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<section style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 4em; height: 4em; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-image: url(http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXF8d2gDMCzeBb9eBRR0wLK5hdjCotqly3LCkbBic8licwqwvql7NicWo0icQ/0?wx_fmt=png); background-size: cover; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXF8d2gDMCzeBb9eBRR0wLK5hdjCotqly3LCkbBic8licwqwvql7NicWo0icQ.png" /></section></section><section style="width: 100%; margin-left: 1.2em; margin-top: -1.2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; height: 2em; margin-left: 1em; border-bottom-left-radius: 1em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); max-width: 85% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="margin-left: 1.5em; line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 0.5em; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(47, 144, 224); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">点击蓝字快速关注规划师杂志</section></section></section><section style="float: left; width: 5%; margin-left: -1px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 6px; height: 6px; margin-top: 1.82em; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333);"></section></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">作者<span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">武汉市园林建筑规划设计院</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">郑段雅</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">，武汉市规划研究院</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">周星宇</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在《规划师》2016年第5期撰文，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">文章基于《海绵城市建设技术指南—低影响开发雨水系统构建( 试行)》，尝试构建控规层面的海绵城市技术导则。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">该导则总体上包括空间控制和指标控制两大内容，其中空间控制包含四大类分区和四种设施要素管控方式，指标控制分为整体</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">控制指标和建设技术指标两个部分。文章对上述内容的逻辑关系、常见取值、分析因素、计算方式和表达形式等进行分析，并</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">结合武汉某地区的实例展开探讨，形成完整图则，以供参考和讨论。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.6em 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-top: -0.6em; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: dotted; border-left-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border: 2px solid rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); border-radius: 5px; font-size: 18px; padding: 0px 5px; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 86% !important;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">背景与趋势：由总规向控规深化</strong></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: -0.6em; border-right-width: 2px; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">我国普遍存在洪涝频发与水资源紧缺并存的矛盾。<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">近年来，我国多个城市遭遇了特大暴雨的袭击，“去看海”</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">成了流行词，但与此同时，又有很多城市普遍面临水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">资源短缺、旱灾频发等困扰。对此，国内外学者开展</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">了大量研究，基本达成了“工业化割裂雨水微循环模</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">式，从而引发洪涝与缺水并存”的共识，并据此提出</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">了一系列有关雨水资源利用的理论，如可持续城市排</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">水(SUDS)、低影响开发(LID) 及海绵城市等。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">海绵城市，顾名思义是指城市能够像海绵一样，<span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">在适应环境变化和应对自然灾害等方面具有良好的“弹</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">性”，下雨时吸水、蓄水、渗水和净水，需要时将蓄存</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的水“释放”并加以利用。2014 年10 月，住房和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城乡建设部颁布了《海绵城市建设技术指南—低影</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">响开发雨水系统构建( 试行)》( 以下简称《指南》)，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">对海绵城市有关理论进行了归纳整合，形成了相对成</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">熟的总体技术方法框架。笔者以此为指导，进一步对</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">控规层面的海绵城市技术导则展开研究，以便为下一</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">步的详细设计提供指引。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.6em 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-top: -0.6em; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: dotted; border-left-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border: 2px solid rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); border-radius: 5px; font-size: 18px; padding: 0px 5px; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 86% !important;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">海绵城市控规技术导则的主要内容：</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间管控<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">+ 指标控制</span></strong></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: -0.6em; border-right-width: 2px; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="display: inline-block; padding: 0.3em 0.5em; box-shadow: rgb(165, 165, 165) 4px 4px 2px; font-size: 16px; color: white; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一、<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">空间管控：四大类分区+ 四种设施要素管控</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">方式</span></strong></section></span></section><section class="" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin-top: -1em; box-shadow: rgb(165, 165, 165) 4px 4px 2px; padding: 20px 10px 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;">1.