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<section style="background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Dln7GwxqR3MEMLt3picibkR2jJTQM49cv16OyLRyd4pB968kkh40Jich2HCaU1nKo4JCoH34Hge7JLTOTy6ywjOQQ/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 23.2432% -0.307692%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 100.16%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="656" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36C0hoU6TqqBPg5uGBxUY6R18JkRwhMcu26J9GgM8tKoVz3UUCLOqWHgA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 2px none rgb(255, 202, 0);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(249, 110, 87);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文需阅读 - 15 分钟</p></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 60%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgba(95, 156, 239, 0.69);background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-shadow: rgb(240, 133, 192) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(122, 215, 248);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(122, 215, 248);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Sustainable</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(122, 215, 248);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cities &</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(122, 215, 248);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Mobility</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 2px solid rgb(240, 133, 192);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(179, 179, 179);padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(182, 182, 182);box-sizing: border-box;">城市规划与发展战略</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(182, 182, 182);box-sizing: border-box;">城市综合交通</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通与非机动化出行</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">活力街区、街道与城市设计</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(240, 133, 192);box-sizing: border-box;">量化城市与大数据</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(240, 133, 192);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">「」</strong></span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;padding: 0px 5px;color: rgb(240, 133, 192);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: left;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2020年<span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> | 6</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">月30日期</span></strong></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 40%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;font-size: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;box-shadow: rgb(240, 133, 192) 0px 0px 0px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7074074" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CfwYw6jouYJs12g62wKamuMFISnQyPFVLfAjtzdib0faxqPiahURxKCBA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 247, 189);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 17%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cy4kDUwk6uKatfbibKWOSBrb5GiaLN2R5tcqjGgeaf4mY1t2mZEicFibOicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">团队成员<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 5%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cy4kDUwk6uKatfbibKWOSBrb5GiaLN2R5tcqjGgeaf4mY1t2mZEicFibOicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cy4kDUwk6uKatfbibKWOSBrb5GiaLN2R5tcqjGgeaf4mY1t2mZEicFibOicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px 18px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) -3px 3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-width: 2px;border-bottom-left-radius: 16px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 221, 62);overflow: hidden;border-top-right-radius: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CX8NcbqfYdHtpnhm0A9RaWEkpMoibOmRsEbULLK9rg1GJzARO1rdgx8Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 18px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) 3px 3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-width: 2px;border-radius: 16px 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 221, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CXEa3lbiaZ3bCaWsJzMGj1HD4q50l8mdMtyaIgsCaDiazw4A612icLciaQg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: 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powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px 18px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) -3px 3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-width: 2px;border-bottom-left-radius: 16px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 221, 62);overflow: