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<section style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 4em; height: 4em; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-image: url(http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0miaFlvxaVDk4iab7FSVe6CKLxNQZxu3esM9hhwX0MHicMwRkAsMQ6mfSMx7JGyCIGs8zEtdWHpU5WGSg/0?wx_fmt=png); background-size: cover; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; opacity: 0; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0miaFlvxaVDk4iab7FSVe6CKLxNQZxu3esM9hhwX0MHicMwRkAsMQ6mfSMx7JGyCIGs8zEtdWHpU5WGSg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.9375" data-w="64"  /></section></section><section style="width: 100%; margin-left: 1.2em; margin-top: -1.2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; height: 2em; margin-left: 1em; border-bottom-left-radius: 1em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); max-width: 85% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="margin-left: 1.5em; line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 0.5em; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">点击蓝字快速关注规划师杂志</section></section></section><section style="float: left; width: 5%; margin-left: -1px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 6px; height: 6px; margin-top: 1.82em; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);"></section></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(249, 110, 87); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">城市开发边界的划定是遏制城市盲目扩张、引导城市空间有序发展的重要举措，现阶段我国东部试点城市已形成一<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">套较为成熟的划定思路，但相对于西部城市的借鉴意义有限。作者</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">西安市城市规划设计研究院副院长</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">龙小凤</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">，西安市城市规划设计研究院规划二所副所长</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">白娟</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">，西安市城市规划设计研究院规划二所总工程师</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">孙衍龙</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在《规划师》2016年第6期撰文，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">本文从西部城市开发边界划定工作中遇到的问题入手，提出适合</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">本区域特点的划定思路，并以西安为例阐述划定的技术路线，以期为西部地区城市开发边界的划定提供参考。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.6em 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: -0.6em; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: dotted; border-left-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border: 2px solid rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 5px; font-size: 18px; padding: 0px 5px; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 86% !important;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">西部城市开发边界划定遇到的问题</strong></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: -0.6em; border-right-width: 2px; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(249, 110, 87); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-bottom: -0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-right-width: 0.4em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; border-left-width: 0.4em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.2em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 129, 36);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">划到哪？</section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-left-width: 0.4em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-right-width: 0.4em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="height: 0.9em; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; line-height: 1;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; border-top-width: 1.2em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(255, 223, 0); border-left-width: 0.7em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 0.7em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">开发边界划定首先要解决刚性底线<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">问题。与东部城市相比，西部城市生态</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">保育任务重，发展限制要素多。首先，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">西部地区是我国重要的生态安全屏障，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">也是国家重要资源的战略接续地(表2)。</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">按照国家《关于深入实施西部大开发战</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">略的若干意见》、《全国主体功能区规</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">划》、《西部大开发“十二五”规划》、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">《全国土地利用总体规划纲要(2006—</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">2020年)》和《全国生态保护与建设规</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">划 (2013—2020 年 )》等规划要求，加</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">强西部地区的生态保护和建设，对保障</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">国家生态安全、实现可持续发展具有重</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">要意义。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">此外，西部城市在积极探索城市空<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">间科学发展的过程中，大多面临诸如土</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">地、矿产、水与历史文化等资源的多重</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">保护压力。以西安为例，市域内秦岭山</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">脉、八条水系及湖泊水域、大遗址及文</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">保单位、台地塬坡和基本农田等底线控</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">制要素约占市域面积的85％以上 (北</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">京约占77％，南京约占73％，上海约</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">占64％)，特别是历史文化资源，西安</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">市域内遗址分布密集，尤其在城区周边</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">分布有汉长安城遗址、周丰镐遗址与秦</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">始皇陵等大遗址，全市遗址及周边建设</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">控制区面积超过200km</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">2</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">。因此，在城</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">市开发边界划定中，西部城市不能简单</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">拷贝东部城市的新型城镇化建设模式，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">而是需要在考虑各种因素影响的条件下，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">通过统筹各类不可再生资源，框定城市</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">不可触碰的底线，体现城市空间特色。</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">这将是西部城市划定开发边界面临的首</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">要问题。