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<section style="background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Dln7GwxqR3MEMLt3picibkR2jJTQM49cv16OyLRyd4pB968kkh40Jich2HCaU1nKo4JCoH34Hge7JLTOTy6ywjOQQ/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 23.2432% -0.307692%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 100.16%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5683962" data-w="848" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CWvQrN6YKIgJfDDxNCSf1FtIkGMCn9oJlNqibq33EV568MOkwDm90B7w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 2px none rgb(255, 202, 0);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(249, 110, 87);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文需阅读 - 23 分钟</p></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 60%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgba(95, 156, 239, 0.69);background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-shadow: rgb(240, 133, 192) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(122, 215, 248);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(122, 215, 248);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Sustainable</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(122, 215, 248);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cities &</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(122, 215, 248);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Mobility</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 2px solid rgb(240, 133, 192);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(179, 179, 179);padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(182, 182, 182);box-sizing: border-box;">城市规划与发展战略</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(182, 182, 182);box-sizing: border-box;">城市综合交通</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通与非机动化出行</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">活力街区、街道与城市设计</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(240, 133, 192);box-sizing: border-box;">量化城市与大数据</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(240, 133, 192);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">「」</strong></span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;padding: 0px 5px;color: rgb(240, 133, 192);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: left;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2020年<span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> | 6</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">月30日期</span></strong></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 40%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;font-size: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;box-shadow: rgb(240, 133, 192) 0px 0px 0px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7074074" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CfwYw6jouYJs12g62wKamuMFISnQyPFVLfAjtzdib0faxqPiahURxKCBA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 247, 189);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 17%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cy4kDUwk6uKatfbibKWOSBrb5GiaLN2R5tcqjGgeaf4mY1t2mZEicFibOicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">团队成员<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 5%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cy4kDUwk6uKatfbibKWOSBrb5GiaLN2R5tcqjGgeaf4mY1t2mZEicFibOicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cy4kDUwk6uKatfbibKWOSBrb5GiaLN2R5tcqjGgeaf4mY1t2mZEicFibOicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px 18px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) -3px 3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-width: 2px;border-bottom-left-radius: 16px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 221, 62);overflow: hidden;border-top-right-radius: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CX8NcbqfYdHtpnhm0A9RaWEkpMoibOmRsEbULLK9rg1GJzARO1rdgx8Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: 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src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CnHUweibZmGeFWibOU03kEulejpKqiaRfnPAEsqP4bsONYkVKn2wGxCCXQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9962406015037594" data-w="266"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px 18px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) 3px -3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 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powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px 18px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) -3px 3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-width: 2px;border-bottom-left-radius: 16px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 221, 62);overflow: hidden;border-top-right-radius: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CVyg6ib5yVhh4nYyZKVb5lyx5NZTfgdgru4bLaLfYW3tOicFCacnKJJ1A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="170"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 18px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) 3px 