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                        <section style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; overflow: hidden;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 4em; height: 4em; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-image: url(http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oDH6p0xXITmeaZ45rs1iakgzGeYibDo2zibwGYQYn4smtWibZlGfmTGdicUcQ/0?wx_fmt=png); background-size: cover; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"> <img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oDH6p0xXITmeaZ45rs1iakgzGeYibDo2zibwGYQYn4smtWibZlGfmTGdicUcQ.png" /></section></section><section style="width: 100%; margin-left: 1.2em; margin-top: -1.2em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; height: 2em; margin-left: 1em; border-bottom-left-radius: 1em; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-left-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); border-bottom-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); max-width: 85% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="margin-left: 1.5em; line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 0.5em; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(47, 144, 224); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">点击蓝字快速关注规划师杂志</section></section></section><section style="float: left; width: 5%; margin-left: -1px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 6px; height: 6px; margin-top: 1.82em; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"></section></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">当前，在控规阶段开展城市设计已经得到了业界的认可，城市设计“法定化”也被提到了城乡规划工作的议程中。作者包头市城市规划展览馆馆长孙明伟在《规划师》2016年第5期撰文，<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">文章在现有研究的基础上，对控规层面的城市设计进行探讨，辩证控制与引导两者融合、共同作用的可行性，提出了在控规层</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">面进行城市设计的操作思路和具体策略，并以包头新都市区的城市设计来进行实践和论证，以期为我国城市设计提供新思路与</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">新方法。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 0px 5px; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(245, 41, 74); max-width: 95% !important; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(209, 197, 195, 0.933333);"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">控制与引导思路下的控规与城市设计</strong><strong style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">融合思路</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-bottom-width: 0.65em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(146, 54, 29); border-left-width: 0.35em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(146, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-right-width: 0.35em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; border-top-width: 0.65em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1.控制与引导之辩</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">控规作为法定规划之一，虽然存在控规修编的相<span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">应规定，但是其自颁布实施起就带有强烈的控制性。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与控规不同，城市设计虽然也是城市规划体系的内容</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">之一，但其更多的是一种“管理手段”，通过对城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">景观和特色风貌的精细化管理，实现对城市和建筑空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">间风貌的整体引导，对建筑、交通、开放空间、绿化</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">体系和文物保护等要素的考量与安排，引导的性质更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为明显。因此，要进行控规层面的城市设计，就需要</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">辩证地寻找控制与引导之间的平衡点，探寻可操作的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">途径。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 在控制中加以引导。该思路的主体是控规，首<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">先要确保控规的法定地位，其次从城市</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">设计中抽取具有普遍意义的元素，最后</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">将该元素列进控规体系中，最终实现对</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">此类元素的刚性控制与安排，进而控制</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市整体建设风貌。但该做法会带来一</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">些弊端：首先是控规的本质决定了其编</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">制程序与周期具有局限性，无法根据城</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市的发展进行实时、动态的更新，限制</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">了城市建设的多样化和时势性；其次是</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市设计内容庞杂且精细，从中抽取元</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">素列进控规体系的过程中，需要花费大</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">量的精力才能确定该列入的对象，导致</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">控规编制变得愈加繁琐，给大众留下政</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">府“管得宽”的印象。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 在引导中实现控制。城市设计作<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为非法定规划的一种城市建设和管理手</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">段，其内容和框架被突破，甚至被违背</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的建设行为屡见不鲜。为解决这一问题，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">许多学者提出了“城市设计法定化”的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">诉求，赵光育建议“从依法行政出发，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">明确城市设计的法定地位……出台城市</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">设计导则编制规程，通过地方立法程</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">序，形成城市总体城市设计导则、设计</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">分则”。师武军在《城市设计“法定</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">化”探讨》中建议采取“一控规、两导</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">则”的规划编制体系，制定城市设计导</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">则编制规程，促使城市设计规范化与法</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">律化，从而保证城市设计目标的实现。