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<section style="background-color: white; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; padding: 1em 10px; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); background-image: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9L5Xv5dx5NzsTZoNj8uCx92bClhecAVD1qzPtqgQFAiaibZCD8B4HyqgDGwdzWNiaqWhGQmbRpDfwBQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: 100%; background-attachment: scroll; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 10.5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">     编辑团队</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; border-color: black; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 1.4; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">    采访/ 扬.盖尔  薛露露 (世界资源研究所)</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">    翻译/ 李威、薛露露、蒋慧 (世界资源研究所)<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">    拍摄/ 冯婧（澎湃新闻）</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="group-empty" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; line-height: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"> </section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="float: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 0px; width: 60%; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxpU0Tj2NgnOf1EY1LbJLDQ9VMYvRaz1qBnDfQNxGXIosuRcKD7PajnA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="170"  /></section></section></section><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">采访者萌像&导读：</strong></span></section><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;">导语：<span style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;">丹麦建筑师扬·盖尔是城市公共空间设计领域的领军人物。50多年来盖尔及其事务所致力于设计更人性化的街道和公共空间，并以此提升城市的生活品质。其理念倡导城市出行应聚焦于非机动交通及公共交通，城市空间和形象应服务于人而非机动车。如今其所倡导的“人性化的城市”正被世界上越来越多的城市所接纳。2016年8月24日，世界资源研究所(WRI)携手澎湃新闻市政厅在丹麦哥本哈根采访了扬·盖尔先生，探讨了人性化理念在公交都市实践过程中遇到的问题及他本人的思考。同时本文最后还提供了本次采访的中英双语视频在线首发。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><p style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia8Jkx7PJibDOdYvtLHCiahdmkWY45J9q9Z3h9DAwT62Fn0RU8J2Kvm9mgRgNOHH8rZG2ibia14U9V2c8g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.3328125" data-w="640"  /></p><p style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><br  /></p></section></section><section class="" style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(202, 198, 198); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(202, 198, 198); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 59%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -10px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(237, 149, 22); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">WRI PRODUCT<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 17.5px; color: rgb(237, 171, 35); letter-spacing: 2px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">世界资源研究所出品</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(202, 198, 198); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(202, 198, 198); height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxVgtNkuR8AHMFicngYvQxTtyFBeto7kOK3PbEtaCianIlcPTHbctptAAw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.5640625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); font-size: 16.8px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 10px 10px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="display: inline-block; animation: emp_twisterInUp 1.5s ease-in-out 0s 1 normal both paused; width: 5%; line-height: 0.8; font-weight: bolder; font-size: 38.3999px; box-sizing: border-box;" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">“</section></span> <section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; float: right; width: 90%; animation: ent_moveInRight 1.5s ease-in-out 0s 1 normal both paused; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 16.8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">  公交都市“大师谈”: </strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="text-align: right; line-height: 24px; box-sizing: border-box;">                     </strong><strong style="color: rgb(226, 165, 119); text-align: right; line-height: 1.5; box-sizing: border-box;">对话扬.盖尔。</strong></section></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 25px 0% 15px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 3px; border-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); border-right-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0% 10px; transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 0.1em 0.3em; background-color: rgb(45, 44, 47); color: white; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">公交都市“大师谈”系列</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">在出行共享经济、虚拟现实等新技术、新理念日新月异的当下，城市居民的工作、生活、娱乐与出行式也在悄然发生变化。