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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHYUULBgqF9Yg1IONFib01q3Sq8MtPNUN31aYc3XO5qkfB4u9nFFRddPw/640?wx_fmt=jpeghigh" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeghigh" data-ratio="1.7777777777777777" data-w="1080"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 2px none rgb(255, 202, 0);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(125, 146, 160);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="line-height: 1.8;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文需阅读 - 47分钟</p></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 60%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgba(95, 156, 239, 0.69);background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Sustainable</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cities &</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Mobility</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 2px solid rgb(179, 179, 179);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(179, 179, 179);padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">城市规划与发展战略</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">城市综合交通</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通与非机动化出行</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgba(218, 37, 135, 0.68);box-sizing: border-box;">活力街区、街道与城市设计</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">量化城市与大数据</span></p></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">「</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"></span></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">」</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;padding: 0px 5px;color: rgba(218, 37, 135, 0.68);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2020年<span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> | 7</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">月4日期</span></strong></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 40%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;font-size: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 70%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHX2NcxKzg7EhfXTicLWA7DqqJPUVFHXPwHqHAe6d8E9G5jv5CibutuYjg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1.0234604105571847" data-w="682"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 17%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Odibb5jL5Q0voIwaRK5P9FpSN1Ys8fyJicn5pBsLUPIxjr3jGY4bRHqlJFapUacHzIPURibZrlr0TQv3xSa32siaZA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">团队成员<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 5%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Odibb5jL5Q0voIwaRK5P9FpSN1Ys8fyJicn5pBsLUPIxjr3jGY4bRHqlJFapUacHzIPURibZrlr0TQv3xSa32siaZA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Odibb5jL5Q0voIwaRK5P9FpSN1Ys8fyJicn5pBsLUPIxjr3jGY4bRHqlJFapUacHzIPURibZrlr0TQv3xSa32siaZA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/sT7KCViawXDjq5hibYv6Y8b9WfnNFicwMOGDsl1VpNoDWM2SQPl4V3R4oZOQgrDTd00muDSL6UdYxd6tXecibhJF9g/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 25.8037% -43.1473%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 29.7866%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-right: 1px dashed rgb(127, 127, 127);border-top-right-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">1</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeH0Jm0WJHWLOYzmBZnzodauta6GzDuDtkM07L4NQEic0QnyWHNvicFpONQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">2</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHw2nqyr8hibBTa8tfFNnvyB9icZzKrDyxPP3UiaFdYvwZCNbzNrfFg28Ag/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/sT7KCViawXDjq5hibYv6Y8b9WfnNFicwMOGDsl1VpNoDWM2SQPl4V3R4oZOQgrDTd00muDSL6UdYxd6tXecibhJF9g/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 25.8037% -43.1473%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 29.7866%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-right: 1px dashed rgb(127, 127, 127);border-top-right-radius: 0px;padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">3</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHIvYtFmNnS65vMo4ibMktht1Vibic7QIVSSe6x4p7yVgCwJzYbFuic1EFZg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9962406015037594" data-w="266"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">4</span></em></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHK0icnoiarZfnDzfw3nOhfWfKVTEIkuQCMjkwl93BIYXO3g3OXibIpSZyA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="265"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(255, 202, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Odibb5jL5Q0voIwaRK5P9FpSN1Ys8fyJicn5pBsLUPIxjr3jGY4bRHqlJFapUacHzIPURibZrlr0TQv3xSa32siaZA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;padding: 0px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.5px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">原文</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">/ Meghan Chakrabarti、Michael Murphy、Ken Greenberg、Dylan Coonrad</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">翻译</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">/ 夏晨阳、王琛芳、周煜</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">    </span><strong style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">编辑</strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">/ 众山小   </span><strong style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">校核</strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">/ Jayne C</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">文献</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">/ Jayne C    <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">排版</strong>/ 杨骏</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 178, 188);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">微博 |</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"> weibo.com/</span></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: 10px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 7%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Odibb5jL5Q0voIwaRK5P9FpSN1Ys8fyJicn5pBsLUPIxjr3jGY4bRHqlJFapUacHzIPURibZrlr0TQv3xSa32siaZA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Odibb5jL5Q0voIwaRK5P9FpSN1Ys8fyJicn5pBsLUPIxjr3jGY4bRHqlJFapUacHzIPURibZrlr0TQv3xSa32siaZA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: -55px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 27%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHZ7iaFvd3FpCiaKHIWpnh3Z10cBJskQM7v2NpcrqhgDicngcAOpMMFpAnQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -18px 0% 10px;font-size: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);display: inline-block;width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;line-height: 2.5em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 240);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 22px;color: rgb(246, 246, 246);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览导读</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 96%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(55, 120, 153) 0px 0px 6px;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-radius: 8px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px 15px 8px;box-shadow: rgb(239, 175, 17) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这里是NPR（美国国家公共电台） 和 WBUR（波士顿公共广播站）联合报道的《On Point》。城市备受批评，拥挤、空气污染、水污染、没有绿化和休憩空间。最近有另外一个说法，说城市是流行病滋生的温床。但在这个全球性的大流行病中，勇敢的建筑师和规划师说，城市不一定是潮湿、脏乱、充满苦难和疾病的储藏地。相反，我们可以构建一个为人类健康服务的城市。我们可以设计有治愈性的建筑。我们可以创建一个对我们身心有益的建成环境。我们面临什么着什么阻碍？我们接下来一小时重新想象能够促进人类健康的城市空间。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -50px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 15%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -70px 0% 0px;font-size: 18px;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 5em;height: 5em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;text-align: center;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table;width: 100%;height: 5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;line-height: 1.2;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);font-size: 15px;padding: 10px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">阅读</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正文</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -10px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(to left, rgba(252, 136, 141, 0) 0%, rgb(255, 187, 185) 50%, rgba(252, 136, 141, 0) 100%);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(201, 199, 199, 0.62);padding: 10px;border-radius: 10px;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section><audio