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                        <section style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; letter-spacing: 15px; line-height: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" padding: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(38, 53, 73, 0.862745);"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="letter-spacing: 3px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一<span style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19.44px; white-space: pre-wrap; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">°</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 19.44px; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></span><span style="line-height: 24px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);">览<span style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">°</span>众<span style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">°</span>山<span style="line-height: 24px; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">°</span>小</span></span><span style="white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 19.44px; color: rgb(17, 17, 17); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">°</span></strong></span></section><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;">SustainableCity & Transportation</span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" padding: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(38, 53, 73, 0.862745);"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; padding: 1em 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-image: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/mee9Bdh9Tia9ccugo3ibbwYiaic0kaEszGzIIn44wbSa9rEsIlxP1fuibj9SbylICeHH6RMC1hAnqr7hUGzZk7peSJw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg"); background-attachment: scroll; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); background-size: 101.066%; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(8, 8, 8); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">     </strong><strong style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">编辑团队</strong></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; max-width: 100%; border-color: rgb(8, 8, 8); border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">  原文/ Laura Bliss、Adrienne Lafrance    </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">  翻译/ 忻子    <span style="line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">文献/ 谢林君     校核/ 众山小  </span></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">  编辑/ 众山小    排版/ 众山小</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="group-empty" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"> </section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 38.2%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160604/mee9Bdh9Tia9ccugo3ibbwYiaic0kaEszGzI1eDU6ZgUXm7CcREdmOu0Z6aicNyd4l0a7Xaq1iahgZz8WZrybodicNRbw.jpg" /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 61.8%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: block; float: left; padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px; line-height: 1; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(31, 156, 202); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">译者萌像&导读：</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: block; min-height: 4.5em !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> Google 想要站在现实与数码的十字路口，提高城市的运作效率，提升大城市生活质量，所以他们旗下新成立了一个创业公司： Sidewalk 实验室，正如Google无人驾驶汽车一样，在很多人眼里似乎又是一次长期赌博。Sidewalk联合创始人Larry Page说“世界上有越来越多的人在城市中工作和定居，提升城市生活质量的机会是无穷无尽的。” 我相信当科技遇上机遇，终究能发酵出让城市生活变得更美好的魔法面包，你呢？</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box; background-image: url("http://img02.store.sogou.com/net/a/05/link?appid=100520091&url=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/QH9Sx2fdm030eG6tGWpjR73mrFrypvWR73DtRWgtkB1SIDibf6wowqSgBiavuS6IksGRAYOcol01U4ROEBztSLpQ/0?wx_fmt=png"); background-attachment: scroll; background-size: 48.9055%; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="group-empty" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 75%; box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section class="group-empty" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 25%; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"> </section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(31, 156, 202);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">01</section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="border-top-color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-size: 21px; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; padding: 1px 5px 0px; line-height: 1.2; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">谷歌将在公交服务质量低的社区铺设实时公交新技术</strong></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-right-width: 0.5em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; height: 2em; line-height: 2em; padding: 0px 5px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(211, 207, 206, 0.117647);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ Laura Bliss    翻译/ 忻子 </section></span><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-left-width: 0.5em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">Flow拥有可靠的基础设施数据和人行道上的自动信息服务终端，都将有助于自动驾驶汽车的上路。