<span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">四大类分区：高、中、低雨水径流调出区和雨水径流调入区</span></span></strong></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">划分出雨水径流调出区和调入区是实现《指南》提出“基本维持场地开发前后水文特征不变”这一核心目标的重要基础。这是因为在单个地块层面，海绵城市的目标和现实之间存在“要求消化但又消化不了”的困境。所谓“要求消化”，是指《指南》中提出的开发地块要按场地开发前的绿地状态来控制雨水，而绿地的雨水外排率仅为10％～ 15％ ，也就是说开发地块理论上要“消化”高达85％～ 90％的雨水；而“消化不了”是指在现实中任何开发都会将场地中原来的绿地变成建筑或者铺地，这势必会导致地块“消化”雨水的能力减弱。在我国，城市建设强度普遍较高，资金和技术又相对缺乏，即使按照目前国内较为先进的技术标准( 如以深圳光明新城为标杆)，一般单个开发型地块( 如居住区和商业区) 在建设后仍然比建设前至少多出15％的雨水“无法消化”①。因此，只能退而求其次，通过跨地块间的雨水调节，即结合城市规划的用地类型，分成不同等级的雨水径流调入区( 如绿地、水体) 和调出区( 如各类居住区、商业区)，在一定范围内实现雨水水文特征的平衡。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在城市规划中，除去大型自然要素，一般雨水径流调入区( 即绿地) 的设置都是以2 ～ 10　km2 的控规单元( 北京称为“街区”，武汉称为“编制单元”，其余城市的提法基本类似) 为基本单元，那么跨地块进行雨水调节的范围，就应当与控规单元的范围进行统一。换言之，一般控规单元的界线就可当作雨水区域平衡的界线。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">因此，海绵城市控规导则中空间管控的第一步，就是基本参考控规单元的界线范围，通过整体统筹布局，将单元内的各地块划分成雨水径流调出区和调入区。参考一般控规中对各类用地的绿地率和建筑密度的相关控制要求，笔者尝试设置四个等级的雨水径流调出/ 调入分区( 表1)，经过简化的下垫面渗透水率计算，可以实现雨水整体水文特征的平衡，并保证排泄顺畅。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXFVjvEszh5AqWVapNHNQ3fu7chIicdEAV657DVNvZ61a9tpugmrUKkMUA.png" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;">2.<span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">四种设施要素管控方式：实线+虚线+ 点位+ 功能标识</span></span></strong></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在划分雨水径流调出/ 调入分区的基础上，第二步就是设置各分区中关于海绵城市的各项设施要素。在传统控规中，对于设施要素的管控，主要采用实线控制予以确定，但随着控规体系的不断完善，设施管控的方式和内容也不断进步。例如，在方式上，武汉的控规采取了“实线、虚线加点位”的控制形式，形成了刚柔并济的空间管控模式；在内容上，广州教育城规划额外增加了透水铺装设置区域、集水设施标识等。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">笔者综合上述思路，建议设施要素的管控采取实线、虚线、点位和功能标识四种方式( 表2)。其中，实线的控制力度较为刚性，在进行必要的调整时需要保证原有面积、容积等功能指标不减少；虚线和点位的控制力度相对弹性，调整时只需要保证在方向和主要功能不变的情况下，其线型和位置可以根据实际设计进行灵活变动；功能标识则主要为详细设计或专项设计提供参考。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXFsHCMnyGApPmibfUXQJLP2NY69R6Acelh5EJiap5urpofn8v9RBNsiaFxg.png" /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="display: inline-block; padding: 0.3em 0.5em; box-shadow: rgb(165, 165, 165) 4px 4px 2px; font-size: 16px; color: white; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二、<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">指标控制：整体控制指标+ 建设</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">技术指标</span></strong></section></span></section><section class="" style="border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin-top: -1em; box-shadow: rgb(165, 165, 165) 4px 4px 2px; padding: 20px 10px 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(21, 149, 121); box-sizing: border-box;"></span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">根据控规“承上启下”的特点，笔<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">者认为，控规层面的海绵城市指标控制</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">应包括两部分内容：①整体控制指标，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">将上位规划提出的指标( 如年径流控制</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">总量等) 在控规单元层面进行落实和细</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">化；②建设技术指标，将上述整体指标</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">分解至各个地块，并转化成便于直接操</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">作的具体工程技术标准( 如透水铺地率、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">下凹式绿地率等)，从而便于指导详细</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">设计。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;">1.<span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">整体控制指标：核心指标+ 特色指标</span></span></strong></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">整体控制指标面向整个控规单元，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">其意义在于一旦控规出现大规模的调整，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">变动后的方案仍必须满足整体控制指标，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">从而在总体框架层面保障海绵城市的建</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">设实施。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">具体来看，笔者建议将整体控制指</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">标分成核心指标( 必选) 和特色指标( 可</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">选) 两类。其中，核心指标包括渗水、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">蓄水和排水三大内容，这是从“自上而</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">下”和“自下而上”两个角度推导得出的。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">“自上而下”即从深化上位总规指标出</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">发，《指南》提出上位规划指标包括径流</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">总量控制、径流峰值控制和雨水资源化</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">利用等。径流总量控制的途径为雨水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">的下渗和直接集蓄；径流峰值控制的途</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">径主要为蓄水和排水；雨水资源化利用</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">的前提是雨水储存。