国匠城工作台

当前：新闻编辑 | 格式化工具 | 查看本文

/h1

/h2

strong

/strong

<br />

<section style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.25em; height: 2.25em; border-left: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-top: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -2.25em; margin-left: 5px; padding-top: 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" padding: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑团队</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="margin-bottom: -2.25em; margin-right: 5px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 5px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ Michele Acuto</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">翻译/ 张鹤鸣    文献/ 徐颖</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑/ 众山小    校验/ 相欣奕     排版/ 王雅桐</section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin-left: auto; width: 2.25em; height: 2.25em; border-right: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 35%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: right;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px; margin-bottom: -10px; margin-left: auto; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); border-left: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-top: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 100%; border-right: 10px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(251, 210, 107); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaicRjIP2BibHU0yEYN1shC5lnlBsd4OWgdH6PsiaOI3rDD5gg479tCC6Z0bibxTMp4HuAr0aWZbIice48w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="170"  /></section></section></section><section style="width: 0px; margin-top: -10px; margin-left: auto; border-top: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-left: 5px solid rgb(41, 194, 150); border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 65%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(182, 182, 182); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">人居III特刊 - 新城市议程</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">倾听你对城市的声音<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8Jkx7PJibDOdYvtLHCiahdmkWY45J9q9Z3h9DAwT62Fn0RU8J2Kvm9mgRgNOHH8rZG2ibia14U9V2c8g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.3328125" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); border-right: 5px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); border-top: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 100%; display: inline-block; border-top: 10px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); margin: 0px -10px; padding: 10px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(160, 160, 160); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">第三届人类住居大会（Habitat III conference）将于今年十月在厄瓜多尔首都基多市召开，联合国将在会上宣布它的新城市议程（New Urban Agenda）。在接下来几期的评论特辑中，我们展示了一些会上可能提起的话题。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文是ANTHONY M. TOWNSEND的著作《智慧城市：大数据，公民黑客，以及对新乌托邦的追寻》的书评。在这个快速城市化的星球中，智慧城市将会主导人类的文化景观，并将对我们如何生活、如何使用资源以及如何管理环境发挥重大影响。去了解城市,我们不仅需要遍布传感器的城市所产生的丰富的数据，也需要一个新的框架来理解如何把民间叙事编织融入于庞大而充满活力的城市系统中。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-left: 5px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(39, 195, 182); border-top: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; border-right: 5px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 1px 1px 5px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia89uc20dySHFLj2kRrpUfibo08Gw7ianLLyJL0xSTf8w87Rkm7hjhXQUM4CH8r3H2Qmr8FQsPiaKntdg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.3640625" data-w="640"  /> <section style="width: 100%; height: 1em; margin-top: -0.95em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 45%; height: 1em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 0px; margin: auto; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-left: 0.8em solid white; border-right: 0.8em solid white; border-top: 0.55em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 45%; height: 1em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 100%; margin-top: -1em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 10%; height: 1em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 10%; height: 1em; margin-left: 80%; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -0.6em; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(202, 198, 198); letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -5px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(133, 118, 106); font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 3px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">人居III特刊</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(160, 160, 160); letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">第十一篇：怠惰通往乌托邦</section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em; height: 2.5em; margin-bottom: -2.5em; float: right; border-right: 2px dotted rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top: 2px dotted rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="padding: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; background-color: rgb(241, 233, 222); background-image: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gjwgLa5iba6mOD8uDTK3G1Wu3lSuib9OLvwbPItia7mibKEjoaicxZPXJDx2PWO4jSec2ribWewFkgFahEpjxqTtwg1g/0?wx_fmt=gif"); background-position: 11.1111% -20.8333%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: 87.7273%; background-attachment: scroll; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 8px 0% 0px; line-height: 1; font-size: 131.2px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; border-top: 1.2em solid rgba(170, 239, 217, 0.619608); border-left: 0.7em solid transparent !important; border-right: 0.7em solid transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -150px 0% 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.3; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 206, 213, 0.619608); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">在对智慧城市的思想进行利益权衡之中</strong></span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 206, 213, 0.619608); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> Melanie Moses 追问</strong></span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 206, 213, 0.619608); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“城市为谁而变得更智慧?”</strong></span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 70%; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/64ERYwiaZS2b4OSRYSqsr5I8xqiaiabTjrIrt8A8z5ju5aGngicgJ8Vj3MjYtibGp0jGSHSn9GaqM1K0KRiaZGNft1Jw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.05625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 2.5em; height: 2.5em; margin-top: -2.5em; border-left: 2px dotted rgb(193, 193, 193); border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaicRjIP2BibHU0yEYN1shC5lnNoUSLrTBicq1yvWBRZ0cmjskfRibMMLribFUfGlgvhDhp7pa8FQxjNIeQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.48125" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(70, 69, 69); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、IBM为巴西里约热内卢设计的运营中心有助于协调城市的各项活动</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">大约有35亿人——即地球上一半的人口——如今生活在城市中。城市使人类活动的影响倍增：人类超过一半的污染、能源消耗、犯罪和疾病的传播等都归于城市；而与此同时，城市也孕育着数不胜数的创新、科技、艺术以及娱乐。为了让我们拥挤的星球有一个可持续且公正的未来，亟待对城市如何运行做出一些基础的改进。在《智慧城市》一书中，Anthony Townsend审视了信息技术如何塑造“智慧”城市的发展。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaicRjIP2BibHU0yEYN1shC5lnpMZIhMzfxkibQbR0TFBNV5yFibkyibb2NelFqSV5Q6vtQyjLaPHd98EUA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.51875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、《智慧城市：大数据、公民黑客及对新乌托邦的追寻》（2013），作者ANTHONY M. TOWNSEND</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(110, 115, 117); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">是什么成就了城市的智慧？可达且高效的服务、交通和基础设施毋庸置疑是不可或缺的。例如公共自行车项目就是典型的通过减少车行交通和污染，鼓励身体锻炼及提供低廉的交通服务来实现智慧城市的一种解决方案。借助信息技术，可依照骑行者的交通流特征调整自行车的投放，也可让他们通过智能手机查询邻近位置可供使用的自行车。但是，智慧城市的方案无法全盘照搬：自2007年巴黎首次大规模推行之后，公共自行车项目已经遍布从北京到斯德哥尔摩等许多城市，数以百千计的公共自行车被投入使用。每一个项目都需基于本地的实际需求加以调整，由此产生了许多诸如太阳能自行车站、无站式公共自行车系统以及新的汽车分享模式等创新项目。定价、资金和管理是由非营利组织、政府和日渐增多的企业构成的三方合作关系中需要确定的重要事宜（是谁为纽约市的公共自行车“Citi Bike”项目出资并不是什么秘密）。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">需明确这种共同的参与是一件好坏参半的事情。近期美国国家安全局在全球范围内监听通信系统被揭露，公众哗然一片。但是汤森警告说，市政厅和它的合作伙伴们有可能会更为严重的侵犯个人隐私中。例如，在里约热内卢，最初该被设计用于灾害管理IBM的智能操作中心，如今已经成为一个“市长任务控制中心”与“调查城市的每一个角落，全天24小时，每周7天无休工作的监视人”以减少城市犯罪，并确保公交准点运行。韩国已与思科系统公司合作，并且投入350亿美元建设“松岛国际都市”，该计划是通过遍布全城的技术运算创造一个节能城市的新模型。数以百万计的传感器嵌入道路和电网中以跟踪和预测人们的活动。汤森认为，持续关注效率一直是“城市方程中的意外”，此举会熄灭那些让城市更加富有灵动性和适应性的创新火花。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">汤森把自上而下的企业型城市管理，与自下而上由黑客和市民开展的活动进行了对比。后者提供虽然并不一定有扩展的潜力、却充满创意的技术，赋予普通民众更多的力量。汤森在许多引人瞩目的例子中举出了“Access Together”，这是一个开源的在线地图工具，为纽约的残疾人提供可达性信息。另一个例子是内罗毕，活动者们在2009年靠随身携带的GPS定位系统，将基贝拉的贫民窟一个一个的录入到地图上。二十五万人的生活突然在世人面前变得可见，而在此之前谷歌地图上这里只显示出一片森林。这种开源的地图制作是向政府要求水源、公共卫生以及其他服务的第一步。汤森指出,这才是真正的包容性，而许多打着“智能”旗号的解决方案是由特权人群开发出来，且在很大程度上是为其自身提供服务的。公共自行车对于年轻的通勤者来说非常有帮助，但是对于那些老人、残疾人或者抚养幼儿艰难谋生的家庭来说却没有带来多少益处。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">伴随这样的警告，汤森传达出一种相对谨慎的乐观主义：信息技术可能会让城市变得更聪明。但是这本书仅仅触及了一些对于数据驱动的城市如何在未来发展的基本变化。自上而下和自下而上的城市发展方法已经被民间广泛的讨论，却忽视了对于城市更加深入的分析，忽视了城市有机体的“组织复杂性”这一事实，就如同社会评论家简?雅各布斯几十年前所描述的那样。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">或许是由于失败的自上而下型城市规划的历史使得汤森去质疑对城市开展的系统和量化的分析。然而当我们在创造更多且更庞大的城市环境时，我们必须首先能够科学的理解：是什么让城市更具适应性、弹性和更为繁荣。