国匠城工作台

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<section style="background-color: rgb(254, 251, 251);box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;" data-mpa-powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 30px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(24, 54, 118);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -30px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 24px;color: rgb(15, 60, 143);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(253, 251, 251);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">导读</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(95, 156, 239);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中国近代最早的城市规划是在上世纪二十年代开始的。提起中国近代最早的城市规划，有人会想到南京首都计划，或者大上海中心区规划，但答案其实是鲜为人知的苏州市工务计划。本期“规划科普”栏目，【】特别邀请湖南大学建筑学院柳肃教授，为我们带来中国近代最早的城市规划——《苏州工务计划》。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 52%;padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 1px;border-style: solid dotted solid none;border-left-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);border-right-color: rgb(152, 152, 152);padding: 5px 0px 5px 10px;border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;border-top-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文字数：</strong><span style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;">2454字</span></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">阅读时间：</strong><span style="color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;">8分钟</span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30%;padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 24px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-width: 2px;border-style: dashed;border-color: transparent;border-radius: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 3em;height: 3em;border-radius: 100%;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 100%;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZOfnmpe4VdXLpicCZOxVgfSIo0mJAJpHl0dXL3jFDN1uUWxOiaRuWRxkgnWz96E5icc3jZWtUNAmhLg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"> <img data-ratio="1" data-w="1024" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCZOfnmpe4VdXLpicCZOxVgfSIo0mJAJpHl0dXL3jFDN1uUWxOiaRuWRxkgnWz96E5icc3jZWtUNAmhLg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 3px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);border-right-color: rgb(15, 60, 143);padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="line-height: 2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">作者 | 柳肃</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">湖南大学建筑学院教授</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="line-height: 2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中国古代也有城市规划，并且早在两千多年前的《周礼》中就有关于都城规划的相关制度。最著名的就是《考工记》中的“匠人营国，方九里，旁三门。国中九经九纬，经涂九轨。左祖右社，面朝后市，市朝一夫。”<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">这种规划制度在中国历史上延续了两千多年，我们今天能看到的明清北京城的规划仍然还有这种制度的影子。</strong></span></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: block;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(253, 251, 251);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform-style: flat;transform: perspective(0px);-webkit-transform: perspective(0px);-moz-transform: perspective(0px);-o-transform: perspective(0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 30px 0% -10px;justify-content: flex-start;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 20%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6572104" data-w="423" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/s43Iu2mEpNicMGUB55ibycfwWDzuhWxpicmicIvrxKkJ7p4MObYiaVGiaRPYw07yQZictqh9mwGCeFEc7EbMRFQVzD35g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -70px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;height: auto;padding: 0px 0px 0px 20px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 0px;border-top: 1px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-style: solid none none solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 0.1em 0.3em;color: rgb(16, 54, 43);text-align: left;font-size: 30px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 64px;box-sizing: border-box;">近</span></strong></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 0.1em 0.3em;color: rgb(16, 54, 43);text-align: left;font-size: 30px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;display: inline-block;width: 1em;margin: 0px 0.2em;float: right;clear: none;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">代最早</strong></p><p style="clear: both;font-size: 0px;line-height: 0;min-height: 0px;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-right: 1px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 75%;height: auto;padding: 0px 0px 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">苏州市《工务计划》——现在所能够找到的资料中所看到的中国最早的一个城市规划。</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">近代以来，科学的城市规划方法是从西方引进的。<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">中国近代最早的城市规划是在上世纪二十年代开始的。</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">现在能看到的上世纪20年代中国编制的最早的城市规划有四个——<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">苏州市《工务计划》、南京《首都计划》、《大上海中心区都市计划》、《天津特别市物质建设方案》</strong></span>。关于南京首都计划和大上海中心区规划，在过去的书籍和论文中有较多的介绍。但是关于苏州城的规划和天津城的规划，很少有人提起，甚至根本不为人所知。