hidden;border-top-right-radius: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CVyg6ib5yVhh4nYyZKVb5lyx5NZTfgdgru4bLaLfYW3tOicFCacnKJJ1A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="170"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 18px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) 3px 3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-width: 2px;border-radius: 16px 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 221, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36COlfUg2hOtia0cQwGBfdVvZicf0Jf0Nzvc60kNcRcLMqibtoGsXprAjEPg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 18px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) -3px -3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-width: 2px;border-radius: 16px 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 221, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36C3wia4LuttZSrAquaMMnO78q6YNrr1IB0ia1ibYbEsjha4fxpLJjWgicKHg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: 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style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cy4kDUwk6uKatfbibKWOSBrb5GiaLN2R5tcqjGgeaf4mY1t2mZEicFibOicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: -55px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 27%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cia7qO06EicEQ2PD6ro6cAyZXTP8uX0KbD5q78ND023WqvoicbpmKkyjhg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;background-color: rgb(210, 195, 193);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -18px 0% 10px;font-size: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);display: inline-block;width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;line-height: 2.5em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 240);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 22px;color: rgb(246, 246, 246);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览导读</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 96%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 6px;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-radius: 8px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px 15px 8px;box-shadow: rgb(182, 182, 182) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本章在公开资料基础上对中国智慧城市的建设和实践进行了总结。尽管缺乏第一手资料，文章还是犀利地总结出了国内智慧城市建设的几条重点：“国家队”形式的公私合作，重视数据，抛弃完美主义，在实践中完善，在成熟技术基础上迅速落地并扩大规模等等。同时，文章也指出了这种模式存在的隐私、安全保护以及迅速扩大规模后的一家独大问题。文章毕竟旁观者清，但对当局者仍然有十足的借鉴意义。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -50px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 15%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(228, 11, 66, 0.25);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -70px 0% 0px;font-size: 18px;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 5em;height: 5em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;text-align: center;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table;width: 100%;height: 5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;line-height: 1.2;color: rgb(240, 133, 192);font-size: 15px;padding: 10px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">阅读</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正文</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“智慧城市”</strong></span>通常是指通过先进的信息通信技术来提升服务质量的城市。对良好服务的需求通常来自两个方面：城市化和对更好生活品质的追求。除此之外还有一些经济上的考虑，例如增加国内生产总值，发展服务业以及吸引创新型人才和企业等。对中国来说，推动智慧城市建设还有一项额外的动力——提升政府治理水平。中国的多数基本政策，例如五年计划，均强调坚持共产党的领导，而中国新一代的人工智能发展计划也提及了AI对于提升社会治理、有效维持社会稳定不可或缺。最后，发展智慧城市技术也是中国在一带一路以及数字丝绸之路上描绘的远大愿景的一部分。基于以上所有原因，发展智慧城市成了中国的优先政策。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在中国超过500个智慧城市试点中，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文重点关注两个旗舰项目——面向交通管理的城市大脑和206智慧法院案件处理系统</strong>。第一个是我们通常认为的“传统”智慧城市议题。智慧法院更为不同寻常——尽管他们通常在中国的规划中会被列为智慧城市的重要部分——展示出了智慧类项目的复杂性以及不同的AI应用是如何绑定在一起的。这些项目同时还展现了当AI算法运用在司法系统中会出现的道德问题。这两个智慧城市项目为英国和欧盟提供了必要的借鉴，包括政策一致性、在中国体制下地方的竞争、如何将已经验证技术有序落地（而不一定要是尖端技术）以及政府和私营部门的不同合作模式。</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: -10px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(to left, rgba(252, 136, 141, 0) 0%, rgb(255, 187, 185) 50%, rgba(252, 136, 141, 0) 100%);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 36px;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 32px;color: rgb(254, 172, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;align-self: flex-end;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid solid solid none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(80, 84, 86);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 252, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(160, 115, 36);padding: 0px 10px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">组织和政策框架</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;font-size: 0px;margin: -3px 0% 3px;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 4px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">智慧城市的发展是在一系列组织和政策下进行的。