由此可见，实现上</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">位规划目标的基础是对雨水进行渗/ 蓄/</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">排的处理。“自下而上”即从工程技术的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">角度反推，所有技术可分成集水、径水、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">渗水、蓄水、储水和净水六大类。集水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">与径水仅涉及过程，其下一步的结果还</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">是渗水和蓄水；储水与蓄水的功能类似，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">只是空间载体形式不同；净水贯穿于雨</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">水循环的整个过程，而且仅对部分地区</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">有控制要求。因此，同样可将六类功能</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">归纳成蓄水、渗水和排水三种，且蓄水、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">渗水和排水指标是指标控制必须要完成</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">的“规定动作”。在此基础上，结合《指</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">南》的要求，可扩展出净水和回用水两</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">个特色指标，作为有条件地区实施的“额</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">外动作”。另外值得一提的是，很多地</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">区为方便操作，将渗水与蓄水指标合并，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">形成径流控制总量，并与降雨厚度进行</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">挂钩，如昆明设计的径流控制指标按降</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">雨厚度25.5mm 计算，深圳设计的径流</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">控制指标按降雨厚度50mm 计算。但是，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">为防范“只修蓄水设施而不修渗水设施”</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">这种极端情况的出现，建议有条件的地</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">区还是将指标进一步拆分成渗水和蓄水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">指标来管控。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">接下来，要对核心指标和特色指标</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">进行具体设置。在设置之前，首先要明</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">晰各指标的先后顺序。按照“小雨不排、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">中雨不涝、大雨排得快”的理念，渗水、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">蓄水和排水三项指标应采取“渗水优先，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">蓄水次之，排水最后”的逻辑顺序，而</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">净水和回用水指标则相对独立。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 渗水指标，指控规单元内雨水渗</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">入土壤、植被，最终汇入地下水系统的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">雨水比例( 渗入绿色屋顶的雨水，由于</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">并未汇入地下，笔者认为应该算作蓄水)。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">该指标的计算方法多样，其中相对简单</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">的方法可直接参考已有地区的经验，按</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">年降雨量进行比例估算，如可参考深圳</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">光明新城，其55％左右的年降雨量能被</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">渗透吸收。如果要对其进行更精确的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">计算，就需要按照《指南》提出的“基</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">本维持场地开发前后水文特征不变”的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">要求，分析地区未开发前的渗水量，一</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">般选取土质或植被等要素，分别计算孔</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">隙度和含水量等相关数据。在土质方面，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">粘土是渗透潜力最小的土壤类型，砂土</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">的渗透潜力最大( 表3)；在植被方面，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">由于植被与土壤难以剥离，实际上在计</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">算其蓄水量时也会将土壤因素考虑在内，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">不同植被的吸水能力按针叶林、阔叶林、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">灌木、农田和草地依次递减[5]，但在具</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">体指标方面，大到受气候和土壤厚度等</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">自然因素的影响，小到受植被郁闭度、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">密度和枯落度等自身情况的影响，导致</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">不同地区植被的吸水能力差距较大，在</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">此笔者仅列出中部地区常见植被的蓄水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">数据( 表4)。此外，在条件允许的情况下，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">还可进一步利用GIS 的地下水模型来分</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">析地下水的水文情况，以提高数值的精</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">准性，其分析因素包括土壤厚度、地下</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">水位高程和含水层厚度等。在计算出开</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">发前渗水量的基础上，可按美国LEED</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">标准提出的1 ∶ 1 或1 ∶ 0.75( 开发前/</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">开发后) 的标准来确定开发后的渗水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">量，然后根据不同的降雨厚度分别计算</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">相应的渗水比例。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXFmEGib7fSI2ceD9pNYjLjozfqHJTU00qRhN32XvyibIdU7dX9oxFm5MeA.png" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXF3HllibJGCMA6gjRqAEB2kun9LyXVyO2woib1sD4VbNbsaqnTHvYH1ABg.png" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 蓄水指标，指控规单元内自然水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">体、洼地和人工蓄水设施所储蓄的雨水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">比例，储蓄的雨水可作为部分回用水的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">水源，再通过渗水设施逐步渗入地下。