全球城市与交通规划、政策制定与城市治理也随之经历重新审视与渐变。这些变化既涵盖地区性政策如公共空间与街道设计，也涉及全球性议题如“人居III”（Habitat III）。然而，无论技术、思潮与政策如何演化，关注普通人日常生活与未来抱负，而不被少数城市治理者、开发商及投资者所主导，仍是当今国际城市与交通规划圈所倡导的主流。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">为了分享当今国际城市与交通规划的新趋势，近距离与国际专家接触与交流，世界资源研究所此次打造“类TED Talk”采访系列。此篇为系列开篇，节选了世界资源研究所与市政厅于8月24日在丹麦哥本哈根对扬·盖尔先生的专访。</section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxsS2ZnbI9WHszEn1oJxVBKQtZYG1wCRiawUIABFIoA58v1uWyj4yhUWw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.6660682226211849" data-w="557"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">扬·盖尔，图片来自GEHL</strong></em></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   top: 26.09%; right: -131.18%; box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 25px 0% 15px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 3px; border-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); border-right-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0% 10px; transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 0.1em 0.3em; background-color: rgb(45, 44, 47); color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">街道人性化回归的领军人物</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">2009年，纽约时代广场将长期被机动车占领的街道归还给行人及骑行者。改造后的步行街道与公共空间，不仅为曾经被迫挤在狭窄人行道上的行人提供了充足空间，而且提供了购物、午餐、闲聊的机会。纽约也一举成为步行化与自行车改造的标杆，以及伦敦、悉尼、莫斯科等国际大城市争相效仿的对象。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">上一次纽约如此引领城市规划的潮流，还是在50年前，当时简·雅各布斯以一本在城市规划领域影响深远的《美国大城市的生与死》，成功地抵制了纽约市政府在曼哈顿修建横穿城市的下城高速路（Lower Manhattan Expressway）计划，不仅完整保留了曼哈顿多元的建筑与历史沉淀，更是在北美与欧洲掀起了一场“反对城市高速路”运动。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">此次，纽约这场街道“人性化”运动的重要推手，除时任纽约交通局局长Janette Sadik-Khan之外，也包括丹麦著名规划与建筑师扬·盖尔。在摩天高楼与宽敞街道已成为现代化代名词的今天，扬·盖尔却以“人性化”视角，将城市建设者的视线拉回到经常被忽略的城市街道与公共空间。与简·雅各布斯所不同，扬·盖尔更致力于与城市领导者进行直接面对面的沟通。在过去几十年里，他参与成功推动哥本哈根老城区、纽约时代广场、伊斯坦布尔、伦敦、悉尼、西雅图、新加坡等城市的街道与公共空间改造。2007年，他在与时任纽约市长布隆伯格午餐时，布隆伯格市长表达了他对自行车骑车人群的强烈不满：他说，我最讨厌自行车，这些骑自行车的人总是违章，总是横冲直撞。但是，这位市长的个人喜好，还是向这座城市发展的必然所妥协。纽约于2009年拉启了城市街道公共空间“人性化”回归的大幕。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxlb9Y07r1Q2mo9yXIhziaIEJjZfMmtZpzeLiaJorsV1FlzDtLibXaVnXbg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">纽约时代广场改造，图片来自Pinterest</strong></em></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: right; margin: 10px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; float: right; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXa3sY0oEiaV7ecj9icib0q9EHOZpAVltx17dYOvZcskibmtUK12crvJZro7w/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.078125" data-w="640"  /> <section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; background-image: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXathIMpuHF6oUyFzU14rFqFiaicrmjgOibwKAXzYf7pPbMIgtPzhQgcIokg/0?wx_fmt=png"); background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: 100%; background-attachment: scroll; padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(237, 149, 22); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">世界资源研究所：</strong></span>关于人性化公共空间的普适性，很多人会担心，借鉴哥本哈根或纽约的经验，可能在自己的国家会行不通。例如，中国城市人口与行政区面积都比西方城市大，同样政策或理念执行困难度都很大。此外，在快速机动化的大背景下，开车族的抵制也是主要潜在问题。您是如何说服众多城市的市长的？</section></section></section></section></section><img style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: -0.2em; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXa7HysVZyEW9r4eeAJJdxcwQjHP06QXPLavIuebVqNictnoiahxDl55wCg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.065625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxeXsiaIZTWeBNrjXiaF9NV8XY3vkyDujuUXIW39RsyLq6JtQI94kpxtcw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.565625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 25px 0% 15px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 3px; border-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); border-right-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0% 10px; transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 0.1em 0.3em; background-color: rgb(45, 44, 47); color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">构建人性化的城市，没有特例</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">连莫斯科都在改变</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(239, 99, 136); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">扬.盖尔：</strong></span>我与国际许多城市（的市长）合作了30年。