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">然而，也有学者提出了不同的观点，朱</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">荣远认为，“城市设计是感性的过程，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">法定规划是理性的结果”，“城市设计</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">应该是法定规划编制基础研究的重要构</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">成部分”，即城市设计的本质决定了实</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">现其法定化是不现实的，而将其内容融</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">入各层次的法定规划中才是最“实用”</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的手段。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.控制与引导融合的城市设计思想</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">综上所述，笔者认为城市设计若单<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">纯侧重于某一方面都将陷入偏执，因此</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">探寻控制与引导的融合未尝不是一剂良</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">方。所谓融合，即在控规编制实施阶段</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">进行城市设计，一方面确保了控规的法</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">定地位及其控制性本质；另一方面强化</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">了城市设计的控制性内容，确保其引导</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">作用得以充分发挥。实现控制与引导的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">融合，需掌握3 点：①城市设计思想与</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">控规结合，将城市设计作为考虑问题的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">依据，将保护自然与人文环境的资源观、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">关注公共利益的人本观和统筹空间环境</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">要素的整合观等观念贯穿于控规的目</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">标与原则、编制过程与控制方法、方案</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的评价与优选等环节。②城市设计技术</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与控规结合，在控规编制过程中开展城</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市设计研究，通过整体把握区域建筑风</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">格、空间格局、景观生态和功能形象，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为控规指标的确定提供更切实的依据。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">在控规编制后期，城市设计工作是对控</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">规内容的深化、验证与修正，并以文本</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">和图纸的形式进行表达，实现与控规成</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">果体系的同构性。③城市设计管理策</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">略与控规结合，即城市设计在综合考虑</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">经济发展与公共利益的基础上，制定优</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">先发展策略与分期开发措施。同时，通</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">过对容积率奖励方法、开发权转让条件</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">等的限制，为城市开发建设提供积极引</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">导( 图1)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKicGBokSCeywoZvL3Br6U2jU1HqU19Q6dD8jHF0hrQs1a7PxkQibQAAicg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3.<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">控制与引导相互融合的城市设计</span></strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">策略</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">控规层面的新都市区城市设计以城<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市空间环境和建筑形体为研究对象，控</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">制和引导相关要素的组合，如建筑物、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">街道和开敞空间等，或促进相关要素的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">联结，如建筑物与环境、工程设施与自</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">然生态的关系等，以塑造整体协调、富</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">有特色的空间形态和景观环境。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（1）构建适宜的环境容量指标</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">环境容量指标主要包含容积率和绿<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地率，通过构建适宜的指标体系，从总</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">体上控制和引导城市建设强度与生态环</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">境建设。一方面，容积率是城市建设模式、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">建设强度的重要参照指标，一旦确定后</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">便不可轻易更改，因此宜作为硬性指标</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">加以控制；另一方面，绿地率能有效保</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">证城市的生态环境建设，可作为引导性</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">指标加以设定，但仍需设置最低值。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（2）控制城市空间基本尺度</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">城市空间主要指开敞空间，包括线<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">性开敞空间和点状开敞空间，其对城市</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">总体风貌具有重要的影响，主要体现在</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">空间界面和街区尺度上。在控制与引导</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">融合的思路下，以控制街区尺度为抓手，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">引导城市空间有序发展。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（3） 划定景观风貌分区</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">新都市区的整体景观风貌较好，但<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">随着城市建设步伐的加快，钢筋水泥式</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的建筑充斥在城市中，进一步加剧了景</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">观风貌的缺失；同时，城市对建设用地</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的需求逐步增大，已逐渐侵蚀生态绿地</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">等非建设用地。因此，需在划定景观风</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">貌分区的基础上，引导完善城市建设模</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">式，构建点—线—面的城市景观结构。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（4）构建合理的建筑形态</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">建筑形态主要包括建筑高度、建筑<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">样式和色彩3 个方面。其中，建筑高度</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">是“远观”城市的直接对象，是影响城</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市天际线景观的重要元素，因此应对建</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">筑高度进行控制，构建优美的天际线。