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<section style="display: none;" data-tools="gulangu" data-label="powered by gulangu"><br  /></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 3px solid rgb(160, 160, 160);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 0px 0px 8px;background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">作者简介</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">：</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">陈猛</strong>，北京市城市规划设计研究院 总体规划所主任工程师、国土规划研究中心主任委员，教授级高工</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">寇宗淼</strong>，北京市规划和自然资源委员会 高级经济师</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 5px none rgb(255, 87, 156);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);border-top: 4px none rgb(255, 87, 156);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 4px solid rgb(38, 124, 242);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们国际城市观察站栏目将立足北京，长期、持续开展北京与国内主要中心城市的对比研究，包括京沪双城比较、京津双城比较等，形成【京?城互鉴】系列文章，希望增进相互了解和经验互鉴。期待与更多兄弟城市开展规划研究合作。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（本系列其他文章地址见文末）</p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;line-height: 0.8;font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-top: 0.8em solid rgb(38, 124, 242);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-left: 0.7em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.7em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: block;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0% -20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;background-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.99);padding: 0px 10px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.3;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">前言</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 2px solid rgb(89, 175, 236);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 0px 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 1px;border-left-style: solid;border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;border-left-color: rgb(111, 114, 255);background-color: rgba(246, 246, 255, 0.99);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 30px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 0px 15px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《中共中央国务院关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见》（中发〔2019〕18号，以下简称“18号文”）印发以来，河北、吉林、广西等十多个省级政府陆续出台了各自关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的意见或方案，逐步完善了省级国土空间规划顶层设计。北京、上海作为18号文印发前城市总体规划即获国家批复的两个城市，近日陆续发布了落实18号文的实施意见并受到了业界的广泛关注。笔者结合18号文相关要求，重点就京、沪两地实施意见的目标设定、体系构建、地方性创新等若干方面进行了比较，以期望能够加深认识、促进交流。</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 3px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px -12px 0px 0px;z-index: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 100%;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 1.28558px 1.53209px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgba(38, 124, 242, 0.61);overflow: hidden;padding: 5px 10px 5px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(38, 124, 242);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">背景情况</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2019年5月9日，《中共中央国务院关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见》（以下简称“18号文”）正式印发，标志着我国国土空间规划体系顶层设计和“四梁八柱”基本形成。为了落实18号文相关要求，河北、吉林、广西等十多个省级政府陆续出台了地方关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的意见或方案。作为省级国土空间规划顶层设计的纲领性文件，地方实施意见（方案）的出台对于更好发挥国土空间规划的战略引领和刚性管控作用，推动地方实现国土空间治理体系和治理能力现代化具有重要意义。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2020年4月12日，北京发布了《中共北京市委北京市人民政府关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的实施意见》（以下简称《北京意见》）；5月19日，上海发布了《中共上海市委、上海市人民政府关于建立上海市国土空间规划体系并监督实施的意见》（以下简称《上海意见》）。北京、上海作为18号文印发前城市总体规划即获国家批复的两个城市，陆续发布落实18号文的实施意见受到了业界的广泛关注，实施意见也将成为两地坚持城市总规统领、推动总规实施的关键性制度设计。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 3px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px -12px 0px 0px;z-index: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 100%;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 1.28558px 1.53209px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgba(38, 124, 242, 0.61);overflow: hidden;padding: 5px 10px 5px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(38, 124, 242);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">关于18号文的相关要求</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国家建立国土空间规划体系是体现国家意志、保障国家发展战略有效实施的重要抓手<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">[1]</span></em>，国土空间规划将在国家规划体系中发挥基础性作用，为国家发展规划落地实施提供空间保障。