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<section style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.25em; height: 2.25em; border-left: 5px solid rgb(215, 89, 16); border-top: 5px solid rgb(215, 89, 16); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -2.25em; margin-left: 5px; padding-top: 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" padding: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑团队</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="margin-bottom: -2.25em; margin-right: 5px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.8; padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ <span style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">Enrique Pe?alosa、Tanvi Misra    </span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">翻译/ 桐二       </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">文献/ </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">戚心怡    </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">校验/ 众山小</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">编辑/ 众山小   排版/ 丁炬丹<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin-left: auto; width: 2.25em; height: 2.25em; border-right: 5px solid rgb(215, 89, 16); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(215, 89, 16); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 35%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: right;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px; margin-bottom: -10px; margin-left: auto; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); border-left: 5px solid rgba(228, 105, 11, 0.82); border-bottom: 5px solid rgba(228, 105, 11, 0.82); border-top: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 100%; border-right: 10px solid rgba(228, 105, 11, 0.82); padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(122, 215, 248); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwZYibmgV6N9AQOefr32eskRFwxjUXibWma3z2wOKKHeSx8QXyq9kqW6wA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section style="width: 0px; margin-top: -10px; margin-left: auto; border-top: 5px solid rgba(228, 105, 11, 0.82); border-left: 5px solid rgba(228, 105, 11, 0.82); border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 65%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(182, 182, 182); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(215, 89, 16); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">译者萌像与导读：</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(70, 69, 69); box-sizing: border-box;">则一是对当今世界上最成功的BRT系统所在地，波哥大市市长Enrique Pe?alosa的访谈，其中BRT建设方面的经验对印度德里极具借鉴意义。潘纳罗萨在访谈中不断强调平等意识，公共利益高于私人利益以及这些观念在日常中渗透的关键性。既然人人平等，那么人们就应当享有平等的道路空间权，这对于以私家车为核心即实质上以富人需求为中心的城市不平等现象是一个有力的抨击！倘若印度贯彻了这样的平等观念，那么就不会有BRT专用道被占用的事情发生，也就不会出现今日公众要求拆除BRT的结果。此外，Enrique Pe?alosa用物种标志物对我们保护城市中弱势群体原因的解释也令人印象深刻。不过则二给我们泼了一盆冷水，介绍的是BRT在德里失败的故事，一方面，拥堵和污染问题的解决极度渴求BRT这种公共交通系统，而另一方面建成的BRT却因为带来的更多的拥堵和事故而被公众反对。问题的根源就在于BRT推荐实施过程中出现了太多失误。不合理的设计，不完整的功能，不严格的执法，以及乘客普及教育的缺失，最终点燃了公众愤怒的火花。最终文章认为BRT的成功很大程度上取决于当地政府治理的效率和决心。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 45%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 22px 0% 8px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(185, 167, 121); box-sizing: border-box;" class=""></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 10%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwwiclEiby0Fs4vmhoSVCCz8z8UzImCib7OyxgGPcxt96qgf5HuKo8X19Hg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 45%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 22px 0% 8px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(185, 167, 121); box-sizing: border-box;" class=""></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(156, 187, 158); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">○</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(156, 187, 158); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">○</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; font-size: 38.4px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 3em; height: 3em; margin: auto; border-radius: 100%; border-width: 6px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWw82wyCVvX1q1M5gAMssj9BjBJjWq3sOSn1MkLvx4mQ9wjY75Au4cQOw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWw82wyCVvX1q1M5gAMssj9BjBJjWq3sOSn1MkLvx4mQ9wjY75Au4cQOw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(202, 198, 198); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(202, 