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<section style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 4em; height: 4em; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-image: url(http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgOVJ3RwgdtC4IPOmfe7PLKkeddY0Ut3k7gEwqWic1lqaQgcfNgQcqD5DOVDRlaP7jwsGvq156Ef8g/0?wx_fmt=png); background-size: cover; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; opacity: 0; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgOVJ3RwgdtC4IPOmfe7PLKkeddY0Ut3k7gEwqWic1lqaQgcfNgQcqD5DOVDRlaP7jwsGvq156Ef8g/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.9409090909090909" data-w="220"  /></section></section><section style="width: 100%; margin-left: 1.2em; margin-top: -1.2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; height: 2em; margin-left: 1em; border-bottom-left-radius: 1em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); border-bottom-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); max-width: 85% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="margin-left: 1.5em; line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 0.5em; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(95, 156, 239); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">点击蓝字快速关注规划师杂志</section></section></section><section style="float: left; width: 5%; margin-left: -1px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 6px; height: 6px; margin-top: 1.82em; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(104, 175, 201);"></section></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="padding: 0px 9px; margin: -9px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; padding: 15px; border-left-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); border-right-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇是在新常态下，浙江省在全国率先提出的城镇重大发展战略，是破解浙江省发展瓶颈和实现转型升级的重<span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">要途径。作者</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">浙江工业大学建工学院副教授、硕士生导师、城乡规划学科负责人吴一洲</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">，浙江工业大学建工学院教授、执行院长、硕士生导师，小城镇城市化协同创新中心主任，浙江省城市规划学会</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇学术委员会主任委员</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">陈前虎</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">，浙江工业大学人居环境规划与设计方向硕士研究生</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">郑晓虹在《规划师》2016年第7期撰文，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">在分析特色小镇的内涵和特征的基础上，文章采用理论解析和专家咨询的方法，提出了主观和客观、定性与定量相结</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">合的指标体系。指标体系呈钻石多边形结构，由基本信息、发展绩效和特色水平3个维度构成。评价的方法则采用多边形图示</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">法，实现对各特色小镇的分项指标和综合指标的详细评价与对比，旨在为新常态下浙江省特色小镇的建设及全国其他地域的城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">镇可持续发展提供借鉴。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 100%; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; line-height: 1;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; border-top-width: 1.2em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); border-left-width: 0.7em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 0.7em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="display: block; padding: 0.3em 0.5em; border-radius: 0.8em 0.8em 0px 0px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(104, 175, 201);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇的内涵、特征与发展<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">理念</span></section></span> </section><section class="" style="border: 1px solid rgb(104, 175, 201); border-radius: 0px 0px 0.8em 0.8em; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇并不是一个行政意义上的<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城镇，而是一个大城市内部或周边的，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">在空间上相对独立发展的，具有特色产</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">业导向、景观旅游和居住生活功能的项</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">目集合体。特色小镇既可以是大都市周</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">边的小城镇，又可以是较大的村庄，还</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">可以是城市内部相对独立的区块和街区，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">其中部分服务功能可以和城市共享。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇的核心是特色产业，一般<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">是新兴产业，如私募基金、互联网金融、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">创意设计、大数据和云计算、健康服务</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">业，或其他智力密集型产业。特色小镇</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">也是一个宜居宜业的大社区，既有现代</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">化的办公环境，又有宜人的自然生态环</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">境、丰富的人性化交流空间和高品质的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">公共服务设施。特色小镇建设将秉持“政</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">府引导、企业主体、市场化运作”的原则，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">将占地面积控制在1～3km</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">2</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的范围内，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">打造一个高度产城融合的空间，并体现</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">其特有的地域文化。同时，特色小镇建</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">设要达到 AAA 级以上景区标准，休闲旅</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">游类小镇须以AAAAA级景区标准作为</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">建设硬指标</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">。总之，特色小镇是按创新、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">结合自身特质，找准产业定位，科学规划，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">挖掘产业特色、人文底蕴和生态禀赋，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">“产、城、人、文”四位一体、有机结</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">合的重要功能平台。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">在具体规划建设中，特色小镇的发<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">展秉持四大发展理念：产业定位摒弃“大</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">而全”，力求“特而强”，避免同质竞争，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">错位发展，保证独特个性；功能体系摒</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">弃“散而弱”，力求“聚而合”，重在</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">功能融合，营造宜居宜业的特色小镇；</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城镇形态摒弃“大而广”，力求“精而</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">美”，形成“一镇一风格”，多维展示</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">地域文化特色；制度设计摒弃“老而僵”，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">力求“活而新”，将其定位为综合改革</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">试验区，“特色小镇”优先作为政策试</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">点示范基地，把握政策先试先行机遇，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">体现制度供给的“个性化”。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="display: inline-block; padding: 0.3em 0.5em; border-radius: 0.5em; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(104, 175, 201);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇发展水平评估框架构建</section></span> </section><section class="" style="border: 1px solid rgb(160, 160, 160); margin-top: -1em; padding: 20px 10px 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">从特色小镇的内涵出发，将其发展<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">水平评估体系分为4个维度，分别为产</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">业维度、功能维度、形态维度和制度维</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">度；将发展理念和内涵进行交叉构建，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">得到评估框架 ( 图 1)。