style="width:100%" src="https://res.wx.qq.com/voice/getvoice?mediaid=MzA3ODM2NjAxMF8yNjUwMTMwODY5" controls="controls"></audio></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.034375" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/hvqaJVt2xuIGcaR86icRoicBRUcc6zjIp4HpCjBpnicAwWkgUwY5CjVRyebFSqg9qjsJwSX2eNI5icgXuGHiaBFVW6g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" style="text-align: center;background-color: rgba(130, 171, 218, 0.5);vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(130, 171, 218, 0.5);padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">治愈城市: COVID如何重塑城市设计</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/l1Chf6hW6TaIXjGMKJmaKXtsnKWJZibYE9yY0KfnwiclVdPAsCpoc5do5KwmmXtaGKPiacoQSaCotHu17mzbIEVBQ/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" data-ratio="0.03577235772357724" data-w="615"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 260px;height: 180px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ZmONLuxQaRPrISXvjgAqQeSia4r2WZrJQRQL83ux9wBWX4Rs34eCvmgLm2vGRpU4GIdT2jaBa0XeAicp1jlxQtrg/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 30px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;padding: 0px 25px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎收听的系列访谈，每期节目中我们将探索那些改变城市的奇思妙想。</span></em></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(5deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% -30px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 3px 15px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(127, 225, 205);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(161, 161, 161) 0px 3px 5px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(355deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% -30px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 3px 15px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(127, 225, 205);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken Greenberg</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(161, 161, 161) 0px 3px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHol2cWCib827zHGQ36k3ceO8vICpU3rwXncTwoLXYwIKzuU1PoDlG27g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgba(96, 178, 154, 0.51) 1px 1px 5px;height: auto;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/wWCELeHQeyHmzOBTg6ibnJwuOX7CGq9lnxkv46TeRIiazpSISIfiaXpxKlaDaGT8FguonVLibrWjFnjdCk1me46xow/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 100% 100%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;transform: translate3d(-6px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(323deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 38px;height: 12px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgba(126, 227, 198, 0.32);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(20, 139, 100);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8px;box-sizing: border-box;">今天与我们一起讨论的是两位专家和实践家，他们对城市的未来有诸多思考。Michael Murphy来自缅因州自由港。他是MASS Design Group建筑设计公司的创始人和执行董事。该公司参与了很多获奖项目，包括海地和非洲的创新医院设计、阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市的和平与正义国家纪念馆。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1.8px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们还邀请到了另外一位规划师，Ken Greenberg，来自多伦多，他是Greenberg咨询公司的负责人，也是多伦多城市设计和建筑部门的前主管。</span></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;transform: translate3d(6px, 0px, 1px) rotateX(180deg) rotateY(180deg);margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(323deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 38px;height: 12px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgba(126, 227, 198, 0.32);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/CQLm4x8YgrYwecjxEsEyWG5icUF3DM4fwurbbURQ6N8cdwxIOGbW6czAjeEo5yHwrlp1IIQh8HW77J5ZXqJdPQA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.13848920863309352" data-w="556"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0% -40px;opacity: 0.99;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/HlQa29icC9o76mhlz2tanZnSy2FzeBnwKtdds0LN8lnicNu6Zvugogdc0z62YhzeSUcgc2crVXdYvqM3ZHyeFOVQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.09337068160597572" data-w="1071"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;width: 90%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHicb4CN39gQibYzYWV6fXqYwbeShFpu07WOaH7ibBtEhYD1UZDJWhOQ29w/640?wx_fmt=jpeghigh" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeghigh" data-ratio="0.6666666666666666" data-w="1080"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: -40px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fdV1Ijq4eHicyRmPxfE1kOO7sVYETsAVEANN7niagUKm5BMsHLP67SNBBfLnrDVMWj2L8lfYXI9r21RbibCPiaJ2zw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.10644257703081232" data-w="1071"  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 15%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/3XALauPdw77E2SQXzk2vEZMXsOaN2Vp8ymGsP9BW4BRwiajbsppuf3WbW6iaTNMUUtca6nSUgDPcYxCV7OZ1BJRQ/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" data-ratio="0.912621359223301" data-w="206"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们今天要与一位建筑专家和一位规划专家，一起来讨论一个基本的问题：<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">我们能否构建一个真正有利于人类健康的城市环境？</span></strong>Michael，你的看法是什么？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我认为建成环境一直都在影响我们的健康。这种影响从来都不是中性的，要么是有益，要么是有害。我们90%的时间都身处于建成环境中，它们以各种方式塑造了我们的健康。真正的问题是，我们如何确保我们的设计决策是可见的，让这些决策带来积极的健康影响，并考虑我们的设计决策可能导致的因素：这些决策是否造成了不公正或伤害。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我认为这种影响贯穿了所有尺度的建成环境，从区域到城市到社区，再到我们过去六周所困居的住房。我们要如何设计它们？这一次它突出地揭示了其中所有不足之处，也指出了我们接下来的道路。这是一个从中吸取经验的好机会。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHol2cWCib827zHGQ36k3ceO8vICpU3rwXncTwoLXYwIKzuU1PoDlG27g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken Greenberg</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHDT7dorOEAMWMiaO0cKlWkRAHjt9DPPKD9lF8IdBZPatxPduibjMq2cibw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.6055555555555555" data-w="1080"  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">你写过关于公共领域中“相对贫困”的问题。这是在这次新冠肺炎疫情中突出反映的一个问题。能否给我们列举更多关于你所观察到的<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">实体空间的贫困</span></strong>的例子吗？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;width: 90%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自从第二次世界大战结束以后，全世界特别是北美，我们更多地将空间给了汽车，而行人的空间大幅萎缩，这是新冠之前早就有的现象。我们曾经花很大力气尝试去扩大人行空间。而现在我们需要的人行道距离是2米（6英尺），现有的空间依旧太窄。一城接着一城，突然间，我们的公共路权被重新分配给行人和自行车，我相信这会是永久的。从米兰到布鲁塞尔，从巴黎到纽约，再到我居住的城市多伦多，以及我工作的城市布兰普顿和其他很多城市，这个转变非常快，我们所有人十几年一直在倡导的东西，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">之前进展如此缓慢艰难，如今却一夜间转变了</span></strong>。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHol2cWCib827zHGQ36k3ceO8vICpU3rwXncTwoLXYwIKzuU1PoDlG27g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken Greenberg</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);text-align: center;margin: 20px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgba(81, 81, 81, 0.54) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);margin: -10px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgba(81, 81, 81, 0.54) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;border-style: dotted;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(58, 50, 38) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeH6hh6axtdyP8ICwwRcdABF9usmahrRQx43WhogsVejwDb6cWNxNI8lQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.6444444444444445" data-w="1080"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我希望这个改变是永久的，虽然我并不十分确定。Michael，考虑到Ken关于公共空间相对贫困的问题，你对我们身处的建筑的设计是怎么看的？<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我认为相对贫困的一个体现是，街道或者建筑大厅的设计并没有特别考虑到我们的健康，而是为了加快人员流动或者确保餐厅的入座率。但是，并不是所有的设计都需要考虑到健康，考虑到空气、光线和气流流通。现在我们所有人都窝在家里，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">对于空间认知范式有了惊人的转变</span></strong>。我们自己<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">有了这种空间认知</span></strong>，我们周围的建成空间结构具有伤害我们的能力，它们可以是受污染的空间，也可以是保护我们免受污染伤害的空间。这种空间意识真的觉醒了，让我们意识到未来要以何种方式如何评估和改变这个世界。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">过去50—70年来，我们的城市在宏观层面围绕着小汽车而设计。那么我们是否可以在个别建筑的层面上找到同样的比喻或者类似的设计前提，例如空气的流动？Michael，在我们建造房子时，有没有什么能<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">影响内部空气健康程度的因素？</span></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">当然。我认为在过去六七十年的建成环境中，伴随着小汽车的出现，最根本的转变，是建筑中机械通风系统的引入。这个机械通风系统——也就是空调——能让我们能够居住在本没有那么适宜人居住的环境中，并且创造出独特的建筑理念，例如迪拜沙漠中的滑雪场。现在我们不得不思考，我们应该这样做吗？<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">我们是否应该重新思考我们过去基于周边环境和气候去设计、建造建筑的方式？</span></strong>在我们的建筑、医院和学校中设计自然通风的被动系统，这不仅是一个环境缓和策略，更能让我们和周边的环境重新建立连接。如果我们接受这个转变，建筑本身也必须变化，在不同的气候条件下建造城市肯定是不一样的。这必须基于城市特色和地域特征。