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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhGl97cZnbBhCxZYf8oSYCyyJBRDpqHUX8yYtTMUFk36QW3b3AOpbETc6Y82LHIwJyBdEgWxDFEDA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 70%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(153, 166, 171);line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎点击以上蓝色字体</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关注</p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhGl97cZnbBhCxZYf8oSYCyyJBRDpqHUX8yYtTMUFk36QW3b3AOpbETc6Y82LHIwJyBdEgWxDFEDA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: left;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: right;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;margin: -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(348deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;margin: -80px 0% 0px;font-size: 13px;transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5em;height: 5em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;text-align: center;border-radius: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table;width: 100%;height: 5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;line-height: 1.3;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 17px;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">导语<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 作者西安建筑科技大学建筑学院教授、博士生导师黄嘉颖，西安建筑科技大学建筑学院博士研究生赵伟伟在《规划师》2020年第3期撰文，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在全球化背景下，城市发展普遍面临文化失语与文化迷失的双重困境。城市文化景观作为反映城市特色并有效提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高城市辨识度的核心要素，必须予以高度关注。文章以榆林古城为研究对象，从景观指数化视角出发，参考城市建设用地分</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">类标准并结合城市文化景观的土地利用形态，建立城市文化景观的土地利用分类体系。在此基础上，依托GIS 及FRAGSTAGS</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平台，选择景观破碎度指数、蔓延度指数、连通度指数、最大斑块指数、散布与并列指数等解析榆林古城文化景观“域面—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">廊道—斑块”的系统格局特征，着重从分区优化、廊道织补与斑块复兴3 个层面提出城市文化景观格局修补策略。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: left;border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: right;border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]景观指数；城市文化景观；特征解析；格局修补；榆林古城</p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文章编号 ]1006-0022(2020)03-0031-08　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 中图分类号 ]TU981　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文献标识码 ]B </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 引文格式 ]黄嘉颖，赵伟伟．景观指数化视角下的榆林古城文化景观特征解析及格局修补[J]．规划师，2020(3)：31-38．</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/O5iccsNNMPbNIfjlCqiabRuoRg5nMVTmAzYeFtbeZZxb33VLEqyRf6LvA8VpEY2WUcHNnlJ6UA2GA9mWFbUvnZ0A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观指数研究进展与应用优势</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">景观指数是建立景观结构与现象过<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程之间联系的定量化研究指标，主要通</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">过景观特征的指数化来转译和描述景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">格局及其变化。景观指数的测算主要依</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">托GIS 及FRAGSTAGS 平台完成：①通过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">GIS平台将现实景观空间进行栅格—矢量</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化处理，识别与表述庞杂的空间信息；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">②利用FRAGSTAGS平台，对空间数据进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行数理统计和拓扑计算，获取相应的景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观指数，进一步描述景观空间的形态、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">结构和异质性，并通过具有统计学意义</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的反应变量解释反演景观格局与生态过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程之间的关系。在国内外相关研究中，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观指数分析多用于景观生态学领域的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">研究，重点集中在土地利用、覆被变化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和景观格局的分析与构建，生态系统</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">敏感性评价、生态系统服务价值分析和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生态安全网络格局构建，以及景观破</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">碎化与地域人文景观特征分析及其保护</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">研究等方面。从景观指数理论应用看，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">已表现出从自然景观生态系统向人文景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观生态系统延伸的明显趋势，已有学者</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">将景观指数分析引入传统地域文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">破碎化、孤岛化的研究中。相关研</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">究基本涵盖聚落空间用地的各个方面，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">论证了景观指数分析方法在文化景观研</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">究中的适用性，并启发了文化景观分析</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">指数化的研究思路。然而，通过景观指</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">数理论与方法揭示城市文化景观格局的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">特征及问题，进而在“城市双修”中提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">出城市文化景观格局修补应对策略的实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">践探讨仍较为鲜见。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市文化景观格局的指数化分析是<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以整体人文生态系统为研究对象，将城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市文化景观视为城市人群生存与发展的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地方性生境，利用景观图示语言、景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">格局构建等方式定量解析城市文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的空间格局及其人文生态流动过程。从</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观指数分析的特点及其应用趋势看，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">借助景观指数理论与方法进行城市文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观格局研究具有突出的优势：一方面，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观指数分析方法提出的“格局”“过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程”“尺度”“等级”等概念为城市文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化景观的分析与理解提供了有益的工具，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">并通过具有内涵过程表征意义的特征指</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">数测算可以建立文化景观内在变化与外</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在特征之间的桥梁，为城市文化景观空</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间特征下的现实问题探究提供定量依据；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">另一方面，景观指数分析涉及斑块、廊道、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">域面等不同尺度的景观空间，可以满足</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不同景观尺度的转化与对接，也可以为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市文化景观解析提供全域认知的视角</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和技术路径。