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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.4153386" data-w="1004" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9TiaibnPCK1xCFMN9KfJwpgynPJGJlJ1uWvsW8Ro0q4gzJ58hiaZpKVImPOnk8mGYa93Yiav6pHu5XxyB4g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 17px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;border-style: none none solid solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 185, 205) rgb(255, 185, 205) rgb(160, 160, 160) rgb(160, 160, 160);margin: 0px;flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;padding: 0px 10px 10px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -7px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-right: 1px solid rgb(160, 160, 160);border-top-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);margin: 6px 0% 8px;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;height: 15px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(230, 236, 239, 0.7);border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-6px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-6px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-6px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-6px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(99, 99, 99);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“”八月档即将推出We The Resilient系列之《波士顿滨海城市洪灾韧性设计导则（2019版）》，敬请期待！</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;border-bottom: 1.6em solid rgba(160, 160, 160, 0.5);border-left: 0.9em solid transparent 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style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(248, 231, 214);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(239, 233, 207, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 17%;background-color: rgb(242, 207, 201);align-self: flex-start;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section 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style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(216, 223, 224);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br 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12px;box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ Campaign for Better Transit   </span></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">翻译/ 尚雪峰、李露、罗津宇、陈硕</span></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">程曲、王晓彬、西多、白珂炎   </span></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">校验/ 夏晨阳   文献/ 夏晨阳</span></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">编辑/ 众山小   排版/ 孔倩</span></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">微博 | weibo.com/</span></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 76.5781px;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: -30px 0% 10px;justify-content: center;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);opacity: 0.23;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 30%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="3.845" data-w="400" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/nbyBZsZjYf6Zpd510cyLNJ32VSia5my6jRLH8WaYv1VJwrqDziakROGY6HKK2pEAU0uicNdgtic2BDTpcfrNX8oAzQ/640?wx_fmt=png/format,webp" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png/format,webp"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;opacity: 0.35;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 120px;height: 53px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-bottom: 1px none rgb(242, 207, 201);border-bottom-right-radius: 100px;border-left: 0px none rgb(242, 207, 201);border-bottom-left-radius: 100px;background-color: rgb(248, 231, 214);border-right: 0px dashed rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 17%;background-color: rgb(216, 223, 224);align-self: flex-start;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="transform: rotateZ(270deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(270deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(270deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(270deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;opacity: 0.23;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 35px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-bottom: 1px none rgb(242, 207, 201);border-bottom-right-radius: 100px;border-left: 1px none rgb(242, 207, 201);border-bottom-left-radius: 