3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 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192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 18px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) -3px -3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-width: 2px;border-radius: 16px 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 221, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36C3wia4LuttZSrAquaMMnO78q6YNrr1IB0ia1ibYbEsjha4fxpLJjWgicKHg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 4px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: 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style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 97%;vertical-align: top;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 18px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 6px;box-shadow: rgb(221, 226, 255) 3px 3px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-width: 2px;border-radius: 16px 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 221, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CkGSm6e64fsdyHwxAqH4esAcXJh7XqfSCRTia3pco9ULLDRSyrNzWMicA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" 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0px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.5px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">原文</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">/</span><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">Nesta Institue</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">翻译</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">/章程、胡尚薇、温宇辰、周煜、林中朴</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">华沅、王晓玢、段元浩、鹿畅、相可盈  </span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">排版</strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: 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100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 7%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cy4kDUwk6uKatfbibKWOSBrb5GiaLN2R5tcqjGgeaf4mY1t2mZEicFibOicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cy4kDUwk6uKatfbibKWOSBrb5GiaLN2R5tcqjGgeaf4mY1t2mZEicFibOicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: -55px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 27%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36Cia7qO06EicEQ2PD6ro6cAyZXTP8uX0KbD5q78ND023WqvoicbpmKkyjhg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;background-color: rgb(210, 195, 193);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -18px 0% 10px;font-size: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);display: inline-block;width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;line-height: 2.5em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 240);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 22px;color: rgb(246, 246, 246);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览导读</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 96%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 6px;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-radius: 8px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px 15px 8px;box-shadow: rgb(182, 182, 182) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本章节介绍了中国在构建社会信用系统方面的尝试和探索，各级政府通过汇聚公共信用数据搭建社会信用数据信息平台，建立守信和失信主体名单，并配套相应的联合奖励和惩戒机制，旨在利用公共数据来加强政府、企业和个人之间的信用体系，从而改善政府现代治理水平。然而，虽然公共数据是建立社会信用体系和加强执法力度的有效途径，但仍要注意其带来的公平性、透明性和隐私性问题。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着中国公司和政府迅速建立和部署新技术，关注着全球AI领军地位，中国日益强大的技术实力正在吸引世界的注意力。尽管中国的政府机构过去常常处于技术落后地位，但现在也正在逐步着手于过去尚未被开发的政府内部数据。社会信用系统（SCS）是政府通过数据和技术实现治理能力现代化的重要尝试。在西方媒体的报道下，人们对该系统常常陷入以“奥威尔式”系统为中心的误解，即用大数据来评估公民的道德水平。实际上，中国社会信用体系的计划是一系列利用公共数据来增强政府、企业和个人之间的信任，从而改善政府治理水平的实验。这包括更大范围的国家举措，例如守信和失信主体的联合激励惩戒机制，也包括一些城市尝试采取的公民评分等的其他措施——虽然与西方主流媒体的报道相比，这种说法显得相当“乏味”。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们可以将社会信用系统理解为由多个子系统组成的总体政策措施，部分子系统可能具有不同的政策目标和规则，但最终都归属于一个大系统。从环境保护到知识产权、从金融欺诈到学术剽窃，这个系统拟针对中国发展中几乎所有的由于企业和个人不遵守法律法规导致的弊病。人们认为这些弊病的产生很大程度上是由于司法系统无法有效地执行法律，但这也归因于政府机构的普遍薄弱，政府认为正是这些原因阻碍着中国成为市场经济主导的发达国家。社会信用系统是一次鼓励个人、企业、法律机构和政府自身变得更”可信赖“的尝试。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如本文所表明的，中国政府为了增强信任和改善执法，进行了一系列汇聚公共数据和尝试监管实验的举措。这些举措涉及的范围以及有效性存在很多限制，比很多人脑海中以为的多许多。尽管如此，这一系列举措的确触及了公平性、透明性和隐私性的问题。然而，将中国所有的监管都归入社会信用系统本身就是错误的，问题可能不在社会信用系统本身，而在于能够更有效执行的法律体系。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -50px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 15%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(228, 11, 66, 0.25);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -70px 0% 0px;font-size: 18px;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 5em;height: 5em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;text-align: center;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table;width: 100%;height: 5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;line-height: 1.2;color: rgb(240, 133, 192);font-size: 15px;padding: 10px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">阅读</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正文</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(160, 