国匠城工作台

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<section style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0px; padding-top: 1.3em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: -16px; margin-left: 30%; margin-right: 30%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style=" transform: rotate(45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg); -moz-transform: rotate(45deg); -o-transform: rotate(45deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 30px; height: 30px; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="width: 22px; height: 22px; margin: 2px; border: 2px solid rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px; height: 16px; margin: 1px auto auto; border: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px; margin: 1px auto auto; border-left-width: 12px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); border-bottom-width: 12px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">点击上方“”可订阅哦！</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254);"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 2px 8px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">导读</p></section></section><section class="" style="border: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226); margin: -1em 0px 0px; padding: 1em 10px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box;">主题：</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box;">城市开发边界的划定方法与管控政策</span></strong></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">当前，城市开发边界已成为规划界关注的热点，首批试点城市也取得了初步成效。我刊已于2016年第6期“规划师论坛”<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">栏目对部分首批试点城市的实践成果进行了总结，引发了规划师的关注和思考。为进一步总结各试点城市在开发边界的划定与管</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">控方面的经验与教训，本刊特开辟“专题研究”栏目，以“城市开发边界划定方法与管控政策”为主题，选发一组文章，深入剖</span><span style="text-indent: 0em; line-height: 1.6;">析沈阳、武汉、哈尔滨和苏州等试点城市的相关经验，希望能为城市开发边界的划定工作提供参考。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/6Hzm0fsHuBE6GExvicjV2CHJ2hQULI1Q4Fvn0sNyibN3ZgZogpRLmsttfe38TDAfP0mBUaJRKib7wkI6nM2Ne5QYA/0?wx_fmt=gif" data-ratio="0.36923076923076925" data-w="65"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 9px; height: 9px; float: left; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 9px; height: 9px; float: right; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); border-right-width: 2px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin: -5px 0px; padding: 0px 4px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border: 2px solid rgb(58, 140, 226); font-size: 18px; padding: 0px 10px; color: rgba(208, 20, 115, 0.541176); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><p style="clear: none; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">【专题研究3】</strong></p><p style="clear: none; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">存量规划视角下城市开发边界的</strong></p><p style="clear: none; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">划定方法</strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px; height: 9px; float: left; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 9px; height: 9px; float: right; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); border-right-width: 2px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; padding: 15px 10px 25px; border-radius: 16px; margin-bottom: -30px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">在存量规划背景下，划定城市开发边界是遏制城市蔓延、引导城市有序发展、缓解耕地与生态保护压力的重要手段。作者<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院副教授、博士生导师，城市与区域发展研究所所长</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">郭嵘</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">，哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院博士研究生</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">黄梦石</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">在《规划师》2016年第10期撰文，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">文章以存量规划为视角，厘清传统城市开发边界划定的方法与问题，尝试构建基于存量优化提升与增量智慧增长的双轨目标导</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">向的城市开发边界划定方法体系，并以哈尔滨为例，从城市规模预测、建设用地(存量)开发潜力评价、非建设用地适宜性评</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">价和综合开发边界划定四方面划定城市开发控制的刚性边界与弹性边界，以期为城市建设用地调整与管控提供理论借鉴与技术</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">支持。</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="height: 30px; border-bottom-width: 5px; border-bottom-style: solid; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 1em; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/6Hzm0fsHuBE6GExvicjV2CHJ2hQULI1Q4Fvn0sNyibN3ZgZogpRLmsttfe38TDAfP0mBUaJRKib7wkI6nM2Ne5QYA/0?wx_fmt=gif" data-ratio="0.36923076923076925" data-w="65"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0.2em; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 3.3em; height: 3.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -0.2em; border: 3px solid white; margin-right: -3.3em; transform: rotate(0deg); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-image: url(http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mia68azjgw2k1mqBmAp6LBSbAmRnKfzOzE16GZLImicnWoicAFe4qS8BaY13Kp3PfwMFiakgr3Cd1ViaFQ/0?wx_fmt=png); background-size: cover; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; opacity: 0; box-sizing: border-box;" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mia68azjgw2k1mqBmAp6LBSbAmRnKfzOzE16GZLImicnWoicAFe4qS8BaY13Kp3PfwMFiakgr3Cd1ViaFQ/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.9409090909090909" data-w="220"  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 3.4em; margin-top: -3em; border-radius: 1.5em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; color: white; font-size: 18px; text-align: center; padding: 0px 15px 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">存量规划的概念解读</p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="margin-bottom: -1.4em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0.62em; height: 0.62em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgba(77, 28, 28, 0.819608); border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgba(77, 28, 28, 0.819608); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 2.5em; height: 1.4em; margin-left: 0.31em; margin-top: -0.31em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgba(77, 28, 28, 0.819608); border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgba(77, 28, 28, 0.819608); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="padding: 0px 0.31em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">存量规划是在保持建设用地总规模不变、城市空<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">间不扩张的条件下，主要通过存量用地的盘活、优化、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">挖潜、提升而实现城市发展的规划</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">；以城乡建设用</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地为对象，通过再开发综合评价、空间价值评估、集</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">约利用评价等技术方法对与城市功能、结构不相适应</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的用地(闲置的建设用地和建筑质量差、环境质量差、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">基础设施配套差、利用率低等用地)进行更新改造与</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">再开发 </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">，以促进建成区功能结构的优化调整</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">可见，存量规划指引着城市合理、集约高效、可持续</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的发展</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">，了解城市建设用地的再开发水平是新时</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">期城市开发边界划定的必要前提。