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/O5iccsNNMPbNIfjlCqiabRuoRg5nMVTmAzYeFtbeZZxb33VLEqyRf6LvA8VpEY2WUcHNnlJ6UA2GA9mWFbUvnZ0A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市文化景观指数化分析及格局</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">修补路径</strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市是以人为主体的景观生态单元，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高度的人工化是城市文化景观最突出的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">特征。城市文化景观修补，首先需要对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构成复杂的城市文化景观要素进行系统</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的梳理和划分，然后建构适于城市文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观的指数化分析框架和格局修补路径</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">(图1)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.765625" data-w="768" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBu2fBUdQCxibDaLlZzmkdApHQvEBdFiaXZEVfHlPibub3rorI8ec8UAbwBA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市文化景观分为城市物质文化景<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观和城市非物质文化景观，本文的城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化景观主要指城市物质文化景观，以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体现城市地域性文化特征及城市人文与</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">环境的互动关系为典型。本文针对城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">物质文化景观的空间特性，并基于“城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市双修”可操性的思考，建立城市文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观的土地利用分类体系。同时，基于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">现代化过程中景观建设对城市文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的影响程度，选取体现城市文化景观发</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">展特征的综合景观指标。其中，选取景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观破碎度指数分析景观域面特征；选取</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">蔓延度指数和连通度指数分析景观廊道</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">特征；选取最大斑块指数、散布与并列</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">指数分析景观斑块个体单元特征(表1)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8046875" data-w="768" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBuXFHcicib3VP4pr968NtAD5iavAJ81nojU9ZXbJxJH3B4F5CcfdLU57Fag/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在此基础上，本文进一步结合实地<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">调研结果，运用GIS及FRAGSTAS平台</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的景观指数计算及移动窗口法深入剖析</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市文化景观的特征：①在景观域面层</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面，主要探究城市文化景观域面的破碎</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化空间分布格局和内部水平差异；②在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观廊道层面，着重剖析城市文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">廊道的连通度及感知度；③在景观斑块</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">层面，以城市文化景观斑块的优势度及</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">特点为研究重点。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文以上述存在问题为导向，探讨<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市文化景观指数的适宜性，进而从景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观域面、景观廊道和景观斑块3个层面</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">着手，提出文化景观格局修补策略，实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">现重塑城市文化名片、提高城市辨识度</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和激发城市活力的目的。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/O5iccsNNMPbNIfjlCqiabRuoRg5nMVTmAzYeFtbeZZxb33VLEqyRf6LvA8VpEY2WUcHNnlJ6UA2GA9mWFbUvnZ0A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市文化景观分类</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）分类标准择取</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不同学者或组织基于不同的研究视<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">角，将文化景观分成多种形式：世界遗</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产委员会在《实施世界遗产保护的操作</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">导则》中，将文化景观遗产分为设计的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观、进化形成的景观及关联性景观三</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大主要类别；美国国家公园管理局将</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化景观分为文化人类学景观、历史设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">计景观、历史乡土景观和历史场所4 种</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">类型；我国的李和平教授借鉴西方国</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">家的类型划分标准，结合文化景观要素</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的地域特性，将文化景观分为设计景观、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">遗址景观、场所景观、聚落景观和区域</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观5种类型，并基于此展开历史城镇</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化景观保护研究；吴庆州教授基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于民族文化及建筑遗产保护的研究，将</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化景观分为城市文化景观、园林文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观、宗教文化景观、乡土文化景观和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建筑装饰文化景观；王云才教授依据</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">土地利用类型和土地利用形态两个方面，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">将传统地域文化景观划分为居住与生活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间、生产用地、生态空间和链接空间4</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">种类型，并据此建立完整的用地分类体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">系。从已有文化景观的分类研究看，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">已表现出内容逐步明确、操作性逐步增</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">强的趋势。