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<section style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.25em; height: 2.25em; border-left: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-top: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -2.25em; margin-left: 5px; padding-top: 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" padding: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑团队</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="margin-bottom: -2.25em; margin-right: 5px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">原文/  Piyushimita, Katarzyna and Jorge Gonzalez Paule</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">翻译/ 文杰    <span style="letter-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> 文献/ 徐慧中     校核/  袁琦、曾辉   </span></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">编辑/ 众山小   排版/ 周利亚</p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin-left: auto; width: 2.25em; height: 2.25em; border-right: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 35%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: right;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px; margin-bottom: -10px; margin-left: auto; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); border-left: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-top: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 100%; border-right: 10px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(251, 210, 107); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicew2HtnC3chla3NuI7eZzjPRbmRUvjXNz7NmO5zO9pCMfbBbZ9ZWvV4o2eYdFYMo4ibGibZbEZxvng/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="170"  /></section></section></section><section style="width: 0px; margin-top: -10px; margin-left: auto; border-top: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-left: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 65%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(182, 182, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">《大数据与城市》专刊</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">篇九：感知城市时空变化模式：综合多媒体城市数据平台分析和可视化</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); border-right: 5px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); border-top: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 100%; display: inline-block; border-top: 10px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); margin: 0px -10px; padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"> 具备探寻新兴城市模式的能力对城市资源的有效管理而言至关重要。本文运用综合多媒体城市数据（iMCD）平台，对大格拉斯哥都市区的变化趋势进行研究。研究涉及的内容包括：城市形态结构的空间变化，人口聚集度，一天内的短时行为模式，社交功能空间中本地人口特征等内容，并通过图示的方式表达出来。这些模式的研究有助于城市工作者识别未来的城市资源需求。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-left: 5px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); border-top: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 5px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaicCOm27IEQZVXhKia1nbtCE7MtDIvU4ZGtYhCk0QIvI41uu1hR0ic0e2VLuAwA8w5YZyjLOMYCJcfFw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.746875" data-w="640"  /> <section style="width: 100%; height: 1em; margin-top: -0.92em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 45%; height: 1em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 0px; margin: auto; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-left: 0.8em solid white; border-right: 0.8em solid white; border-bottom: 0.8em solid white; border-top: 0.55em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 45%; height: 1em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 100%; margin-top: -1em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 10%; height: 1em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 10%; height: 1em; margin-left: 80%; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -0.6em; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(202, 198, 198); letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -5px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(133, 118, 106); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 3px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">大数据与城市专刊</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 11px; color: rgb(160, 160, 160); letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">篇九：感知城市时空变化模式：综合多媒体城市数据平台分析和可视化</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0% -40px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-right: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); max-width: 5% !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-left: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.2em; color: white; text-align: center; max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); border-left: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); max-width: 5% !important; border-right: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.55em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; display: block; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 20px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">研究背景和研究目的</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin: auto; width: 0px; border-top: 0.6em solid rgb(90, 193, 182); border-left: 0.5em solid transparent !important; border-right: 0.5em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">随着城市地区出现新的集群和热点，城市空间结构更加多中心化。早期关于“多中心主义”和“多中心发展”的研究，更加关注城市结构的节点特征和聚焦各中心之间关系的功能性方法。新兴数据形式为多中心研究提供了新的动力，对发展模式的成本和收益评估叠加了数据维度。本文既关注传统CBD内功能性和社会性用途显著混合的大规模地区，同样关注混合用途的小型区域。该研究的主要目的是运用新兴数据形式，基于数据的研究方法，探索城市地区的时空结构，依照数据处理方法，推动城市资源的有效管理。</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0% -40px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-right: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); max-width: 5% !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-left: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.2em; color: white; text-align: center; max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); border-left: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); max-width: 5% !important; border-right: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.55em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; display: block; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 20px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">数据来源</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin: auto; width: 0px; border-top: 0.6em solid rgb(90, 193, 182); border-left: 0.5em solid transparent !important; border-right: 0.5em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">iMCD平台数据包括参与者调查、网络信息检索、遥感数据、传感器数据、特定私人领域数据集、背景数据等多种形式，基本数据来自城市区域内数字移动信息基础设施（DMII）。</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0% -40px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-right: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); max-width: 5% !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-left: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.2em; color: white; text-align: center; max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); border-left: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); max-width: 5% !important; border-right: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.55em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; display: block; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 20px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">研究方法和数据处理</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin: auto; width: 0px; border-top: 0.6em solid rgb(90, 193, 182); border-left: 0.5em solid transparent !important; border-right: 0.5em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">为研究区域空间结构，采用多元自适应回归样条法和聚类法，对大格拉斯哥都市区研究时段内标记地理信息的推文进行分析；为调查活动地区内的用途类型，依照数据处理规则，将区域划分为细微空间单元，根据社会性、功能性或混合性分类，研究各时间段空间用途转换方式（图一）；为评估不同城市地区语言模式反映度，从社交媒体数据中导出描述各网格集群内常见对话的社交注释，丰富集群语义，通过数据准备、数据分析和可视化展现分析结果。