国匠城工作台

当前：新闻编辑 | 格式化工具 | 查看本文

/h1

/h2

strong

/strong

<br />

<section style="line-height: 2; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FicKFe0wqE4eO9mgyI3Fa88oLCWniccBxv3xjb7fegv9Ngdjs0QD9ju39EAaF3rake3PEfCkTI66WCqkbTbRsrw7Q%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-ratio="0.6796875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; display: inline-block; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="display: inline-block; padding: 0.3em 0.5em; border-radius: 0.5em; font-size: 16px; color: white; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">30周年学术报告会</section></span> </section><section class="" style="border: 1px solid rgb(192, 200, 209); margin-top: -1em; padding: 20px 10px 10px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">在北规院建院30周年学术报告会上，特邀清华大学教授江亿、东南大学教授王建国、中规院院长杨保军、清华大学教授尹稚等10位专家作学术报告。我们将陆续把专家们的精彩报告推送给大家。敬请关注！</section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fjpg%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77Miab9LZIkl0nd3gXIicaAsJYo9ibWovCvmk2jQt6alw8HoULZp6EzfyBw%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Djpeg" data-ratio="0.665625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(192, 200, 209); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 20px; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">李栋</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="group-empty" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 12%; box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 88%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">清华同衡规划设计研究院技术创新中心常务副主任</section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">在北京市规划院建院30周年学术报告会上，清华同衡规划设计研究院技术创新中心常务副主任主任作了《数据时代的规划应对》学术报告，介绍了在规划转型时期，利用大数据科学高效地辅助规划与决策的重要意义及主要思路。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; float: left; width: 45%; margin-top: 0.2em; border: 1px dotted rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; float: right; width: 45%; margin-top: 0.2em; border: 1px dotted rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em; margin: auto; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style=" transform: rotate(45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg); -moz-transform: rotate(45deg); -o-transform: rotate(45deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 20px; color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">【规划变革的背景】</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1、经济发展由高速转为中高速，城镇化进入增速下降阶段。</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划变革的背景首先表现在经济增速下降。从原来的高速增长变为中高速增长，随之将会带来经济、人文、数据等各方面的影响。城镇化发展类似于生态系统的发展规律，其增长或演化都符合S曲线。从模型推算中发现城市化率到50%后增速会逐步下降，而当前中国各地的城市化率普遍超过了这个数字，未来经济赖以增长的用地红利及人口、资源红利都将面临挑战。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77U0WjIFzyVXUS9CMxm3bIyuU8DYZH1VFuCQdxuH6oo997xgmu5on5hw%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.6035502958579881" data-w="507"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2、规划的侧重点从城乡建设转向可持续发展，从空间扩张转向品质提升。</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">一方面，经济的迅猛增长，带来城市空间的过度，留下了很多粗制滥造的东西；另一方面，人类个体生活条件的改善，使人们对生活品质有了越来越高的要求。因此，城市发展需要从过去的盲目扩张向品质提升转变。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77eaOch3Cia2ib6VmOEDMaJ40PcTZ2TicmUxANXhSlap3Bw0eaI5eL2EVkw%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.5664739884393064" data-w="519"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3、从服务城乡规划拓展转向服务城乡治理；从支撑空间管控技术提升为支撑城市综合运营；从服务单一行业拓展为更广泛的产业和社会。</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市规划由过去的单一的增速考量转为追求公平和社会综合发展。过去，规划行业主要强调空间技术管控，各要素间基本是平行的、无交集的。转型后，规划行业更需服务于城乡治理、城市运营。空间政策将作为平台且与涉及到的各要素产生交集，如空间、资产等。空间平台将承载且支撑更多需求，因此规划行业具体的业务会比过去更多，会服务社会的各行各业。例如，玻璃幕墙其实与城市关系不大，但是它有很强的空间属性（空间数据、空间资产），因此，对资产在空间上的管理属性的探讨，是我们规划转型的方式和方向之一。《中央城市工作会议》精神也传达出未来城市将更加统筹的方向。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ771JfaUxVBVHlbiaIhfkcDq175XibIr7DdkCSFA1RFRVPJMoC5h04I6dLQ%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.5387323943661971" data-w="568"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77jCV3kmib4dqz7nR7SKibDKrVdtd6nPqqfzQR5bhms7UxicsFEwBRxpSiaQ%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.60546875" data-w="512"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ7704kT5PRjCiczBJaE3XCScPRTBM0cJldNjicYb1s44VARmr2w56FmHs7w%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.5174708818635607" data-w="601"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239); font-size: 20px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">【规划转型下的数据演进】</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">数据是应对规划转型、社会变革的最好切入点和支撑点，它能将城市复杂系统的复杂关系和复杂程度刻画清楚，能帮助我们了解城市发展的客观规律，最终实现五个统筹的目标。