100px;background-color: rgb(99, 182, 196);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(242, 207, 201);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% -60px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;opacity: 0.17;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 65px;height: 130px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-bottom: 1px none rgb(242, 207, 201);border-bottom-right-radius: 100px;border-left: 0px none rgb(242, 207, 201);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;background-color: rgb(242, 207, 201);border-right: 0px dashed rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 100px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 24%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 43%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 14%;background-color: rgba(216, 223, 224, 0.32);align-self: flex-end;margin: 0px 0px -20px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 52%;background-color: rgb(242, 241, 235);padding: 5px 0px;align-self: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(186, 146, 143);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览导读</strong></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 14%;background-color: rgba(242, 207, 201, 0.28);align-self: flex-start;margin: -20px 0px 0px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0%;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: bottom;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;padding: 0px 12px;border-left: 2px dashed rgba(227, 169, 124, 0.43);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 2px none rgb(227, 169, 124);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-right: 2px none rgba(227, 169, 124, 0.43);border-top-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 7px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;padding: 0px;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">交通的资助方式和支付方式应该被改变。COVID-19为政府提供了解决运输市场长期失调问题的时间，例如解决缺乏智能的或是基于账户的客票体系，以及不适当的补贴机制。 </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们建议政府在以下四个方面进行探索:</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府如何支持地方交通？</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">消费者如何支付交通费用？</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">鼓励私营部门投资？</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地方交通当局如何创造收入，以促进向更可持续的交通系统的转变？</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 140px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-top: 0px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-left-radius: 100px;border-left: 0px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-left-radius: 100px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHOLcXbX5kNFSneiahJV9loiaBickiaKRt5ZQ8tbCAF9gRyG4x4KvJ5MCANg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");background-position: 378.622% -2276.92%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 234.416%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100px;height: 200px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHOLcXbX5kNFSneiahJV9loiaBickiaKRt5ZQ8tbCAF9gRyG4x4KvJ5MCANg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");background-position: 82.8707% -2257.89%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 234.876%;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px 100px 100px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="justify-content: flex-start;margin: 30px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 140px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px 100px 100px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 40px 0% 0px;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 21px;color: rgb(160, 211, 192);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">团队</strong></p></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 211, 192);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">脸萌</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/BELiauf7yqumB35ErJmXRjSdia35xDcH9WPR3AD7h8mat3vYoOTm60o2f3a6lIKibK101L0ZogPgTVI96wTbfjDcg/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 25.8037% -43.1473%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 29.7866%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-right: 1px dashed rgb(127, 127, 