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">该指标的设定要考虑储存( 一般为蓄水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">量下限) 和峰值调节( 一般为蓄水量上</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">限) 这两类功能的蓄水要求。具体来说，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">首先按年蓄水比例计算蓄水指标下限，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">根据《指南》中提出的“一般地区年径</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">流总量控制率最佳为80％～ 85％”[2]</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">的要求，可以得出地区内蓄水和渗水的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">总比例，而渗水量根据上文所述已经可</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">以确定，因此年径流总量减去年渗水总</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">量即为年蓄水量，再扣除一定比例的水量</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">损失后，可换算成平均单次降雨蓄水比例。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">其次，计算蓄水比例上限，考虑地区内暴</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">雨和冰雪快速消融等特殊降水情况，参考</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">《指南》中提出的“径流控制率不低于</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">60％”的要求，再根据上述步骤进行计</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">算即可。以实际项目为参考，按照潘国庆</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">等人的研究，北京某处面积约为2hm</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">的地块，设计容积约为1000m3 的蓄水</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">空间( 包括水池和下凹式绿地)，即满足</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">两年一遇降雨( 降雨厚度为86　mm) 的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">蓄水要求，其他降雨厚度的蓄水要求可</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">进行相应换算。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 排水指标，指控规单元内通过地</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">表径流( 不包括雨水管等人工雨水设施)</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">自然排出的雨水比例。《指南》中提出“排</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">水按建设前自然地貌( 往往按照绿地考</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">虑) 的径流排放量为标准”，绿地外的排</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">水量一般为15％～ 20％；在暴雨发生时，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">排水量需要适当增加，《指南》提出排</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">水量要控制在40％以内，因此总排水量</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">应控制在15％～ 40％。至于雨水设施的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">设计，仍建议按照我国雨水设计规划中</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">常见的地表径流控制系数40％～ 50％</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">进行计算。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(4) 净水指标，指通过人工湿地、土</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">地处理和稳定塘等技术去除降雨中各类</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">污染物的比例。由于该指标贯穿屋顶集</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">雨、绿地渗透和雨水储蓄回用等多个阶</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">段，难以进行分别统计，一般按降水或</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">者径流总量的一定比例来控制。在具体</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">取值方面，《指南》提出SS( 悬浮物，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">一般作为净水控制的主要参考要素) 消</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">减应控制在40％～ 60％，而深圳则</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">提出以汇水面积作为重要因素的径流污</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">染控制量的控制公式：</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">Vwq=10HwRwF 　　　 公式(1)</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">其中，Vwq 为径流污染控制总量(m3)，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">Hw 为径流污染控制降雨厚度(mm)，F</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">为汇水面积(hm2)，Rw 为径流控制系数</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">( 取值为0.005+0.009I；I 为汇水区域内</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">部透水面积比例，取值为60％ )。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(5) 回用水指标，指控规单元内利</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">用储存和调节的雨水，供工业冷却、景</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">观浇灌和日常清洁等循环使用的水量。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">该指标数值的设置受所处的区域降水环</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">境、用地类型和技术水平等多种因素的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">影响。例如，美国根据LEED 标准，一</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">般将所节约的50％的雨水作为灌溉用</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">水，而我国的标准相对较低，如深圳光</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">明新城提出回用水量的比例在30％左</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">右，北京提出按商业区、居住区和绿地</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">公园三种用地类型分别设置不同的回用</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">水量( 表5)，结合当地的气象资料来</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">看，其回用水比例也基本控制在30％</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">～ 40％。