198, 198); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 59%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -10px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 16px; color: rgba(38, 176, 231, 0.79); letter-spacing: 3px; padding: 0px 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(182, 182, 182); letter-spacing: 3px; padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">可持续城市与交通</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(202, 198, 198); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(202, 198, 198); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 18em; height: 18em; margin: 0px auto -1em; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 1em 0px -4.9em 13em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 1.3em; height: 1.3em; margin: auto; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgba(228, 105, 11, 0.57); line-height: 1.3; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254); color: rgb(249, 110, 87); font-size: 48px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</section></section></section><section style="display: table; width: 100%; height: 100%; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgba(228, 105, 11, 0.82); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; line-height: 1.2; padding: 15px; border-radius: 100%; box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; color: rgb(255, 129, 36); font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">公交车遭遇交通拥堵？</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">这就和当年女性没有选举权一样不公平！</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ Enrique Pe?alosa    翻译/ 桐二</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">对波哥大市长来说，城市规划的方式对居民未来是否幸福有决定性的影响。随着去年联合国第三届人居大会在厄尔瓜多拉召开，这位哥伦比亚的政治家告诉《卫报》，激进的干预措施是唯一的答案。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwz4L3aRpwJkibZMbfbDw2OSwEJNssLSxbwVvsZwmEU8vxbBvk7drWe0g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0%; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgba(26, 23, 23, 0.94); letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 20px; line-height: 1.8; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、波哥大的千禧年BRT公交系统：“一座城市发达与否的标志之一就是其富有的居民是否也使用公共交通系统”（Luis Acosta/法新社）</em></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); text-align: center; margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 95%; vertical-align: top; background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bdLdeEMxApsKQHmmHzta2EoV6Kvuq4o1PSXm32VPChta4blTGU9vHBfl4833po9Rex8P4Rr0GVgLqGBjMb0xVQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); background-position: 33.3333% 37.9421%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: 96.8668%; background-attachment: scroll; border-radius: 20px; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62); box-shadow: rgb(116, 116, 116) 3.53553px 3.53553px 10px; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 15px 0% 20px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 95%; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255); box-shadow: rgb(116, 116, 116) 0.707107px 0.707107px 6px; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -60px 0% 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/PFEuwWQPAzPkD63119CX9ajpzWz7yqxWNqo7SQib68cDBUz3zT4HoFBsnwAAsXAvibJ8C9MsQzVibPbnJbxZmUhQg/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0%; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(122, 120, 121); line-height: 1.8; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">受访者：Enrique Pe?alosa</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">波哥大现任市长（以下简称EP）</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">记者：Mike Herd（以下简称MH）</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); font-size: 14.4px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 90%; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" font-size: 7.2px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwZYibmgV6N9AQOefr32eskRFwxjUXibWma3z2wOKKHeSx8QXyq9kqW6wA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwmhYmAjuBwLfEYFOY9cKv9vCEobB5Tn86DiaLbiaSzSlWxZbukjZZ71eA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwRGT6iaq8AdT7bYOLrUmjOUkTCiaAgY3d2VpcHUgEmYIgU31o7Y8PAglg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwociceDm4iaZ9c8rNJBVtvb3tZKUodhLf4SLbicAyz1upQS1JMNooxkyOA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwnwZFrpNoaFJb53NWbxtM6Rc4GYLmL8EqTMI5HswPibGJFe39NOWLgUw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 