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 2.5em; margin-top: -1.4em; margin-left: auto; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em; height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: -0.31em; margin-left: -0.31em; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgba(77, 28, 28, 0.819608); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgba(77, 28, 28, 0.819608); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="width: 0.62em; height: 0.62em; margin-left: auto; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgba(77, 28, 28, 0.819608); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgba(77, 28, 28, 0.819608); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/6Hzm0fsHuBE6GExvicjV2CHJ2hQULI1Q4Fvn0sNyibN3ZgZogpRLmsttfe38TDAfP0mBUaJRKib7wkI6nM2Ne5QYA/0?wx_fmt=gif" data-ratio="0.36923076923076925" data-w="65"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 2px solid white; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">现阶段城市开发边界划定的方法<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与问题</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; padding-left: 0.45em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: dashed; border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">在2006年颁布实施的《城市规划<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">编制办法》明确提出划定城市开发边界</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">之后，北京、上海、深圳、武汉、杭州</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与哈尔滨等特大城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">相继进行城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">开发边界划定的实践工作。划定思路一</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">般是以保护生态环境、集约用地为目标，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">综合考虑区域资源环境和空间发展要素，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">综合土地利用、经济统计等多元数据，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">运用景观格局、GIA模型、放射线预测</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与定性分析等方法进行用地适宜性评价，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">确定禁建区、限建区和适建区，并通过</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">发展规模预测，划定城市开发边界的空</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">间范围</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">(图1)。深圳、杭州将城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市开发边界与生态红线“一线两用”，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">约束城市扩张的刚性边界；北京在全市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">范围内划定城市开发边界和生态保护红</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">线，将空间划分为生态保护红线区、缓</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">冲区与集中建设区三大区域，分区制定</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">差别化的管理政策，引导空间的合理布</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">局；上海提出“三线管控”的空间管制</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">策略，包括建设用地控制线、产业用地</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">控制线和基本农田控制线，根据不同地</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">类提出分类管理策略</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZ3A7ibXiaAXiarkItFeCWCbc6dyO00zz7aMMwoicZcNxQiatzcOrjm1u9efQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.4942857142857142" data-w="350"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">可见，现阶段城市开发边界划定工<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">作是以增量扩张为主线，以空间管控技</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">术为手段，探讨城市外延式增长的控制</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">范围，但这一划定过程忽略了对城市内</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">部现有闲置用地、低效用地等的再利用，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">导致其确定的城市发展规模偏大，进而影</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">响城市开发边界划定的控制范围。针对我</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">国城镇化水平较高的巨型城市区域已进</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">入用地零增长的发展阶段</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">，以及现阶</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">段土地城镇化速度快于人口城镇化速度、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">土地资源过度浪费的实际情况，对城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">内部进行存量用地挖潜、内涵式提升已</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">成为城市开发与建设的核心内容。因此，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">亟待结合存量规划理念，挖掘现有建设</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用地的再开发潜力，合理预测城市规模，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">科学划定城市开发边界的控制范围，统筹</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市内部再开发与外部扩张的空间管控</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">政策，保证城市空间的有序高效发展。</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 0px; margin-left: -0.45em; border-top-width: 1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); border-left-width: 0.5em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 0.5em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/6Hzm0fsHuBE6GExvicjV2CHJ2hQULI1Q4Fvn0sNyibN3ZgZogpRLmsttfe38TDAfP0mBUaJRKib7wkI6nM2Ne5QYA/0?wx_fmt=gif" data-ratio="0.36923076923076925" data-w="65"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.6em 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: -0.6em; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: dotted; border-left-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border: 2px solid rgb(58, 140, 226); border-radius: 5px; font-size: 18px; padding: 0px 5px; color: rgb(58, 140, 226); box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 86% !important;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">存量视角下城市开发边界划定思路</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">与方法</p></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: -0.6em; border-right-width: 2px; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">存量规划视角下的城市开发边界划<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">定的目标是以“严控增量、盘活存量、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">提升质量”为主线，预测城市建设用地</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的极限规模和发展规模，并在两者的约</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">束与限制下，一方面确定城市内部存量</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用地的再开发潜力分区，集约高效地利</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用城市的存量用地，优化调整城市建设</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用地空间结构与布局；另一方面确定城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市外部扩张的空间管控分区，引导城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">精明有序增长，缓解耕地与生态保护的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">压力，保证城市健康、可持续发展，最</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">终整合以上各区来划定城市开发的刚性</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">边界与弹性边界 ( 图 2)。