在最高决策层，智慧城市的发展属于十三五计划，要求建立一系列智慧样板城市，关注智慧基础设施，便捷公共服务和精细化社会治理。这一说法明确了国家部委在试点项目中的角色，而地方政府则是在具体执行层面上做决策。试点项目的选择并不遵循特定的模式，部分项目沿着从上至下的技术路线，另一部分则是由当地的需求来驱动。中国的这种公共领域创新模式在一些研究中已有记录。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了加速AI核心技术的发展，政府采取“国家队”的手段——不同的科技巨头负责在各自优势领域研究开放创新平台。这种模式不同于传统的“全国冠军”模式——一家巨头引领所有领域的发展，“国家队”成员需要面临竞争，可以与外企合作，对政府资助依赖程度较小。</p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 35%;height: auto;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 65px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 35%;border-left: 0px solid rgb(203, 160, 121);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;height: auto;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;height: 65px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 6px 0% 0px;transform: rotateY(180deg);justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fh83ibdGGlj3YXDbvytEm2ib3TEdmfHW3kHQNhEDxVoYuK4sWX2LVFrwNuicR7UGVFxWZQU28cIjwiaR6cGay1L6RA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9404145077720207" data-w="772"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 36px;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 32px;color: rgb(254, 172, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;align-self: flex-end;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid solid solid none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(80, 84, 86);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 252, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(160, 115, 36);padding: 0px 10px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">智慧城市中的AI应用</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;font-size: 0px;margin: -3px 0% 3px;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 4px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">由于中国已有超过500个智慧城市试点，我们无法完整展示所有领域。这里我们会讨论两个旗舰项目——交通管理和智慧法院——所带来的的重要借鉴。前一个案例是比较传统的智慧城市项目，而后一个案例可以让我们一窥中国如何在其政治制度框架下利用技术来提升政府的核心能力。同时，我们必须明确，这些旗舰项目代表的是比较成功且知名的例子，并不代表中国智慧城市的整体表现。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 115, 36);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“城市大脑的快速迭代就如同创业公司一样，先注重短期扩大规模，再在扩大的过程中一步步修复存在的问题。”</em></span></strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0% 25px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;vertical-align: top;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fh83ibdGGlj3YXDbvytEm2ib3TEdmfHW3kKuVb54v4GjFIHRpp6OCOyDzMhrpHhX1tqfZ70DTYiaraSZBMoZHHCeg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.61" data-w="200"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 24px;line-height: 1;color: rgb(142, 119, 96);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">01</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;margin-left: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;margin-left: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;color: rgb(142, 119, 96);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8px;box-sizing: border-box;">都市管理——城市大脑</span></strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;margin-left: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;height: auto;padding: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(145, 112, 101) 0px 0px 0px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市大脑最早是2016年杭州启动的城市交通管理系统，旨在缓解交通拥堵。由13家企业与政府合作联合开发并在阿里云上运营。尽管城市大脑一开始是围绕交通摄像头视频进行图像识别，之后逐渐发展成为一个多数据协同中心，整合了来自不同政府部门的700多个信息系统。系统致力于解决一系列问题，包括交通管理（信号灯优化、紧急车辆响应等）、废物收集、停车管理和城市老龄人口健康监测。城市大脑已经有了不同版本的改进，并已经在全亚洲23个城市均有部署，其中一些城市也是一带一路“电子丝绸之路”的组成部分。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市大脑与其他中国的许多智慧城市项目一样，具有以下几个特征。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">首先是其迅速发展。城市大脑最初作为交通管理的试点，逐渐发展成为治理城市生活方方面面的大规模系统。它的快速迭代就如同创业公司一样，先注重短期扩大规模，再在扩大的过程中一步步修复存在的问题。该项目在短期内迅速发展，很快超过了最初的设想，我们可以就此推断它并没有因为冗长的交付和公众或其它非政府组织的参与而受到阻碍。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">第二个值得注意的特点是它着重基础设施和数据采集。城市大脑通过上千个传感器和多个政府机构来收集数据。数据被视为知识的来源以及一种有价值的资源。一部分数据会用于与其它一些企业分享，来共同开发特定问题的解决方案。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">第三，本项目是由一家大公司（阿里巴巴）提供核心技术（云服务平台）并与各政府部门进行协调。项目需要政府高层持续的支持，来确保不同部门数据之间的融合。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">最后，项目牵头单位与政府有标志性的关系。政府帮助公司研发一种能够推向其它城市的产品，并以此出口向其他国家。整个过程的关键在于“单一来源采购”，地方政府能够有机会在没有竞争的基础上，选择一个公司并帮助将其扩展到国内外市场。一些证据表明，在中国的国情下，这种安排的效益远超过成本。