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;margin: 30px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(58, 50, 38);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0%;transform: translate3d(-20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqjZq6gTkWwpibShiceOFyFXCN45MtPR2sHn9ib2QamEuMT8YPmy6gXtiaw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5717299578059072" data-w="474"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -2px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 50%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top-left-radius: 0px;line-height: 1;border-bottom: 3px none rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;background-color: rgba(118, 178, 124, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael，能否给我们举一些例子？位处美国东北部的波士顿建筑如此密封是因为冬天和夏天的气温都比较极端。其他建筑的通风是如何实现的？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">美国东北的本土建筑有着低矮的天花板以抵御冬天的严寒，窗户在夏天可以打开让空气流通。比如，如果你去看新奥尔良的当地建筑，它们有很高的天花板使热气可以上升，大窗户可以在一年中相对潮湿的时间打开，以便得到更多的空气流通。过去建筑是专门为当地的微气候和环境设计的。在二十世纪中期我们能够完全控制内部环境、气候和空气流通后，这种情况改变了：它把建筑本身密封起来了。当然，这些创新有的会持续下去，但这是一个警示，我们剥离了建筑环境和外部环境。我认为现在还有机会去改变。不管能不能打开或关闭窗户，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">我们的建筑都需要和外界进行呼吸</span></strong>。但是，如果人们无法打开他们的窗户，例如在医院里，会成为一个很大的问题。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael所说的让建筑更加健康，能帮助我们解决下一阶段的问题，甚至是气候变化。与其将解决气候变化和经济发展视作互相冲突的议题，我们将二者视为可权衡的选择。这次疫情实际上是一次彩排，是为了应对全球范围内更大的共同挑战。在谈话中我想强调的另外一件事是，这次疫情揭示了我们社会中难以置信的不平等，以及谁受到的影响最大。我们可以看到，在加拿大的长期护理中心，特别是养老院，老年人非常容易感染，在社区中也是如此。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Malcolm Gladwell提出了一个很好的类比。就是如果你在训练足球队，你要做的是关注最差的球员，而不是最好的球员，因为这是一项团队运动。赫尔辛基自诩拥有全世界城市中最好的护士学校，而我认为在医疗保健方面，并不能满足于少数人拥有非常复杂高级的药物和医疗资源，更大的问题是公共健康和对待每个人的方式。所以我认为，无论是我们看待住房的方式、住房的可负担性还是其他因素，都是短板议题。Jane Jacobs写到她不喜欢美国的城市，她认为城市密度和过分拥挤是不同的。过分拥挤会导致疾病和流行病，而“城市密度造就了疾病传播”这种说法是对城市的妖魔化。我们忽视的是我们建造城市的方式。从社区到建筑，我们有没有共同缔造社区的凝聚力，建筑是否足够慷慨？在结构中有一个术语叫价值工程学，也就是如何节约成本。而我认为<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">我们必须反过来重视建筑的冗余</span></strong>，以及缔造社区和建筑组织结构过程中的情感构建。这也和之前Michael谈论到的异曲同工，这些冗余空间允许我们在疫情期间获取食物、在城市中穿行，亦或是以多种方式与他人互动。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHol2cWCib827zHGQ36k3ceO8vICpU3rwXncTwoLXYwIKzuU1PoDlG27g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken Greenberg</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHlWtibicoFSvF3V7kXJ8kYtqb5VLlmIFLxia81xK40pFL8IYiaia2ZWUOzibA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.6475" data-w="800"  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">是的，这种冗余造就了快速响应的能力。那么Michael，我昨天看了一些之前MASS Design Group公司参与的设计和项目。让我们聊聊医疗卫生和医院空间。您能否给我们介绍一下您的公司曾设计的医院建筑，比如在海地或其他地方，向我们描述一下Ken所说的<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">建筑中的慷慨是怎样实践的？</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">当我还是建筑研究生时，结识了Paul Farmer 博士，我们展开了合作工作。当时他们正在为那些最有需要的、最缺乏服务的乡村建造医院，不过他们所建造的医院并不能防御大流行病，比如空气传播的疾病和耐药性结核。所以，设计上的真正挑战是如何重新利用现有的建筑以降低流行病的传染性。我们如何设计以对应多变的流行病——例如思考空气的流动性和病人和工作人员的流动性，以及建筑当地区域的气候条件状况。在卢旺达北部农村这个案例中，我们无法在建筑中使用大规模机械通风系统，并且也没有专业工程人员用来维护，所以要用到上世纪二三十年代建造医疗中心的方法。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">某种程度上建成环境的设计都是对当时公共健康的回应</span></strong>，历史中多次的流行病一次又一次塑造了城市的设计。1860年至1880年间，霍乱肆虐全球，公共卫生状况陷入危机。中央公园的设计是为了引入阳光、空气和公共空间来治愈城市。在那个时代，水系统开发应对霍乱疫情在伦敦，改变了城市建造的方式。所以我们看到这些关系一如既往，交织密不可分。问题是建筑要如何应对这些一直在变化的流行病？</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">就像你之前设计过的医院一样，做一些优雅简单的小改变就能带来很多好处，比如室外走廊、让室外空气和阳光流通等。我们连线一位来自纽约水牛城的在线听众Owen。</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHP863vibEtibaPHc2C4jOgR5qu77u251OHGk0b6qcxEvriaZ0unSwBfQFQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.6" data-w="1080"  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其实纽约的水牛城是Frederick Olmsted（中央公园设计者）愿景的主要受益者。我们有很多绿地，但是现代的趋势是开发商的经济压力太大使得我们需要重建税基，并且不幸的是政府也在这种压力下屈服，以高密度的方式创造新的城市贫民窟。我虽理解经济压力下需要最大化租金收入，但我觉得我们同样也可以拥有综合住房和社区来平衡这一压力，这种微型住宅可以让你在房地产上拥有绿色空间。但是像你提到的多伦多项目，感觉我们被加拿大人的经济压力入侵了。像是加拿大安大略在河滨区建设的高密度摩天大厦，不仅挡住了公众视野，限制了阳光，也限制了公众进入滨水区。我喜欢我的单栋住宅，我喜欢四边都有自然进入。我有朋友住在联排住宅里，他们只有一个对着拥挤的街道的窗户，像住在山洞里。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeH2xnUhiava2HMia96MMQxeeorD8Qss9HcsL9JvTicGmd3XSMKkaOcE35Bw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Owen</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（听众）</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken，你对Owen提到的<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">经济压力下导致城市密度</span></strong>的担忧有何见解？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">先介绍一下之前两次提到的Frederick Law Olmsted，他是当代景观建筑设计之父，也就是纽约中央公园的设计者。他在内战时期是废奴主义者，他的背景是公共健康，这两点也激励他创立中央公园。中央公园设计的初衷也是为了调解社会问题，所以它不单是一块空气新鲜的公共绿地，更是能够增加社会凝聚力的社交空间，人们在这里聚集、谈心、锻炼等等。