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtf2eVvKRZeQZmyRvbhJDV5SLBD6o8mA6hM1Nl9Jmz2WjRmIJlLB2nvHQ/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.4400749063670412" data-w="534"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-bottom: -0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-right-width: 0.4em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; border-left-width: 0.4em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.2em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 129, 36);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">怎么划？</section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-left-width: 0.4em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-right-width: 0.4em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="height: 0.9em; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; line-height: 1;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; border-top-width: 1.2em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(255, 223, 0); border-left-width: 0.7em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 0.7em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">城市开发边界划定与城镇化发展速<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">度密切相关。与东部城市相比，西部城</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">市的城镇化水平普遍偏低(图3)。通过</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">总结我国城镇化发展不同阶段的特征可</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">以看出，城市化率在70％以上的城市，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">其发展以存量优化为主；而城市化率在</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">30％～70％、以增量发展为主的城市，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">其主要特点是人口规模持续扩大、城镇</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">化水平不断提升</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">西部城市的城镇化水平远滞后于东<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">部地区，尚处于城镇化发展的关键时期，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城市空间呈现出有序增长和无序扩张相</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">互并存的态势。以西安为例，根据《西</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">安城市总体规划 (2008 年—2020 年 )</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">评估报告》可以看出，自该总规批复以来，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">在西部大开发、“一带一路”等国家战</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">略背景下，西安的城市发展尚处于适当</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">增量发展阶段，市域城市建设用地年均</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">增量为20～25km2</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">。因此，在开发边</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">界划定中，与东部城市以严格控制用地</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">扩张、存量挖潜为主的技术思路不同，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">西部城市不仅不能以“一根线”限制住</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城市的发展，相反地，还要充分考虑未</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">来城市快速发展对空间拓展的诉求，综</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">合考虑城市增长压力与潜在增长偏离等</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">要素，给城市发展的惯性留足弹性，要</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">用“一根线”来科学引导城市空间拓展，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">建立一套适合自身发展的技术思路。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtf5flfTEVa7ia2pic4wSY4TzkZibyVqsicMUB1OwSetEFCicMHcrJvlVjuibjw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.6086142322097379" data-w="534"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-bottom: -0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-right-width: 0.4em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; border-left-width: 0.4em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.2em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 129, 36);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">怎么控？</section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-left-width: 0.4em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-right-width: 0.4em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="height: 0.9em; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; line-height: 1;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; border-top-width: 1.2em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(255, 223, 0); border-left-width: 0.7em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 0.7em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">目前根据各方面研究，开发边界控<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">制采用刚弹相济的方法已形成初步共识：</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城市底线要素需要刚性控制，建设用地</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">控制线允许弹性调整。但各地的实践对</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">于弹性却有各自不同的认知：厦门设置</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">包括生态红线和生态缓冲区两部分在内</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的生态控制线和建设用地规模控制线，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">分别作为生态空间和城市空间的界线。</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">生态控制区内现状建设用地将采取多种</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">方式逐步清退，生态缓冲区作为远景的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城市发展空间；武汉将生态红线和开发</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">边界之间的区域作为城市开发边界维护</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">与调整的弹性空间，也是远期发展的备</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">用空间。与东部地区城市群发展密集的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">特征相比，西部地区城市群发育水平低，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">特大城市与大城市的首位度极高，城市</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">空间往往呈现出中心城市独大、外围组</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">团发展缓慢或者盲目发展的特征。以西</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">安为例，其中心城区现状人口规模约为</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">400万人，是最大的外围组团临潼的7</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">倍。因此，在开发边界划定中，中心城</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">区怎么控？外围组团怎么弹性调整？在</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">底线思维的前提下，需要研究内外有别、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">有主有次的控制思路和方法，以有效引</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">导城市空间的科学发展。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-bottom: -0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-right-width: 0.4em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; border-left-width: 0.4em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.2em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 129, 36);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 怎么管？