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZe7n48U2RHVdn1OHs876rz6SNn86J3PwoKIw5JOL6vgVKMD2JdpxudQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.7125" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)城市规模预测。从两个层面对城<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市规模进行预测：一是通过生态足迹、生</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">态承载力的定量分析，预测生态安全下的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市建设用地开发的极限规模，作为限制</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">扩张的刚性边界；二是依据现阶段社会经</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">济发展规律，科学地确定建设用地变化的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">关系，以判别规划期内的发展规模预测阈</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">值 ，作为调整扩张的弹性边界。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)城市内部存量用地的再开发潜力<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">分区。城市建设用地再开发潜力应从社会</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">经济发展可持续、空间功能与结构优化、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用地效率提升与生态环境改善等维度进</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">行考量，构建基于用地条件、土地政策、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区位条件和改造价值等影响因子的指标</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">体系，进而通过开发潜力空间分区判定城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市内部存量用地的再开发潜力分区，即禁</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">建区、严格限建区、一般限建区与适建区。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)城市外部扩张用地的空间管控分<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区。城市非建设用地适宜性评价应以“生</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">态优先”和“精明增长”理念为指导，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">严格保护山、林、农、田的生态保育功</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">能，从地形地貌要素、生态敏感性要素、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">限制性保护要素、交通与区位要素等方</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">面构建多因子权重叠加分析模型，对城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市扩张空间进行土地适宜性评价，并根</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">据评价结果划定城市外部扩张用地的空</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">间管控分区，即禁建区、严格限建区、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">一般限建区与适建区。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(4)城市开发边界划定。城市开发边<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">界包含刚性边界(城市扩张不可逾越的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">生态安全底线)与弹性边界(适宜建设用</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地时序性开发与控制界线)两个层面。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">依据城市内部存量与外部扩张的“四区”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">范围，将禁建区与严格限建区的空间范</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">围划为城市开发刚性边界；以极限规模</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为约束条件，将一般限建区、适建区一</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">并划定为城市开发的“初级弹性边界”；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以现阶段发展规模预测阈值对初级弹性</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">边界进行调整，确定城市开发的“终极</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">弹性边界”。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/6Hzm0fsHuBE6GExvicjV2CHJ2hQULI1Q4Fvn0sNyibN3ZgZogpRLmsttfe38TDAfP0mBUaJRKib7wkI6nM2Ne5QYA/0?wx_fmt=gif" data-ratio="0.36923076923076925" data-w="65"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: white; font-size: 19.2px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 4px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">案例研究—哈尔滨城市开发边界<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">划定</span></p></section><section style="height: 2px; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: black;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(226, 226, 226); padding: 10px; box-shadow: rgb(226, 226, 226) 0px 16px 1px -13px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">哈尔滨位于黑龙江省南部、松花江<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">流域的中上游，是我国的特大城市之一，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">东北北部的政治、经济和文化中心，黑龙</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">江省会城市，“东北振兴”区域中心城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">之一(图3)。地理范围东经125°42′</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">～130°10′，北纬44°04′～</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">46°40′。截止到2014年，中心城区</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的城市建设用地面积约为 392km2</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">，非建</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">设用地面积约为 3795km2</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZnPLWdPnEZLiajFNxdXiaXUpM5qRWXFtKsibhuqnhjQSMAgnyMmhxsM5TA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.55625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px 0.2em; font-size: 22.4px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</p></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">哈尔滨城市规模确定</p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZQMicQF652ibpnmmxtibqqykYUF1MVaRpcwQZIiakl6T6CAwuVPwpnWfJ2A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="2.0332225913621262" data-w="301"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZfYZvWmcB3ydRMH0Hib7Hn2Tn6rbV87WgEGyMYRUsDv7LpakPZZN1bJA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.488135593220339" data-w="295"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZjPMAWbMs7LE4CKsWNiaiaEwWxGqkpEmRufgZbOiaElBQkA6F3cYG0UfOg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3277027027027026" data-w="296"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px 0.2em; font-size: 22.4px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">哈尔滨城市建设用地的再开发潜力<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">评价</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">建设用地再开发潜力评价重点关注<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">空间结构优化、用地效率提高和生态环境</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">改善等方面内容，从用地属性、区位条</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">件、经济价值、景观环境和社会价值5个</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">方面，选取地块性质、容积率、与主干道</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的距离、人口密度、绿化覆盖率及与商服</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">中心的距离等14个评价指标，构建哈尔</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">滨城市建设用地再开发潜力评价指标体系</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">(表1)。