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为体现城市文化景观的本原特性，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文依据城市文化景观的特征及特色，借</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">鉴王云才教授对传统地域文化景观的分类</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">标准，并结合榆林古城文化景观的空间构</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">成，对城市文化景观进行大类划分。为了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">使本文研究成果对“城市双修”的具体实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">践具有更好的适宜性和可操性，参考城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建设用地分类标准进一步明确城市文化景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观的土地利用形式，建立城市文化景观的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用地分类体系，使其分类能够与实践衔接，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与城市建设实施相对应。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）分类体系建立</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文将城市文化景观划分为居住与<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生活景观空间、生产景观空间、生态景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间、廊道景观空间4个大类，包括9</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个中类、27个子类。其中，居住与生活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观空间包括居住空间、传统公共空间和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">现代公共空间3个中类，生产景观空间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">包括工业空间及商业办公空间2 个中类，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生态景观空间包括绿地空间、水域空间2</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个中类，廊道景观空间包括人工廊道空间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与自然廊道空间2 个中类(图2)。将这些</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化景观类型运用到城市土地利用上，通</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">过城市土地利用的景观指数化分析揭示城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市文化景观的空间规律。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3800786" data-w="763" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBuIuXUic3icECPZIhYPrujgQRiaGWoc7qcnyXGEc75ar4EM8cAy3Beyb1xA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">榆林古城文化景观数据主要来源于<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2017年榆林古城的土地利用规划图及谷</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">歌图像。通过图像判读，并结合相关资</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">料记载和现场调研材料，2017年榆林古</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城的城市文化景观可分为4个大类、6个</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中类和17个子类。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/O5iccsNNMPbNIfjlCqiabRuoRg5nMVTmAzYeFtbeZZxb33VLEqyRf6LvA8VpEY2WUcHNnlJ6UA2GA9mWFbUvnZ0A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市文化景观特征解析与问题解读</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了深入剖析榆林古城城市文化景<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观的特征及问题，本文基于城市文化景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观的用地分类体系，从“城市双修”实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">践中文化景观格局修补的3个结构层次</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">入手，有针对性地选取相应的景观特征</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">指数进行测算，总结凝练城市文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的特征。同时，进一步结合区域热力图</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和实地调研结果，解析城市文化景观格局中存在的问题。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）文化景观特征解析</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对于榆林古城文化景观指数测算，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">首先依托GIS平台对CAD文件进行数字</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化处理，利用矢量数据将用地转换为像</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">元大小为1m×1 m的栅格数据；然后利</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用FRAGSTATS平台从斑块类型、线性联</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">系和整体空间3个层面进行具体测算，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以此揭示榆林古城文化景观指数特征。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">域面整体高破碎，东西片区分</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">异化</span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文结合破碎度指数对榆林古城城<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市文化景观格局的域面特征进行解析。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基于景观格局破碎化程度及对社会经济</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">数据的相关分析结果，可以将城市文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观的破碎化程度划分为零破碎化、低</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">破碎化、中等破碎化和高破碎化共4个</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">评价标准，对应数据(FI) 的值域分别为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">[0，10-3)，[10-3 ，10-2)，[10-2 ，10-1)，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">[10-1，1]。据此可得出榆林古城城市文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化景观整体破碎度指数为0.726 0， 处于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高度破碎化阶段(表2)。就景观破碎度</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的片区分异特征而言，榆林古城西部片</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区破碎度分布较均衡，各破碎度层级均</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有分布且总体破碎度适中，而东部片区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">破碎度分布则呈现两极分化，高、低破</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">碎度反差明显( 图3)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.2963918" data-w="776" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBu3Dy9icqpdE8QtfHbUogUqtZp6qbwdIPgJoD5icXpu77MsiaBSkJTJ30Cw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.4177546" data-w="383" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBuuDNf2UoM1G4db91ah8SwQQ3YHibvzwrvNxwP0IVW5NaictbNicpGxupdA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">比对文化景观类型的分布特征可知，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">榆林古城西部片区以现代城市文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为主，如现代商业商务、城市广场和重</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大交通枢纽等，传统城市文化景观间或</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分布；东部片区以传统城市文化景观为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主，如宗教寺庙、民居历史建筑和传统</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">商业等，现代城市文化景观较少(图4)。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">由此可见，榆林古城东西片区文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">破碎度分布的分异化与其文化景观类型</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的分布特征密切相关。