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">苏州市《工务计划》这是我们现在所能够找到的资料中所看到的中国最早的一个城市规划。</strong></span>在上世纪20年代的四个城市规划中，最著名的当然是南京的首都规划和大上海中心区规划。这两个规划都是1928年开始，1929年完成。另外一个《天津特别市物质建设方案》（城市规划），是1929年至1930年完成的。而<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">苏州市的这个《工务计划》是1927年开始，1928年完成的，是目前所能看到的最早的一个现代意义上的城市规划，而且这段历史可能很多人都不知道。</strong></span></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4833333" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCaKIGnjd9wIozc0ujwH81vG9jxGeSjPohvEAALTcwwCgYvCov2v4qtsE5eonk7xwoYDZmL1fHHWAA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1927 年苏州《工务计划》城市发展规划图</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（资料来源：《苏州市政筹备处半年汇刊》，《工务计划与实施》，1928年出版。）</p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(216, 216, 216);height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 30px 0% -10px;justify-content: flex-start;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 20%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.68" data-w="200" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/8FO9vTy6OFWQPQY0rE1cHy9eOh7JD2wGxvgbh2hqtASbGGvicIodmlQDkictVHvXUViae9Gokn6svyicvFvSz8dibXg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -70px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 75%;height: auto;padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px;border-right: 1px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 0px;border-top: 0px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-left-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">中国建筑教育第一人——柳士英</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">这个规划的主导者是一位建筑师柳士英，</span></strong>这是一位了不起的人物。</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;height: auto;padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-style: solid solid none none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 0.1em 0.3em;color: rgb(16, 54, 43);text-align: left;font-size: 30px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;display: inline-block;width: 1em;margin: 0px 0.2em;float: right;clear: none;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划主</strong></p><p style="clear: both;font-size: 0px;line-height: 0;min-height: 0px;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 0.1em 0.3em;color: rgb(16, 54, 43);text-align: left;font-size: 30px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 64px;box-sizing: border-box;">导</span></strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">他早年参加过辛亥革命和反对袁世凯的二次革命。失败后逃亡日本，进入东京高等工业学校（今东京工业大学）学习建筑学。1920年毕业回国，先在上海从事建筑设计。1923年在他的家乡苏州工业专门学校创办了一个建筑科，这是中国历史上第一个建筑学专业。中国古代是没有专门的建筑教育的，都是师傅带徒弟，个对个的传授。<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">柳士英创办的苏州工专建筑科是中国第一个建筑学专业，柳士英是中国建筑教育第一人。</strong></span>1927年苏州市准备实施工务计划（城市规划），聘请柳士英担任总工程师主持这一计划。</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 30px 0% 10px;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 75%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.3814815" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCaKIGnjd9wIozc0ujwH81vGbKHicG3XfpsFpGFj9OXyrlNQoStg7BgSib6dtDCHvUSDWHOZIE4vjHAA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(216, 216, 216);height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 30px 0% -10px;justify-content: flex-start;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 1px) rotateY(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 1px) rotateY(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 1px) rotateY(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 1px) rotateY(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 20%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3859649" data-w="285" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ScOZV0ib8laic2GkGacPsdCkgWSzvAgXGicJAOzB2bq0uVCDK4axa815M55qspHvTceNNB66BibrgFeZyr7UY2zcdQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -70px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;height: auto;padding: 0px 0px 0px 20px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 0px;border-top: 1px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-style: solid none none solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 0.1em 0.3em;color: rgb(16, 54, 43);text-align: left;font-size: 30px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 64px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">工</strong></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 0.1em 0.3em;color: rgb(16, 54, 43);text-align: left;font-size: 30px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">务计划</strong></span></section><p style="clear: both;font-size: 0px;line-height: 0;min-height: 0px;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-right: 1px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 75%;height: auto;padding: 0px 0px 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五大特点</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">苏州市的这个规划在名称上虽然是叫做《工务计划》，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">但实际上是一个完整的，现代意义上的科学的城市规划。</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其规划的内容非常完整而详细，几乎涵盖了我们今天一般城市规划的方方面面。