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<section style="display: none;" data-tools="gulangu" data-label="powered by gulangu"><br  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 5px 0% 0px;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 16px;height: 16px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 100%;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(89, 175, 236);background-color: rgb(89, 175, 236);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 3px 0% 0px;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 8px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 100%;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-left: 0px none rgb(152, 152, 152);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(89, 175, 236);border-top-right-radius: 0px;padding: 0px;margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-left: 0px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 20px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(89, 175, 236);overflow: hidden;padding: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;background-color: rgb(89, 175, 236);padding: 5px 10px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(89, 175, 236);letter-spacing: 4px;line-height: 1.4;padding: 0px;text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 1px -1px, rgb(255, 255, 255) 1px 1px, rgb(255, 255, 255) -1px 1px, rgb(255, 255, 255) -1px -1px, rgb(255, 255, 255) 1px 0px, rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px, rgb(255, 255, 255) -1px 0px, rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">引言</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">北京市城市规划设计研究院（以下简称我院）作为首批国家建设部批准的甲级资质的规划设计单位，围绕首都规划建设发展开展了多层次、多专业的规划编制和规划设计工作，并在应用城市定量研究方法和建立规划支持模型开展规划研究与实践方面开展了较长时间周期的系统探索，在城市空间、产业经济、公共设施、基础设施、民生保障等方面均有涉及。规划决策支持研究作为一项定位明晰、组织有序、课题丰富、研究深厚、成果务实的持续性工作，由大量的科研课题和应用实践逐渐积累而成。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 225, 59);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Part.1</strong></em></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 80%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 5px;border-color: rgb(234, 173, 0);background-color: rgba(89, 175, 236, 0.51);padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 17px;color: rgb(252, 180, 65);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划决策支持框架体系研究与探索历程</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自2010年以来，我院规划决策支持研究团队通过多学科多专业的系统分析，逐渐建立了涵盖宏观、中观、微观三个层面的，较为完整的规划支持系统框架体系，作为统筹规划决策支持研究工作全局的纲领。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">在宏观层面</strong>，体现对区域规划的支撑，从国家和城市群两个层次，兼顾传统学科问题和当前热点问题。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">在中观层面</strong>，体现对国土空间的支撑，从资源环境承载力和国土空间开发适宜性两个方面，研判国土空间保护与利用的规模与布局。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">在微观层面</strong>，体现对生活空间的支撑，从城市设计、时空行为、微观生态三个方面，强调对城市更新、旧城改造、城市意象、社区生活圈、以及街道文化塑造等的关注。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.619195" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/icKFe0wqE4eMiaeHO0nXxGWYn3GN69VTIALtxwsxtoXXib0VxIcIIhYcyNEdIylBibaoMOmvPDrxiaFeoDcvepBAxMg/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="1615" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">图1 北京规划院“规划决策支持框架体系”研究与探索</span></strong></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">目前，随着新的国土空间规划体系的建立、颁布与实施，各层级国土空间规划编制与城市研究亟待开展。而国土空间“双评价”是划定国土空间的各类限制边界，尤其是明确建设与非建设空间，以及制定总量控制目标的重要环节，同时也是规划决策支持框架体系中尚缺少的一个环节。在此背景下，我院决策支持研究团队开展了基于决策支持的国土空间“双评价”研究与实践。