18号文基于国家治理现代化的要求，提出了包括规划编制审批体系、实施监督体系、法规政策体系、技术标准体系的运行支撑体系以及分级分类的国土空间规划体系的总体架构。国土空间规划的系统实施对空间发展作出的战略性、系统性安排，将对全面落实党中央、国务院重大决策部署，落实国家乡村振兴、区域协调发展和可持续发展等战略发挥重要作用<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">[2]</span></em>。</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5614334" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4eMo7gociafvWMac5shpic73RpgBAtwpbsC2WcLhndsuZYicb3mAUUxYGmz5XIQITyLxRia631dXUkvvkQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="586" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图1 分级分类的国土空间规划体系示意图</strong></em></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（资料来源：笔者根据相关文件内容整理绘制）</strong></em></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 3px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px -12px 0px 0px;z-index: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 100%;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 1.28558px 1.53209px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgba(38, 124, 242, 0.61);overflow: hidden;padding: 5px 10px 5px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(38, 124, 242);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《北京意见》与《上海意见》的重要方面</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 7px 0%;text-align: right;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: bottom;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;line-height: 0;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(38, 124, 242);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 6px;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(22, 101, 206);letter-spacing: 5px;line-height: 1.4;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（一）目标设定</strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0% -1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 45px;height: 2px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);border-width: 0px 5px 0px 0px;border-right-style: solid;border-top-right-radius: 0px;border-right-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">北京和上海的目标设定积极围绕18号文的主要目标，按照2020年、2025年以及2035年三个阶段结合地方实际进行了明确。第一阶段主要实现基本建立本市的国土空间规划体系的目标，并加快形成面向国土空间开发保护管控的“一张图”；第二阶段重点健全规划编制审批体系、实施监督体系、法规政策体系、技术标准体系的运行支撑体系；同时全面实施国土空间动态监测预警和绩效考核机制；第三个阶段是要实现国土空间治理体系和治理能力现代化，形成具有地方特色的国土空间格局。这些阶段性任务的设定，既考虑了国家层面的总体要求，也兼顾了地方目前的主要工作还是围绕国土空间规划编制与审批的阶段性特征，对有效、有序推动实现国土空间可持续发展，推动一张蓝图干到底具有重要意义。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 7px 0%;text-align: right;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: bottom;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;line-height: 0;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(38, 124, 242);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 6px;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(22, 101, 206);letter-spacing: 5px;line-height: 1.4;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（二）体系构建</strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0% -1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 45px;height: 2px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);border-width: 0px 5px 0px 0px;border-right-style: solid;border-top-right-radius: 0px;border-right-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">运行支撑体系。</strong>18号文提出要逐步建立“多规合一”的规划编制审批体系、实施监督体系、法规政策体系和技术标准体系。其中，规划编制审批体系和实施监督体系包括从编制、审批、实施、监测、评估、预警、考核、完善等完整闭环的规划及运行管理流程；法规政策体系和技术标准体系则是两个基础支撑<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">[3]</span></em>。上海在总体框架中即明确了要建立空间合一、时间衔接的规划编制审批体系，责权清晰、系统高效的实施监督体系，部门协同、配套衔接的法规政策体系，以及行业领先、统一规范的技术标准体系。北京则将以四个体系谋篇布局，分别通过健全规划体系、实行全域管控、规划实施、规划监督、规划保障等章节进行阐述和规定，形成了从规划编制、规划实施、规划监督到运行保障的管理闭环<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">[4]</span></em>，同时还结合北京实际提出严格执行首都规划重大事项向党中央请示报告等重大制度性建设，进一步丰富了实施监督体系的内涵。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">分级分类的规划体系。</strong>18号文从国家层面建立了分级分类的国土空间规划体系，形成了包括国家、省、市、县、乡镇“五级”和总体规划、详细规划、相关专项规划“三类”的规划体系。《北京意见》确立了城市“三级三类”的规划体系。其中，三级即市、区、乡镇三级，三类即总体规划、详细规划、相关专项规划三类，国土空间总体规划具体包括城市总体规划、分区规划（含亦庄新城规划，下同）、乡镇域规划；详细规划包括控制性详细规划、村庄规划和规划综合实施方案；相关专项规划包括特定地区规划和特定领域专项规划。</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.4291907514450868" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4eMo7gociafvWMac5shpic73RpZYldct9sibP4pKZVYMwzllQX2j3n7VuUzEs3Ig7Ut4zoS1TzOngClHQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient" data-type="jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient" data-w="692" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图2 北京市国土空间规划体系示意图</strong></em></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（资料来源：北京市规划和自然资源委员会）</strong></em></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《上海意见》则从空间和时间两个维度建立了空间合一、时间衔接的规划编制审批体系。