</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160604/mee9Bdh9Tia9ccugo3ibbwYiaic0kaEszGzIpibUYFZX80JMEAarIHeaK1DzayqfH2IAhyvVXq1Xe9M1jk6DEtrq7SQ.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="line-height: 1.52; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、<span style="font-size:15px;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><a><strong><em><span style=" font-size: 19px;line-height: 115%; color: windowtext ">Flickr/Joiseyshowaa</span></em></strong></a></span></strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">对于通勤者来说，实时公交信息是最有价值的，但正如在智能手机安装了公交app的我们都知道，公交信息总是难以捉摸。城轨、常规公交、自行车和Uber的可得性和可靠性都基于大量用户的选择和折衷。对于低服务水平社区的居民来说，由于本身公共交通的服务水平较低加上智能手机并不普及，想要找到从A到B的最佳路线变得更加困难。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">谷歌旨在找到针对城市问题的技术开发和解决方案，其成立的Sidewalk实验室近日联合美国DOT宣布正在开发“Flow”，一个寻求解决实时交通问题的互联网平台。Flow将收集和分析大量的移动数据，包括谷歌地图、Waze、市政数据、交通流量检测数据等，从而找出引起拥堵的成因以及不同区域需要怎样的服务。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">这不仅仅是提供给交通运输相关官员使用的软件，Flow还将提供一个面向公众的实时交通信息发布和WIFI，并配有外部接口的自动信息服务终端，类似Link NYC正在beta测试阶段的产品。这样，根据Sidewalk实验室新闻稿发布，“市民可以无需智能手机或流量数据就可以使用新的动态移动服务”。 自动信息服务终端将包括遥感器传输的匿名停车位信息、交通流量和乘客需求。最终，这些传感器可以用作测试和调试无人驾驶汽车。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">上百个自动信息服务终端将被布设在赢得“智慧城市挑战”的城市中的25个低服务水平街区里，美国DOT还投资了4000万美元作为该技术研发的启动资金。现阶段的最终名单包括，三藩市、奥斯汀、哥伦布、丹佛、堪萨斯城、匹兹堡和波特兰，这批城市正在调整他们的计划书以解决如何使用这笔资金将无人驾驶汽车、车联网、智能传感器与现有交通网络结合在一起，他们也将帮助Sidewalk实验室一同完善Flow的开发应用技术。美国DOT，联合Paul Allen的Vulcan 公司就启动资金如何使用展开合作，并将在6月份宣布获胜城市。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">就目前各个城市呈现的计划书看，几乎都很适合Flow的模型。奥斯汀、丹佛、匹兹堡和波特兰都提出了以传感器为基础的技术计划。作为计划书的一部分，堪萨斯城和三藩市希望通过基础设施规范无人驾驶汽车，哥伦比亚还提出实时交通信息的需求和必要性。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">所有这些城市都可以最大限度利用Flow提供的资金进行交通基础设施改善升级。从技术、政策和法律的角度，他们在技术测试环境，尤其对无人驾驶汽车技术的应用中呈现了不同的优势和劣势。从这个意义上说，谷歌只能从获胜城市中获得尽可能多的利益，反之亦然。而现阶段，美国大部分城市都处于缺乏融资资本的环境当中，在某程度上说，这或许不是一件坏事。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: right;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0.2em 0.3em 0px 0px; overflow: hidden; height: 1em; max-width: 80% !important; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin-right: 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin: 0px 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="width: 0.2em; height: 0.2em; margin-left: 0.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160604/sibBI7oPxovRIgVIylG3wXbAW0fbSXHYiaWTCI2vV8fiaQXeBEfDuKJW2Yib58djDXZgVEeDJa8hwqXicUDNZonGQrQ.png" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(31, 156, 202);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: white;"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">02</section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="border-top-color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-size: 21px; border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: solid; padding: 1px 5px 0px; line-height: 1.2; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">谷歌无人驾驶汽车项目能否不受致命车祸的影响</strong></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-right-width: 0.5em; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><span style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; height: 2em; line-height: 2em; padding: 0px 5px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgba(211, 207, 206, 0.117647);" class=""><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ Adrienne Lafrance    翻译/ 忻子</section></span><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 0px; border-left-width: 0.5em; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(31, 156, 202); border-top-width: 1em !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 1em !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">想了解自动驾驶汽车的未来？本文先带你回顾一个多世纪以前的第一次致命的汽车碰撞吧。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160604/mee9Bdh9Tia9ccugo3ibbwYiaic0kaEszGzIDeNuU0X7zGYSv20oiaf5aH3lg1DOzGicoOtMNNYeyBKOKJB3z948Wdbw.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、街道数据可视化演示，一辆谷歌无人驾驶汽车行驶在山景城，加州，2015年9月。