所有城市一开始都说：“（你说的这些“以人为本”的街道与公共空间）观点非常好，但在我们这里行不通；因为我们的情况与你们国家不同。澳大利亚、莫斯科都说自己（与哥本哈根）不一样。特别是纽约，我记得他们说，‘好吧，你们这些有趣的欧洲观点很好；但在这里永远行不通。这里是纽约，大苹果。我们每天24小时都醒着，你们的观点在这里行不通’。”</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">等到（这些城市）他们真正行动起来，就会发现这种（“以人为本”的街道与公共空间）理念也能（在他们的国家）运作地非常好。之后，他们就想不起来，当时到底是谁说了“这些都行不通”的话了。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">因为，无论文化与国情有多不同，我们归根结底都是“人”。</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">在过去，我们（城市规划）被交通工程师所误导，认为行人就应该像老鼠一样沿着建筑边缘行走，而道路中心大部分区域就应该留给汽车。但是，我看到许多地方这种思维模式正发生变化，其中就包括莫斯科。莫斯科人口有1500万-1800万人，如果说中国城市发生转变有难度，那就看看莫斯科吧。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">另一个有关开车群体的问题。我看到人们对汽车非常痴迷。这在汽车工业发达的城市和国家尤为如此。但是，这些国家的有钱人会希望阻止让自己的城市变得更好吗？试想如果小汽车使用率持续上升，中国在20年后会是怎样情景？因此，中国面临着与其他国家同样的问题，即人们开车时间太多、坐的时间太长（缺乏锻炼），造成很多健康问题。这些都是短视的表现。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">现在许多有车一族，包括我，都选择不开车了。为什么要开车呢？城市出行如此简单；我们可以选择骑车、乘坐公交，这些通常都比开车快。所以，随着时间推移，越来愈多的人们会觉得汽车不再新鲜，对它不再狂热。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">即便是莫斯科，人们也开始转向（绿色）出行方式。莫斯科人在上世纪80年代后对汽车非常狂热，特别是在1990年以后，东欧到处都是汽车。25年过去了，莫斯科已被汽车吞没。这促使人们开始反思：莫斯科以前不是一座很美的城市吗？现在的莫斯科还是我们可以引以为傲的首都吗？于是，俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫提出：我们不能接受一个无法激发起人们自豪感的首都，也无法接受一个无法让俄罗斯人民为国家文明感到自豪的首都。所以总统梅德韦杰夫决定发起让俄罗斯城市变得更人性化的运动，提高城市生活质量。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">如今，世界上40个大城市的市长加入了C40组织（现在更像C80），试图通过C40这个城市联盟，相互比较与督促，减少温室气体排放。少数中国城市也加入了C40。这些城市可以相互比较减排措施以及这些措施的效果。目前，C40已经超出了对联盟城市的排名比较，而成为全球推动气候行动的推手。这些事情不仅关系到我们如何对待地球，如何对待气候和健康，以及关系到城市希望与市民间建立什么样的关系。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">这些都是非常人性化的需求。因为在整个人类发展中，（当我们年轻时），我们在街道上碰面、交谈与玩耍。当我们老了，就倾向于在房子前休憩。我们（这个社会）正在向老龄化转变，所以（更多人们会）希望多走动：我的医生就告诫我要多步行。所以，现在我每天口袋里都放着计步器。今天走的不多，还不到一万步。当城市老年人口比重较大时，人性化的城市就越重要。（在这样的城市里），人们可以散步、遛狗以及做任何事情。这时，城市的发展模式也会产生变化：城市不再以车为本，也不再追求时尚的单栋大型住宅，而是追求宜居性、高生活质量、可持续发展和健康。</section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxkpj5PAgcCtefbOl94ksAziaS7q2oBvSUIKSCn9xgC0ofBDffI5icOgBg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.9114391143911439" data-w="271"  /></section></section></section><section class="" style=" transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: -6em; margin-left: 1em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 4.5em; height: 4.5em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgba(214, 233, 202, 0.498039); font-size: 25.2px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.2; padding: 1.1em 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">2011年</section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="text-align: right; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style=" transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-bottom: -6.2em; margin-top: -3.5em; margin-right: 1em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 4.5em; height: 4.5em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgba(226, 202, 233, 0.74902); font-size: 25.2px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.2; padding: 1.1em 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">2013年</section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkx4vZEtVkN3NnYfMYUmMK9FpgoRpBiaYxzibNGZAAGqj7QjYp9VjaUzXDw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.915129151291513" data-w="271"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">莫斯科商业街道2011年与2013变化，图片来自GEHL</strong></em></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: right; margin: 10px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; float: right; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXa3sY0oEiaV7ecj9icib0q9EHOZpAVltx17dYOvZcskibmtUK12crvJZro7w/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.078125" data-w="640"  /> <section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; background-image: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXathIMpuHF6oUyFzU14rFqFiaicrmjgOibwKAXzYf7pPbMIgtPzhQgcIokg/0?wx_fmt=png"); background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: 100%; background-attachment: scroll; padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(237, 149, 22); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">世界资源研究所：</strong></span>一些已经所谓“病入膏肓”的城市，由于交通问题突出而发展路径已“锁定(locked in)”，他们的城市交通问题看似已无法逆转了。对于这些城市，是否仍存在向“人性化”迈进的可能？