127);border-top-right-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">1</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHxe8jT5I8iaqvozEPQgU3VpUeibiasyP8Cxt2t95TrPwjheqFFL4icYItFQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">2</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHtRupvfYy44txKxfiacXxoH02GmvEsia9EicblNBgKOv73c2lovhqmTkWg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9925093632958801" data-w="267"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(133, 134, 135);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-right: 1px dashed rgb(127, 127, 127);border-top-right-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</em></span></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHt55VSnScibS8520nia9yroo6ED1JPVNP1TmIvzmMl9I0CsLJJtWTxhTg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</em></span></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pH1nd2mnL3bjZibSzugu0m4GZzYDbS98nw6IYkoDeUypIibByy27GfStfw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(133, 134, 135);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-right: 1px dashed rgb(127, 127, 127);border-top-right-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">5</span></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHYCR1ZZj4k9rX7wofcicKxmNEEE5iaGmaQyHWJVS797cdUIZGR2dnJZNw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;text-decoration:underline;">6</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHRU33fcibDyCLFTeZ3zzMIs9SoDaBib65dZlxdh0aGIicLPibN9xXaK9RZA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/BELiauf7yqumB35ErJmXRjSdia35xDcH9WPR3AD7h8mat3vYoOTm60o2f3a6lIKibK101L0ZogPgTVI96wTbfjDcg/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 25.8037% -43.1473%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 29.7866%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-right: 1px dashed rgb(127, 127, 127);border-top-right-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">7</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHAhLGZnfBf3PjAafUpTbVV6iaiace13jUjEugLlWW5AuwqVpd5X0J2ibQw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">8</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pH3DkibRHjOfDVEzAfaDKQ9PPhvHFHdXNvPXC0XCX6bhUIM0DeHfhVVZw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(133, 134, 135);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-right: 1px dashed rgb(127, 127, 127);border-top-right-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">9</em></span></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHhyJPia0Ay95nHQJFdcNaZpuIkn00V6nDVFe0o4QibZ01K3qQMFvCF2icQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;text-decoration:underline;">0</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibnPCK1xCFMN9KfJwpgynPJ9k3tg0fGD2EwiaHbUvdiclcotOPzRU6u5pGXQqy4UzZx0IclwNyIzSKA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70%;vertical-align: top;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 0px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;background-color: rgb(242, 207, 201);padding: 8px;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 0px;border-width: 0px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;z-index: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -30px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 6px 13px;background-color: rgb(242, 241, 235);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(186, 146, 143);font-size: 20px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(186, 146, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">四、改变交通支付方式</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 52.4375px;height: auto;margin: -20px 0px 0px -10px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;z-index: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(216, 223, 224);border-radius: 100%;border-width: 2px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgba(239, 233, 207, 0);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="opacity: 0.43;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 1%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 150px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 99%;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(239, 205, 175);border-radius: 100%;border-width: 2px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgba(239, 233, 207, 0);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 1%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 