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">在《城市的新科学（ The New Science of Cities ）》(MIT Press, 2013)一书中，规划师Michael Batty提出了一种新的方法，基于大数据模型，揭示在城市环境中个人行为的细微方面。同样重要的是，还应逐渐理解到城市是一个动态系统，被自上向下和自下向上的进程共同驱动。由Luis Bettencourt和Geoffrey West在新墨西哥州圣达菲研究所共同领导了一项宏观的城市分析。该研究揭示了城市分布和生长的规律，以及交通运输、创新进程以及经济活动随着城市规模的不同而有所差异的普遍模式。上述工作，以及我个人所开展的研究，都表明即使在不同的城市历史、政治和文化背景下，城市能源流动和信息流动都是遵循基本物理原则进行的。去了解城市,我们不仅需要遍布传感器的城市所产生的丰富的数据，也需要一个新的框架来理解如何把民间叙事编织融入于庞大而充满活力的城市系统中。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">在这个快速城市化的星球中，智慧城市将会主导人类的文化景观，并将对我们如何生活、如何使用资源以及如何管理环境发挥重大影响。城市这一复杂巨系统，需要远高于其各部分加和的智慧水平。城市，需要有除了路由器、协议和社交网络应用程序所构筑的系统之外的更多的系统。汤森引发了一场讨论，但我们需要自己去补充和发展为量化而综合的城市科学，以引导我们达成在未来智慧城市中如何成长、管理、生活及工作的认知。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 15px 0%; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 15%; padding: 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-left: 1px solid rgb(160, 160, 160); border-right: 1px solid rgb(160, 160, 160); padding: 0px 5px; color: rgb(160, 160, 160); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 1em; margin-left: 0.2em; margin-right: 0.2em; float: right; box-sizing: border-box;">资料</section><section class="" style="clear: both; line-height: 0; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 85%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(97, 182, 204); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">免费索取英文原文资料：</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">联系微信公众号 <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"></em><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">或电邮 <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Daizongliu@qq.com</em> </section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia89uc20dySHFLj2kRrpUfiboWLAaulvf6icibm5ic4Rbm3M1JrryAjiagSfyKqI9cc1EA8QPe3JlfD1YicA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.36875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia89uc20dySHFLj2kRrpUfiboYGGppLYdZeicfgzgp1Ql2Jb3Zl2fWjM4JA6iakLPRYuI7q2acgOnLmPA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.3796875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.2em; height: 2.2em; border-width: 0.12em; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(225, 224, 224); border-radius: 50%; margin: auto; padding-top: 0.5em; box-shadow: rgb(194, 190, 190) 0px 0.2em 0.2em; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 100%; margin-top: -1.7em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; margin: -0.5em auto; background-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-width: 0.1em; border-style: solid; border-color: rgba(102, 102, 102, 0.45098); border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style=" transform: rotate(45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(45deg); -moz-transform: rotate(45deg); -o-transform: rotate(45deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em; height: 2.5em; border-left: 0.1em solid rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top: 0.1em solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0.3em auto; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -2.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 3.5em; height: 0.5em; display: inline-block; margin: auto auto -1em; vertical-align: middle; background: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="margin-top: 1.3em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border-radius: 0.5em; padding: 1em; margin-top: -1.5em; border-width: 0.1em; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); width: 100%; height: auto !important;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 30%; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia89uc20dySHFLj2kRrpUfiboGIcRgn05ia7bVPS6U08wApfR8vpLLP879TJOj55uzLj8hSLBdVj5iaRA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1.0234375" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 70%; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia89uc20dySHFLj2kRrpUfibonwgyibIU5P6T2sPjqoo5UE8Wzj3nl4ia6Xs6HwzSZNzkRpZySHpcgj3Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.91875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">「 欢迎投稿 」</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">我们作为专业志愿者团体，秉承理想，帮助中国可持续发展。并为之贡献：理念与传播、培训与教育、实践与孵化。欢迎您加入我们一起并肩前行！</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">2014-2016 ? 转载请注明：<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  />源自公众号“”</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia89uc20dySHFLj2kRrpUfibo4rLib6GNgVxabnPrBY74VEeOHiagN1ia4r0JCt6EyW7oJNaPQkacBocVA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.4125" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section>
                    <br />