0px; margin: auto; border-bottom: 1em solid rgb(42, 42, 42); border-left: 0.8em solid transparent !important; border-right: 0.8em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(42, 42, 42); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 16.4572px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: 15px; line-height: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市·与·公交</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(42, 42, 42); box-sizing: border-box;" class=""></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 33.33%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: right; font-size: 21.6px; color: rgb(160, 160, 160); letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">一览</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 33.33%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwwiclEiby0Fs4vmhoSVCCz8z8UzImCib7OyxgGPcxt96qgf5HuKo8X19Hg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 33.33%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 21.6px; color: rgb(160, 160, 160); letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">众山</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwM60NaHdoVniameyhABBCUIQFKEIjCgJmibG2LRP2cNtAEnL7GduLJWCg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0.2em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 3.3em; height: 3.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -0.2em; border-width: 3px; border-style: solid; border-color: white; margin-right: -3.3em; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 100%; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 3.4em; margin-top: -3em; border-radius: 1.5em; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 14px; text-align: center; padding: 0px 15px 0px 10px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.8; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">MH：去年联合国人居三大会胜利召开，这是联合国20年后再一次召开有关城市未来的全球首脑会议。但是为什么对你来说1976年温哥华举行的第一届人居大会对你才是最重要的呢？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">EP：</strong></span>我的父亲——联合国人居署秘书长（也称老Enrique）组织了第一次人居会议。当时我以学生的身份参加，而他与我分享了许多见解。这就是我对城市事务如此感兴趣的原因之一。大学时期，我认为社会主义能够有效地实现高储率和高速经济发展，从而创造更平等的社会。实际上我发现这两项均未实现，于是我对人类住区规划愈发感兴趣。我意识到我们建设城市的方式对于人们未来是否幸福的影响，远大于经济发展情况。例如倘若我们为公园留出几公顷的的土地，人们就能得到更长远的幸福感。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0.2em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 3.3em; height: 3.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -0.2em; border-width: 3px; border-style: solid; border-color: white; margin-right: -3.3em; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 100%; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 3.4em; margin-top: -3em; border-radius: 1.5em; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 14px; text-align: center; padding: 0px 15px 0px 10px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.8; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">MH：四十年过去了，城市现在最亟待解决的问题是什么？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(239, 70, 70); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">EP</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">：</span></span><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">简而言之，是土地。私有财产和市场的效应不适用于增长的城市周围的土地——因为随着价格上涨，供应并未增加。这与土豆或者番茄酱的市场不同。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“如果所有的公民一律平等，那么公共利益应优先于私人利益。”</strong></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">城市生长的方式不应由私人利益决定，而应由政府决定，因为政府能够确定发展的最佳位置，从而缩短交通运输距离并建造大型公园。政府对土地的干预对于建设良好城市是至关重要的。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">我们应当尽可能地坚定公共利益胜过私人利益的原则——这意味着会经常动用“征用”的力量。掌握土地的控制权是关键，从而为城市的公共空间，公园，道路和住房项目争取到土地和建筑。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">在民主的城市地区不应出现私人的滨水区。所有市民一律平等是民主的基本原则，既然人人平等，那么所有人都有权利使用等量的道路空间。公共利益应当高于私人利益，当周围没有公园的时候我们绝不能允许高尔夫球场的存在。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwM60NaHdoVniameyhABBCUIQFKEIjCgJmibG2LRP2cNtAEnL7GduLJWCg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(44, 41, 41); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、</strong></em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">Enrique Pe?alosa的父亲组织了1976年的第一次人居大会。（Guillermo Legaria/法新社/ Getty图片社）</span></strong></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0.2em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 3.3em; height: 3.