150px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 99%;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;height: auto;padding: 0px 13px 13px;border-left: 2px none rgba(227, 169, 124, 0.43);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 2px none rgba(227, 169, 124, 0.43);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-right: 2px none rgba(227, 169, 124, 0.43);border-top-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(110, 65, 157);text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">政府对地方交通的支持</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(146, 118, 116);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文所提方案需要的资金将比目前划拨的资金更多。政府应尽快宣布年内的资金来源，并明确承诺今后一年的资金来源，以便保证市场和地方当局的确定性。支持本计划未来五年的资本和资源资金，应通过秋季的支出来确定，同时还应制定详细的进一步计划。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">交通系统升级过程中，应将用于地方交通的资金圈起来，以便在适当的情况，且有完备的交通计划下，再将资金通过地方政府输送给地方交通，从而实现一个更完整、更稳定的交通网络。这种方法能够促进快速推出在车队和连接方面的改进。政府应要求地方当局将当地公共汽车服务纳入他们的地方综合交通计划。</p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;height: auto;padding: 0px 13px 13px;border-left: 2px none rgba(227, 169, 124, 0.43);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 2px none rgba(227, 169, 124, 0.43);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-right: 2px none rgba(227, 169, 124, 0.43);border-top-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">基础设施</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(146, 118, 116);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府应该优先投资基础设施建设，以建立一个可持续的交通系统。为了鼓励出行，现运作的公共汽车和电动汽车基础设施投资应该成为当地的优先事项。为了加强铁路运输，铁路网应重新规划建设所需投资，并应交付重新开通的铁路。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过铁路和公共汽车服务将交通不发达地区连接起来，将提升该地区的就业机会和服务的可达性。在东米德兰兹地区(23%)、西南地区(22%)和西米德兰兹地区(21%)，对人们来说到达火车站是一个很困难的。通过新线路和车站来扩大铁路网，可能对交通不发达的地区特别有利。政府应拨出47.4亿至63.7亿英镑用于铁路重新开通项目。未来5年，该基金将投入18.2亿英镑用于实施计划，同时还将投入10亿英镑用于未来计划的快速交通发展。这将带来至少33个重新开放计划，包括72个新车站与预计25年内恢复343英里的客运服务。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府需要制定一项现实生活与数字化的基础设施投资方案，以支持当地交通。这应该包括新一代的模式换乘，将公交网络与铁路和其他交通形式连接起来，以满足第一英里和最后一英里的出行。以及有针对性的投资，使高速公路和其他战略性道路更有利于公交。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了减少拥堵对服务可靠性的影响，公交优先和改善公共汽车服务的基础设施是必要的，这是公共汽车使用率下降的一个原因。政府应该为地方公交基础设施提供资金，鼓励地方政府在公交专用道、城市交通控制、信号灯优先、公交等候设施、换乘处和公交车站等方面的投资。政府应根据地方当局制定的计划来分配资金。</p></section><section style="opacity: 0.35;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TicNoBpDTxkDl333lVov8X94JKkK2nAS82k2M6RibzJ500ibDKCOKibF1rfyd0VEXMaUiaCy3WIrWNgP2ea58icWKXbg/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 100% 100%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9TiaibnPCK1xCFMN9KfJwpgynPJrSRtCuPLOBOAFS5CZ0T89XWicSjbTxbcOTI4QNsppO0qHgmKwaibibicPw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.487962962962963" data-w="1080"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">公交收入资金</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">目前公共汽车服务的资金结构很复杂。目前的资金状况不能确保公共部门的多项支出能实现价值，包括公交服务运营商补助金（BSOG）、特惠出行、NHS（国民保健服务系统）患者交通服务、学校交通和社会服务。BSOG仍然是一个很生硬的手段。国家优惠出行计划的资金未能跟上通货膨胀的步伐，却对某一特定人口特征的公交卡持有人提供特权，使其高于其他同等的群体。其需要解决来自不同政府部门的多重资金来源问题。在COVID-19之后，这些供资机制不应继续以目前的形式存在。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">政府将需要采取措施，解决目前资金分散和短期的问题。税收支持应进行改革，并更好地以实现特定利益为目标，以达到预期的结果，例如增加公共汽车的使用，确保对社区至关重要的社会必要服务到位。现有的短期筹资安排是无法做到这一点的。税收资金来源应合并在一个单一的、封闭的、稳定的资金框架内，涵盖税收和纳税人税收对地方政府的资金支持。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">对于新的收入补贴机制，有两个要素需要探索：改善供应的主要资金来源，以及在疫情恢复的过渡时期，有新的资金来源之前提供给所有运营商的普遍补贴性的资金流。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">主要资金应确保为以下目的提供收入支持:</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><ul class="list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: disc;box-sizing: border-box;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">保留和启动当地认为具有社会重要性的服务，包括支持晚上和周末的服务</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">促进全面运输模式的推广，该模式将为地方运输服务提供资金和运营，以支持地方一级的社会必要服务</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">为优惠票价和降低票价的针对性措施提供资金</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">鼓励消费者改乘公共交通</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">加速新城市公交服务的使用，如需求响应型交通工具</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">开创郊区运输的新模式</span></p></li></ul><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">补充资金流可被视为新的收入支持机制的一部分，作为一项措施，使公交服务运营商补助金（BSOG）顺利过渡到新的资金环境。主要收入资金用于改善出行者体验，而补充资金流应该是更广泛的支持，鼓励资助模式转变以支持那些不具有商业可行性的服务。