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0% 25px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;vertical-align: top;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fh83ibdGGlj3YXDbvytEm2ib3TEdmfHW3kKuVb54v4GjFIHRpp6OCOyDzMhrpHhX1tqfZ70DTYiaraSZBMoZHHCeg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.61" data-w="200"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 24px;line-height: 1;color: rgb(142, 119, 96);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">02</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;margin-left: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;margin-left: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;color: rgb(142, 119, 96);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">智慧法院——系统206</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;margin-left: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;height: auto;padding: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(145, 112, 101) 0px 0px 0px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(203, 160, 121);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">系统206是上海高级人民法院的智能刑事案件处理助手，旨在改进案件处理质量，减少“虚假，不公和错误”的起诉和刑罚。系统由两部分组成：一是采用语音识别和处理，对不同证据进行交叉验证来提醒法官注意是否与事实有不相符的地方；二是基于机器学习算法，输入被诉方的基本信息，在数据库中搜索过往的案例，并以此来量刑。输出的形式可以是散点图，每个点包含案件信息和对应量刑。值得注意的是，该系统同样可以用来评价法官或公诉人的表现，通过比较来判断案件的判罚是否偏离主流。此外，上海智慧法院还配有AI客服用于信息咨询，与其它政府部门通过区块链方式进行安全信息传输，在法庭上使用自然语言处理记录庭审信息，并由人脸识别技术管理快速出入。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如何去评价上海智慧法院者一系列技术应用是一个复杂的话题。像聊天机器人这类应用在私营领域广泛使用，在其他国家也被作为试点项目用于提供基本信息和建议，甚至可以用来提交停车罚单的申诉。在一些领域，演讲识别能够降低文员、记录员和法庭工作人员的工作量并提升系统效率。进一步结合移动支付系统，远程调用法庭文档都能够节省时间，减少庭审现场的拥挤状况。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其它的应用，比如“社会伤害评估”和刑罚参考，即使是处在建议阶段，都会导致检察官和法官的决定对辩护方造成一定的损害。此外，AI生成的评估会被认为天然地对辩方不利，因为辩方无法去检验AI的数据及算法是否有效。一些辩护方（以及他们代理的被告）或许缺乏AI技术的知识和资源，无法评估判决存在的偏见并提出异议。通过找出较为异常的案子，并以此来评判法官同样毁誉参半，它可以被用来约束一些法官的偏见，但也会让一些在政治案件上较为仁慈的法官被针对。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">系统206与城市大脑有诸多显著的相似之处。两者都是政府与处在“国家队”的科技巨头合作开发的——科大讯飞的系统206和阿里巴巴的城市大脑。相比城市大脑，系统206是以创业公司一般的速度进行开发，目的是创造一个能够在后续运营中逐步完善的模型。同样地，两者的使用者通常是不同的政府部门，部门之间的合作由政府高层来支撑和协调。系统206也和城市大脑一样，规模迅速扩大，目前已经接管了上海的所有刑事案件，并持续向其他管辖地推进。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 36px;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 32px;color: rgb(254, 172, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;align-self: flex-end;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid solid solid none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(80, 84, 86);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 252, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(160, 115, 36);padding: 0px 10px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">结论与展望</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;font-size: 0px;margin: -3px 0% 3px;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 4px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">由于这类项目较为新颖，且缺少第一手资料，不同的AI应用对中国公共服务质量的影响还有待进一步研究。不过通过对该领域的一些概要性的了解，我们可以得出以下几点：</p></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;line-height: 2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><ul class="list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: square;box-sizing: border-box;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中国政府对AI研究的各方面都十分看重，尤其看重其中的公共服务部分。AI被用于提升已有机构的效率，而不是取代它们。</p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国家层面的政策倾向于技术研发，而地方政府（大多数情况下）选择各自的试点项目。</p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政策在国家、地方甚至企业决策上扮演了重要的角色。多数政策聚焦于加速技术研发，数据采集和试点部署。而风险管理，数据隐私和可问责性等问题也在政策中有所体现，但似乎处在比较次要的地位。</p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">单个项目采用政府部门和私人企业合作的方式，由科技巨头牵头而不是创业公司。这个特点至少在各旗舰项目中比较明显。</p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一个旗舰项目可能包含有多个AI应用。一些应用和全球的总体实践原则较为相符，也较为直白，另一些则可能导致隐私风险，并加深系统已有的自带偏见。</p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这些问题涉及到AI在开发和部署时对价值和道德选择的处理，而这种处理很难用简单的成本效益分析来评估。</p></li></ul></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有了这些观察，我们可以简单讨论一下对英国及欧盟有哪些启示。首先，从政策的角度，中国的智慧城市政策包含了传统的产业政策和开放的合作方式。传统产业政策主要集中于技术研发，地方政府可以自由的选择他们需要的试点，并与各行业开放合作。中国的政策模型一大特征在于，政策应减少“碎片化”，鼓励（有时带有一点强迫）地方政府发展能够可评估可考核的试点项目，并在不同的地区引入竞争模式。大部分中国的政策都极其依赖其发表时的形势，不能直接移植到其它国家，对政策持续性和地方竞争的关注是一个重要的因素，值得后续进一步的检验。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">第二点是关于具体的技术和应用。尽管过去几年，中国毫无疑问在AI和机器学习技术上取得了重大进展，其试点项目中所用到的技术难以称得上是前沿的。与此同时，各项技术良好的集成，以及系统成功地迅速扩大规模，表明机器学习技术的研发和落地并不一定需要技术本身过于前沿。实际上，在合适的条件下，已有成熟技术的成功落地可以显著提升公共服务质量。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">第三点是政府和私营企业的合作模式。中国模式涉及大企业和地方政府的合作，通常还需要政治高层来进行各部门的协调。当技术在国内市场足够成熟后，政府可以帮助国内企业将技术通过数字丝绸之路等方式出口至其它国家。这种方式通常有利于大公司，而留给小公司和创业企业的空间较小。这种方式可以促进一系列因素，包括应用部署的速度和经济规模，但也可能造成科技巨头影响力增加而中小企业收到排挤。这与欧洲所采取的分布式实践方式明显不同，而且这种不同还会持续存在。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">最后是中国和欧洲在数据隐私和安全上存在的不同，将在第6章中具体讨论，这里我们主要指出，从实际数据中学习（例如交通管理或疫情防控）可以获得从虚拟数据中学习所得不到的独特见解。数据采集本身的问题也需要具体问题具体分析，因此需要政府，行业和社会整体共同参与。