这对恢复社会危机很有帮助。1995年在芝加哥发生了一次热浪，其中一个有趣的现象是，那些社交密切的社区的死亡人数要远远低于那些封闭疏离的社区。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">这说明提倡公共领域的“慷慨”很重要</span></strong>。最近我经常使用一个概念叫“20分钟社区”，围绕着社区中心、学校图书馆、日托、当地购物等人们日常活动来建立的社区，这样可以更好地增强社会凝聚力。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHol2cWCib827zHGQ36k3ceO8vICpU3rwXncTwoLXYwIKzuU1PoDlG27g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken Greenberg</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">除了空间密度的问题，Owen还提及了金融结构和分区法助长了摩天大楼的快速发展。为了解决住房成本日益增长，建造更多更密集的公寓高楼似乎是一个解决方案。但这样也会有很多负面影响，所以<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">如何建造更多高楼的同时考虑到你刚才谈到的20分钟社区的</span></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">畅想呢？</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我参与成立了Ryerson University的City Building Institute，我们刚刚发表了一份报告，叫做《Density Done Right》。重点不是密度，仅仅建造一群群非常高的建筑并不能解决问题。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">答案是分散式的密度</span></strong>。我们正在研究多伦多的整个城市区域，人口将从650万增长到2041年的1350万。报告的论点是，有巨大的机会可以帮助我们在单户住宅和40层塔楼之间找到所谓的中间地带。这里有各种各样的建筑类型，从巷式住宅到在单一家庭社区内引入额外单元，再到主街道上的小型公寓建筑。这会让很多社区受益，他们从额外的人口和服务的多样性中获益。但如果我们把密度集中在了少数的地方，从而对额外住房的大量需求产生了超高密度的建设，这就可能不是最好的方法。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHol2cWCib827zHGQ36k3ceO8vICpU3rwXncTwoLXYwIKzuU1PoDlG27g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken Greenberg</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 30px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(58, 50, 38);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: -20px 0%;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6666667" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHSHibTgVCLb7bictdWnGkiayX9Z2kl9kdsSDJmTCIoudCvSuBTJASdeClg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">即使在最好的情况下新建筑得到批准，但这些建筑周边地绿地、开放空间、学校、交通等等都不会同一时期被批准，而是事后才被考虑，这也是问题的一部分。</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">想想我们城市的发展模式，特别是在过去的50年里，主要是市场驱动的发展，联邦政府对基础设施的投资一代代减少。在接下来的几年里我们可能会看到另一个潜在的类似罗斯福新政或者“伟大社会“项目对城市和农村基础设施的巨大投资。那会采取什么形式呢？由什么价值观驱动？有什么协议来确保它服务于最需要的人，创造更健康的环境，投资当地资源？这些都是我们现在要问的问题，因为过去大萧条和“伟大社会”的经历，告诉我们未来应该投资什么样的基础设施。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我曾经是波士顿“大挖掘“时期（注：1991-2007年的城市改造项目）的临时总规划师，Michael提出的这几点对于解决像波士顿这样的城市的海平面上升问题以及保护城市都是至关重要的，这也将导致一种全新的公共空间的产生，也就是所谓的景观都市主义。我们都必须解决气候变化或海平面上升的脆弱性问题，但我们可以利用它来扩大我们沿海的公共领域。不是一次解决一个问题，而是通过创造性的设计解决多个问题，我认为这是我们现在面临的最佳机会。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHol2cWCib827zHGQ36k3ceO8vICpU3rwXncTwoLXYwIKzuU1PoDlG27g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken Greenberg</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我完全同意这一观点，因为在理想的韧性城市中，韧性意味着更长期的可持续性和更短的响应时间，这是我们在经历紧急情况时所需要的。让我们连线我们的在线听众Christopher。</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0% -40px;opacity: 0.99;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/HlQa29icC9o76mhlz2tanZnSy2FzeBnwKtdds0LN8lnicNu6Zvugogdc0z62YhzeSUcgc2crVXdYvqM3ZHyeFOVQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.09337068160597572" data-w="1071"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;width: 90%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6138889" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHE9sTNg6QibqxGtprVDib9nY9LjWAV8GIibEgxSq6GWianc7JSVFg6WXz7g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: -40px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fdV1Ijq4eHicyRmPxfE1kOO7sVYETsAVEANN7niagUKm5BMsHLP67SNBBfLnrDVMWj2L8lfYXI9r21RbibCPiaJ2zw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.10644257703081232" data-w="1071"  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">虽然对话中提及 Frederick Law Olmsted 两次，但却没有邀请景观设计师到这次访谈中，这点有些不太专业。你多次提到开放空间和绿色空间，不如给它们一个身份，用“公园“、”广场“具体地称呼它们。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeH2xnUhiava2HMia96MMQxeeorD8Qss9HcsL9JvTicGmd3XSMKkaOcE35Bw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Christopher</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（听众）</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">所以你是景观设计师吗？你如何看待景观在我们谈论的这些更具韧性的城市设计中所起的重要作用？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着海平面的上升，景观在我们解决这个问题时变得更加重要。景观其实是一个城市的基础，这不是指你去一个城市的建筑里逛逛，或者去公园和广场上溜达。景观把建筑和基础设施看作是其延续，它不仅仅是绿色的景物或自然空间，不是那些大手笔，而是人类尺度下凝聚城市的根基。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeH2xnUhiava2HMia96MMQxeeorD8Qss9HcsL9JvTicGmd3XSMKkaOcE35Bw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Christopher</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（听众）</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">是的，所以说很多社区建筑许可批下来、建起来之后第二、第三步才考虑景观，是很不幸的。