115, 36);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“</em></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">尽管中国社会信用体系涉及的范围以及有效性存在很多限制，该体系的确触及了公平性、透明性和隐私性的问题 </em></p><p style="text-align: right;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">”</strong></span></em></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: -10px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(to left, rgba(252, 136, 141, 0) 0%, rgb(255, 187, 185) 50%, rgba(252, 136, 141, 0) 100%);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 36px;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 32px;color: rgb(254, 172, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;align-self: flex-end;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid solid solid none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(80, 84, 86);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 252, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(160, 115, 36);padding: 0px 10px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">数据层：公共数据平台</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;font-size: 0px;margin: -3px 0% 3px;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 4px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与发达经济体一样，中国社会信用体系的政策范围内包括建立现代金融信用报告体系，这是社会信用系统的核心，可以追溯到1990年代末，当时这一体系还完全由中国人民银行（PBOC）领导。随着政府主要政策规划机构、国家发展改革委员会（NDRC）等的合作，现在金融信用报告仍然在社会信用系统中占据关键优先事项的地位，但整个系统所涵盖的内容远不止于此。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会信用系统旨在打通不同部门之间的公共数据，以辅助其他政府部门或私营部门的决策。在政府和法律文件中，“公共信用信息”被定义为包含“由公共机构收集或生成的，可用于评估主体遵守法律和合同义务的程度”的所有信息和数据。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了能够收集这些数据，全国各地的政府都建立了公共信用信息平台，以“汇总各部门的公共管理职能产生的数据”。数据收集工作通常都从市镇层面开始，收集各政府部门、企业等的信贷信息。以福建省会城市福州为例，数据平台从多达630个不同的实体收集信用信息，市级平台进行分层组织，然后连接到省级平台，最后与北京的国家平台打通。据报道，国家平台从44个国家政府机构和32个省级平台汇聚数据。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会信用平台还设计了面向公众的门户，政府部门、私营部门和广大公众可以通过该门户查询信息并获得其他信用服务，这将在下一部分中进行讨论。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在没有国家法律的情况下，数据收集过程和细节通常受相应的城市或省政府的信用法规约束。正如中国的现代治理规范体系一样，也正如Jeff Ding在文章中论述的（第1章），因为各地政府间不同的竞合关系，各地建立的数据收集体系和规程通常有着相对一致的目标，但细节不尽相同，各自保有试验性的自由度。这些信用规范还控制着某些类型的数据收集，例如禁止采集有关宗教信仰、基因、指纹、血型和病史等的信息。有些地方的法规更具进步性，例如上海市社会信用条例提供了“被遗忘”的权利（即失信行为查询期限届满的，不再提供查询）。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">尽管社会信息系统数据收集的核心范围是信用信息，该举措还是刺激和促进了中国的政府数据公开工作。在过去的几年中，政府建立了超过46个政府数据开放门户，提供例如行政处罚、行政许可、土地所有、招标公告、信用等级、企业信用、境外业务、撤销、信用服务、权益保护等数据库。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">信用信息的汇聚构成了关键的数据层，在此基础上，政府能够实施一些监管举措。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 35%;height: auto;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 65px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 35%;border-left: 0px solid rgb(203, 160, 121);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;height: auto;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;height: 65px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 6px 0% 0px;transform: rotateY(180deg);justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fh83ibdGGlj3YXDbvytEm2ib3TEdmfHW3kHQNhEDxVoYuK4sWX2LVFrwNuicR7UGVFxWZQU28cIjwiaR6cGay1L6RA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9404145077720207" data-w="772"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 36px;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 32px;color: rgb(254, 172, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;align-self: flex-end;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid solid solid none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(80, 84, 86);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 252, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(160, 115, 36);padding: 0px 10px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">应用层：“黑红名单”、惩戒和激励机制</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;font-size: 0px;margin: -3px 0% 3px;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 4px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">黑红名单（守信和失信主体名单）和联合激励和惩戒机制（JSR）可以被视为社会信用体系最核心的举措和应用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从本质上来说，机构和政府部门将发现违反法律法规或具有法律约束力的决议的自然人或企业列入黑名单（失信主体名单），并将具有出色守信记录的主体列入红名单（守信主体名单）。主体的名称和相关信息会集成在公共信用信息平台上，那些被列入黑名单的主体将面临一系列惩戒，例如取消参加政府招标或银行信贷资格等。他们的名字可以在信用平台门户网站上被公开搜索到，以造福其他政府或私营部门；在某些情况下，甚至还会在电影院或手机来电提示等场合进行失信主体的公示。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会信用系统应用的首要目标是债务违约，最高人民法院在全国范围内建立失信被执行人名单，包含了一系列被法院判决的个人和企业，大多数情况下都是故意违约的债务人。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如今，行业的黑名单日渐增多，从逃税到不支付员工工资再到学术抄袭。这些黑名单在与奖惩机制合并时会增大其影响力。签署此规范的相关部门达成协议认可彼此的黑名单并且在权限内执行法律惩治。例如，缺席判决黑名单被分享给约四十个中央政府部门，相关部门在其领域内对其进行制裁。这些惩罚包含被剥夺银行贷款的资格和政府救济补助，更为众所周知的是，被禁止购买飞机票后者高铁票。越来越多的私企公司也与政府签署合约，承诺限制其平台的服务和使用权限。例如，滴滴打车禁止被列入黑名单的司机或乘客使用其平台。被用于多种服务平台的蚂蚁金服芝麻信用积分也会受到黑名单状态的负面影响。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在奖惩机制背后的关键政策动机是通过强制个人和企业履行其法律义务从而增强法律法规的执行能力。以缺席判决名单为例， 其目的清晰地增强高级人民法院并强制公司和个人偿还贷款。根据本文采集到的中国信用积分网发布的数据，从2018年六月到2019年五月，1300万公司和2200万个人被列入各种类型的政府黑名单。与此同时，也有813000家公司和1560万个人被从这些黑名单中除名。