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -0.2em; border-width: 3px; border-style: solid; border-color: white; margin-right: -3.3em; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 100%; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 3.4em; margin-top: -3em; border-radius: 1.5em; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; padding: 0px 15px 0px 10px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.8; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">MH：你在波哥大一直是强调自行车和公共交通重要性的先驱，今天你在世界城市中所看到的是否证明了你的正确性呢？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.8; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(210, 25, 72); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">EP：</strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">大约二十年前，我第一次在这里担任市长职务的时候，我们引入了自行车专用道，而人们都认为这是疯狂的举动，因为当时的伦敦、巴黎、马德里和纽约都还没有自行车道。而现在，却有这么多人对这项运动非常感兴趣——尤其是年轻人。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">以自行车和公共交通为主要交通方式的城市更民主也更平等！在发展中国家，受保护的自行车道不仅是对骑行人的安全保障，它还标志着，骑一辆价值50美元自行车的人，和开这价值5万美元私家车的人同等重要。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0.2em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 3.3em; height: 3.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -0.2em; border-width: 3px; border-style: solid; border-color: white; margin-right: -3.3em; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 100%; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 3.4em; margin-top: -3em; border-radius: 1.5em; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; padding: 0px 15px 0px 10px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.8; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">MH：然而大多数城市仍然存在可怕的交通拥堵问题……</p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(210, 25, 72); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">EP</strong>：</span><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">不同于健康和教育问题，移动性对城市来说是一项特殊的挑战，因为当社会经济水平提升时这个问题反而变得更糟。首先我们必须明白，一座发达的城市，不应该是贫穷的居民开得起汽车的城市，而是富裕的居民也愿意使用公共交通工具出行的城市。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">如果所有市民都平等了，那么步行或者骑行的人和开劳斯莱斯等豪华汽车的人拥有同等的道路空间使用权。而一辆运载150名乘客的公交车所拥有的道路空间就应是仅载一人的小汽车的150倍。这就意味着我们应当给公交车配备专用车道并创建快速公交系统（BRT），这是问题的唯一解决方法。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">在波哥大，我们的BRT和世界上大多数地铁系统拥有同样的速度和载客量。事实上我们每小时运送的人次，比欧洲任何一条地铁线路都高。而且未来我们将通过新开轨道线或BRT线路确保城市中80%以上人口的居住地距离交通线路不超过一公里。</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">但是波哥大经历了很多失败，也存在着很多问题。不过颇为成功的一点就是为公交车在每条重要的道路上设有专用车道的观念，已深入人心。没有人提出怀疑——即使开私家车的人并不喜欢这样，他们也不敢公开谈论。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">城市交通的整体挑战不是技术性的，而是政治性的。</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">而今天公交车被困于交通拥堵中就像一个世纪以前的女性没有投票权一样荒谬不公！</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwlAHRxXkcRvN3gJGXRTjyoSKC9KDkiaSROQxGO820bH1mxGpUPQTWokw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(44, 41, 41); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图三、Pe?alosa说：“以自行车和公共交通为主要交通方式的城市更民主也更平等。”（新华社/ Alamy）</strong></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0.2em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 3.3em; height: 3.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -0.2em; border-width: 3px; border-style: solid; border-color: white; margin-right: -3.3em; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 100%; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 3.4em; margin-top: -3em; border-radius: 1.5em; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; padding: 0px 15px 0px 10px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.8; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">MH：你认为构成美好城市的要素是什么？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(210, 25, 72); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">EP</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">：</span></span><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">我认为一座美好的城市要对城市中的弱势群体友好：穷人，老人，妇女和儿童。预防犯罪也尤为重要，因为犯罪率过高时，受到最大威胁的往往是妇女儿童和老人。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">如果你在山间的溪流中发现了鳟鱼，这就意味着水很纯澈，因为鳟鱼是一种非常脆弱的鱼，容易受到脏水和缺氧的威胁。这就是所谓的“物种指示物”。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“如果女性夜晚在城市漫步时感到安全舒适，那就是一座美好的城市。”</strong></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;">同样我经常说判断良好城市的物种指标，就是观察孩子，老人，坐轮椅的人或者女性独自一人在街道上时的情况。如果女性夜晚在城市步行时感到舒适，那就是一个好迹象。</span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;">犯罪是城市的一个巨大问题，因为它扼杀了公共空间。如果商场代替公共空间成为人们聚会的地点，那么这就是城市患病的征兆。