空间维度上，分为总体规划、单元规划、详细规划三个层次，其中，总体规划层次包括上海市国土空间总体规划、浦东新区和各郊区国土空间总体规划、专项规划（总体规划层次）；单元规划层次包括主城区单元规划、新市镇国土空间总体规划、特定政策区单元规划；详细规划层次包括控制性详细规划、郊野单元村庄规划、专项规划（详细规划层次）。　</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.411215" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4eMo7gociafvWMac5shpic73Rp0t68fGPoo7mLXgkZe9ic0apkibnLvpdkuibUmoGPlkYXFmAkOkoSRZP2A/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="321" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图3 上海市国土空间规划体系示意图</em></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">（资料来源：上海市人民政府官网）</em></strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">北京和上海的规划体系构建在国家总体要求之下，一方面考虑与国家“五级三类”国土空间规划体系的总体框架，另一方面，也充分考虑了地方规划编制体系的传承与发展。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 7px 0%;text-align: right;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: bottom;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;line-height: 0;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(38, 124, 242);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 6px;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(22, 101, 206);letter-spacing: 5px;line-height: 1.4;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（三）地方性创新</strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0% -1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 45px;height: 2px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);border-width: 0px 5px 0px 0px;border-right-style: solid;border-top-right-radius: 0px;border-right-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">时间维度的创新。</strong>18号文明确提出，国土空间规划是对一定区域国土空间开发保护在空间和时间上做出的安排。从空间上，文件明确了五级三类的体系安排，从时间的维度则并未有明确要求，从某种角度体现了国家层面建立权责清晰、一级政府一级事权的基本思路。空间维度的分级管控，体现了中央对于各级国土空间保护与利用的统筹把控，体现了国家意志；而时间维度的有序实施则是地方事权，需要结合不同地方的实际情况，给予地方政府自主的权力。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">京、沪两地在国家的总体规划、详细规划、专项规划三类的基础上均提出了时间维度的创新和举措，明确要编制国土空间近期规划和年度实施计划，作为分阶段实施国土空间总体规划的重要依据，从体系上看将是对18号文深化和完善的重要举措。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间维度的创新。</strong>北京创新增加了分区规划层次，而上海则创新增加单元规划层次，并将其进一步细分为主城区单元规划、新市镇国土空间总体规划和特定政策区单元规划三种类型。在详细规划层面，北京市创新增加了规划综合实施方案，上海市则创新将专项规划按照不同层次分别纳入总体规划和详细规划加以管理。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不同的是，北京分区规划、镇域规划明确作为国土空间总体规划，特定政策区规划则作为专项规划，并将地方空间规划体系与国家空间体系进行了衔接；而上海主城区单元规划、新市镇国土空间总体规划和特定政策区单元规划则作为单元规划进行了独立设置，虽然上海既有单元规划在空间规划管理中是控制性详细规划和专项规划（详细规划层次）等下位规划编制和修改的依据，但单元规划与总体规划、详细规划的并行设置，体现了上海对于单元规划的特定管理意图。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">实施与管理维度的创新。</strong>上海突出强调了全域全要素的空间管控体系的建设，细化明确了“四条控制线”（包括生态保护红线、永久基本农田红线、城市开发边界和文化保护控制线）的管控要求、指标体系管控要求以及城市设计管控要求，在空间用途管制中还明确了各类用地的全生命周期管理要求。北京则提出控规实施要强化实施方式、路径推演和成本核算，增强实施的操作性。同时还提出要全面落实责任规划师制度，实行编、审分开和审、批分离，并围绕规划实施的关键任务和核心问题进行分析评价，建立“一年一体检、五年一评估”常态化规划实施评估工作机制，以形成规划实施的重要制度保障。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 3px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px -12px 0px 0px;z-index: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 100%;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 1.28558px 1.53209px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgba(38, 124, 242, 0.61);overflow: hidden;padding: 5px 10px 5px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(38, 124, 242);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">其他省相关实施意见及体系完善</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从北京、上海两个直辖市和河北、吉林、广西等省已经发布的本级政府关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的意见看，作为国土空间规划顶层设计的纲领性文件，相关实施意见内容框架基本上都遵循18号文，从阶段性目标、运行支撑体系（规划编制审批体系、实施监督体系、法规政策体系、技术标准体系），以及分级分类的规划体系等方面进行了规定，并结合各自实际情况进行了局部细化和特色要求，如浙江进一步细化了监督实施的责任，并对行业管理提出要求；山东提出实现详细规划应编尽编，以及国土空间规划领导决策终生问责等。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从运行支撑体系完善的角度，各地也有着积极的探索，如黑龙江从法规政策完善角度提出了制定国土空间开发保护条例，贵州从规划实施监管角度进一步严肃了规划修改的程序要求，北京则在 “三级三类四体系”的国土空间规划总体框架之下，结合分区规划的编制与实施，进一步制定了分区规划实施管理办法、生态控制线和城市开发边界管理办法、分区规划技术汇编、乡镇国土空间规划导则等，对实施监督体系和技术标准体系进行了积极的完善。