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 225, 59);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Part.2</strong></em></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 80%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 5px;border-color: rgb(234, 173, 0);background-color: rgba(89, 175, 236, 0.51);padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 17px;color: rgb(252, 180, 65);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">国土空间“双评价”决策支持实施策略与技术方案</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -5px 0% 6px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 17px;color: rgb(82, 175, 255);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);overflow: hidden;margin: 0px;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 3px 5px 3px 20px;background-color: rgb(89, 175, 236);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;border-width: 0px;padding: 0px;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 3px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">构建面向国土空间“双评价”的决策支持体系</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">基于多版本“双评价”规程的持续深入学习、大量资料整理及文献调研，通过多学科多专业的系统性分析，本研究构建了国土空间“双评价”决策支持的框架体系，从理论、软件、数据、算法、模型、指标六个维度来定义该体系的具体内容，共涉及66个原理方法、13个支撑软件、166层空间数据、71个数学算法、100个决策模型和230个决策指标，紧密贴合国土空间规划编制与管理的实际业务需求。其中决策模型和决策指标是国土空间“双评价”决策支持体系的核心内容。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4916421" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/icKFe0wqE4eMiaeHO0nXxGWYn3GN69VTIAGG1HclmdJbehxA6vLnibWo6PUhicYgZvd2WrpA1eLwx4WZsdyaEriaDGw/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="2034" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">图2 北京市国土空间“双评价”决策模型体系结构示意图</span></em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">决策模型</strong>是以国土空间“双评价”分析目标为导向，运用数学工具模拟分析过程，建立各决策变量之间的关系公式与模型来反映决策问题的实质，对国土空间分析内容进行决策判断的数学模型。就专业整合度和决策针对性而言，可分为三个层次、五个组别。各模型之间紧密承接，互为关联，共同构成开展复杂国土空间“双评价”定量研究的有机整体。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">决策指标</strong>是决策模型与成果应用中间的纽带，在科学研究的技术过程和实践应用中起着重要的承上启下的作用，打通从数据甄选、信息提取、过程支撑至评估决策的工作全流程。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);overflow: hidden;margin: 0px;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 3px 5px 3px 20px;background-color: rgb(89, 175, 236);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;border-width: 0px;padding: 0px;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 3px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">落实国土空间“双评价”决策支持体系中各环节数学模型算法</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">模型算法紧密接轨国土空间规划各相关专业模型设计思想，并将专业经典数学模型与国土空间“双评价”业务实践有机地结合起来，制定合理的技术路线加以实现。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4277778" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4eMiaeHO0nXxGWYn3GN69VTIAC6WRm8wWlBXqTyDR3hB4PQscAOgFqXSMI22hqC3UH1LaBoNBVpZEkQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">图3 北京市国土空间“双评价”决策模型算法参考标准及规范</span></em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国土空间“双评价”决策支持框架体系中的各个模型算法从技术角度可梳理为四类，即基础地理空间计算、专业数学模型算法、实践归纳模型算法、逻辑判断矩阵算法。基础地理空间计算侧重解决地形、地貌、土地利用、可达性等共性地理信息问题；专业数学模型算法针对生态、环保、水文、海事、气候气象、人口经济等专业问题；实践归纳模型算法针对清晰的评价体系，通过专家评分或相关分析确定权重系数并加以实现；逻辑判断矩阵通常用于模型最终环节进行多专题评价结论的集成。国土空间“双评价”分析内容的综合性，使决策模型通常由多种模型算法组合而成。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5624297" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/icKFe0wqE4eMiaeHO0nXxGWYn3GN69VTIADfA3IrqfIsSvZFDZ4doHMSOMHWtiar1NkmAwXCbwU13eK6BY4K6Crbw/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="1778" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">图4 决策模型与模型算法的关系及示例</span></em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);overflow: hidden;margin: 0px;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 3px 5px 3px 20px;background-color: rgb(89, 175, 236);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;border-width: 0px;padding: 0px;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 3px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">研发国土空间“双评价”双系统决策支持平台</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">目前，国土空间“双评价”平台的研发行为显现出敏锐的市场反应。自2019年5月初至12月底的8个月时间内，针对陆续颁布的不断调整的国土空间“双评价”技术规程，约有20个“双评价”软件在全国各个城市遍地开花。从开发主体、系统架构、功能设计等方面均显现出不同的特征。整体而言呈现出研发周期短，完整深入的城市应用案例不足，系统功能难以得到应用层面的调教与完善等问题。