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)产业维度，特色小镇的产业应具<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">有一定的创新性和特色性，并且能和周</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">边产业或者自身形成一定长度的产业链，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">发展绿色低碳型产业，产业的经济开放</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">性和生产效率较高。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)功能维度，特色小镇的功能应具<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">有一定的集聚度及和谐度，经济、社会</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">和生态等各功能之间协调发展，功能结</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">构合理，公共服务功能均等化程度较高。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)形态维度，特色小镇就是要全面<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">体现“特色”，除了特色产业以外，在</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">空间上也要体现明显的特色，建筑、开</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">放空间、街道、绿化景观和整体环境都</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">要体现相应的特色，具有较为统一和鲜</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">明的风貌特征，城乡空间形态和环境质</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">量协调发展，投资的空间环境品质较好。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(4)制度维度，特色小镇在一定意义<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">上也是一个特殊政策区，应围绕特色小</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">镇的发展目标，建立起与其发展相适应，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">设计能激励相应产业、资金和人才进驻</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的制度，以及保障特色小镇可持续发展</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的环境治理和收益共享的机制。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayMnT7HVDK9OQNialdhiaicdbCHviaJDtyc17mQWagJ8EFHxKmZMuh2f3HTDp7wPCicLqJgmhrPXmN0Pg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.4875" data-w="640"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="display: inline-block; padding: 0.3em 0.5em; border-radius: 0.5em; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(104, 175, 201);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇发展水平评估指标的</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">选取<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">与体系建构</span></section></span> </section><section class="" style="border: 1px solid rgb(160, 160, 160); margin-top: -1em; padding: 20px 10px 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇发展水平评估指标体系是<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">综合运用城乡规划学、城市经济学、产</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">业经济学、环境科学、生态学、公共政</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">策理论和系统科学等基础理论，通过数</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">据统计的分析方法，进而反映特色小镇</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">发展综合水平的一整套指标体系。特色</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">小镇发展水平评估指标体系应准确体现</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇的特点，形成一个有机的评估</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">系统，在选取评价指标时应遵循下列</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">原则：</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)典型代表性原则，从各维度选取<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的指标应为特色小镇评价目标服务，立</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">足于特色小镇的本质内涵，能够全面科</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">学地反映出特色小镇的综合发展水平。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)系统全面性原则，所选取的指标<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">应涵盖经济发展、社会公平和生态环境</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">等各个维度，不应片面强调经济效益和</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">规模，还应注重环境风貌和生态可持续</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">发展等。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)相对独立性原则，指标的选取应<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">相对独立且不相关，不能互为解释，从</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">而确保最终评价结果的全面性和科学性。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(4)共性和个性相结合原则，评价体<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">系既包含共性指标，具有可比性，便于</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">指标比较，又包括个性(特色)指标，可</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">以反映“特色”建设进展和成效。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(5)可操作性原则，所选取的指标应<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">数据明确，且有一致的统计口径，可较</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">为简便地获取，同时也可以量化和对比。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(6)动态适应性原则，由于特色小镇<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">因时因地而不同，所选取的指标无论在</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">指标维度、指标权重和具体指标选择等</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">方面都应具有动态性，以期能根据新的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">发展形势和背景进行适应性调整。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(7)以人为核心原则，整个指标体系<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">最终虽然是定量的综合评分，但在具体</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">指标设计中，应同时考虑主客观相结合</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的模式，将特色小镇的使用者、经营者、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">管理者和旅游者等微观主体的主观感受</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">和体验也纳入到指标体系中。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">指标筛选先经过专家咨询进行推荐，<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">在每个维度选取具有典型性的指标，对</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇的产业、功能、形态和制度的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">相应规模、结构、状态与效率等动态趋</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">势等进行科学评价和综合评估，全面反</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">映特色小镇各子维度和总的综合发展水</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">平。在选择具体指标时，高于50%的专</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">家认为该指标不重要，则淘汰该指标；</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">统一归并相关性强的指标或者选择相对</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">容易获取的指标；根据3轮专家咨询后</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的综合结果，采纳 80% 以上的专家认同</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的指标，形成最后的指标体系。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">在参考已有学者的相关研究后<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">，将</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">本指标体系分为特色小镇基本信息、发</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">展绩效和特色水平三部分，形成“1+4+N”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的指标结构，分别从总体、分项和特色</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">3个视角对特色小镇的发展水平进行评</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">估，其中基本信息部分的指标具有动态</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">性，会随着发展阶段的推进而不断进行</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">适应性调整和更新（图 2）：</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayMnT7HVDK9OQNialdhiaicdbJbdB0lqa8sszYhcwR3duH6AoSx6ibR0Ur7aSuibrLsXd0UuMSRyLkwug/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.503125" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)基本信息指标主要是统计特色小<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">镇的建设、投资和规划进展，该部分指</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">标主要测量特色小镇的总体发展情况，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">特别要说明的是该部分指标会随着特色</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">小镇建设进程的推进而动态变化：前期</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">更多侧重建设、规划等未全面投入使用</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">阶段的评估；后期则更侧重对总体投资</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">总强度和产出总规模等运营效益方面的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">评估。