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15px;border-width: 0px;padding: 0px 5px;line-height: 0;height: auto;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 6px;height: 6px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 50%;border-color: rgb(180, 180, 180);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15px;padding: 0px 5px;line-height: 0;height: auto;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 6px;height: 6px;vertical-align: top;overflow: 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style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(243, 167, 186);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -40px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 5px solid rgb(237, 194, 113);border-top-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(181, 190, 143);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(243, 167, 186);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -30px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);opacity: 0.77;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 42px;color: rgba(68, 69, 225, 0.86);letter-spacing: 7px;line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;transform: translate3d(60px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 93%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="161" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="237" data-ratio="1.4107946026986506" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CSTW9Xz4Dbb5YnTbTwds4T2u7IIvBiamDnoUohqtcpPsMX0yumc8ZEdQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="667" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 168px;box-sizing: border-box;height: 237px;"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-cropselx1="1" data-cropselx2="174" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="236" data-ratio="1.332214765100671" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CbxPvP3FicvV15EYZV73TnwT113b3fnrkiczhRibKMCUsZ4mTicdb0qennw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="596" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 177px;box-sizing: border-box;height: 236px;"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: rotateZ(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -30px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px) rotateX(180deg);opacity: 0.77;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 42px;color: rgba(68, 69, 225, 0.86);letter-spacing: 7px;line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">免费下载<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 2px none rgb(255, 202, 0);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(125, 146, 160);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="line-height: 1.8;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">免费下载一览众山小提供的原文资料：</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">微信公众号 后台留言<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">或电邮 Daizongliu@qq.com </p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(181, 190, 143);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgba(228, 11, 66, 0.12);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 6px;line-height: 1.6em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-radius: 6px 0px 0px 6px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">01</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 3px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">参考文献标题一</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CSTW9Xz4Dbb5YnTbTwds4T2u7IIvBiamDnoUohqtcpPsMX0yumc8ZEdQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1.4107946026986506" data-w="667"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36C2I82iaqB0f6OF5n6j5Diaw6ibwKic45eVFQezMZPkJ3JXKBxyRysuGBUSg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1.3764320785597381" data-w="611"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CbxPvP3FicvV15EYZV73TnwT113b3fnrkiczhRibKMCUsZ4mTicdb0qennw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1.332214765100671" data-w="596"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img 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src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/ZhpxnEzTUE4o7Of3WibpOmGsSm38v4EezNIMr5FMFob3fMRazbR32EHfl9Watnmf7t5FAR13vmHkpZ2myE9gFSQ/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" data-ratio="0.5982532751091703" data-w="458"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 50%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(216, 216, 216) 10px 17.3205px 20px;border-style: solid;border-width: 5px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 84%;border-style: none;border-width: 5px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(178, 178, 178) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: 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