Michael要回应吗？</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们的公司有景观建筑部门做相关的项目。我们认为城市设计和景观建筑确实在很多根本问题上是相互连结的。我们的任务是在建成环境中纳入建筑、景观、城市设计，从而治愈我们，让我们保持健康。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">治愈有三个尺度</span></strong>，第一是<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">身体上的</span></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">治愈</span></strong>，就像我们现在感知到的，如何让我们个人免受疾病困扰和保持健康。第二是<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">社区层面</span></strong>的治愈，以社会凝聚力为尺度。第三是<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">国家</span></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">的治愈</span></strong>，从国家创伤中恢复，我认为纪念雕塑和墓碑的建立在以后将成为重要投入。五万人在这次疫情中丧生，作为一个国家，这次历史性的惨剧——我们甚至处理不过来——将会成为我们一直面对的挑战。我们将会目睹新的公共雕塑、电子纪念碑，给无法表达哀悼的人民提供相应的场所与活动，对这次疫情中逝去的生命的敬仰。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHhm8RYnFwLy5N3hM10ElVsTvGia2hmW6H5S0FmoBoIzLQI9UJ9804s4A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5617977528089888" data-w="890"  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们现在转向听众Jim，他正从内布拉斯加州的奥马哈市打来电话。</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一种提升城市设计的方式是致力于更好的公共交通，而奥马哈只有上座率不高的公交车。我好奇像奥马哈这样的小城市如何能够在明知公共交通经济效益不高的情况下提升公共交通。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeH2xnUhiava2HMia96MMQxeeorD8Qss9HcsL9JvTicGmd3XSMKkaOcE35Bw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Jim</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（听众）</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Jim的问题让我们回到了持续已久的基于对小汽车的关注而建造的城市的问题，我们无法在没有更好公共交通的情况下得出对全新而具韧性的城市空间的解决方案和视野。这我们怎样才能达到这一目标呢？<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">如果我们需要远离以小汽车为中心的模型，应该怎么做呢？</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;width: 90%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对小汽车的依赖正是因为我们工作、购物、上学地点的分离产生一系列的问题。我们正在试图用15-20分钟的社区圈重塑碎片化的城市，这样人们都可以离这些地点更近、离彼此更近。就我看来，这次疫情给予了我们新的动力和紧迫感来实现我们已经试图在做的事。加拿大和美国肯定会有政府刺激资金，问题是我们如何使用这些资金，例如改善城市交通、增加之前讲到的建筑空间冗余。这些组织和试点计划能否生存下来，我想引用一本书，Stewart Brand写的《How Buildings Learn》，它也能应用于城市，通过失败经验和需要被改善的东西来学习。我觉得放眼身边，人们已经在这次危机中做一些创新的事情。例如，在破碎的供应链下，人们有很大兴趣在自家后院种植食物，并且在离家近的地方手工制作东西，我们也突然发现可以把无家可归的人安置进酒店和空置的建筑中，还有改善道路空间分配。我认为如何在压力的情况下改善和快速应对问题，加上政府有效的领导力，是我们社会之中非常了不起的一种能力。我从来没有见过像加拿大现在这样运用多方部门的合作来解决这些事情。其中有很多我们能够利用学习的经验。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHol2cWCib827zHGQ36k3ceO8vICpU3rwXncTwoLXYwIKzuU1PoDlG27g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken Greenberg</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;width: 90%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">世界上所有的大城市都在试图实现减少对小汽车的依赖，代表例子有阿姆斯特丹、哥本哈根、南美洲的波多大，还有伦敦、巴黎、纽约。但现在发生的是这些过程的加速。就像我之前说的，我相信两件事：一，我们不都想撤退到虚拟世界的电脑里，我们都想回到现实生活中和他人进行联系；二，我们需要相应的空间来达到这一目的。我们不会把这些空间这么快让位给汽车，这些改变会成为这一时期永久的遗留物。我们会一直持续做改变，直到有疫苗为止。我们会在这不一样的生活环境下生活一段时间，然后逐渐回到这些空间。我认为这是一个做出必需的转变的绝佳机会。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHiaQFDdGd2yfsDFE1LZ14yE0n5meIEHEGCOlzGeKDcQ12L164sdZy75g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5" data-w="960"  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如你所说，这种空间的重新分配：为了大众的使用，不优先化汽车交通和挤压行人，创建更广泛的公共空间网络，从而不让城市那么拥挤。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(254, 79, 143);box-sizing: border-box;">这次疫情有没有激发其他可以在建筑和城市中久留的变化呢？</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们每个人都感到一种风气的改变，我们在重新理解健康对于我们的重要性。这将驱使一种地区主义的思考方式，这些对于我们对于建成环境、材料、人工的选择，以及对气候和微气候的影响都会在一定范围内影响我们，它们和健康是一体的。类似于之前的“慢食运动”（注：抵制快餐、鼓励健康食物的运动），“慢空间运动”可以帮助我们思考建成环境发展的方向。这个运动告诉了我们如何思考每个设计决定对我们的生活和社区的影响，做出更好的决策，并且衡量其对我们的生活和社区的影响。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHqPQPXHTktlrbpSgJMsibficVwJotxLrhjsdeciczDGQFImNlZ0mvW8xjw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1" data-w="416"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Michael Murphy</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们正在讨论这次的COVID-19疫情对城市和建筑这一层面的影响，而设计者已经在思索如何重新设计更小尺度的街道指示牌和通告栏以告诉民众如何在疫情期间保持健康和安全。</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">现在通用的的设计理念是以同情心和人之间的纽带为标准。