</section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-left-width: 0.4em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-right-width: 0.4em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="height: 0.9em; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(255, 202, 0); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center; line-height: 1;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 0px; display: inline-block; border-top-width: 1.2em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(255, 223, 0); border-left-width: 0.7em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 0.7em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">相较于西部地区，东部地区受到政<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">策影响，城市管理先行先试，管理体系</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">相对完善、管理数据平台基础较为扎实。</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">在14个开发边界划定试点城市中，东、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">中部的上海、厦门、深圳及武汉等城市</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的规划、国土部门早已合并，审批管理</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">对接充分，而且建立了较为完善的数据</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">平台，为城市开发边界划定工作打下了</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">坚实基础。以厦门为例，2014年初启动</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">“多规合一”工作，形成了“一张图、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">一个平台、一张表和一套机制”的“四</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">个一”的工作成果</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">与东部城市不同，西部城市大多规<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">划部门、国土部门长期分立，“规划打架”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">现象较为严重，缺乏统一的技术管理平</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">台。以西安为例，由于历史原因，其规划、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">国土部门各自为政，协调不畅：正在执</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">行的城市总体规划与土地利用规划不仅</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">在规划年限、基期年、数据来源与坐标</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">体系等基础内容方面存在较大差异，在</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城市空间利用的重点、发展方向等控制</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">内容方面也存在很多不同，体现在“两规”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">图斑存在近200km2</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的差异。因此，在</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城市开发边界划定中，针对 “多规融合”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">底子薄的问题，如何在短期内形成空间</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">秩序发展共识、搭建统一的管控平台，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">并将城市开发边界法定化，实现有效控</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">制，将是城市开发边界划定能否落地的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">关键。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.6em 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: -0.6em; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: dotted; border-left-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border: 2px solid rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 5px; font-size: 18px; padding: 0px 5px; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 86% !important;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">西部城市开发边界划定思路</strong></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: -0.6em; border-right-width: 2px; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(249, 110, 87); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1.<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">保底线—解决“划到哪”的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">问题</span></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)在全域范围内科学统筹各类底线<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">要素。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">首先，选取出影响城市发展的多元<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">要素，对山塬林地、河湖水系、历史遗存、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">基本农田与矿产等各类城市资源及地质</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">灾害、地裂缝等底线要素进行叠合，通</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">过城市用地适应性评价，确定可建设用</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">地与非建设用地范围；其次，将各类空</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">间规划的核心管控要素及管控范围进行</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">统筹合一，形成各类规划空间“发展秩序”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">共识，划出不可逾越的红线空间；最后，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">叠加前两种结果，以“底线+红线”划</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">定城市空间发展中不可触及的“禁区”，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">并以此倒逼城市可发展空间的范围，确</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">定城市开发边界允许落定的空间范畴。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)结合城市总体规划引导空间有序<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">发展。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">为进一步体现城市开发边界是在尊</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">重城市经济发展规律的前提下对空间的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">有序引导，同时考虑西部城市城镇化水</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">平低的因素，明确以城市总体规划所确</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">定的空间结构体系为基础，以疏解中心</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城区职能、鼓励外围区域发展为目标，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">对中心城区和外围组团进行分功能、分</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">类别的差异化引导，解决城市开发边界</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">“划到哪”的问题。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">明路线—解决“怎么划”的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">问题</span></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 科学预测规模。</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">通过各类承载力评价和经济发展预<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">测，在现状发展规模的基础上预估规模</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">增速，形成“量化”基础，以城市相关</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">法定规划所确定的规划期限为近期，结</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">合国民经济发展规划的规划时限，将未</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">来 5 ～ 10 年确定为远期，科学确定城市</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">发展近、远期规模。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 拟合“多规”图斑。</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">图斑拟合作为划定工作的基础，对<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城规和土规的现状、规划等空间多重因</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">素进行梳理，结合城市发展实际，采用</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">就“大”原则，整合各类法定规划的已</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">建、已批项目，拟合出“统筹多规”平台，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">形成城市开发边界的初步框架。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 分类别管控。