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.4199475" data-w="381" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBu9jd6ve0YuCTE61B3hojM2ngibhS2dSCom8u8ffGXNicEdmXRZQUicCzpw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.主轴廊道生成，鱼骨结构初显</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市的文化景观廊道既是各种物质<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能量流的通道，又是分割景观、造成景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观破碎的原因和前提，更是决定城市景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观轮廓的主要因素，其发展引导着整个</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市景观格局的发展。廊道可分为以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">交通干线及线性历史遗迹为主的人工廊</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">道，以河流、植被带为主的自然廊道。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文主要研究链接城市文化景观斑块的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">特色街巷及体现城市独特文化脉络的城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">墙这两类人工廊道。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">蔓延度指数和连通度指数能体现景<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观的连通性，值域分别为 (0，100] 和[1，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">100]，指数越大，景观的连通性越高。榆</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">林古城文化景观的蔓延度指数为55.4148，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">500 m 范围内的连通度指数为35.8951。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">综合两类指数可知，榆林古城的文化景<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观连通度指数较低，空间连通性差强人</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">意(表3)。从该指数空间分布特征可以看</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">出，城墙是榆林古城连通性最强的文化景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观廊道(图5)。此外，城内还有两条主轴</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">廊道——南北大街和新建路，并初步呈现</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平行鱼骨状结构形态特征。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.738961" data-w="770" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBurqlDAxxZTdWPg2NMHSo96youlAQof2HoLObjwuNVltiac3icbtqDaKqw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6276316" data-w="760" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBugs8pGFzBsDfWUop30SLxnUOW9WYO74sIJxNLP4sasQpWju8owMag0w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">斑块均布水平不一，分类优势</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">各异</span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">散布与并列指数表征景观格局的空<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间分布排列特征，值域为(0，100]，数值</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">越大，斑块分布越均匀，景观多样性越高。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">榆林古城的散布与并列指数为60.2662，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">处于中等水平。而在斑块分类层面，公</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">园绿地及防护绿地等生态景观斑块的散</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">布与并列指数较低，分别为0及8.7366，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间分布明显不均。传统特色街巷景观、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">教育科研景观和现代行政办公景观则拥</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有相对较高的散布与并列指数，分别为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">71.7298、70.0009 和61.1028，空间分</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">布较均衡。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从文化景观最大斑块指数的分类差<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">异可知，具有景观优势的城市文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多为现代城市文化景观( 城市广场、教育</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">科研景观等)，其最大斑块指数普遍高于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">1。传统文化景观( 民居历史建筑、特色</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">居住等) 的最大斑块指数分别为0.0424</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和0.3440，与现代文化景观相比具有明</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">显差距。此外，生态景观空间中的公园</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">绿地景观最大斑块指数测算值也较低，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">仅为0.2698。综合散布与并列指数和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">最大斑块指数分析，在榆林古城各类型</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化景观斑块中，现代文化景观优势明</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">显，生态景观斑块和传统景观斑块相对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">较弱。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）文化景观问题解读</p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.总体活力不足，分区活力失衡</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">根据榆林古城人流热力图，古城总<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体空间活力普遍不足，并且不同分区活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">力高低不平衡，其中新建路周边为人流</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">密集程度最高区域(图6)。从古城文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观的破碎度空间分布看，新建路两侧</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区域为中破碎化，而榆林古城整体文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观处于高破碎化。这说明文化景观的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">适度破碎化有助于激发片区活力，而过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度破碎化则不利于人流集聚，难以激发</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">活力。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8601307" data-w="765" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBuXc5EjNicdz4jcL5cSRxhyQCcGVnsbcyV0wX0iaV7xgzgVJILvPwDRzpA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从文化景观类型分布看，榆林古城<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">西部新建路两侧区域以现代城市文化景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观为主，而东部南北大街以东区域以传</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">统文化景观为主。可见，文化景观类型</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分布的差异化也是榆林古城不同分区活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">力高低分化的主要原因之一。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主轴特色缺失，城墙廊道断裂</span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过区域热力图轴线热力分布对比<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发现，同为榆林古城文化景观的主轴廊</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">道，南北大街及两侧区域的吸引力与活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">力明显弱于新建路两侧区域。