<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">这个《工务计划》的主要内容和特点如下：</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 15%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 50px;height: 50px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/hWmzQy5EcxaneibqMohvo5Yv5G3q9qE4CZ13S2MA4p7wBiaZegRfJK9aibdnXtqV6N0ONWFhXdjwQ4ETxxTxxd7Sg/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 50%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.3811075" data-w="307" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/7KB3pLltqag2CFItguvD3chkibj8xPBElZ2DpxJJ4x7Qy66dTG8VIWIolNw7gICCVxwK2ZiaXzqo0etibLDStokIw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 85%;border-bottom: 3px double rgb(199, 32, 18);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.95);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 2px 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">完全的政府行为</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划文本中有很多政府文件，有各种政府训令，例如“江苏民政厅训令”、“江苏建设厅训令”等，还有各种委任令、指令、呈文、公函、布告、批示等。这些说明<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">这个规划是一个非常慎重而管理严谨的政府行为</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">。</strong></span></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 15%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 50px;height: 50px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/hWmzQy5EcxaneibqMohvo5Yv5G3q9qE4CZ13S2MA4p7wBiaZegRfJK9aibdnXtqV6N0ONWFhXdjwQ4ETxxTxxd7Sg/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 50%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.326969" data-w="419" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/7KB3pLltqag2CFItguvD3chkibj8xPBElaWxRfzKO11LZvfeyo7ickKDnzE390KYw9u5cjHopvETZKJC0RKV74uQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 85%;border-bottom: 3px double rgb(199, 32, 18);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.95);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 2px 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划内容完整</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划文本内容<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">涵盖了总规和详规，</strong></span>例如有“市区域”，里面包含有“市区之环境”、“市区之界限”等，<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">并有分期建设的计划，</strong></span>这些显然都是属于总规的内容。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8546296" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCaKIGnjd9wIozc0ujwH81vGm7r3BwrmMpXBD5M8zKCOS3lDf6fibxeb0By92lXbHgxMgkuPqTxvibOw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;font-size: 14px;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">苏州城市总体布局与建设分期</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">后面的部分有街道整治、河道整治、公园、菜市场、建筑物等几大部分，这些又<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">属于详规的内容。</strong></span>而且非常详细，例如街道的整治规划中包括有筑路法”、“街道拓宽办法”、“街道之补救办法”等。<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">这说明那个时代的城市规划没有把总规和详规区分开来，都放在一起。</strong></span>这是的起步阶段，当然不可能有今天这样的严谨和规范性。但是另一方面，<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">对于人们日常生活的关怀也做到了非常细致的地步，例如有专门的菜市场规划，</strong></span>这一点在后来有一些城市规划都没有做到的。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.1023785" data-w="967" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCaKIGnjd9wIozc0ujwH81vGR3bYysvXPaYb7zibwllcu3rgO6ZbCTZxzsLW8IS4DLgRwbwB8Gpl4sQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">菜市场分布</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 15%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 50px;height: 50px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/hWmzQy5EcxaneibqMohvo5Yv5G3q9qE4CZ13S2MA4p7wBiaZegRfJK9aibdnXtqV6N0ONWFhXdjwQ4ETxxTxxd7Sg/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 80%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9397321" data-w="448" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/7KB3pLltqaiaXEWrCbDHHKsIsjAc2Cggk3ibc24v6jHRa7WvPibOqC7BxybBLhu4l9ASIrULzpFMuia2iax7eQ8YObg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 85%;border-bottom: 3px double rgb(199, 32, 18);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.95);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 2px 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划详细周到</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划文本中<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">附有大量的图纸和章程，</span></strong>大的方面有城市总体布局和分级建设规划图；小的方面有道路分级断面设计图和建筑物之间日照间距规划设计图等。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.5743073" data-w="794" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCaKIGnjd9wIozc0ujwH81vGuA8XbPPRC14c6IEB9r9L1TKNgG0taLKkzZKFl0yjhghGJUGch2gMqA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">交通形状（道路断面）图</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">苏州是著名的古城，历史上遗留下来的城墙城门在当时仍保存完整。但是随着时代的发展，汽车和人流的增加，又需要改善交通。于是规划文本中，<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">对当时的几座主要的城门都做了相应的整治和改造设计，也都有规划设计图。</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.1369863" data-w="803" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCaKIGnjd9wIozc0ujwH81vGmjG7fepaLlsgoRMibFdcB2AmdOvp4PmS4qwkq7d0nwydWnS78Zjv4cQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城门整理规划图</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">除了规划设计之外，还制定了一些章程，例如“土地评价委员会章程”、“取缔干路两旁建筑物章程”、“拓宽街道章程”等，<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">与规划相关的问题都有章可循，不是随意确定的。