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">建筑样式和色彩在选取过程中，受开发</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">主体主观意愿影响较大，因此城市设计</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">主要对其进行引导，努力创造优美的城</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市景观。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（5） 做好城市设施建设</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">城市设施主要包括基础设施和公共<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">服务设施，不仅对完善城市功能起着重</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">要作用，还能有效搭建各类景观节点、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市风貌节点的衔接平台。其中，道路</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">设施的规划更是对城市景观风貌的延续</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与连贯起着重要的作用。基础设施作为</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市发展的基础，应严格控制其建设模</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">式；公共服务设施服务于城市的运转和</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市民生活，需对其进行合理的发展与布</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">局引导，特别是对关乎民生的服务设施，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">如医院、学校等需重点考虑。</span></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-right-width: 0.35em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(146, 54, 29); border-bottom-width: 0.65em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(146, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-top-width: 0.65em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-left-width: 0.35em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 0px 5px; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(245, 41, 74); max-width: 95% !important; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(209, 197, 195, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">包头新都市区城市设计</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">案例</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1.改善环境容量</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（1）严控容积率</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">容积率的确定不仅要考虑土地利用<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">性质与区位条件，还要统筹区域空间形</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">态，考虑相邻区域在空间环境上的关系，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">对不同的容积率进行分区转换，形成具</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">有整体性和延续性的城市空间形态。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为了保障土地的合理利用并形成丰</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">富的天际线景观，规划划分了六级开发</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">强度控制区( 表1)。其中，沿活力综合</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区与北部商住区的开发强度最高；沿该</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区域外围开发强度逐渐降低，至政务中</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">心、景观绿化核心区、北部奥林匹克公园、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">西部高新产业园区和东部生态居住区开</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">发强度降到了最低。该六级开发强度控</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">制区的建设采取了不同程度的控制措施，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">带有强烈的控制色彩，在规划期间未经</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">过严格的修编或更改程序，不可对其进</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">行改动。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKsu833QCOvQtjT6ziaKpOpyN8e9MicRAUAxLHhibJibPUniaumtI4OLO8U6g.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（2）引导城市绿地建设</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">在控规确定绿地率指标的基础上，<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">规划从整体把握绿地系统结构，协调绿</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地、街道和周边建筑的关系，并提出绿</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地布置要求与植被配置参考建议，引导</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市绿地的建设。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">首先，在分析区域绿地系统要素和<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">结构的基础上，规划结合功能分区及人</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">流特征，设置主题式、场景式的公园绿地，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">打造景观节点，提供公共活动空间。其次，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以沿包头新都市区的主要道路设置的防</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">护绿地为轴线，串联绿化节点，塑造富</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">有特色的城市街道景观。最后，因地制</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">宜地设计绿植环境，营造形式多样的绿</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">化空间，具体如下：</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">①条状绿地单元。以方形或平行的<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">长条形绿地为基本单元构造绿化矩阵，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">强化轴线方向的韵律感，同时利用立体</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">树阵、条状花坛等进行遮阳，以降低硬</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">质铺地的得热率，缓解城市热岛效应。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">② 下沉式广场。对部分绿化节点进<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">行下沉处理，不仅可以减少视线阻隔、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">增加节点可视度，还能降低车行交通及</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">其噪音对行人的干扰，又能增加景观的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">层次性与公共活动空间的多样性。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">③都市窗帘。以软质的树冠、绿篱<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">辅助硬质墙体，既具有视障、声障的作用，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">又可以增强内庭的场所感。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">④渗透灰空间。将绿化延伸至玻璃<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">顶棚、光井和连廊等灰空间中，连通内</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">庭绿地与街道绿化、公园绿地等开敞空</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">间，使建筑与生态环境高度融合，增强</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">灰空间的多样性和趣味性。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">⑤屋顶绿化。