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0.2em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 3.3em; height: 3.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -0.2em; border-width: 3px; border-style: solid; border-color: white; margin-right: -3.3em; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 100%; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 3.4em; margin-top: -3em; border-radius: 1.5em; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; padding: 0px 15px 0px 10px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.8; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">MH：基多取得人居三大会举办权的原因是什么？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(210, 25, 72); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">EP</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">：</span></span><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">主要的城市挑战都发生在快速成长的发展中国家城市。甚至在波哥大这样的拉丁美洲城市，在哥伦比亚这样大规模城市化的国家（城市化率约75%-80%），城市的建成区在未来40年也将增加一倍以上。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">但是在印度，亚洲和非洲，在未来的50年内。城市的建成区可能以10倍甚至更大的幅度增长——因此，我认为最大的挑战就是这些尚未建成的城市。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">这是最大的挑战同时也是最大的机遇，因为我们能够建成完全不同的城市——而且比当今已有的城市更好。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWw3Xfn8BSmxyuXE1frGibibIq6xQG5eYrB10cwJ0LcHkG6rxRz0WRibJib1g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(44, 41, 41); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图</strong></em></strong><em style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四、Pe?alosa希望未来80%的城市人口能住在距离BRT线路一公里以内的地方。（John Coletti/Getty 图片社）</strong></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: left; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></em><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">我想说没有一个发展中国家的城市有超过50%的街道可供坐轮椅的人自由前行。在大部分的城市中，这种街道占比不及10%。</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">城市最大的问题与公平有关：使用公园的权利，使用交通设施的权利，除了健康，食物，教育这些经常提及的权利之外，还有运动设施，音乐课程，绿色空间，以及其他方面。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0.2em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 3.3em; height: 3.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -0.2em; border-width: 3px; border-style: solid; border-color: white; margin-right: -3.3em; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 100%; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwuKia7Zke59PXpEREROwTccgjm8VuS1Ej5CVKvHryRWhNTG2f325O6Eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 3.4em; margin-top: -3em; border-radius: 1.5em; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; padding: 0px 15px 0px 10px; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.8; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">MH：城市应当对自己的命运掌有更多的控制权吗？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(210, 25, 72); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">EP</strong>：</span><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">许多人说中央政府应当给予城市更多的自主权，但我认为比政府控制城市更糟糕的是有无数的自治城市，每个人随心所欲地做想做的事情。这才是荒诞可怕的。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">在哥伦比亚，我们宪法给予波哥大这座首都城市很大的独立性。这种国家和地方政府关系的重要之处在于，我们以合理的方式重新分配资源和责任。我们必须创建这样的机构——你能真正规划好一个大城市，并从富裕地区向贫困地区重新分配收入（二次分配）。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">对于一个良好城市的构思方面，我们确实已前进不少，也应当如此。但是我认为这个概念过于以欧洲为中心，过于以发达的城市为中心，因为我认为尚未建成的发展中国家城市的未来可能比伦敦，巴黎和纽约更好。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">以绿道为例，对伦敦来说拥有长达2000公里四通八达纵横交错的绿道是不可能的——已经太晚了。但对于还未建设的亚非城市而言却很现实。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">尚未建成的城市可以有无数种不同类型的都市设想。这是你在纽约和巴黎无法做到的，而在亚非城市甚至是一些拉丁美洲的城市新区，这一切都能轻易实现。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;">现在，大部分发展中国家的城市确实不是幸福生活的所在地，他们不是贫富共享同一公共空间的地方，与优秀的欧洲城市之间还有很大的差距——距离我们现在所能创造的更好的城市，他们还有更漫长的路要走。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwhGTOiaxt4Z0HQ0WSHcB6XbDevF9Tb5Z7Rwe8ruOUQfndUEJfy0hgicBg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 18em; height: 18em; margin: 0px auto -1em; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 1em 13em -4.9em 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 1.3em; height: 1.3em; margin: auto; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgba(228, 105, 11, 0.57); line-height: 1.3; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-radius: 100%; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); font-size: 48px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></section></section><section style="display: table; width: 100%; height: 100%; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgba(228, 105, 11, 0.82); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; line-height: 1.2; padding: 15px; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; color: rgb(255, 129, 36); font-size: 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">为什么BRT</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在印度德里推广失败</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ Tanvi Misra  翻译/ 桐二</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">快速公交作为一种便宜便捷的交通方式为人们所熟知。