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4eMiaeHO0nXxGWYn3GN69VTIASic3FP53fhrQee0VDsPwKYqxyUbPYNGHZWA7OT6iaHiaaBZdnXW8AicnGw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4277778" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4eMiaeHO0nXxGWYn3GN69VTIArYaKmUCzdnpD8icLoRTpicVPLBSeegmYhawBHuokHgCEibWtZSfl5wNJQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">图5 “双评价”软件产品调研情况一览表</span></em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我院结合北京市国土空间“双评价”的需求与特点，以国土空间“双评价”决策支持体系作为驱动内核，以决策支持体系中的核心内容——决策模型和决策指标作为系统架构和功能设计的需求锚点，采用一平台双系统的设计思路和开放的技术架构，自主研发了国土空间“双评价”决策支持平台。该平台包括<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">决策支持模型系统</strong>和<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">决策指标发布系统</strong>两个部分。其中决策支持模型系统采用C/S架构，对上侧重模型功能的运行支撑，对下侧重多专业输入数据的读取配置。决策指标发布系统采用B/S架构，对内侧重各种类型决策指标的管理与配置，对外侧重决策指标的发布与共享。平台对于识别国土空间生态重要性及敏感性、评估农业生产与城镇建设适建空间与承载规模等特定规划业务具有针对性和普适性。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.562963" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4eMiaeHO0nXxGWYn3GN69VTIAmjuEic49PXfVT0GcA4hWw04ia4JZSicRAEeRHeCWmPDoW4jADtxAULW4g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">图6 国土空间“双评价”决策支持模型系统界面</span></em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);overflow: hidden;margin: 0px;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 3px 5px 3px 20px;background-color: rgb(89, 175, 236);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;border-width: 0px;padding: 0px;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 3px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">制定面向国土空间规划多专业空间数据建设规范</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本研究充分利用并高效融合各方政务数据资源，如水利部门的水文数据、国土部门的土地利用数据、环保部门的环境容量数据、农业部门的农业生产数据等，基于国土空间“双评价”的算法要求和各专业数据特点，从地理条件、承载资源、限制条件三个层面入手，从空间、专题、来源、精度四个维度来定义国土空间“双评价”数据的逻辑结构，并建立国土空间“双评价”数据资源体系，包括基础地理信息、生态资源、土地资源、水资源、农业资源、海洋资源、矿产资源、自然条件、气象条件、文化条件、自然灾害条件等11个数据子库，40个数据主题，166个数据集，并全面制定跨专业的空间数据库建设规范，从国土空间观察的新视角，支撑跨专业数据的交互利用，保障后续更新维护，夯实数据基础，并为多源官方政务数据在规划决策支持中的整合与应用提出切实的技术路径。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 225, 59);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Part.3</strong></em></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 80%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 5px;border-color: rgb(234, 173, 0);background-color: rgba(89, 175, 236, 0.51);padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 17px;color: rgb(252, 180, 65);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划应用与实践验证</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本研究所构建的面向国土空间“双评价”的决策支持体系、基于国土空间“双评价”规程为北京市定制的模型算法、自主研发的国土空间“双评价”决策支持平台、以及建设的北京市国土空间“双评价”数据库，均已在《北京市国土空间双评价研究》中得以切实应用。已形成阶段性分析成果，如北京市国土空间生态保护重要性等级、城镇建设适宜性等级、城镇建设承载规模、农业生产适宜性等级、农业生产承载规模等。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9451796" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/icKFe0wqE4eMiaeHO0nXxGWYn3GN69VTIAKPHMibPWId2ibYXEzDuicqZJakxN33WEjErZPdd4YDvvsiaUlRzXJJTEzA/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="1058" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">图7 北京市国土空间“双评价”应用实践</span></em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">未来本研究成果可继续应用到北京市中微观尺度精细化的国土空间“双评价”工作中，紧密衔接控制性详细规划和专项规划的编制要求，同时对于调整优化城市开发边界、生态保护红线、永久基本农田三条红线等工作提供决策支撑，拓展国土空间规划的决策支持应用深度，促进国土空间规划编制的精细化、定量化发展。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 6px none rgb(243, 243, 243);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(89, 175, 236);font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">相关阅读：</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 6px solid rgb(243, 243, 243);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(231, 231, 231) 0px 0px 6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(87, 107, 149);padding: 0px 5px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">决策支持模型 | 城市微观规划决策支持框架体系建设与应用</p></section></section></section></section></section>
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