强调屋顶绿化与排水<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">系统的连通性、与地面公共空间的可达</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">性、与隔热系统的复合性，使屋顶绿化</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">成为建筑体与外界高度复合的界面。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">⑥动线引导绿化带。利用线性排列<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的“口袋湿地”“都市盆景”等打造绿色通道，引导道路交通、河流沟槽等动线。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.塑造整体空间形态</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（1）构建有序的开敞空间和空间界面</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">首先，规划以公共活动为导向，以<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">公共活动流线为基础布置线性开放空间，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">并局部放大公共活动节点，形成流留结</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">合、有机联系的开敞空间体系。其中，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">线性开敞空间包括主要交通景观通道、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">滨河景观通道及商业休闲景观通道；点</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">状开敞空间包括广场、公园、商娱综合</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区以及由这些开敞空间形成的城市客厅、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">道路交叉口和活动中心。因此，规划以</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市民文化公园区为中心，分别构建了西</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">南面的活力综合区、东南面的绿地中心、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">西北面的现代商业区和体育中心，并以</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">“两横一纵”的绿化开放空间串联各个</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">开敞空间( 图3)。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">其次，规划在遵循城市肌理的基础</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">上，对由建筑围合而成的空间界面进行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">统一设计。例如，沿城市道路构建连续</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">界面，以形成完整的街道空间；对街区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">内部空间采用灵活的设计形式，塑造有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">收有放、疏密有致的公共空间。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（2）合理控制街区尺度</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">规划需结合不同类型的街区功能，<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">合理控制街区尺度。因此，规划设定商</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">务办公区的道路间距为150～200m，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">道路网密度为12～16km/km2，街坊面</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">积为2.5 ～ 4 hm2；大型公共建筑与居</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">住社区的道路间距为200 ～ 300m，道</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">路网密度为8～10km/km2，街坊面积</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为5～9 hm2。此外，规划还在居住社</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区内布置了交流与文化活动场所。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKmyFezh6oiaKysSkvCCNX7rOBpTcEHbzmTVy40nvAMgmP5Thg9Hzj8lA.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3.构筑景观风貌</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（1）明确分区控制要求</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">为保证区域整体风貌协调，并留有<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">一定发展余地，规划将区域划分为三级</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">景观风貌控制区( 图4)：①核心控制区，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">主要为区域的中部偏东地区，为城市主</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">要功能区，规划对该区域建筑的形态、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">高度和密度等指标施行严格控制。②一</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">般控制区，主要为核心控制区的外围地</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区，规划对其地标建筑、城市界面进行</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">一般控制。③风貌协调区，主要为区域</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">周边地区，该区域具有良好的自然景观风</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">貌，建议根据城市未来发展趋势及需求进</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">行有机协调。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKKwBKkuC0waEQPP6AkK68cDiaeXH5MIlJa4sxVw5z2pwqTbTtpWYPFeg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（2） 引导形成优美的景观结构</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">包头新都市区的景观风貌较好，但<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">总体上尚未形成系统，据此规划构建了</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">由点、线、面三大要素共同构成的景观</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">系统( 图5)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKG9CMvmaaRg6wh0A0OpMuWAjA4iaTs33QIvHARZxumFOSqyo2XQkn0kg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">① 点：景观节点分为两级，一级节<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">点有3 处，分别位于3 个景观区域中，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">即政务中心、商业休闲与活力综合区、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">鹿园；二级节点位于城市门户的地标建</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">筑、体育会展中心及南部的交通枢纽处。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">② 线：南北向的城市发展轴、东西<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">向的建设路是反映都市休闲生活的发展</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">轴，基地东侧和西侧的河道是反映都市</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">良好生态的景观轴。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">③ 面：以景观节点为核心辐射而<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">成的区域，分为2 个等级。一级景观区</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">包括3 个不同风格的区域：政务中心片</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区—以大气恢弘的市政建筑和城市市</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">民广场打造硬朗的都市文化景观；商业</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">休闲与活力综合片区—以造型新颖</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的建筑与现代雕塑小品打造现代都市景</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">观；鹿园片区——以良好的生态环境和</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">完善的游憩设施打造休闲宜居的生态景</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">观。二级景观区包括位于城市门户的地</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">标建筑、体育会展中心和南部交通枢纽</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以及区域东部的国际生活景观社区和西</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">南部的滨江文化休闲景观区。