</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">根据城市自身特点，以解决主要矛<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">盾为出发点，采用分层次、分区域的方</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">式进行管控。分层次，即在管控的层级</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">上采用先城区、后村镇的方式；分区域，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">即对中心城区“发展到哪”进行控制，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">遏制其无序蔓延，而对外围组团“在哪</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">儿发展”进行引导，引导其科学发展。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">3.<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">呈“双线(限)”—解决“怎么控”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的问题</span></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(49, 37, 3); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">现阶段，西部地区城市空间的发展<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">不仅存在强烈的扩张性，还因受到大事</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">件、突发事件的影响而使得空间发展具</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">有很大的不确定性。因此，在城市开发</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">边界的具体划定中，为促进具有长期稳</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">定性的城市空间结构的形成，需强化“双</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">线”和“双限”的双引导模式(图4)：</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">一方面，对中心城区进行“双限”，即</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">对 “形(城市开发边界)”与“量”(发</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">展规模)进行双重刚性控制；另一方面，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">对外围组团进行“双线”控制，“双线”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">即优先发展边界(虚线)和拓展发展边</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">界(实线)，两线范围内刚(发展规模)</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">弹(弹性空间)相济，解决“怎么控”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的问题。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtfrnL8ZobVJe1Mky5au4CcH9c0kdBDiaRYOaaOLaczMCYgEqJea97rB3w/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.72568093385214" data-w="514"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">4.<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">守界线—解决“怎么管”的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">问题</span></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(49, 37, 3); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">面对城市开发边界在部颁标准及其<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">规范中尚未法定化的现实，要能真正实</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">现 “落得实、管得住”，一方面需要以“协</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">同规划”为原则，统筹“多规”核心要素，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">制定空间管控政策和建立有效的数据平</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">台，保证规划编制和实施主体达成共识</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">并共同守护界线；另一方面要结合相关</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">规划，将城市开发边界划定成果进行法</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">定化，同时不能忽视市场主体的不确定</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">性，在法定化的基础上，进一步完善评估、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">修改机制，增强实效性，解决“怎么管”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的问题。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-bottom: -0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-right-width: 0.4em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; border-left-width: 0.4em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.2em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 90% !important; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(241, 54, 63);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">西安城市开发边界的</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">划定实践</section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); border-left-width: 0.4em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(147, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-right-width: 0.4em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 0.4em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="height: 0.9em; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="border-left-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-right-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-left-style: dotted; border-left-width: 6px; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-width: 6px; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 0px 0.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; text-align: center; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">01</section></section><section class="" style="padding: 0px 0.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -1px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; text-align: center; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">保山护水，控制底线</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">西安南依秦岭，北临渭河，远望北<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">山，自然资源禀赋突出，城市发展过程</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">中“天人合一”理念贯彻始终，自然生</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">态环境与城市空间有机共生，形成了“背</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">山面水、八水绕城”及“山、水、塬、田、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城”传统山水城市格局特色，并延续至今。</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">绵延不断的城市发展史和昔日的繁华盛</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">世，给西安留下了极为丰富的历史文化</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">遗产和人文自然资源 ( 图 5)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtfOFb5Gzurkic5b0hibdRJsoHFqcEctpjrPB7CIyI2y5AfFmtrgsI4qezw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.8981481481481481" data-w="324"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">西安城市开发边界划定首先明确<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">“哪里不能发展”，也就是“划到哪”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的问题，要妥善处理城市建设与生态环</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">境保护的关系。西安刚性底线的划定是</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">以注重保护西安特色的山水格局和历史</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">遗存为基本思路，坚持生态优先的原则，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">依托西安水系、山塬和大遗址等生态空</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">间资源，对市域进行生态敏感性评价，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">通过植被覆盖、坡度、高程、水系、降</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">雨与土壤侵蚀6项子系统将生态敏感性</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">最为脆弱的市域南部秦岭、中部骊山及</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">市域范围内的8条水系确定为生态保护</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">区域。