但是在世界上最大且人口最稠密的城市之一——德里，BRT却让一切变得更糟。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWw4KTZBTkT3SiaB6YGvVQC1Y5Xib3BPO3gzsaB7utSGHlLJXx4n5TjoLzA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(44, 41, 41); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify; white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图五、一辆公交车驶过雾霾笼罩的德里印度门。（Altaf Qadri/AP）</strong></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">这个冬季，如同以往的冬日，厚厚的雾霾笼罩着德里。根据印度首都空气颗粒物标准，16级的颗粒物对呼吸安全尚未构成威胁。浓烈厚重雾霾使明亮的正午阳光都变得黯淡。学校停课，航班取消，行人戴着口罩来过滤空气中的有害物质。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在这个2500万人口的超大城市，雾霾的季节性的围城，变得如此严重，其中一个重要原因是：印度对私家车的狂热持续升温。城市内的交通拥堵已经恶化得相当严重，曾经出现几分钟的路程需要几小时才能到达的情况。总体来看，交通事故导致的死亡人数依然高得惊人。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">为了应对这些挑战，德里一直在努力加强并扩大公共交通系统的建设。在2008年，该市开通了第一条BRT（快速公交系统）线路——一条3.6公里的公交走廊，该线路每小时能向德里南部运送12000名乘客<span style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献1，请联系我们索取）</strong></span>。但是今年，市政府并未按预期对系统进行调整并延伸BRT走廊的二期工程，而是决定彻底废除BRT。这项BRT基础设施的拆除将于2017年2月完工，拆除工作耗资约160万美元。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">世界上众多城市的成功案例证明，与固定轨道交通相比，BRT是一个更为经济便捷的选择，既然如此，为什么BRT会在世界上最大的城市之一德里失败呢？印度交通专家给出了问题的答案——BRT的失败与实施过程中的失误，摇摆不定的政治意愿和公众教育，以及早期对小汽车交通所做出的妥协有关。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在BRT建成后的六个月里，BRT走廊上的交通拥堵明显增多<span style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献2，请联系我们索取）</strong></span>。公交车辆和交通信号灯故障频发。乘客争抢上下车，违规横穿马路引起的混乱导致了交通事故不断发生。私家车车主强势宣传大呼不公，并最终于2012年提起诉讼，并最终赢得了进入公交车道的权利。与德里地铁系统的功绩相比，四面楚歌的BRT更像一笔糟糕的投资。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在德里不断扩建的交通设施中，BRT的作用（如果有的话）一直没有发挥出来---这确实令人遗憾。而逐渐恶化的空气质量表明，德里迫切需要更高效的交通。很多专家们坚持认为，一个设计优良的BRT系统是德里繁荣健康发展关键一环。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgb(56, 102, 122), rgba(255, 247, 234, 0)) rgb(162, 215, 196); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px; border-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(240, 112, 153); border-right-color: rgb(240, 112, 153); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“拆掉这个陷阱! ”</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.8; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">标准的BRT系统一般都有几个重要的共同特点---1）设置在城市高客流高密度地区，2）并使用专用车道，3）使用最新技术的现代化公交车辆和4）通常是封闭的车站以及站内高效的售检票系统，当然近年来，BRT系统的发展也越来越强调与其他交通方式的一体化衔接，以及往往伴随有行人友好的街道设计。当然也应该包括公众普及教育，帮助乘客了解如何使用他们。在发展中城市，如伊斯坦布尔、墨西哥城和波哥大的BRT系统，都能达到与地铁轨道系统相当的运营速度和客流，并且用比地铁便宜得多的成本将乘客运至繁荣之地，明显提高了市民的整体生活质量。“BRT已经成功地成为一种真正替代地铁的公共交通方式，”世界资源研究所（WRI）可持续城市中心全球主任Ani Dasgupta认为“在人们眼中它是一个极具吸引力的选择。”</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">而德里的问题在于他们的BRT系统其实是一款缩水版的。Dasgupta说：“他们把这个系统称之为BRT，但是其实它和BRT根本是风马牛不相及，不具有可比性。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); text-align: center; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“拥有小汽车的权威阶层开始占有道路使用权，</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">而其他方式出行者则被困在拥堵的公交车上。”</strong></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">ITDP基于30种设计和服务特征制定了BRT的国际标准。根据其评分，德里的BRT不过是“初级BRT”，这意味着它的功能太少以至于不能根据标准进行评估，而根据2009年世界资源研究所WRI的评估报告<span style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献2，请联系我们索取）</strong></span>，甚至认为其现有功能都不够完善。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">第二个问题是其他的车辆也可以肆意闯入BRT专用车道，包括校车、小汽车和摩托车。第三，根本没有任何有关安全、高效使用BRT系统的普及教育，没有帮助人们适应新的出行方式的过渡期。而相比之下，其他的印度城市在这方面做得更好：例如艾哈迈达巴德推出了10英里的BRT系统，配有高科技公共汽车，封闭的候车亭和预检票系统——在最初三个月内全部免费。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">当德里的BRT遇到障碍时，公关危机随之而生。报纸抨击该项目，称之为“诅咒”，并大力推动“拆掉这个陷阱”。连前任交通局长Saurabh Bharadwaj和一些规划师都加入了反对BRT的阵营。——《印度时报》</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">“BRT并未建设在最合适的位置。首先，BRT专用车道尽管设置在道路中间，但是行人过街抵达路中的车站却极为不方便。其次，尽管设计了一套极其昂贵的、智能的交通信号系统，但由于四个入口同时存在严重拥堵，所以基本上信号系统完全不能实现预期效果。所以我们要求废除现有的BRT系统。”</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">并非所有人都认为这个项目彻底失败。Dinesh Mohan ，一位曾经向政府提议此项工程的印度理工学院交通研究员认为，人们所总结的BRT的失败原因具有误导性——很大程度上忽略了BRT所带来的些许积极意义。