数据的演进包括三个层次：感知、测度和挖掘。我们对数据的感知功能有较普遍的了解，大量数据能揭示更多现象，但测度和挖掘更加重要，可能是在深化工作基础上发现的更值得探讨的方向。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77CVDPXJaibMCAgWIdtg7kKOcT4yQF4I68smkZSZ8P14VWGjVPAVlRMAw%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.5445134575569358" data-w="483"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1、数据感知：看的更“精细”</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">数据的感知功能使我们对城市规律有更“精细”的认知。精细区别于精致和精准，即提供更微观、更局部的情况。例如：</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">（1）中关村街道管委会人口疏解及功能改善建议的研究中，通过大数据如手机、公交卡等，研究区域内人口疏解、产业转型、活力提升等，从数据中了解住宅、人口分布特点。中关村街道中很多产业形态是以独栋楼的形式存在，因此研究将产业评估做到楼宇层面，评估每栋楼内个体企业（资本金、就业人口、面积等），分析中关村街道各写字楼经济属性（上升、增长、停滞）。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ775v30rAG8rZArxVJ30vjeEKDq7kjticFbL1lJnI0aus1WLGoNQmyNEOA%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.5398981324278438" data-w="589"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">（2）对北京市养老卡数据分析与应用案例中，以老年人为研究对象，通过老年IC卡数据掌握北京市老人的分布；研究发现北京市老年人分布与总人口分布有明显的偏差，这为规划中各类配套设施、交通布局等提供参考意见。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">（3）北京市十年（2005、2010、2015）文化产业空间布局规律的研究。结果显示朝阳与通州的文创产业逐渐连成轴线型布局。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">（4）首都功能核心区地理国情动态监测系统。通过自布硬件来采集信息，如环境传感设施、空气监测网络、行为传感设施等，得到关于人或车的行为数据。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77JL92AaibSs1dSLibT1hVEjEmMOibZcsicxlKpyRqk5R62uPRlggtZmZqyA%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.5657657657657658" data-w="555"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2、数据指标测度：看的更“合理”</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">数据收集后对其整理设计的指标测度才是更重要的。五年前指标测度固定，因为所用数据来自统计局官方，有较完整的采集、处理的口径和规则。但现在数据来源于主动收集，因此指标也需要自主设计。最关键的是设计指标的合理性，因为评价指标体系的设计体现了分析的视角和方向，其合理性决定了数据分析的效能。例如：</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">（1）上海城市体征诊断的研究中，最重要的工作是增加设计指标的可信度。将上海分成六千多个单元，每个单元里有多个来源的数据，共涉及几百个指标。城市系统本身的复杂性决定了指标设计的复杂性，复杂性即体现在人本身凭直觉或者直感没有办法把握其中的规律。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77EYPY8jGM0Imd6qeib58iaHWMLAwgGC9KTia4q4q7axPyzmWKTsPnmGmYw%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.582905982905983" data-w="585"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77zd7H9zYEAgJlYDlibHU0RzAO1rOZ07wOVGf6LBOqBxAu0gwKfQMFDRw%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.49917898193760263" data-w="609"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">（2）基于城市投资网络分析的城镇群评估。通过数据得知每个企业之间互相投资的信息，包括企业归属地、投资方向等。将这些明晰的数据归集后，通过指标评价反映2000-2015年城市间的投资网络。结果发现2000年只有几大城市之间有很强的投资网络，到2015年投资网络已经开始发散且越来越多的城市参与到投资网络中。在指标设计里，除了常规的投资量，另外增加了两个指标，从网络分析角度增加一个出度入度，将其作为一个整体网络进行刻画。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ77orN2QcNy9xBnQCyKvVtltDPpticzZ3UicsjpgR5ejiaVahNuPBkKcfRBQ%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.515625" data-w="576"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3、算法挖掘：看的更“深入”</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">算法的挖掘在未来的数据应用中是一个很大的挑战，这个挑战甚至于超过了获取数据和指标分析。分析模型计算结果的可用性在行业应用中难度较大，因为它得到的结论可能是颠覆性的。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">众所周知，传统的理论和方法很多也较成熟，包括在经济地理学、人口地理学等理论支撑下的统计分析、空间分析、概率分析等。然而数据时代已衍生出一些所谓的新理论、新方法，其本质是没有理论。有本书叫《第四范式》，讨论了在数据密集情况下如何做才科学，即在没有理论的前提下如何拿数据堆砌出一个合理的现象的说明。缺少理论的数据分析在城市规划或决策中存在很大风险。拿上海城市体征诊断为例，分析与上海年轻人分布关系较强的指标，通过随机森林模型得到的结果是外地人口比重，这个结果超出预期但也合理，上海本地老龄化严重，年轻人聚集的地方也是外地人聚集区。继续研究利用决策树模型，根据设定的指标判断每个地块的类型，层层设计，最终不断推演得知所有地块对年轻人的吸引能力。这对上海市未来城市更新或改造具有重要意义。这个就是城市规律在空间层面的的一种表达形式。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz%5Fpng%2FicKFe0wqE4ePpfFe8GPSkicD2aZ0hXbJ773hu5yMhV1BQTNjSPTxHJwgA1cticM3CB1Rn0YVQmia58K6nicCGFYtFvA%2F0%3Fwx%5Ffmt%3Dpng" data-ratio="0.5069444444444444" data-w="576"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">数据创新不容易，在摸索前进中面临的最大问题是规划行业数据应用理论的缺失，数据已经走在了应用的前面。数据大量获取已不是难题，关键是如何更加科学、合理、有效地应用。因此未来数据方向的重点在于，相关理论的支撑下，通过数据实现理解城市复杂系统的规律。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">最后，用四句话作为结语，也是与同仁们共勉：</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">——数据价值在于多远融合、充分关联；</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">——我们要善用数据、但不迷信数据，合理设计分析指标尤为关键；</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">——通过谨慎决策，客观评判算法挖掘的结果；</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">——坚持规划转型的价值观、把握规划人的初心。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section>
                    <br />