强化大秦岭生态屏障的作用，将</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">秦岭25°坡作为生态保护刚性红线，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">红线内不划定开发边界，现状建设用地</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">只减不增；同时，构建“八水润西安”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的水环境体系，形成水域保护刚性红线；</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">在现有城规“三区四线”、土规“三界</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">四区”的基础上，通过“反规划”的方式，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">对西安城市的其他资源进行梳理，包括</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">历史遗存、基本农田、区域交通及市政</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">廊道等，确定西安城市开发边界不可触</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">碰的刚性底线，其范围约占市域总面积</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的85％，可以进行开发建设的区域约</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">占市域总面积的 15％ ( 图 6)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtfI7YRRZGT29oL5grfk9jMcoKzw8UhlVck2rYyMpdVib7icClk38wfoS2g/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.7058823529411765" data-w="408"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 0px 0.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; text-align: center; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">02</section></section><section class="" style="padding: 0px 0.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -1px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; text-align: center; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">分类管控，刚弹结合</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 第一步：规模预测。<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">基于对西安市域生态承载力、水承</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">载力与土地承载力的分析，以西安城镇</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">发展现状情况为基础，按照城镇建设用</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">地每年增加20～25km2</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">计算，结合城</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">市总体规划修改及《西安市土地利用总</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">体规划 (2006—2020)》对城镇发展的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">规模要求，对 2020 ～ 2030 年西安的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城市发展规模进行预估，形成“量化”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">基础。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 第二步：以 1∶150000 的土地<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">利用总图和1∶10000～1∶25000 的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">土地利用分区图为工作底图，对市域范</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">围内的十区三县的“两规”图斑进行对</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">比分析 ( 图 7)。</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">核对内容以独立的集中建设区为单</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">元进行核对，通过计算“两规”建设用</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">地总量、差异量，拟定差异协调原则，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">进一步与各区县进行对接，梳理各区现</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">状建设情况、刚性控制要素以及通过法</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">定程序的已建、已批项目，采用“最大</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">公约数”，形成西安城市开发边界的初</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">步框架。同时，突出西安历史文化特色，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">以大遗址秦始皇陵为例，城规中以保护</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">为原则，遗址本体周边约1500m明确</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">为紫线范围，严格控制开发，而土规</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">中遗址本体周边仍存在允许建设区、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">有条件建设区等可开发用地。对于此</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">类差异，以彰显历史文化特色、保护</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">遗址与周边环境相协调为原则，以城</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">市总体规划紫线为依据，明确禁止在</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">遗址控制区内进行城市开发活动，划</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">定刚性红线，将土规中在该区域的土</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">地指标进行腾挪，合理配置于其他可</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">建设区域 ( 图 8)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtflEg89AtiaNHpkCegZqnSPu1A1RT1Q5paq3ficWYt7RYk3UjTGdvlucLA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.745679012345679" data-w="405"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtfGqD0NFJH9xxZ6WMvM7HZ6rfzIbhMZJjSqicQxH53r9d3QgkMP5LZlRA/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.3931297709923664" data-w="524"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 第三步：分类管控。<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">具体而言，采用分层次、分区域的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">方式进行管控 ：①分层次—城乡统筹。</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">由于西安国土部门和规划部门分立时间</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">较长，短期内实施全市域开发边界划定</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">存在一定难度，本次划定分为两个层次：</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">第一个层次，先行划定中心城区和外围</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">组团及县城的开发边界，明晰城市发展</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">宏观格局，是本次开发边界划定的重点</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">范围；第二个层次，对小城镇和村庄的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">边界进行划定，最终达到城市开发边界</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的全覆盖。②分区域—内外有别。</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">梳理中心城区与外围组团空间发展的关</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">系，中心城区解决“发展到哪”的问题，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">即结合西安独特的山水格局，依托生态</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">自然要素划定中心城区的开发边界，防</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">止其无序蔓延；而外围组团及其他区域</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">则要解决“在哪儿发展”的问题，即以</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">市域生态体系框架为基础，充分考虑外</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">围组团，以弥补西安第二产业发展短板、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">承接中心城区产业转移的发展诉求，预</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">留充足的发展空间，保障城市空间布局</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的可持续性和合理性。 </span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(4) 第四步：边界落定。<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">综合考虑上述因素，依据城市规划</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的空间战略性引导策略，确定城乡空间发</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">展格局和土地利用功能；以土规的“全域</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">性管控”，实现城乡土地指标的统筹。