此外，特色小镇作为城市或城镇</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">转型升级的特殊平台，后期在区域层面</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">也应该和现状城(镇)区融合发展，因此</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">在其发展后期，总体指标部分还会增加</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">关于区域融合度和关联度等方面的指标</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">( 表 1)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayMnT7HVDK9OQNialdhiaicdbSTPTr6Q6ic3aRcumvqbe9icaZjOrjDenNfu41DlDTdKBzrAMT1ebhGUA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.521875" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)发展绩效指标主要是反映特色小<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">镇在产业、功能、形态和制度4个子维</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">度上的发展效率与成绩，这四方面紧扣</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">浙江省特色小镇的发展导向和概念内涵，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">既突出了特色小镇作为高端产业，特别</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">是服务业集聚发展平台的特点，又表现</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">出了其作为景区和产城融合区的新空间</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">模式的特点 ( 表 2)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayMnT7HVDK9OQNialdhiaicdbyctacs9btbRSJtmwI9KbAvJ8MWeqQeA8xPiaPz9agpry4Zt20BXclyA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="1.3562753036437247" data-w="494"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)特色水平指标主要考虑特色小镇<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">主导产业的差异，特色产业从装备制造</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">到历史经典产业，具有完全不同的发展</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">路径，应该根据特色产业的划分分别确</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">定不同产业相应的评价指标。虽然是不</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">同产业，但在评估时也需要对其进行横</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">向比较，在此则侧重比较特色的鲜明性、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">成长性和结构性等共性特点 ( 表 3)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayMnT7HVDK9OQNialdhiaicdbK11BqW2T11yhPqjnCZlJINgfCp9OKIQO7fDc1lwXXtTTXB6utnBWXw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="1.089430894308943" data-w="492"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 15px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254);"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; padding: 2px 8px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(104, 175, 201);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">特色小镇发展水平综合分析模式<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">研究</span></strong></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin: -1em 0px 0px; padding: 1em 10px 5px; border: 6px solid rgb(104, 175, 201); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">当前多指标综合评价方法主要包括<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">综合加权法、DSS评判法、理想点法和</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">向量排序法等。在综合多种指标综合评</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">价方法的基础上</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">，本次特色城镇发展</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">水平的指标评价方法采用基于钻石模型</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的全排列多边形图示指标法，钻石的两</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">极分别为特色小镇建设程度和特色水平，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">中间的主体是4个维度的发展绩效(图3)。</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">各指标值标准化采用双曲线标准化函数，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">将各指标值标准化到-1～1，使所有维</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">度的指标标准化值都能构成一个正多边</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">形的雷达图。将两极和4个维度作为综</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">合指数，综合发展水平指数构成的多边</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">形中心点到顶点的线段为各综合指标标</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">准化值所在区间[-1，1]，而标注值0为</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">临界线，0以下其值为负，0以上其值</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">为正(图4)。这种综合评估分析模式，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">既有单项评分指标又有综合指标，既有</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">几何直观的表现形式又有具体解析数值，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">每个指标都有上限、下限和临界值。指</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">标下限可以根据特色小镇群体中的最小</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">值确定，指标上限可以根据最大值确定，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">临界值采用平均值，如省(市、县)内全</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">部城镇的平均水平。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayMnT7HVDK9OQNialdhiaicdbR1JvkYZEP8AWGK2NtayOIMNyGSaaHu5XrhFicNEbPx0xrFKyFsR4nRw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.9560723514211886" data-w="387"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayMnT7HVDK9OQNialdhiaicdbW3icA8RIw3DQadNL2LFLlvmNtib2gZnQZO3hCStoeHfwyLTaUtx7zl4g/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="1.1398176291793314" data-w="329"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 0px 1.5em; margin-bottom: -35px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px; width: 100%; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(104, 175, 201);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2016年7期</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>特色小镇发展水平指标体系与评估方法》</strong></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="height: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"></section><section class="" style="height: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"></section><section class="" style="height: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"></section><section class="" style="height: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"></section><section class="" style="height: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"></section><section class="" style="height: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgOVJ3RwgdtC4IPOmfe7PLK5rQt5Lrfr94sTS3g5yana8960Jn9mIhIzL66plz8PYicSpInl9LjdhQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-ratio="0.8654867256637168" data-w="565"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%; float: left; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="float: left; margin-top: -1px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;"><section style="width: 0px; height: 8px; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; margin-left: 23px; border-left-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px; margin-left: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px; height: 8px; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); border-right-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); border-bottom-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); 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border-right-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); border-top-color: rgb(104, 175, 201); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="" style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 90%; margin: -1em 5% 1.3em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(227, 43, 107); box-sizing: border-box;">转载须知</span></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">由规划师杂志原创文章请遵循以下转载要求：</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">微信公众号请于文章发布<span style="color: rgb(227, 43, 107); box-sizing: border-box;">两天后</span>转载，</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">转载时后台回复“转载”二字，</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">无授权图片的童鞋会被举报的哦！</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 100%; 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