（Elijah Nouvelage / 路透社)</strong></em></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">每个人都知道这一天终会到来。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">谷歌经过多年对无人驾驶汽车的研发投入，超过140万英里的行驶测试，就在不久前，谷歌无人驾驶汽车的完美纪录却走到了尽头。在整个测试过程中，谷歌无人驾驶汽车只发生过不足20起的轻微交通事故，且无一事故是由无人驾驶汽车引起的。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">可是在2月14日，情况发生了改变。根据多份报告所示，当时谷歌无人驾驶汽车Lexus SUV行驶在加州山景城街头，撞上一辆公交车时，其行驶时速约为2英里。幸好并没有人在这次意外中受伤。当时，谷歌无人驾驶汽车正尝试变道超过前方的公交车，以躲过其车道前方的的沙袋。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">谷歌发表声明称：“我们愿意承担部分责任，因为如果我们的车没有移动，就不会发生这起碰撞事故。” 谷歌无人驾驶汽车中有测试驾驶员，他们随时准备接管无人驾驶汽车的控制权。当时谷歌无人驾驶汽车中的测试驾驶员错误地以为，前面的公交车将要减速或停车，以便让其变道超车。显然，谷歌无人驾驶汽车也是这样想的。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">这种交通事故迟早都会发生，因为谷歌无人驾驶汽车每周都会在公共街道上自动行驶1.5万英里。无疑，交通意外肯定能为谷歌工程师提供更多学习经验，有助于达成可靠、安全无人驾驶汽车的更大目标。我猜这场车祸并不会对大众舆论引起多大的改变。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">但，可能依然存在。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">在过去几个月中，我采访了数十名计算机科学家、人工智能研究员、工程师以及其他关注无人驾驶汽车发展的业内专家，几乎所有人都有同样的担忧：无人驾驶汽车引发的第一起致命交通事故迟早将出现。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">如果无人驾驶汽车能够兑现承诺，真的取代绝大多数人类驾驶的汽车，那么致命交通意外肯定会发生。更甚，这种意外可能毁掉之前的所有努力。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">公众对第一例无人驾驶汽车引发致命交通事故的反应，最终将决定这项技术的命运。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">这都是有先例可供借鉴的，诚然，小汽车从发明到成为主流技术，由于车祸导致的死亡并未能阻挠其发展。第一起被记录的由于车祸而死亡的事件发生在1899年的美国，当时纽约市一名正在从电车下车的男子被出租车撞死。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">此后30年不断发生的致命交通事故，促使学者和法官们进行讨论，汽车是否天性邪恶？到20世纪20年代，汽车在城市中已经造成太多人死亡，纽约、底特律等城市的民众开始举行游行示威，呼吁加强交通安全。游行队伍中，还有拖车拖着被撞毁的汽车。根据底特律新闻报道：</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">有些汽车残骸中的司机还打扮成魔鬼撒旦的模样，乘客则被装扮成血淋淋的尸体。由于交通事故造成瘫痪的儿童被安排坐在车尾座并向人行道上的观众招手。在华盛顿、纽约市举行的游行中，上万名孩童打扮成鬼魂，代表当年因车祸死亡的每一位受害者。他们后面跟着的是一群悲痛欲绝的年轻母亲，她们身上戴着白色或金色的星星，代表着她们在车祸中失去了自己的孩子。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">最后，交通安全法律法规相继出台，包括交通灯、清晰的车道线、限速标志等设置标准。汽车安全技术也得到改善。汽车上安装了防碎挡风玻璃、转向信号车灯、停车制动器等，最后还有安全带和安全气囊。在20世纪70年代，美国每年大约有6万人死于交通意外。到2013年，每年死于车祸的人数已经下降了一半。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">无人驾驶汽车将再次大幅降低车祸致死人数。正如许多研究人员坚信的那样，到本世纪末，无人驾驶汽车可将因车祸死亡的人数降低90%以上，无人驾驶能挽救与反烟行动一样多的生命。</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">但是事实上，无人驾驶汽车依然需要面对大量伦理道德和监管挑战的不确定性。其中最大的问题之一就是社会本性：公众如何接受一辆百分百自动化却无法保证百分百安全的汽车，即使它比人类驾驶更安全？</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">虽然这一天还没有到来，这不过是谷歌最近发生的一次碰撞，但直到那一天，答案将会慢慢被揭示。</section><section style="text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 24px; color: rgb(254, 178, 38); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 27px; line-height: 43.2px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">欢<span style="line-height: 43.2px; color: rgb(129, 190, 161); box-sizing: border-box;">度</span><span style="line-height: 43.2px; color: rgb(253, 103, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">六</span><span style="line-height: 43.2px; color: rgb(4, 147, 200); box-sizing: border-box;">一</span></strong></span></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin: 0px 0%;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160604/A89ULVjcQOiabVZfqSbIFdia9YiaTAOaic8mzx77LXqZlG2FLRbiab2aDPXHgwgHYnIIVgaPjeXC6CEB2iaVJL6hR3CA.png" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" text-align: center;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160604/mee9Bdh9Tia9ccugo3ibbwYiaic0kaEszGzIKHIJYAx5vf7g0iaPHkBkAlc21EJbs2sWtzWSsxubpZz2WCURu1LemFw.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="color: rgb(243, 115, 178); font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="text-align: center; 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"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160604/mee9Bdh9Tia9ccugo3ibbwYiaic0kaEszGzINPIcxx5D5YCaaSXdeqqhj8pqb6QMoPq2OiaXnLTdMkNiac9zeLEMZib6w.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">「 欢迎投稿 」</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">我们作为专业志愿者团体，秉承理想，帮助中国可持续发展。并为之贡献：理念与传播、培训与教育、实践与孵化。欢迎您加入我们一起并肩前行！</section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section><section style="text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box;">2014-2016 ? 转载请注明：<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  />源自公众号“一览众山小-可持续城市与交通”</section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;  box-sizing: border-box; "><img src="http://up.upnews.cn/images/20160604/mee9Bdh9Tia9ccugo3ibbwYiaic0kaEszGzINnwg2IEOCLLonwBZiaHo03yBdR6c81M5QZjYmwDXayZibs8X4Dj2pTdA.jpg" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="   box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: left; font-size: 12px; 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