基</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">于对规划期限的“量化规模”和空间形态</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的“图斑拟合”，综合考虑西安社会与经</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">济发展规划所确定的城市重点项目，西安</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城市产业发展所确定的重要发展空间及市</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">域生态体系的控制要求等专项规划内容，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">形成由中心城区、外围组团共同构成的西</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">安城市开发边界线(图9)，至2020年涉</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">及范围为1038km2</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">，其中建设用地规模</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">为898km2</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">。在此基础上，结合城市、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">经济发展需求，为进一步体现开发边界对</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">于中心城区形态、规模的严格控制以及对</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">外围组团的空间引导作用，综合考虑多元</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">因素，在外围组团划定中充分预留弹性发</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">展空间，最终结合各组团发展基础形成适</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">宜的弹性发展空间。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtfusQIiaQdUMnt1yNJIYt9N0H1BA641waA5FhgCaOWicMegwm35ibwWlzMg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.7019230769230769" data-w="416"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 0px 0.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; text-align: center; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">03</section></section><section class="" style="padding: 0px 0.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -1px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; text-align: center; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">中心“双限”，外围“双线”</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">按照《西安城市总体规划(2008<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">年—2020年)评估报告》，中心城区</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">无序蔓延趋势明显，外围组团发展迅猛，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">依据“双线(限)”的思路，对中心城区</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">开发边界以“双限”为管控要求，建立</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">开发边界(城规与土规图斑合一)和用</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">地规模 (490km2</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">)的双重刚性约束。对</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">中心城区“以河为界”(图10)形成的</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">开发边界进行空间限制，形成天然的生</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">态隔离廊道，防止中心城区无序蔓延；</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">同时，以土规确定的城乡用地指标作为</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">中心城区内的规模限制，以此倒逼中心</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">城区转型发展，实现内涵式提升。对外</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">围组团，开发边界以“双线”为管控要求，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">形成优先发展边界(虚线)和拓展发展</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">边界(实线)(图11)：以土规确定的发</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">展规模为刚性约束，以城规确定的空间</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">布局结构为引导，“规土合一”确定优</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">先发展边界(虚线)，以此作为开发边界</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">的基础；为应对城市发展的“动态”因</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">素，按照经济发展评估、综合承载力分</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">析及规模弹性预测，在不触及城市底线</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">空间的前提下，确定出15％以内的空间</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">范围以形成拓展发展边界(实线)，在此</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">“实线”边界内，可通过有条件的空间</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">置换、内外调整等方法，适应城市实际</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">发展需求，刚(发展规模)弹(弹性空间)</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">相济，保障城市空间布局的可持续性和</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">合理性。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtftN3MzQkvsickSssYv0rl6wjK0jnIoozPUyD3KYVncaynA6Xkm4Qfgwg/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.9493333333333334" data-w="375"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtfaeWkTpJM6NMUvHbSN3vEfS1xYOD5lZCIII2cdmtow4ryBbkaabX5dw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.9175257731958762" data-w="388"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 0px 0.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; text-align: center; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">04</section></section><section class="" style="padding: 0px 0.3em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-left: -1px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; text-align: center; color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">边界落地、有效管控</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">首先，为保证开发边界所确定的空<span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">间秩序能有效落地，在划定的基础上，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">以《大秦岭西安段生态环境保护规划》、</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">《八水润西安规划》(图12)、《西安生</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">态隔离体系控制规划》(图13)、《西安</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">约束性体系规划》等专项规划为基础，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">进一步细化开发边界所确定的空间核心</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">要素；其次，在与土规的衔接中，统一</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">数据来源和坐标系，初步搭建了“一张图”</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">管控平台，并建立长效评估及调整机制，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">加强开发边界实施的有效性；最后，把</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">握城市开发边界划定与西安总体规划修</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">改同步的契机，将成果纳入到西安总体</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">规划修改专项内容中，与法定规划衔接，</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">确保开发边界在现行规划管理体系中得</span><span style="line-height: 1.45; box-sizing: border-box;">以落实。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtfcor7XgsHTVSAtxuBsmlbNhAQhtXSPicxeUISprw2Ih9WJ6Zh8aSK41w/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.76657824933687" data-w="377"  /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: middle;" class="" src="http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mjqvkiaVmFJ3AxAiadxbspBtfyhMHsicjao3Pj6KSxKW3vndU0S1wcu3usOEMNNeeudv88E7ofFBibZpQ/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="0.782608695652174" data-w="368"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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