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">同时，为在视点与景点之间建立良<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">好的联系，营造丰富的城市景观，规划</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">打造了四类视线通廊：一是城市发展轴</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与建设路轴线上的保护视廊，该通廊上</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的景观分别为自然环境与现代都市融合</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的景观风貌和高强度开发的都市景观风</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">貌；二是核心区外围的南北道路通廊，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">从政务中心区到文化中心再到活力综合</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区；三是城市北侧的商务区沿线干道、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">商业休闲区城市副轴线以及哈屯高勒路</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">东西轴线；四是城市东西侧的沿河景观</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">廊道。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4.完善建筑形态</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（1）严控建筑高度</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">建筑高度是影响城市天际线景观的<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">重要因素。因此，规划在计算容积率等</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">相关指标的基础上，结合区域的空间形</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">态要求，实行八级地块限高控制。其中，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">针对都市区的核心区域—政务中心，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">规划在确定政务中心主楼为55　m 高的基</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">础上，控制其周边的政务服务类、文化类</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">建筑高度不高于30　m，以形成中间低、</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">四周高的内敛式空间形态( 图6，图7)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKRmWicgiajwMhvicvcyA9nfyhhND2FxUeDIfqKicH61Hiad1O5Xpic5ctWGeg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKzpdIQttOvsajtJE3tScScQ0ib9QvIgKMqdicBUiadZvzmvGxpNVAfstRg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（2） 选取建筑样式与色彩</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">规划根据建筑功能、占地面积及高<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">度，对建筑样式进行模拟和设计。其中，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">住宅样式以点式为主，建筑形式统一，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">避免过长板式建筑。公共建筑形体适当</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">多样化，在对不同用途建筑面积和功能</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">进行分析的基础上，对商业、商务、政</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">务与文化等建筑的基本形态进行原则性</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">引导。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">在建筑色彩方面，本次规划考虑了<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">新都市区的气候环境特征，为实现建筑</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与自然环境和场所功能的协调，建议住</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">宅建筑立面选用暖色调，总体以淡黄色</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">或土黄色为主，部分公共建筑可选用亮</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">灰色增加视觉效果( 表2)。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKrqvzAzC79VsOdErcu97PDibmsuBEiaaNtwN9okVTbcXO0zNXmcwwibkqg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; padding: 0px 0.5em; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">5.完善城市功能</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（1）严控基础设施建设</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">①在道路系统方面，规划构建了地<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">下、地面和地面以上的立体式交通( 图8)。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">同时，在公共交通系统中，注意组织不</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">同交通方式的换乘与衔接。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmK5KdQCPPIUPHoWiaJ8xKGWbu6p2JLlQWgibdlo4icaEJXPpxeBS1T8Areg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">② 在综合管廊方面，为减少敷设和<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">维修地下管线对交通出行与居民生活的</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">影响，提高城市地下空间利用效率，并</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">保证路容完整和景观美化，规划选定给</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">水、中水、供热、电力和电讯管线进入</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">管廊，排水与燃气管线独立敷设，构建</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">综合管廊。在管道断面设置方面，内部</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">净高不宜小于2.4m。在管廊内两侧设</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">置支架或管道时，检修通道的净宽不宜</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">小于1.0m；单侧设置支架或管道时，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">检修通道的净宽不宜小于0.9m；配备</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">检修车的综合管廊检修通道宽度不宜小</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">于2.2m。同时，管道埋深应为2.2m。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">③在地下空间方面，规划利用轨<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">道交通，并结合商务、城市综合体等重</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">要的公共活动节点开发地下空间，实现</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">空间的紧凑化和复合化发展。地下空间</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的开发形式以商业、地下停车库等为主</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">( 图9)，其中轨道交通地下空间可开发3</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">层，商务地块的地下空间开发2 ～ 3 层，</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">商业地块的地下空间开发1 ～ 2 层，居</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">住地块的地下空间开发1 层，公共绿地</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">下可设置市政设施。同时，规划积极采</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用天窗、采光廊道和下沉街道等形式引</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">入自然光线，提升地下空间品质。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKibibVAZf9hxS4lN0VoNnTKPAv1wdoB5FDBx9tdGOeicpa2xvvHJQpJUpQ.