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 115, 36);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“尽管黑红名单和奖惩机制没有引入任何一种计算评分，有些市级政府部门正在尝试基于信用信息生成可以评估公民守信程度的评分机制。”</em></span></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 35%;height: auto;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 65px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 35%;border-left: 0px solid rgb(203, 160, 121);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;height: auto;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;height: 65px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 6px 0% 0px;transform: rotateY(180deg);justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fh83ibdGGlj3YXDbvytEm2ib3TEdmfHW3kHQNhEDxVoYuK4sWX2LVFrwNuicR7UGVFxWZQU28cIjwiaR6cGay1L6RA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9404145077720207" data-w="772"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 36px;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 32px;color: rgb(254, 172, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;align-self: flex-end;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid solid solid none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(80, 84, 86);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 252, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(160, 115, 36);padding: 0px 10px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">市民积分</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;font-size: 0px;margin: -3px 0% 3px;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 4px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">尽管黑红名单和奖惩机制没有引入任何一种计算评分，有些市级政府部门正在尝试基于信用信息生成可以评估公民守信程度的评分机制。在2018年，江苏宿迁、江苏苏州、浙江杭州、福建福州，这些中国东部沿海相对繁荣的城市相机推行了城市级别的个人信用评分。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">此评分系统现阶段处于高度试行状态，但是此前对厦门白鹭积分和福州茉莉积分的深入研究揭示了其大概设计。两个城市均分配给每个市民一个范围从0到1000的积分，通过积分反应他们是否遵纪守法以及诚实守信。这些通过市民使用智能手机应用评估得出的积分所基于的计算模型与现今广泛用于全球金融行业的信用积分模型（如FICO模型）并无大异，只是根据系统目标对不同变量组和数据点的重新组合。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">表格1：厦门和福建积分系统综述</em></span></p></section><section style="min-height: 40px;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;margin: 0px auto -10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><table style="border-collapse: collapse;box-sizing: border-box;margin-bottom: 10px;" width="100%"><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(237, 194, 113);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" width="99.0000%"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(251, 249, 252);font-size: 22px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">厦门和福建积分系统</strong></p></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(238, 233, 241);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(121, 106, 111);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="line-height: 0;color:rgba(0,0,0,0);width:0;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"><text x="-10" y="-10">_</text></svg></section></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(238, 233, 241);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(121, 106, 111);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">白鹭积分</strong></p></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(238, 233, 241);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(121, 106, 111);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">茉莉积分</strong></p></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">介绍时间</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2018年8月</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2018年4月</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">注册用户</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">21,0000</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">690,0000</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">注册用户占城市总人口百分比</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">5%</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">21%</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有效用户*</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">8,5000</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">119,0000</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分值区间</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">0 - 1000</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">0 - 1000</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">平均分值</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">666 “良好信用”</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">650 - 700 “良好信用”</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用户界面</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">微信微程序</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">e-福州应用</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">算法模型</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">FICO模型</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多维度模型</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="25.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">运行与管理</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="34.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">厦门大数据公司</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="40.