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXFI0VPzSUH6ylfERIFd8oKKd2NJ31kibJTQzxqMxuMZ8nDguIk6ib3sjMw.png" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.建设技术指标：五大建设技术指标</strong></span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">建设技术指标的建立目的是将五大</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">类整体控制指标与各类海绵城市设施的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">工程设计标准进行挂钩。而按照国内有</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">关的成果经验( 表6)，建设技术指</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">标一般包括雨洪调蓄池、下凹式绿地、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">透水铺装和绿色屋顶四大类。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXF1mBCD7oQBGia5JaHJmG1FuNZjs4cm2zmodpDJlNnFiaafStw8m6XNDPw.png" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">笔者认为，鉴于雨水渗透的重要意</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">义，可增加对渗水设施的建设控制，即</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">将建设控制指标扩展为雨洪调蓄池、下凹</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">式绿地、透水铺装、绿色屋顶和渗水设施</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">五大类。其标准数值的具体设定，除了可</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">参考上述地区的已有经验，更重要的是从</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">各项具体设施的实际效能( 表7) 出发，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">共同推导出一个合理的区间。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXFANJOyNBbZfMuib967JenZsQT4LuEF5hnFqWr8v7Z7gYAIKHj0LBnicUA.png" /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.6em 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: -0.6em; border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: dotted; border-left-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border: 2px solid rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); border-radius: 5px; font-size: 18px; padding: 0px 5px; color: rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 86% !important;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2016年5期</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《海绵城市控规技术导则编制探索》</strong></section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; margin-top: -0.6em; border-right-width: 2px; border-right-style: dotted; border-right-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-color: rgb(193, 193, 193); box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border: 2px solid rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); padding: 10px; border-radius: 0.8em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border: 2px dotted rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">海绵系列新书推荐：</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《海绵公园》</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXFrY3IDjSmHBmeOHFVBb8r0RKk7LYBKic6tdYsxFVRXUiadhtB7302g1YQ.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">本书由A24 景观设计公司的创始人兼执行董事 斯特凡·罗贝尔（德）编写，囊括了众多关于“海绵公园”设计的优秀案例，在案例设计中巧妙地应用了景观植被对地表雨水进行渗透、调蓄以及过滤等，从而充分体现出公园内的绿地在城市雨洪管理系统中的重要作用。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/LJwBRurftUrEOECZvhAk5RiaSnkafU7qbibxpHM8EIIFliaib30uQxUDRa60CWia76JhA0D8LTdibcybHu2ic6iaAsXE1A.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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"><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">本书以“海绵城市”为主题，通过40多个城市与景观设计项目来探讨水元素在城市空间规划中所扮演的角色和管理，从公园、公共空间、生态区和商业设施等四个方面的雨水管理策略和方法入手，针对雨水管理提出了相应的设计构思和解决方法。所收录的设计方案不仅回应了建筑和景观设计的功能上的需求，更积极从空间与景观的角度介入项目，在提升环境质量的同时，也兼顾了生态发展、生物多样性等城市建设问题的解决。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXFI12icnCvR1vHVL5QBythxjcSug75g3g2eLQ63ibSlVvQ5UjKRnLUU8VQ.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/LJwBRurftUrEOECZvhAk5RiaSnkafU7qbibxpHM8EIIFliaib30uQxUDRa60CWia76JhA0D8LTdibcybHu2ic6iaAsXE1A.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border: 2px solid rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); padding: 10px; border-radius: 0.8em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border: 2px dotted rgba(33, 117, 124, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(23, 138, 67); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">海绵系列新书推荐：</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《海绵城市工程设计图集》</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXF1EFlricUGKuR5yMDfYWcHZYtIeHUZFcdRDicdoicl2MlNgaO5AW8RmBGg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">本书为广西南宁（国家海绵城市试点城市）华蓝集团与南宁市建委、广西工程建设标准化协会合作设计的海绵城市建设技术，共分为两册，其一为《海绵城市工程设计图集——低影响开发雨水控制及利用》，其二为《海绵城市工程设计实用手册》，为建筑师在雨水管理设计方面提供了极具价值的设计工具和参考规范。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/LJwBRurftUrEOECZvhAk5RiaSnkafU7qbibxpHM8EIIFliaib30uQxUDRa60CWia76JhA0D8LTdibcybHu2ic6iaAsXE1A.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">精彩书摘</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXFV1y3If9vJRTEFb0oAUHOzzezb5cYUxtAuVpjW2PKKMbcg8icTrW0QTg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">购买QQ：2325124337<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">详询：0771-2438012</section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160628/j8bTq15u0mj6U3nFYGTSHcComVibaoPXFB3jr55hM7FK2OAJibBmC7vHI6icicR1DEEibRONJkY1tlOkjhW6s68leQg.png" /></section></section></section>
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