</section></section></section></section></section><img style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: -0.2em; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXa7HysVZyEW9r4eeAJJdxcwQjHP06QXPLavIuebVqNictnoiahxDl55wCg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.065625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxEYvlvpbDPVaaA9TXla62N3ZJQKWRElLFp6o8wiaBJHmBPNmMDVoMABg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.55625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 25px 0% 15px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 3px; border-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); border-right-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0% 10px; transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 0.1em 0.3em; background-color: rgb(45, 44, 47); color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">采取措施，任何时候都为时不晚</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(239, 99, 136); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box;">扬.盖尔：</span></strong></span>那我们就只能坐以待毙了？（你说的病入膏肓的情况是）美国洛杉矶，他们过去城市交通问题严重到交通带来城市空气质量问题，甚至引起严重的健康风险。为了解决交通问题，他们开始修建地铁以及其他解决措施。这就是说，当人们的生活质量受到严重威胁时，就需要开始采取措施。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">机动化方式的交通出行方式（这里指小汽车）方式是落后的。它在100年前有益于（美国）西部旷野地区发展。但它对大城市没有任何好处。例如，这种出行方式在香港、新加坡都是行不通的。在墨西哥城、北京、上海也难以发挥作用。在墨西哥城，人均通勤时间是每天四小时，相当于一个人生命的八分之一。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">小汽车的机动化交通当然不聪明的出行模式；其实，人类可以更聪明。小汽车出行方式只是旧模式和旧技术的延续。而许多城市正努力（摒弃小汽车为主的模式）发展公交交通与更美好的社区。我合作过的城市之一是新加坡。作为一个岛国，新加坡仍然有很多汽车，而且尽管他们希望未来人口能够从500万增长到800万，但是（由于国土面积的局限）新加坡不能修建更多的道路。因此，他们不能依靠落后的技术（即小汽车）运载更多出行乘客。所以，他们只能在有限的国土面积上，投入紧凑集约的公交系统。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">而我们可以（在此基础上）建立自行车与步行友好的社区，方便人们骑车或步行。我们正帮助新加坡制定自行车战略。我（最初）认为，新加坡是世界上最不适合骑车的地方，因为天气炎热，但新加坡说必须这样做。后来，我们发现，在新加坡自行车的用途非常特别。对新加坡人而言，自行车不是用来通勤的，不是骑（长距离）8公里。而是作为轨道最后一公里衔接，骑2公里到轨道车站或市场，再骑2公里回来。然后，通过换乘公交，到达目的地。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">现在的新加坡不幸地结合了洛杉矶和汽车时代的特点。很小的学童（上学时）必须坐在汽车里，行驶在高40米的城市高速路上，从高处穿越城市社区街道。当然，（由于街道上车速快）孩子们在过街时，会非常危险。新加坡把很多街道规划为城市高速路，而这些道路（如果规划好）原本可以作为普通城市街道，这样一来，（可以在这些街道布设自行车道），通过自行车作为最后一公里方式衔接地铁，（使公交出行）变得非常方便。这也是我们对新加坡的建议。新加坡堵车超过40公里，这是不明智的，因为还汽车没有加速，就（被堵在路上了）。</section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxdiaqUYXFxWZZErQhZIIvuvI9XoQ125RR8ic0LLo6uaNUHJ3KjKPSf49g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.7759856630824373" data-w="558"  /></section></section></section><section class="" style=" transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: -6em; margin-left: 1em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 4.5em; height: 4.5em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgba(214, 233, 202, 0.498039); font-size: 25.2px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.2; padding: 1.1em 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">自行车</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划</section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="text-align: right; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style=" transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-bottom: -6.2em; margin-top: -3.5em; margin-right: 1em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 4.5em; height: 4.5em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgba(226, 202, 233, 0.74902); font-size: 25.2px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.2; padding: 1.1em 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">自行车</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">设施</section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkx9IIh7w1YzoGQh4iaWkkCiaibASVrnhiborylvwS6g9Lh6eXhHOZ90pibMnQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.6707920792079208" data-w="404"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">根据新加坡自行车规划，新加坡自行车道里程将由现在的230公里提升至700公里。下图为最新规划的Sembawang路段自行车过街设施（midblock crossing）。图片来源新加坡陆路交通局</strong></em></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: right; margin: 10px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; float: right; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXa3sY0oEiaV7ecj9icib0q9EHOZpAVltx17dYOvZcskibmtUK12crvJZro7w/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.078125" data-w="640"  /> <section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; background-image: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXathIMpuHF6oUyFzU14rFqFiaicrmjgOibwKAXzYf7pPbMIgtPzhQgcIokg/0?wx_fmt=png"); background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: 100%; background-attachment: scroll; padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(237, 149, 22); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">世界资源研究所：</strong></span>说到新旧技术，一些人认为新技术、新理念（例如IT技术）的涌现会使得人们面对面的互动需求变得次要。这样一来，街道与公共空间的重要作用将不再。