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">（2） 引导完善公共服务设施</section><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">规划结合用地布局与人群行为模式，<span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">构建地区和社区两级公共服务设施体系。</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">其中，地区级公共服务设施( 包括高等</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">教育、文化和医疗等服务半径较大的设</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">施) 相对集中布局，以保证设施的充分</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">利用( 图10)；社区级公共服务设施( 包</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">括中小学、社区服务中心和社区级商业</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">设施等) 配合居住区进行布局，以构建</span><span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">功能完善的社区生活空间。</span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mjChdOdN7bYX8b1kdjrZvmKN07X2zcwfru6Udopmk1Viaza4Me5HV9POeDhOB8HRH8AohasL3oXnwA.jpg" /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding: 0px 5px; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); max-width: 95% !important; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2016年5期</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">《控制与引导：控规层面的城市设计思路与案例》</section></section><section style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-bottom-width: 0.65em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(146, 54, 29); border-left-width: 0.35em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(146, 54, 29); max-width: 5% !important; border-right-width: 0.35em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; border-top-width: 0.65em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border: 2px solid rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); padding: 10px; border-radius: 0.8em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border: 2px dotted rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">海绵系列新书推荐：</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《海绵公园》</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oD8ibWAZxv4R6pRfOZ4YfUrN6mHcIiaKicia6rPF9VXNURPfWy26NFlGmlKA.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(39, 8, 8); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">本书由A24 景观设计公司的创始人兼执行董事 斯特凡·罗贝尔（德）编写，囊括了众多关于“海绵公园”设计的优秀案例，在案例设计中巧妙地应用了景观植被对地表雨水进行渗透、调蓄以及过滤等，从而充分体现出公园内的绿地在城市雨洪管理系统中的重要作用。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/PqLbeUianINrsFuibW1a3DsRDBPPOexXfVOT8ib2JYlKjhj9PyeF8Tg0keiaD6ldYrO3L0wF1q5Yh7wm3ic1nINax7A.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">精彩书摘</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oDt49D8r08dsJHdFuicDib4AdXpAyicy2omdC8emQ7zxZmar2NH7iaDG2ArQ.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">购买QQ：2325124337<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">详询：0771-2438012</section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border: 2px solid rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); padding: 10px; border-radius: 0.8em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border: 2px dotted rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(23, 138, 67); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">海绵系列新书推荐：</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《海绵城市》 </strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oDlic72D3pblN6Lnic0adg2gBDmHAIibVolpAacHDBJ6pqHo83qzzUliaZdg.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(39, 8, 8); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">本书以“海绵城市”为主题，通过40多个城市与景观设计项目来探讨水元素在城市空间规划中所扮演的角色和管理，从公园、公共空间、生态区和商业设施等四个方面的雨水管理策略和方法入手，针对雨水管理提出了相应的设计构思和解决方法。所收录的设计方案不仅回应了建筑和景观设计的功能上的需求，更积极从空间与景观的角度介入项目，在提升环境质量的同时，也兼顾了生态发展、生物多样性等城市建设问题的解决。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oDueGNEYegDnTaePTuMDBPHmzNHdN8KDk4EFjGjW5DODpAX3WLktuZDQ.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/PqLbeUianINrsFuibW1a3DsRDBPPOexXfVOT8ib2JYlKjhj9PyeF8Tg0keiaD6ldYrO3L0wF1q5Yh7wm3ic1nINax7A.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(23, 138, 67); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">精彩书摘</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oDCR9rzgib8QkmHpIO6iaLShS16aunibiauGEnerczYyjB7CAlaPQMJxsURQ.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">购买QQ：2325124337<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">详询：0771-2438012</section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border: 2px solid rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); padding: 10px; border-radius: 0.8em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border: 2px dotted rgba(243, 121, 92, 0.933333); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(23, 138, 67); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">海绵系列新书推荐：</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《海绵城市工程设计图集》</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oD2pP2yic1JzzUnLibH0ZEwx7nOwzC6nJxztGwY6lBv7ynIeMsEpE2ru9A.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(39, 8, 8); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box;">本书为广西南宁（国家海绵城市试点城市）华蓝集团与南宁市建委、广西工程建设标准化协会合作设计的海绵城市建设技术，共分为两册，其一为《海绵城市工程设计图集——低影响开发雨水控制及利用》，其二为《海绵城市工程设计实用手册》，为建筑师在雨水管理设计方面提供了极具价值的设计工具和参考规范。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/PqLbeUianINrsFuibW1a3DsRDBPPOexXfVOT8ib2JYlKjhj9PyeF8Tg0keiaD6ldYrO3L0wF1q5Yh7wm3ic1nINax7A.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">精彩书摘</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oDia84zattjE8S1pF91YA4DdohaEFvyoHOv1FMeBTyE8fkFILUOuGjEZA.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(21, 149, 121); font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">购买QQ：2325124337<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">详询：0771-2438012</section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160614/j8bTq15u0mgmn90390G5ur4ZajxGc9oDq1PyDtjWHj5WGFm3w8KC009T5qibwzqond9qpWQS130zyfGb8iahKLKQ.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; 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