造成两条</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主轴活力偏差的原因，除受主轴周边区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">域文化景观破碎化程度和文化景观斑块</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">优势度差异影响之外，还与轴线的文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">辨识度密切相关。通过实地调研，新建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">路两侧区域的大体量现代文化景观的地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">标辨析度较高；南北大街及两侧区域的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化景观以雕塑牌楼等其他遗址遗迹景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观及传统商业景观为主，尽管雕塑牌楼</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">等其他遗址遗迹景观能表现出一定的地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方文化特性，但是大片同质商业文化景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观缺乏特色标识，使得主轴线的文化辨</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">识度不足。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">虽然城墙为连通性最强的文化景观<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">廊道，但是就城墙文化景观廊道的现实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">表征及分布情况看，目前城墙文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">廊道存在多处断点，整体空间线性断裂，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不利于维持古城文化景观廊道的完整性</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与延伸性。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.生态斑块匮乏，传统斑块式微</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在斑块层面，根据不同类型文化景<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观斑块破碎化特征分析，就传统文化景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观与现代文化景观对比分析而言，传统</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化景观往往呈现高度破碎化特征和离</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">散分布的景观格局。究其原因，一方面</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是由于传统文化景观的形成多具有自发</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性，并非统一规划所致；另一方面也表</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">明传统文化景观受到了现代建筑的长期</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">侵入与渗透，使其破碎度逐渐升高。根</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">据景观生态学对破碎化效应的解析，过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度破碎化会导致景观多样性和系统稳定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性降低，甚至会使部分弱势景观消亡。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">加之榆林古城传统文化景观最大斑块指</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">数普遍偏低，其传统文化景观保护与复</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">兴的紧迫性不言而喻。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">此外，同为弱势斑块的公园绿地与<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">防护绿地等与生态环境条件高度相关的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化景观斑块的散布与并列指数较低，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">远低于大部分传统文化景观斑块的指数，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">表明古城文化景观的生态性严重匮乏。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/O5iccsNNMPbNIfjlCqiabRuoRg5nMVTmAzYeFtbeZZxb33VLEqyRf6LvA8VpEY2WUcHNnlJ6UA2GA9mWFbUvnZ0A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市文化景观格局修补策略</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">景观指数对于表征城市文化景观特<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">征与规律具有明显的量化比较优势，但</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是其取值范围与文化景观格局的优劣程</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度不能一概而论。因此，以景观指数为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">依据进一步探索城市文化景观格局的修</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">补，首先需对文化景观指数的适宜性进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行必要探讨。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）文化景观指数适宜性探讨</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">就不同景观指数的测算机理和表征<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">内涵而言，散布与并列指数、连通度指</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">数等景观水平指数对榆林古城文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">格局的修补具有一定的标准意义，其取</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值越大，景观多样性与连通性越好。但</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从景观破碎度指数和最大斑块指数看，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不能简单以高低作为判断，其中最大斑</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">块指数对于发掘优势文化景观、补强弱</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">势文化景观具有较好的指导意义。而景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观破碎度指数则需要在破碎化适中的前</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">提下，针对不同类型的文化景观探讨其</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">格局修补的适宜性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">基于城市文化景观的美学观赏价值<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及功能实用价值考虑，结合城市用地布</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">局原则及文化景观分类属性，部分文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观(如居住景观空间中的民居历史建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">筑、公共景观空间中的传统公共空间、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生态景观空间中的水域空间、自然廊道</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间中的河流水系及人工廊道空间中的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">传统特色街巷与历史遗迹廊道等)具有不</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可移动性和更改性，其破碎化程度往往</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">难以通过人为干涉而发生重大改变，因</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">此不针对其本身进行破碎度调整。而其</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">他生产生活类文化景观，尤其是体育中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">心、文化活动中心、行政中心、重大交</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通枢纽中心和金融商贸中心等具有专业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务性功能的文化景观，要求集聚配套</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">形成城市公共服务中心，因此其所对应</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的文化景观一般要求集中布局，景观破</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">碎度以中低破碎为宜。