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">福州NDRC大数据办公室</p></section></section></td></tr></tbody></table></section></section><section style="font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">* 使用积分兑换服务至少一次的用户</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">数据来源：业主访问和多家媒体报告</p></section><section style="min-height: 40px;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;margin: 0px auto -10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><table style="border-collapse: collapse;box-sizing: border-box;margin-bottom: 10px;" width="100%"><tbody style="box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(238, 233, 241);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="49.0000%"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(121, 106, 111);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">白鹭积分</strong></p></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(238, 233, 241);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="50.0000%"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(121, 106, 111);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">茉莉积分</strong></p></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="49.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">基本信息：参考居住在厦门的居民的行为，反应个人与城市间的关系，以及个人对城市生活建设的参与度和稳定性</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="50.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公共信用：公民是否遵循公共道德规范并积极参与并贡献于社会公益活动</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="49.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">守信：社会公益行为体现对他人关心关爱以及对社会有积极反馈作用是个人社会责任和诚信的体现形式</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="50.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">信用能力：一个公民的基本信用情况和初始信用条件</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="49.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">失信违反合约：违反规定并且亏钱费用是反映个人对遵纪守法意愿和能力的负面表现</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="50.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">工作能力：无论是在日常工作生活，公民勤奋、努力、爱岗敬业，并严格遵循行为道德规范</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="49.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">信用修复：指个人通过积极参与公共利益活动、社会服务以及公益活动修复信用并重新获得信誉</p></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="50.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经济能力：包括延迟缴纳共同储备金，骗取公共健康基金、共同储备金或者工资，或侵占他人合法权益</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="49.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><section style="line-height: 0;color:rgba(0,0,0,0);width:0;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"><text x="-10" y="-10">_</text></svg></section></section></section></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="50.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">遵纪能力：公民是否遵守规范规定，并且远离违法活动和不法行为</p></section></section></td></tr><tr style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="49.0000%"><br  /></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="border-width: 2px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(255, 255, 255) rgb(238, 233, 241);border-radius: 0px;border-style: none none solid;background-color: rgb(251, 249, 252);box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0px;" width="50.0000%"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">守法能力：公民是否遵守法律规定并履行法律义务</p></section></section></td></tr></tbody></table></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如同黑名单机制，决定个人评分高低的关键性因素依然是关于公民是否遵纪守法。基本原则是公民需要及时履行基本的责任和义务：按时缴纳水电暖等账单、收入所得税、健康保险、社会保障金，没有名下的违规通知。有违反这些要求的个人将被扣除部分分值，某些时候一次违规将被扣除150分。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不同于奖惩机制中着重对违规行为的惩罚，这些机制尤其重视对政府主张和鼓励的行为的促进因素。在对作者的采访过程中，官方指出例如志愿者服务、义务献血、乘坐公共交通、垃圾分类处理、和从事有利社会的工作（如教师、医生）等行为活动可被视为“良好信用”，从而有利于提升个人分值。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">拥有良好信用评分的公民（大于等于600分）可享受一系列的奖励优惠，大致分为三类：</p><ul class="list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: disc;box-sizing: border-box;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">免交押金，如公共自行车</p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">优惠折扣，如乘坐地铁</p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">优先服务，如政府事务办理</p></li></ul><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以目前的情况来看，这些积分系统更像是政府版本的诚信体制——所有公民有权接受基本的服务，但有些人可以接受额外的服务从而获得更多的便捷和舒适度。拥有较低值积分的人不会受到任何惩罚，但其实低分值原本就是惩罚，因为它限制了接受更好服务的资格。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这些积分目前还是自发性的。至今为止，公众参与度仍相对较低，大约三分之一的城市居民注册了相关的手机应用，平均分值在600分到650分之间。政府管理积分系统的官员建议更多政府部门能采用参考这些积分，从而减少市民在获取政府服务过程中遇到的阻碍。