根据世界资源研究所的评估，乘坐BRT线路公交车的乘客通勤时间缩短了40%（然而BRT走廊沿线的其他出行方式通勤者的出行时间增加了）。此外BRT走廊所在道路，在BRT出现之前是以小汽车为中心，而通过BRT项目，全线升级增设了自行车专用道和自行车友好交叉口。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">但最终反对BRT的声音还是胜出了，正如Dasgupta 所说的这个决定“不仅对BRT，而且对德里的市民也同样是很糟糕的结果，因为他们目前除了拆除之外，没有任何替代方案。”</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; background: -webkit-linear-gradient(right, rgb(56, 102, 122), rgba(255, 247, 234, 0)) rgb(162, 215, 196); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 0px 10px 0px 0px; border-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(240, 112, 153); border-right-color: rgb(240, 112, 153); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: right; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">建设一个更好的BRT</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 1.5px; padding: 0px 7px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">德里公共交通方面的数据惊人。两百多公里（125英里）的地铁网络每天运载了约200万的乘客。但总体来说，常规公共交通才至关重要：德里公交公司运营着4000辆左右的公交车，每天运送人次约350万。2016年初，为了解决拥堵和污染问题，当地政府试行单双号限行政策，为此公共交通乘客数量迅速增至400万。在一份2008年的印度理工学院报告中<span style="color: rgba(246, 53, 41, 0.8); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献3，请联系我们索取）</strong></span>，交通专家和BRT支持者Mohan对比分析了BRT和地铁的成本效益。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">实际的需求永远不会达到交通系统理论通行能力的上限，部分原因是由于在印度城市居民绝大多数的出行距离不超过10公里，而这么短的距离下，地铁并不一定能节约时间……在保证乘客不流失的情况下，常规公交的票价也不能持续上涨。因此就需要对地面公交系统进行优化以提高其生产效率，至少要具有中等运载容量能力（每小时单方向15000-30000名乘客），同时增大公共交通网络密度，使换乘更加灵活。有专用车道的BRT似乎是唯一的选择，因为它的建造成本仅是地铁系统的5%。</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">今年，德里政府透露了为BRT建设高架车道的设想。但是整个高架车道系统造价极其高昂，抵消了BRT的主要成本优势。“明智的选择是以一种更加民主的方式利用现有的道路。”Dasgupta说，他仍未放弃BRT能够为德里效力的观点。 “我们目前使用道路的方式是——拥有私家车的富人开始占有道路的使用权，而其他人则被困在拥堵的公交车上。”</p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">与BRT紧密联系的多模式“车队”（由不同公共交通工具组成）正在逐渐形成，因此使用与地铁系统一体化的票务系统也很重要。最大的挑战可能在于向德里居民第二次“推销”BRT系统，如何重新树立用户体验——甚至是比城市轨道更受欢迎的一种选择。之前发生的事情表明，公众宣传可能是最难解决的问题。“公交车得到了不公正的评价，因此沦为人们的第二甚至是第三选择，”Dasgupta说，“在研究中我们认识到，为整个公共交通系统正名是必要的。”</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: rgb(61, 60, 69); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; float: left; margin-top: -0.68em; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-right: 0.4em solid rgb(147, 54, 29); border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-left: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px; background-color: rgb(255, 30, 41); padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 19.2px; line-height: 1.2em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(147, 54, 29); border-left: 0.4em solid rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-right: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 5px; line-height: 1.2em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">《ITDP – 德里BRT对比分析》</p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwZPNqkc2TVMSUl1bdZuF9G2tX4BQVZU2bnia71A6viaPXib5COnphgtmIg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwibMib6ibiaJX63uicOicWeKrRlmTLfPfuEhMRqnBeRVx0PRqz2ppubuicFtTQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwRSvl1OicnSn7aL6nFPuP3tv98IMed1ibcZEb2ib2f42Pw2xSUUXvHAtpw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwmtWKDticUbHG5NFpEhAHu2Cd2ZSgRCEkDpBmKr5DicjVrl7DmXdSnV6A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwLlJrjO9aQ5ib6gGic6JdQqm9G0FCAfL4pkV0KCbXXuWeCEdVZ6qmcRRw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: rgb(61, 60, 69); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; float: left; margin-top: -0.68em; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-right: 0.4em solid rgb(147, 54, 29); border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-left: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px; background-color: rgb(255, 30, 41); padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 19.2px; line-height: 1.2em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(147, 54, 29); border-left: 0.4em solid rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-right: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 5px; line-height: 1.2em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: left; clear: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">《世界资源研究所EMBARQ-德里公交走廊》</p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibDg7zD0iaJkAJpW0pibf8iaWwZKyN8ETFUVBZKGPNOsBgj5Lw461Yv6lvVEH4UXnaWO8pktSjic7EP1w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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