您如何看待新技术对公共空间带来的影响？</section></section></section></section></section><img style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: -0.2em; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXa7HysVZyEW9r4eeAJJdxcwQjHP06QXPLavIuebVqNictnoiahxDl55wCg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.065625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxUcLszdsbe6kClR6p98pn689zIJ1ztH17QbPayUw1H6Xs9sx9XgpQtw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.5640625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 25px 0% 15px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 3px; border-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); border-right-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0% 10px; transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 0.1em 0.3em; background-color: rgb(45, 44, 47); color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">无论时代如何更新</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">不应摒弃“人性化”的精髓</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(239, 99, 136); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box;">扬.盖尔：</span></strong></span>我不知道这些新技术是否相关。很有意思的是，尽管过去30年科学技术得到了发展，但公共生活也在不断增加。只要不坐在屋子里，你就会走出来，接触许多人，使用公共空间。公共生活比10年或20年之前更多。有人说，网络空间将会让公共空间变得多余，但假设一下，如果所有人都拿着iPhone手机，把他们送到撒哈拉沙漠，坐在那里整整20年与iPhone手机交谈。你会快乐吗？</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">我想人们应该意识到，人类的生存环境不仅仅只有技术这一层。你可以从讨论中体会到，我内心相信所有的出行、公共空间和城市都与“人”相关，（这包括）我们是谁，我们的身体如何进化来的，我们的出行系统如何组织，我们的感官如何组织，我们在空间中的行为，我们读书、亲吻和争吵的方式……这些都是（我们作为人类）几百万年的进化过程的一部分。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">我也遇到到某些人说，所有你说的东西都过时了，现在是一个全新的开始、全新的人，一切都不一样了，一个新世界被创造了。但是，我用了50年时间把他们的这些观点推翻，证明他们错了。不要再在iPhone手机上重蹈覆辙。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">现在出现了许多有趣的电子科技产品。很多人谈论智慧城市。当然城市在有些方面可以更加智慧。但很多时候是推销理念，把有趣的噱头卖给所有个人。现在人们讨论自动驾驶汽车，过度推崇自动驾驶技术这种新技术，（试图通过商业宣传造势等，开拓自动驾驶汽车的市场），然后就能把数十亿美元的车卖出去，如果我们相信自动驾驶就是智慧的话。还有很多其他更昂贵的噱头，会消耗更多的资源和能源。我们总能看到人类为新技术、新噱头和新玩物而痴狂。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">但是我强烈认为，我们人类这个物种是有一些基本共性的，我们看到中国的老城和哥本哈根的老城完全一样，因为它们都是直接为人类修建的。我们真正需要的是“为人”修建的城市。直到后来人类历史上，才开始出现高层建筑和其他东西。哥本哈根很多房价最高的地段都在老城区，这些地方是以尊重人类为前提而建造的。新城区住的人少，除了被安置的难民，而普通居民都离开了。</section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxNb8sWd2kIwgVtWHiceL98TJKYDUxkXzfuBEF2UBTdrib2ybwC2ITeYtQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.5657370517928287" data-w="502"  /></section></section></section><section class="" style=" transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: -6em; margin-left: 1em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 4.5em; height: 4.5em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgba(214, 233, 202, 0.498039); font-size: 25.2px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.2; padding: 1.1em 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">哥本</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">哈根</section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="text-align: right; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style=" transform: rotate(0deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); -moz-transform: rotate(0deg); -o-transform: rotate(0deg); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-bottom: -6.2em; margin-top: -3.5em; margin-right: 1em;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 4.5em; height: 4.5em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgba(226, 202, 233, 0.74902); font-size: 25.2px; text-align: center; line-height: 1.2; padding: 1.1em 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">迪拜</section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxrCvKS0iblkEia1Q2d2mlxyic1B84bCDwZLJBW5KvhfupMCQaNsvsVo7ug/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.6693069306930693" data-w="505"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">哥本哈根“人性化”历史街区与迪拜“以车为本”街道，图片来自 Landscape institute/Airlinereporter</strong></em></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: right; margin: 10px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; float: right; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXa3sY0oEiaV7ecj9icib0q9EHOZpAVltx17dYOvZcskibmtUK12crvJZro7w/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.078125" data-w="640"  /> <section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; background-image: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXathIMpuHF6oUyFzU14rFqFiaicrmjgOibwKAXzYf7pPbMIgtPzhQgcIokg/0?wx_fmt=png"); background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: 100%; background-attachment: scroll; padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(237, 149, 22); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">世界资源研究所：</strong></span>您似乎非常反对新城。