</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicew2HtnC3chla3NuI7eZzjAyYhQo3LK0SHVTgRsNEhAz0OTQib6B5nBVzzA3gooBBu0ibpmbmqBuEQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.7397769516728625" data-w="538"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、混合用途空间动态变化框架：探寻不同层面城市新陈代谢的社会性和功能性空间</strong></em></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; font-size: 21.6px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px auto 4px; width: 2.5em; text-align: right; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0.3em; height: 0.3em; margin-right: 2px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin-left: 2px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section style="width: 2.5em; text-align: right; margin: auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; margin-right: 2px; line-height: 1.2em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); color: white; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</section></span><span style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin-left: 2px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -32px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">             展示城市系统性粒状机构</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">根据整体活动密度，距市中心越远，人口、住房和信息点的聚集度越低，推文强度也越低。图二A为单位输出面积内推文数量及与市中心距离关系的散点图，存在极端偏离点；B为推文总数随距离变化的二元内核密度图，距市中心3公里范围内推文密度较高；C为多元自适应回归样条模型，反映了3公里范围内部分混合用途中心活动的非线性变化。</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicew2HtnC3chla3NuI7eZzjEib6uvpBPFzEfUmKuIpryPjb0L2kb2mV3sXUTW5y1UWqCOzABGypXdQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.353125" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、推文与市中心距离关系的不同角度分析</strong></em></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; font-size: 21.6px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px auto 4px; width: 2.5em; text-align: right; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0.3em; height: 0.3em; margin-right: 2px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin-left: 2px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section style="width: 2.5em; text-align: right; margin: auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; margin-right: 2px; line-height: 1.2em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); color: white; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></span><span style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin-left: 2px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -32px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">            </strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">  向混合用途空间叠加时间维度</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">叠加后可发现受时间限制的活动短时空间聚集特征，如图三A方框内似乎为夏季游客集群，随季节变化而消退。</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicew2HtnC3chla3NuI7eZzje9Fziaemia8mibfppmKIOvLUY8L4AgcvzJzC3kTjyV3YT3AvUNYv2s6Sw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.3359375" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图三、大格拉斯哥都市区推特用户集群。A（左）图为空间分布，B（右）为GPS定位。</strong></em></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">图四为当地主要活动类型区域的空间分布图，仅包含四类数据（GPS、推特、四方网和人口普查）的布点。在格拉斯哥中心区，单一用途为主的地区较少，大部分地区为混合用途。</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicew2HtnC3chla3NuI7eZzj4ziaNwMyxz2ZJY15X1eD2VJen1M6YBbdy0YsU2NEKgHt8ECKg8mtaKg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.4859375" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图四、社会性-功能性混合地区分布图</strong></em></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">所有集群的活动水平都呈双峰分布，早间峰值较小，晚间峰值较大。</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicew2HtnC3chla3NuI7eZzjgXmgnCRPCMYELDLFFjEANYQItVN1VZMPWG2yFhvEBUWWUH8USVVFIA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.3625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图五、根据四方网记录信息的双峰活动分布图</strong></em></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">社交媒体数据所反映的城市时空动态变化还可通过其他方式体现。在图六中，由于使用者晨起抵达工作地点并待足全天，因此功能性为主的地区平均停留时间最长。居住区最长停留时间发生在晚上回家之后。最短停留时间出现在主要社交地点的下午较早时段。</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicew2HtnC3chla3NuI7eZzjLNJRg9MibNKUJ5ibJpCb1ib9CbdAhwso2j5IvqxBXB6AbYDIXBlrnKyZg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.465625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图六、不同地区全天GPS推测平均停留时长</strong></em></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; font-size: 21.6px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px auto 4px; width: 2.5em; text-align: right; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0.3em; height: 0.3em; margin-right: 2px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin-left: 2px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section style="width: 2.5em; text-align: right; margin: auto; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; margin-right: 2px; line-height: 1.2em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); color: white; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</p></span><span style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin-left: 2px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -32px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(90, 193, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">              向时间和空间叠加语义学维度</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicew2HtnC3chla3NuI7eZzj5VEic6bPhDcWJoJONmGuXsfPTsRmYibg0wMzAjaMJhbGL7J1kUDCq5mQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.45" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></em></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图七、特定地区的情景感知和语义丰富。A（左）图为网格化数据，B（右）图为统计地图形式。</strong></em></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0% -40px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-right: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); max-width: 5% !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-left: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px; background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.2em; color: white; text-align: center; max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); border-left: 0.4em solid rgb(128, 129, 40); max-width: 5% !important; border-right: 0.4em solid transparent !important; border-top: 0.4em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.55em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; display: block; background-color: rgb(90, 193, 182); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 18px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">结论 </strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin: auto; width: 0px; border-top: 0.6em solid rgb(90, 193, 182); border-left: 0.5em solid transparent !important; border-right: 0.5em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">本文总体目标为评估新兴数据资源能否用于探寻城市模式，推动城市资源的有效管理。我们关注的模式体现了未来的资源消费需求，主要包括城市形态结构的空间模式、人口聚集度随时间的变化模式、一日之内的行为模式以及翻译不同地区潜在用途和关注点的语言模式，并将推特、四方网、GPS和英国人口普查背景数据纳入新建的iMCD平台。这种方法体现了城市空间内行为模式的“粗糙度”，表明了社交行为和功能行为所产生的行为聚集度。向混合用途叠加时间维度后，会发现行为的短时空间聚集度，并了解城市不同地区行为模式之间随时间转变的情况，在混合功能区尤为明显。可在及早发现城市新陈代谢的过度现象，如交通拥堵、垃圾产生、能源及其他资源消耗等。最后，对不同地区市民社交话题的初步评估体现了运用语言模式辨识潜在用途和关注点的可能性。</p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box;">本文所用的观察数据及其他多种类似数据，通过不同来源，越来越容易获取。这些数据有助于持续监测城市短时空间行为和使用模式。这些策略或可以低成本强化现行监测系统，推动采取目标和适时资源管理策略。城市信息学应用大数据可能在不同程度上面临一些挑战：技术、方法论、理论/认识论问题及新兴的大数据政治经济学。本文已对上述挑战有所论述，这表明新型数据形式可为城市面临的复杂问题提供启示，但需付出艰辛努力，研究支撑城市规划和资源管理的理论假设，并推动新颖数据形式投入实际应用，改善城市生活。</p><p style="white-space: normal; 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