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">政府应该考虑以下补充资金来源:</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><ul class="list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: disc;box-sizing: border-box;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">根据每位乘客或每英里，支付基本的补充费用。</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">除基本补充补贴外，只有零排放公交车才有资格获得额外的奖励，以鼓励公交向零排放公交车转变。</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">对汽油或者柴油等非清洁能源汽车的支持应逐渐减少，污染最严重的汽车将立即失去支持(欧标IV或更低)，到2025年将取消对所有非清洁能源汽车的支持。</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">补充资金流应逐渐减少，以降低对所有公交服务的补助水平。受疫情后重建资助步伐的影响，最迟将于2030年撤回。</span></p></li></ul><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">通过其资金，政府将不再为非清洁能源公交车提供拨款或税收支持，因为这将阻碍其实现具有法律约束力的温室气体净零排放目标和改善空气质量的义务。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">政府应确认未来五年至少80亿英镑的资金分配，用于收入支持和优惠票价，这相当于当前的年度结算。今年早些时候，政府宣布将拨款50亿英镑用于公共汽车和自行车，另外30亿英镑将用于公共汽车服务的转型。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">铁路</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(146, 118, 116);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">铁路的资金将继续主要来自车票收入和公共投资，但还需要其他工具来实现铁路所带来的全部经济、社会和环境效益的价值。未来的公共投资应该得到保证，以便有明确的投资渠道。新发展项目应考虑邻近铁路服务的相关优势。这可以通过将土地规划和投资决策结合起来的区域模式来实现。车站的经营者应该把更多的责任放在站前零售上，并通过租赁零售单元提供收入来源，这有利于当地社区。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">消费者如何支付交通费用</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">应优先考虑改革票价、票价结构和票务工作。但是，一段时间以来，很多人都觉得公共交通的性价比不高。鉴于新冠疫情（COVID-19）对经济的潜在影响，政府应取消2021年1月到期的下一次铁路加价计划，而这一在2020年8月公布7月的通货膨胀时被确认。但现阶段提高铁路票价，对于降低通勤成本并鼓励乘客回流和来说，会起到反作用。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通票价的制定需要一个新的方法，应解决未来票价上涨（或减少）的问题，以及如何计算这些涨幅。应反思票价结构。目前，不同种类的车票和票价带来有太多令人混乱的选项，乘客无法不假思索的做出最划算的选择。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">从乘客的角度来看，多运营商及多票务模式的整合将带来许多好处，例如简化购票程序及提高乘客的可负担力。</span><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">由于不再使用纸质票，该部门将默认使用乘客的数字票务和预订系统。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">尽快简化票价结构和建立基于账户的票务程序。为了建立更加分散更加综合的交通系统，伦敦以外城市的多式联票和区间票价的设立应尽快实施。承担铁路管理职责的地方交通部门应考虑引入新的票价结构，车票在各运营商之间都有效，这样，如果乘客需要转换车次或从火车换乘巴士，仍就会畅通无阻。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">政府需要介入并促进这一计划，邀请运营商参与制定以账户为基础的票务方案，并建立必要的系统。需要对后端系统进行投资，开放整个运输部门的数据，并提供应用程序的接口，以便技术公司和运营商能够向消费者提供新的零售和运输的信息产品。还应积极整合各种模式，包括由政府提供用于支持更便捷的实物交换的资本融资，用于旅程规划的数据和广泛采用的多模式票务。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">由于季票规则的僵化，那些不需要每天通勤的人经常面临着两难选择，无法充分使用又不能转让的全职季票，或者买对经常或定期出行的人来说没有任何折扣的昂贵的每日"随时"票。随着新冠疫情之后工作模式发生改变，每周至少有一部分时间在家工作的可能性也越来越大，从而将会有更多的兼职上班族。因此应该有一系列新的有上限的、灵活的季票产品，更好地满足这种需求。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">政府应分析优惠票价的模式，以及这些模式的资金来源。它应支持那些将受益于优惠票价的特定人口，以改善受教育和就业的机会，通过使那些最没有票价负担能力的人能够出行，从而为经济带来回报。保持公共交通的低票价和提高乘客人数至关重要。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">鼓励私营部门投资</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">政府应支持大规模采购零排放的车队，以降低成本，但应限制来自政府的资金，鼓励私人融资和租赁，以减少过渡到零排放车队的前期投资成本。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">例如，政府应提供资金以启动向零排放公交车队转型，其明确目的是增加对零排放公交车的需求，并支持车厂基础设施的建设，以使城镇更新交通网络。政府</span><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">应利用私营部门的投资募集基金，以便全面改革</span><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">英国公交车队和达到车厂所需的规模，这就需要新的私人融资模式，政府应促进新的租赁计划或ROSCO式的公交车模式。这应该支持电池电动车（BEV）和燃料电池电动车（FCEV）技术。政府应该为此拨出10亿英镑，联合政府应最大化利用“城市转型”资金。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">筹集新的收入</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">应该开发替代性收入来源，为地方交通部门提供长期和有保障的收入来源，使其能够减少对中央政府财政收入资金的依赖，以支持其地方交通网络的建设。运输系统应奖励可持续交通，并遵循"污染者付费"的原则，在鼓励使用公共交通、积极出行和共享交通的同时，减少造成污染或导致拥堵的交通服务的使用。地方交通主管部门应能自由地使用这些将影响行为和选择的增收工具。这些收入应仅限于资助公共交通网络和服务的改善以及道路的维护。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">工作地点停车税（WPL）</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">自2000年开始，尽管征收方案必须由国家交通部大臣批准，英国的地方政府已经开始享有征收WPL——一种基于持有停车地点数量而就某个特定区域中的部分面积所交的税——的权力。到目前为止，诺丁汉仍是唯一开始征收WPL的城市，但许多英国地方政府及伦敦下属行政区已经正在考虑征收这种税。为了加快此项政策的实施，政府应当颁布就阐明流程、适用条件、以及可征税数目（正如伦敦市长已经在下属行政区指导意见中所提出的）的指导意见，并取消税收必须经由国家大臣批准的规定。通过此项政策征收的税收收入应当用于特定的当地交通建设，让更加有活力的公共交通直接惠及那些缴税的企业以及它们的员工和顾客。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">道路使用费</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">司机目前要缴纳车辆消费税和燃油税，由中央政府直接收取。然而，这些税费并没有将道路使用的全部成本内部化，因此没有将道路空间的使用与使用成本联系起来。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">我们需要一种新的定价方式——对消费者来说，这是一个明确的主张，能捕捉到车辆使用道路空间带来的全方位影响，包括拥堵、空气污染和碳排放。道路使用收费机制应该更有利于消费者和企业。