作为城镇化进程的必然产物，新城在中国等发达与发展中国家仍被视为解决城市住房、交通等问题的重要手段。您认为当今新城建设的主要问题在哪？</section></section></section></section></section><img style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: -0.2em; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/2Zw61gO2lFmYbQnpVuDAQic9Am6EsJxXa7HysVZyEW9r4eeAJJdxcwQjHP06QXPLavIuebVqNictnoiahxDl55wCg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.065625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 25px 0% 15px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 3px; border-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); border-right-color: rgb(13, 0, 21); padding: 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px 0% 10px; transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: transparent; padding: 0.1em 0.3em; background-color: rgb(45, 44, 47); color: white; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">中国的新城更像是为直升机上俯瞰而修建的</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 20px 0% 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(239, 99, 136); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">扬.盖尔：</strong></span>是的，这里（哥本哈根）的人们也为新城所疯狂。因为人们原来没有地方住，突然建起许多房屋，可以有一间有自来水和完善厕所的公寓，是让欢欣鼓舞的事情。但是，如果新城缺乏生活质量，住上20或30年后，你会开始怀疑这是人类最好的居住环境与生活方式吗？当然有人说住在胡同里更好；也有人说新城是快速建造大批建筑的唯一方法。很多人很高兴是因为他们住上了新公寓，有了新开始。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">但是我们看到的是，现代化的规划在任何地方都不起作用。哥本哈根和瑞典所有问题重重的住宅区，都源于现代主义的规划方式，看起来就像中国的新城一样。可能中国人口在世界最多，新城建设暂时解决了居住问题，但以后又会（因为新城规划缺乏“人性化”考量而）产生新的问题。因为在这些地方，人与人之间的基本沟通交流会变得非常困难，而且公共空间（与街道）质量普遍很差。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">我在中国时，对广告拍了很多照片。我看到这些广告的效果图里，有很多开敞式（缺乏围合）的大公园。我在想，人们到底要怎么用这些公园？这些地方不是为人修建的，而是为直升机飞行员（从高处俯瞰城市）修建的。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">（采访：薛露露，翻译：李威、薛露露、蒋慧，视频拍摄：冯婧）</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 6px; border-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(239, 99, 136); border-right-color: rgb(239, 99, 136); padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 70%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0% 0px; font-size: 12.6px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">公交都市“大师谈”: 对话扬.盖尔</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">中英文双语字幕版完整视频<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 30%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; box-shadow: rgb(128, 128, 128) -4px 0px 3px; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxEYvlvpbDPVaaA9TXla62N3ZJQKWRElLFp6o8wiaBJHmBPNmMDVoMABg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.55625" data-w="640"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><iframe class="video_iframe" data-vidtype="1" style="   z-index:1; " height="375" width="500" frameborder="0" src="https://v.qq.com/iframe/preview.html?vid=i03368elzk9&width=500&height=375&auto=0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe><br  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/FoGqm1OoYOzCcrStCnY88aNwaF3Eibs4CbEkxTLicicWVLWwIiaMicPUk9pSYdtCg7y99QxS00nzCPkY1WbgEegeE9Q/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.0828125" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(239, 99, 136); box-sizing: border-box;"> 更 多 访 谈 </span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(239, 99, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">请 看 下 集 </span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 85%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(97, 182, 204); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">转载本文：</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">联系微信公众号 <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"></em><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">或电邮 <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Daizongliu@qq.com </em></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">我们作为专业志愿者团体，秉承理想，帮助中国可持续发展。并为之贡献：理念与传播、培训与教育、实践与孵化。欢迎您加入我们一起并肩前行！</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">2014-2016 ? 转载请注明：<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  />源自公众号“”</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9vNlrw6S9fiasDmshbyUbkxQ3CpuNm9oRIJiaDtAIbZcYFz0vBRYFPAPYOOMeznsIpT6Mhkjo4fY4w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.7078125" data-w="640"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section>
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