通过提取哈尔滨中心城区各宗地</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地块的用地属性、周边交通和景观环境</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">等条件，按照1～9分对各宗地的评价</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">指标进行赋值；运用德尔菲法(Delphi)、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">层次分析法(AHP)确定各指标权重，利</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用ArcGIS的空间叠加分析功能对评价</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">指标进行加权叠加计算，最终得到哈尔</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">滨建设用地再开发潜力综合指数；结合</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">规划期内哈尔滨中心城区土地再开发的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">强度与难易程度的预判，根据再开发潜</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">力综合指数的等级区间 [1，3]、[3，5]、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">[5，7] 和 [7，9]，划定哈尔滨城市建设</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用地再开发潜力分区的范围，即禁建区、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">严格限建区、一般限建区、适建区(图4)。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">其中，存量用地中适宜再开发的用地规模</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为 14.7km2</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">，占现状城市建设用地规模</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">(392km2</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">) 的 3.75%；另外，这些用地</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">作为2020年哈尔滨城市优先开发的存量</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用地，占城市发展规模增量(50.2km2</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">)</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的29.28%，缓解了传统城市外延式增长</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">对生态环境、土地资源的消耗，这也正是</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">存量规划的意义所在。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZd9TZicEtH9VAbLWcg7DRCtC22WI12Lo9iblDticibqibiaibxyklQe3zeicSGg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.446875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZzqBtu0PBM1kEfN4nwzvwYBMT0mspia1pkuYtf643vAAZF72b2A6cvRg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.7405541561712847" data-w="397"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px 0.2em; font-size: 22.4px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</p></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">哈尔滨城市非建设用地的适宜性<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">评价</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">综合考量哈尔滨非建设用地的资源<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">特征与数据的易获性，选取地形地貌、坡</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">度、土地利用类型、与水域(松花江、阿</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">什河、长岭湖等)的距离及重要生态功能</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区(呼兰河口自然保护区、太阳岛风景区、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">长岭湖风景区等)等因子，并进行定量化</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">处理，确定各因子1～5级的适宜性等级</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">( 表 2)；运用德尔菲法 (Delphi)、层次分</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">析法(AHP)确定因子权重，基于各项单</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">因子用地适宜性评价，通过多因子叠加分</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">析确定哈尔滨中心城区的非建设用地适宜</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">性等级(图5)；并结合现有生态环境、资</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">源利用、公共安全与历史文化保护等基础</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">条件，通过自然断裂点分级法划定哈尔滨</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市非建设用地的空间管控分区，即禁建</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区、严格限建区、一般限建区和适建区的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">空间范围 ( 图 6)。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZJBLcwnPSuiaymXCm7wskPJibicTseS2DkqJtYtptKmC0kxnmZjghcug7Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.4734375" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZpice5iazfDnaxcQvvzXPQQCQdicgVc1tNt5CkwzRnNudv1Hvsl4R91Rfg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.459375" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZsWmXibe8h5PZMq1EZqc7vMduXUz3BicD63OdhiaTHia8xxHW0LFDX4Yicbg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.0948275862068966" data-w="348"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226); display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0px 0.2em; font-size: 22.4px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</p></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">哈尔滨城市开发边界划定</p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">运用 ArcGIS 的空间分析功能，整合<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">叠加哈尔滨城市内部与外部的禁建区、严</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">格限建区、一般限建区与适建区；以哈尔</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">滨中心城区的极限规模(577.8km2</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">)为约</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">束条件，将禁建区和严格限建区划定为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">哈尔滨城市开发的刚性边界和“初级弹</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">性边界”；基于哈尔滨“北跃、南拓、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">中兴”的空间发展策略和“一江、两城、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">十大组团”的空间结构，以优先开发城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市内部存量用地为基本原则，利用城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">发展规模 ( 除 14.7km2</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以外)对“初级</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">弹性边界”进行微调，剔除一般限建区</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">中开发成本较高、基础设施投入大、靠</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">近松花江及阿什河的区域，这些区域主</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">要包括西南部哈尔滨太平机场周边开发</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">建设受限制的部分区域，西北部和南部</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">开发成本高、基础设施建设投入大的区</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">域，以及东南部阿城区临近阿什河的部</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">分区域；最终划定哈尔滨城市开发的“终</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">极弹性边界”( 图 7)。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgMcxu447w5bv21q38ibf9OZ3T5Ar2UMQO3oJ04GoWXW7cCLkIoiapPNZ44n7kCIdwq01Snic2AcK76A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.063768115942029" data-w="345"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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