</p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHol2cWCib827zHGQ36k3ceO8vICpU3rwXncTwoLXYwIKzuU1PoDlG27g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9969325153374233" data-w="652"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Ken Greenberg</p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHeCQVeN1P96crskKHHx0Kibar5kO82iaylt7USulKK3nia6gVM1pmpmANA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.7497517378351539" data-w="1007"  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">接下来是国际设计公司Canon Design的创意总监 Dylan Coonrad。他已经重新设计了十个我们非常熟悉的指示牌。这个项目是概念性的，亦充满诙谐，例如消防栓上写着“不要囤积洗手液“，或者国家公园标志上一片戴口罩的叶子。Dylan认为好的设计必须有同理心。</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);padding: 16px;width: 90%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对我们来说，面对问题没有答案是完全可以的，但要带着接受批评的态度、能量、好奇心去理解这些问题，这需要很大的勇气。这就是设计师变得更加成熟的方式，在当下也很有价值。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">当我在布鲁克林跑步时， 我会为了不注意跑步而把注意力放在其他的地方。我看着那些路过的指示牌，有一个特别吸引我的注意力。那是一个行人过马路的指示牌，对我来说上面的人过马路时靠得太近了，按现在的社交距离标准很误导人。我觉得无论说什么语言、从哪里来、住在哪里，我们都依赖这些常见的指示牌来告诉我们该如何行为，以及更重要的是如何保证安全。我们需要这些常见的提示物来帮助我们保持健康安全，它们有统一的力量。当我回家时我脑海里已经有了几个想法。在原先的指示牌上，一男一女在过马路，身子凑在一起。在解决方案中，我们只是把同样的人分得更开了，这说明了我们改变自身的行为不会花费太多精力，但效果能够持续很久。此外，大多数人经过湿的地面时候都能见到那些“小心地滑”的指示牌。而新的指示牌把之前半空中的人做出了变化：人形没有变，但是手臂呈祝贺状举起来。这些指示牌告诉人们当心脚下的同时赞扬了那些医疗健康工作者。人们开始注意那些经常被忽略的指示牌，上面那些积极的信息能够使我们更紧密地相连。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">给这些广泛的元素带入新的视角，使得人们能够注意到它们或者再次思考是很强大的。人们阅读上面的内容时会感到被关心、被肯定，大家一起努力，在隧道的尽头会有希望和阳光。我想肯定这些过去的设计，为我们发展了这些很棒的社会交流工具。它们因为对我们的行为有着深切的影响而成为了无与伦比的设计。它们并不是尘封在书架上或者静置在博物馆里，它们对我们来说意味着一切。我觉得我们会比想象中更多地依赖它们。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgb(236, 239, 241);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/4lk9f7icK2ziaWZViajzUaugQtmNl46aRv8jck2eGADrRHWUbgKj3njgBibqtQLtJsBVJIRIicErWeAU6dMWyENpGfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHMAibOG2ccfgLnJk3ib8US9q3cWyXjchxeO0r6FCBjB9ribn7iaIuly9pbA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9968051118210862" data-w="313"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Dylan Coonrad</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;margin: 5px 10px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHAibolE8RENa43cBuH3yETPBbibRtwZB9icwLtv53mRiacs1gWFQ3TN6Ucw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.9696969696969697" data-w="429"  /></section><section style="font-size: 9px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Meghan Charkrabarti</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 75%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="vertical-align: top;margin-top: 29px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icAvkbCCFRWZsffZgUy8s4sun9VYuBa7lCy0r7eI376EIqbtnqvl4AoOg7b4lsXh50gnR2XsUSic2liayZlP10iatA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.85" data-w="20"  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;margin-top: 11px;border-radius: 16px;background-color: rgba(198, 214, 221, 0.69);padding: 16px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Dylan Coonrad是Canon Design的创意总监，他在纽约布鲁克林的家里和我们连线。想浏览更多Dylan提到的标识牌，详情www.onpointradio.org。</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHIDzJFRH1OwO5sCgUyQWd7z8DwemEABAAPsLS3TENbD6gClXoIiazI1g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9981481481481481" data-w="1080"  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icWwRibepbogeicHWUAkqTxOJOBN39uE4J7THry0VvXfiaxCDSJ4sCPzgWARQMcNPlzcbGZZqaicdBxJhzveRUcUR2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ibKxBLFQF9ATjFezuUykqCMkVn3MtabBLzL5QNlj2rPO2j1fxTGhjZmq14J5xY6mZNFndm7aXmJwA2TsBPsia50Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.235" data-w="600"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeHYUULBgqF9Yg1IONFib01q3Sq8MtPNUN31aYc3XO5qkfB4u9nFFRddPw/640?wx_fmt=jpeghigh" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeghigh" data-ratio="1.7777777777777777" data-w="1080"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(154, 204, 203);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -30px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(30px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 25%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9tOibs32vlFBCUFcljRmQeH9JOxydt60rQ2XjuoDXRfU5mPfFI6pPtHDpmtPskNNC9xiaQPXsYGa2A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.9324074074074075" data-w="1080"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -30px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 5px solid rgb(237, 194, 113);border-top-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section 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