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<section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;min-height: 1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(226, 138, 53);margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;text-align: center;"><img width="auto" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;width: 100%;height: auto;text-align: justify;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);visibility: visible;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;" data-ratio="0.08359375" data-type="jpeg" data-s="300,640" data-w="1280" data-backw="562" data-backh="47" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/VUQicaUeJAkQ4HAvV9ywJiap7GH3SLsdGjAj3IZNKmdwUue2iaRgjAqtVyPMJymnW5UZMibUQCSuZpYU1G8lqSF8yA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg"  /></strong></strong><br  /></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br  /></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;line-height: 25.6px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;text-align: left;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(2, 30, 170);margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 20px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">公共领域的田野志</span></strong></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;line-height: 25.6px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;text-align: left;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(2, 30, 170);margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 20px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">：</span></strong></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;line-height: 25.6px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;text-align: left;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(2, 30, 170);margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 20px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">（不）参与、共存与情境多样性的挑战</span></strong></strong></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><em style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(2, 30, 170);font-size: 18px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">Public Realm Ethnography: (Non-)participation, Co-presence and the Challenge of Situated Multiplicity</strong></em></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;line-height: 1.5em;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">源自：<em>Urban Studies</em>, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098020904261</span></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;line-height: 1.5em;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">作者：Alasdair Jones</span></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;line-height: 1.5em;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">推荐：邵亦文，深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院。</span></span><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">yiwenshao@szu.edu.cn</span></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;line-height: 1.5em;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"> </span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">“田野志”（ethnography，或译作“人种志”“民族志”）这一名词来自人类学，不仅是从事城市社会学研究的重要方法，也经常指代都市社区社会生活和特定群体文化的描绘性记述成果。最近几十年国内外学者针对城市公共空间的生产、意义和体验的田野志研究显著增长。然而作者发现由于很多研究者混淆了本位领域（parochial realm，原义为教区）和公共领域（public realm）这两个概念，以至于他们的研究设计往往过于草率（jerry-rigged）。本位领域田野志尽管基于一定场所，但是在本质上以社会群体、社会实践和社会活动为研究导向，仅视公共空间为地点（public space as locus）来揭示同一都市社区内相互交际的邻人的共性观念。与之形成鲜明对比的是，公共领域田野志视公共空间为焦点（public space as focus），是真正的以场所为导向的研究。在公共领域的日常生活中，人们共同生活却并不彼此认同，社会关系相对分离彼此疏远，且难以追溯定型的共同文化。英国地理学者艾什·艾米据此总结出公共领域的社会性具有两个重要的组织原则：其一，以情境多样性为城市常态（situated multiplicity as the defining urban norm）；其二，以陌生人共存为基础特征（co-presence as being on common ground）。作者引述美国社会学者林恩·洛夫兰德的观点，认为以往众多采用参与观察法（participant observation）描述街头生活的城市公共空间田野志研究大多都可以归为本位领域研究，而非公共领域研究。鉴于公共领域的以上两大特征，在缺少了核心群体活动、体制性角色和（次）文化活动的条件下，参与观察法的适用性面临重大挑战。针对这一困境，作者回顾了四位有代表性的人类学家所采用的实地调查技术，总结出了一套以非参与性、巡回性、多感知性视觉数据收集为基础，辅以简短的拦截访问（intercept interview）的公共领域田野志方法论。这套被作者称为“共存认知”（co-present cognition）的方法论对于我们认知城市公共领域和设计相关研究方法而言，无疑具有相当的参考和启发价值。</span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"> </span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: center;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><img class="__bg_gif" style="box-sizing: border-box;height: auto;letter-spacing: 0.54px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;vertical-align: top;visibility: visible;width: 72px;" data-ratio="0.3466666666666667" data-type="gif" data-w="75" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/VUQicaUeJAkQ8JEeocP4xUFEXymwa97bTvJ83xt4wgz7CEAgaXml24mI93kydiakGmPgzEnvv5GsHUUOUJWhEibQg/640?wx_fmt=gif"  /></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"> </span><span style=";"> </span></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;overflow-wrap: break-word;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;line-height: 25.6px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;text-align: left;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(2, 30, 170);margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 20px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">黑人女性主义与激进规划：灾难规划研究的新方向</span></strong></strong></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><em style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(2, 30, 170);font-size: 18px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">Black Feminism and Radical Planning: New Directions for Disaster Planning Research</strong></em></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;line-height: 1.5em;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">源自：<em>Planning Theory</em>, 2019 , 18(1)：24-39</span></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;line-height: 1.5em;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">作者：Fayola Jacobs</span></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: left;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;line-height: 1.5em;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">推荐：曹康，浙江大学区域与城市规划系。</span></span><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.54px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">k_cao@126.com</span></span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"> </span></section><section style="margin: 0px 8px;padding: 0px;text-align: justify;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-transform: none;text-indent: 0px;letter-spacing: normal;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant: normal;font-weight: 400;text-decoration: none;word-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;orphans: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">本文是《规划理论》期刊推选为欧洲规划院校联合会年度最佳论文的候选论文之一，文章把“自然”灾害或风险与贫困、性别与种族等因素联系起来，同时也将气候变化、韧性、灾害管理等新议题与社会公平、激进规划（radical planning）等传统议题联系起来。灾害研究是社会学当中的一个新领域。布莱 基等于1994年出版的灾害研究专著《风险之中》（</span><span style="font-size: 15px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;"><em style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">At Risk</em></span><span style="font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;">）一书中提出了“社会脆弱性”（social 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