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 3px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px -12px 0px 0px;z-index: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 100%;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 1.28558px 1.53209px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(222, 248, 255) 0%, rgb(245, 254, 255) 100%);flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(127, 180, 254) 0px 0px 3px inset;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 12px;border-color: rgba(38, 124, 242, 0.61);overflow: hidden;padding: 5px 10px 5px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(38, 124, 242);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">结语</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从前述地区的实施意见和相关实践上看，18号文印发一年来国土空间规划的编制审批仍然是当前整个行业领域的工作重点，新形势下国土空间规划管理与实施在内容、方法和机制等方面仍需持续探索。2020年5月22日，自然资源部办公厅印发了关于加强国土空间规划监督管理的通知（自然资办发〔2020〕27号），进一步提出了国土空间规划监督管理的若干要求，而各地在后续国土空间规划领域的实施监督体系、法律法规体系和技术标准体系的完善仍将是一个长期持续的过程。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 0 1px;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 0 1 auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 10px;height: 10px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(38, 124, 242);border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 1px 1px 0px inset;line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 0 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(38, 124, 242);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">注释</strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: left;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"></em></p><p style="text-align: left;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">[1] 《关于统一规划体系更好发挥国家发展规划战略导向作用的意见》（中发[2018]44号）</span></em></p><p style="text-align: left;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">[2] 《中共中央 国务院关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见》解读.自然资源报</span></em></p><p style="text-align: left;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">[3] 《中共中央 国务院关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见》解读.自然资源报</span></em></p><p style="text-align: left;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">[4] 规划自然小编.权威解读10个问题详解北京国土空间规划体系.北京规划自然资源</span></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(38, 124, 242);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">参考文献</strong></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">1《中共中央 国务院关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见》</em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">2《中共北京市委北京市人民政府关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的实施意见》</em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">3《中共上海市委、上海市人民政府关于建立上海市国土空间规划体系并监督实施的意见》</em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">4《中共中央 国务院关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见》解读.自然资源报</em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">5 规划自然小编.权威解读|10个问题详解北京国土空间规划体系.北京规划自然资源</em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">6 辛勤的.一周年，国土空间规划发生了什么？（续）. 规划一张图</em></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-top: 6px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-left: 6px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-right-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-top: 6px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-right: 6px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);border-left-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;color: transparent;clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);border-radius: 6px;overflow-wrap: break-word;box-sizing: border-box;margin: -13px 3px;padding: 12px;"><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">【北京·国际城市观察站】是以北京市城市规划设计研究院为主建立的研究小组，旨在追踪世界前沿、推广国际经验，深入比较北京和其他国际大城市规划实践，为规划师和各级政府部门服务，关注领域涵盖城市规划所关注的所有方面。我们致力于：第一手资料+第一时间推送+第一流的分析总结。期待与国内外同行建立广泛的合作关系。</p></section></section><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-left: 6px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-top-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);border-right-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-right: 6px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-top-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);border-left-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.0390625" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/CxULmhhDRZ8OSHcoPKoYK7Q0ias3YsXhx2lN7nyicbiaiboaiaibVP1Bo3mS3iblhgHJ58eAlx8OpM17BhMlfPTicVZjEA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="640" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 6px none rgb(243, 243, 243);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(86, 135, 169);line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong 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