</p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 35%;height: auto;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 65px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 35%;border-left: 0px solid rgb(203, 160, 121);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;height: auto;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;height: 65px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 6px 0% 0px;transform: rotateY(180deg);justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fh83ibdGGlj3YXDbvytEm2ib3TEdmfHW3kHQNhEDxVoYuK4sWX2LVFrwNuicR7UGVFxWZQU28cIjwiaR6cGay1L6RA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9404145077720207" data-w="772"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 36px;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 32px;color: rgb(254, 172, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</strong></span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;align-self: flex-end;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid solid solid none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(252, 180, 56) rgb(80, 84, 86);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 252, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(160, 115, 36);padding: 0px 10px;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">结论</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;font-size: 0px;margin: -3px 0% 3px;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 4px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(252, 180, 56);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中国社会信用体系促进了政府对行政管理和法律法规领域的公共数据数字化和收集的投入，从而为政府对资源和服务优化配置提供决策支持，正如其在黑名单和市民记分机制中的应用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公共信用平台的创建可被视为中国政府在致力于收集公关数据以及摆脱管理和部门间“数据孤岛”的重要里程碑。对政府公开数据平台的研究揭示这些平台达到行业基准、与大部分应用程序接口相兼容并且可提供多种机器可读的数据格式。但是，目前对于平台数据采集的一致性还存在质疑，尤其对于远离东部沿海发展略微落后的城市数据平台。与官方代表的对话中指出，还需要大量工作建立文档记录数字化的新风气，现在仍有很多部门滞后于依赖纸质文档。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">黑名单奖惩机制很大程度增强对个人和企业的影响作用。发布在黑名单平台的数据表明每个月每增加两个名字的同时有一个名字从此列表删除。这说明该系统正在有效地推进个人和公司向理想行为的转变。从缺席判决黑名单到其他领域的扩展表明政府对该机制有效性的认同，尽管目前还很难确定是否此政策已经真正达到了个人和企业行为基于诚信模式的目标。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文对于该系统机制的检验表明，西方媒体对于社会信用体系等同于道德记分的观点是没有依据的。道德记分形成于对从社交媒体信息发布到超市购物等所有公民行为信息的收集，从而管理约束公民行动和享受基本服务的权利。如之前所论证，真正被收集的数据类型和范围是很有限的，并且国家计划中完全没有涉及评分系统。甚至在试行该机制的城市里，评分也是非常友好的。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">但这并不代表没有担忧的必要。该系统机制目前的形式引起了对于公平性的质疑，尤其考虑到惩罚措施所覆盖的范围已经逐渐扩展到超出现有法律可管束的范围。在如“诚信”等一些重要的概念还没有被明确法律定义的情况下，黑名单奖惩机制的影响在继续扩大到上百万人。该系统机制自身依赖的信息透明度来达到某些目标，但是却很少有人清楚其基于什么类型的数据，从而使人们容易成为错误数据和数据分析结果的受害者。这些问题需要更多的研究来解决，而不是专注在这个系统某一日可以被改进升级到某一程度的可能性猜想上。从中国作为监督状态的视角分析社会信用体系容易导致忽略其真实的用意，并且把包括法律体系等所有监管机制都合并入社会信用体系中。如中国法律翻译的编辑Jeremy Daum所强调过的，问题可能并不在于社会信用体系本身，而在于违背核心民主价值（如言论自由等）“不健全”的法律系统试图更有效地强制管理。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">进入2020年，作为2014国务院计划，围绕评估该系统的讨论正在政府内部外部全面开展。这包含评估该系统带来的益处以及其可能造成的不良影响，同时深入了解关于质疑平等性的问题，以及与如隐私和伦理等相关的棘手问题。同步于社会信息体系，在接下来的几年中，相关数据保护的法律规范也将会同时扩充和健全，对什么样的数据可以被采集使用等问题做明确要求规定，并且对如何将私人第三方数据导入社会信用体系的关键问题提出初步解决方案。对“信用法”的拟定正在进行中，但专家认为该法律的正式颁布还需若干年时间，因为还有关于伦理、隐私和公平的关键问题还有待解决。需要中国政府必须回答的一个最大的问题是该体系是否正在有效地提高人们对制度的信任，并且按照政府认为可实现轨迹加速国家发展。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15px;border-width: 0px;padding: 0px 5px;line-height: 0;height: 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186);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -30px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);opacity: 0.77;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 42px;color: rgba(68, 69, 225, 0.86);letter-spacing: 7px;line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;transform: translate3d(60px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: 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data-cropsely2="216" data-ratio="1.332214765100671" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaicc9YwyvFlPubfnQXEQs36CbxPvP3FicvV15EYZV73TnwT113b3fnrkiczhRibKMCUsZ4mTicdb0qennw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="596" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 173px;box-sizing: border-box;height: 230px;"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="transform: rotateZ(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% -30px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px) rotateX(180deg);opacity: 0.77;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 42px;color: rgba(68, 69, 225, 0.86);letter-spacing: 7px;line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">免费下载<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 2px none rgb(255, 202, 0);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(125, 146, 160);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="line-height: 1.8;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">免费下载一览众山小提供的原文资料：</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">微信公众号 后台留言<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">或电邮 Daizongliu@qq.com </p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(181, 190, 143);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgba(228, 11, 66, 0.12);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 6px;line-height: 1.6em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-radius: 6px 0px 0px 6px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(240, 133, 192);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">01</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 3px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">参考文献标题一</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img 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