</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 15%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 50px;height: 50px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/hWmzQy5EcxaneibqMohvo5Yv5G3q9qE4CZ13S2MA4p7wBiaZegRfJK9aibdnXtqV6N0ONWFhXdjwQ4ETxxTxxd7Sg/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 80%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.1332117" data-w="548" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/3rV5DOkGgCaKIGnjd9wIozc0ujwH81vGxA0IzhhnajQcsCJgiaRIcXxy6YeFPPUuBJny9HUr4JyxhFSIaNeiaU1A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 85%;border-bottom: 3px double rgb(199, 32, 18);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.95);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 2px 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">特殊内容</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这个规划中最奇特的，令人不可思议的是，<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">有些在我们看来完全不应该是城市规划的内容，却进入了规划文本之中。</strong></span>例如在“教育卫生之设施”一项中，有“儿童暑期学校”、“平民夜校”、“平民周刊计划”等，甚至还有“审查电影”、“免费注射霍乱预防针”、“检查市内小学校学生体格”等。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8074074" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCaKIGnjd9wIozc0ujwH81vGAeAwVQLykLiabdcO8KCNkedl7nrkUbkcd4GCqDzun5Row7UNrSF8FAw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;font-size: 14px;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“教育卫生设施”目录</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如果说设立学校、医院等教育和卫生机构这是城市规划应有的内容，那么以上这些项目纯粹是属于社会管理和公益事业，也写进了城市规划的内容之中。<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">这可能是当时的体制的特点。</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 15%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 50px;height: 50px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/hWmzQy5EcxaneibqMohvo5Yv5G3q9qE4CZ13S2MA4p7wBiaZegRfJK9aibdnXtqV6N0ONWFhXdjwQ4ETxxTxxd7Sg/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 70%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7377049" data-w="427" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/FybtX93iba51oZb5RmNspSWUKlqic82WVTIIKU03ZyRUFsDA2YfcET0WFQDHKrL0rVP7fJufNxX1rdm7EDCffwXw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 85%;border-bottom: 3px double rgb(199, 32, 18);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.95);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 2px 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">这是一个正式实施的规划</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们在1928年出版的《苏州市政筹备半年汇刊》中可以看到工务计划的实时情况。其中包含有各种捐税数据统计，例如“房捐票”、“人力车收捐照”等，有各种费用支出统计和收支对照表，还有各种已经签订的工程合同，例如某某承包商承包的某项工程项目等等。这些都说明这一城市规划项目已经开始实施，并且看得出来实施过程管理非常严谨。同时这一点也说明<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">这个苏州《工务计划》是中国近代第一个正式实施的城市规划。</strong></span></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(216, 216, 216);height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 30px 0% -10px;justify-content: flex-start;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 20%;height: auto;box-sizing: 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style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: 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0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">历史意义+现实意义</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1927年的这一次苏州城市规划具有很重要的历史意义。</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;height: auto;padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 0px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-style: solid solid none none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 0.1em 0.3em;color: rgb(16, 54, 43);text-align: left;font-size: 30px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="display: inline-block;width: 1em;margin: 0px 0.2em;float: right;clear: none;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">重要意</strong></p><p style="display: inline-block;width: 1em;margin: 0px 0.2em;float: right;clear: none;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="clear: both;font-size: 0px;line-height: 0;min-height: 0px;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 0.1em 0.3em;color: rgb(16, 54, 43);text-align: left;font-size: 30px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 64px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">义</strong></span></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">第一，它是中国近代第一个城市规划，</strong></span>其规划的内容和规划的方法都与我们今天的城市规划相差无几。<span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">它是一个真正现代意义上的，科学的城市规划。</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">第二，这次规划为后来苏州的城市格局以及今天历史古城的保护奠定了基础。</strong></span>我们今天看到的苏州古城中心区的主要干道，与这次规划中的道路规划布局基本相同。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.1086294" data-w="985" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/3rV5DOkGgCaKIGnjd9wIozc0ujwH81vGh92K9qBCN5OyAU2zeU7njFXhXzXj6cmWIhQ52gGDXwjcficcMaxRp1A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">道路规划图</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">今天古城中保留下来的河道，也还是当年的规划所选择保留下来的河道。当年规划中的名胜古迹和公园，今天都还在；当年规划中提出的严格的房屋拆建的相关措施，为古城中大量历史建筑的保存提供了依据。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(139, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">当年提出的城内街道和河道的整治规划措施，今天看来仍然具有重要的现实意义。</span></strong></span></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" 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