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">和现有的方法相比，现有的技术能够允许更复杂的充电方法。充电机制应基于行驶距离、时间、地点、排放水平以及对车辆环境的影响。这种可变的、以距离为基础的收费方式可以更恰当地反映出个人行程的影响，并且与清洁空气区或拥堵收费不同，可以同时考虑到污染和拥堵问题。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">英格兰地方当局自2000年起就有权力实施道路使用收费。中央政府应简化交通主管部门实行道路使用收费的手段，并向地方主管部门发布新的指导意见。此外，政府应推出地方交通主管部门可以参与的全国性距离收费计划。国家计划也可适用于战略道路网，其收入由英格兰公路局保留，用于道路维护。地方道路的交通收入应由地方交通主管部门保留，以资助道路维护、模式转变和公共交通改善。应简化地方道路的管理，将权力和资金转移给联合政府（如果有的话），同时管理任何地方筹集的收入。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">随着道路交通电动化步伐的加快，这将为所有车辆就其影响和对道路空间的使用提供一个收费机制。车辆消费税和燃料税将随着时间的推移而下降，但在短期内可以增加，以鼓励从化石燃料车辆转向零排放。再加上大力投资于提供可靠、便宜、清洁和综合的公共交通，以替代私家车，这将有效地鼓励减少对汽车的依赖。尤其是在城市和大城镇。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 0px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;background-color: rgb(242, 207, 201);padding: 8px;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 0px;border-width: 0px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;z-index: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -30px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 6px 13px;background-color: rgb(242, 241, 235);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(186, 146, 143);font-size: 20px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(186, 146, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">五、促进向快速更新转变</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 52.4375px;height: auto;margin: -20px 0px 0px -10px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;z-index: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(216, 223, 224);border-radius: 100%;border-width: 2px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgba(239, 233, 207, 0);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="opacity: 0.43;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 1%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 150px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 99%;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(239, 205, 175);border-radius: 100%;border-width: 2px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgba(239, 233, 207, 0);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 1%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 150px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 99%;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: left;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(146, 118, 116);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">当政府解除封锁，并考虑在使用量仍然低迷的情况下维持公共交通供应的方法时，政府可以采取一些措施，以促进更快的恢复。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">临时筹资安排</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(146, 118, 116);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通的使用持续减少，将导致运营商和交通局的收入减少，在短期内危及服务和该部门的生存能力。政府需要在整个恢复阶段为地方交通局、联合政府和公共汽车运营商(包括市政运营商)的公共汽车、轻轨和地铁运营提供持续的过渡资金。政府必须确保在大流行病过后其公共交通服务仍能维持运营和行业运作。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在巴士经费方面，短期内应继续采用现行的通过CBSSG（COVID-19服务支持资金）提供经费的办法。随着载客数和需求的增加，有必要增加资金，但收入仍然太低，无法维持运营。因此经营者和地方交通局必须确保在短期内（直到10月或11月）能够支付这些费用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一旦这个供资期结束，政府应建立一个适当的临时供资制度，以在大流行病后期维持地方网络，并进入一个新的永久性供资环境。在地方交通局制定了适当的计划（与运营商共同制定）的情况下，应通过地方交通局提供资金，所有资金，尤其是巴士资金，都应受到限制，不能挪作他用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对于铁路部门来说，政府应该在最初的6个月期限过后续签电子协议。由于乘客数量和收入仍将保持在较低水平，仍需要持续的支持。修订后的欧洲铁路协会的有效期应为18个月，以激励业绩、效率来降低成本，并实施创新以改善服务和乘客体验。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这项资金安排将有助于在短期内维持服务水平，同时鼓励实施铁路部门的新安排。</p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(110, 65, 157);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">关于使用公共交通工具的公共信息</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">政府目前对使用公共交通工具的建议是：</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9TiaibnPCK1xCFMN9KfJwpgynPJR5WibMNMHTcVXiaIiayZKqO0Drt6KicQopibIAuaVOSr8Yn8Fw4uDIicxDpQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.1836734693877551" data-w="1078"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(146, 118, 116);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">因此，目前的信息是鼓励人们默认使用汽车。民调显示，一旦放宽出行限制，更多的人（约60%）更有可能开车，而不是使用公共交通，而更有可能骑自行车和步行（54%）。同一调查发现，53%的人在前一周开车，而骑自行车的人占8%，使用地铁/火车和公交车的人分别占1%和2%。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9TiaibnPCK1xCFMN9KfJwpgynPJLqDvB84PYR3bATZn38910gTtOEOlBy8IVMia8rW3asy3DoxMLkppnibA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.21557971014492755" data-w="552"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(142, 201, 101);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">民调显示，一旦放宽出行限制，每10人中就有6人开车，而不是乘坐公共交通工具。</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(146, 118, 116);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(146, 118, 116);box-sizing: border-box;">在人们养成新的出行习惯之前，需要解决这个问题。随着封锁措施的放松，更多的人被鼓励返回工作岗位和商店，需求可能会增加，为了启动经济，在国家和地方两级必须就如何和何时使用交通工具进行不同的沟通。相关部门应向乘客保证公共交通是安全的，并鼓励他们再次使用公共交通，从而使他们的信心开始恢复。同样重要的是，要向运营商和公众传达一项长期计划，其中要有明确的公共交通预期使用里程碑，以便及时改变人们的出行方式。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="color: rgb(186, 146, 143);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">～ THE END ～</strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(243, 167, 186);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -40px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 5px solid rgb(237, 194, 113);border-top-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(181, 190, 143);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(243, 167, 186);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -30px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);opacity: 0.77;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 42px;color: rgba(68, 69, 225, 0.86);letter-spacing: 7px;line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 40%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHaoA1x8XZRVs6Cdsfq6G5scEJP5y4vz2xuSZS4zx1UvUOQRmibn0wtQQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1.4122938530734632" data-w="667"  /></section></section><section style="transform: rotateZ(180deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(180deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(180deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -30px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px) rotateX(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px) rotateX(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px) rotateX(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px) rotateX(180deg);opacity: 0.77;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 42px;color: rgba(68, 69, 225, 0.86);letter-spacing: 7px;line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">免费下载<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 2px none rgb(255, 202, 0);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(125, 146, 160);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="line-height: 1.8;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">免费下载一览众山小提供的原文资料：</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">微信公众号 后台留言<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">或电邮 Daizongliu@qq.com </p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(181, 190, 143);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgba(228, 11, 66, 0.12);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 6px;line-height: 1.6em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-radius: 6px 0px 0px 6px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">01</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 3px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Covid-19 Recovery</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">Renewing the </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">transport system</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHaoA1x8XZRVs6Cdsfq6G5scEJP5y4vz2xuSZS4zx1UvUOQRmibn0wtQQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1.4122938530734632" data-w="667"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHibtnWcGFTR8LengbibZWfoSzFTx4myXVz7Vb0EL4t0jJKf7VibHBt6Exg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1.4484375" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaibFj1PknibvJrtNjVeQON3pHBjYE4UldTibP8zGxQTznqVdutsapDAXf8EKyNrARlJhjRBTOGia7XibRg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1.4708661417322835" data-w="635"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 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0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(246, 199, 211);box-sizing: border-box;"> 欢迎 </span> | 后台留言关键词"志愿者"申请加入</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2014-2020 ? 转载请注明：</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">转载自公众号“”</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section>
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