对于生态景观中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的绿地景观，就生活性而言，要强化其</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务居民日常活动的功能，即要求其渗</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">透至居民日常生活之中，围绕人们的需</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">求，进行“小、多、匀”的中高破碎化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">布局方式；就生态性而言，则要求其成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">片集聚，以中低破碎度状态产生相应的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生态效应，改善城市生态环境。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）文化景观格局修补策略</p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.分区优化，多元均好</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">提高文化景观分布的均好性和多样<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性，是激活城市土地利用活力、完善城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市文化景观格局的有效途径。针对榆林</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">古城文化景观域面破碎度东西分布不均</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衡、总体活力不足的问题，以差异化文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化景观用地置换的策略进行破碎度调适。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从文化景观斑块类型分布看，生活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性绿地景观斑块明显不足。以置换植入</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">绿斑的形式，平衡古城文化景观域面破碎化分布，同时弥补古城文化景观生态</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性匮乏的不足。首先，以500 m入园标</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">准以“口袋公园”“街头游园”等绿斑</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">形式置换非文化景观用地；其次，根</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">据居民点人均需求公园绿地数量，进行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">组团绿斑的置换；最后，以强化重要道</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">路节点绿化为手段，进行节点空间绿斑</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的置换(图7)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.4808184" data-w="391" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBuYvhfOGkDjloic37lVGSzvPHexUh5KqDyB0judRWtcu02IBljuaHq3Nw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在榆林古城东部尤其是东北部区域，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">因传统文化景观类型单一且高破碎化分</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">布，以致片区活力相对较低。根据文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观破碎度适宜性分析结果，传统文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观的破碎度显刚性，因此可以增补现</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">代城市文化景观为主要途径促进东部片</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区整体文化景观多样性以及片区土地利</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用活力的有效提高。除利用公园绿地景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观斑块置换空闲地、裸地等非文化景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">类用地外，以城市广场等大斑块文化景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观用地置换三类居住用地及部分质量较</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">差的弱势文化景观用地，以提高文化景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">观土地利用的富集度，激活片区发展活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">力。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.廊道织补，特色提升</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">根据表征文化景观连通性的景观指<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">数——蔓延度和连通度的计算原理可知，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可通过增加景观廊道周边的文化景观类</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">型提高其连通性，而连通性的提高又可</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进一步提高景观廊道特色感知度。因此，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">针对榆林古城文化景观廊道特色缺失的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">问题，可以文化景观类型的线性织补为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">切入点，从加强景观连通性及优化廊道</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">特色感知路径两个方面着手，塑造连续</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">贯通、秩序井然的文化景观廊道。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">首先，对榆林古城两条主轴线及城<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">墙等重要文化景观廊道进行功能性织补</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及形象性织补，以提高其整体连通性并</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">提升文化特色：①调换沿线景观斑块功</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能，恢复植入榆林老字号传统商业，如</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">皮坊、酿造、印刷刻字等榆林当地特色</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产业，使其兼具商业及展示功能，改变</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">轴线沿线单一同构商品零售商业景观现</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">状。②增补现代景观斑块类型，如展示</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">街区文化特性的家具、小品( 座椅、路灯、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">雕塑、花植等)，提升轴线沿线的文化体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">验性。③挖掘、恢复沿线传统历史景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">形象的标志性符号，通过复兴南北大街</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">沿线部分古井、古渠遗迹，以恢复“清</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">泉婉转半边流”的历史盛景。④激活古</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城城墙历史遗迹廊道，以构筑连续原真</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的景观风貌为目的，对断裂的城墙进行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">原技术、原风貌、原位置的链接与修复，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对体现城墙防御功能的碉楼、瓮城以及</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实现城墙穿越功能的城门等节点型景观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">斑块进行复建及修补(图8)。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="1.4307304785894206" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBuTX3CbKIrG2e5dtjFfaR4orun8YHaGrsqxTVJ3LxPSwmPHGHEU8wp2Q/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="397" style=""  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其次，针对榆林古城具有特殊历史<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">符号意义的传统特色街巷的修补，主要</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">结合其历史特色，寻求标识性空间节点，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行叙事性路径重构。例如，以名人</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">命名的传统特色街巷廊道，寻求名人轶</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">事的发生地点，以雕塑群、景墙等形式</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行故事植入，以增加文化体验性；以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生产商贸命名的传统特色街巷，增设生</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产商贸体验空间，重塑沿线空间的商贸</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化氛围；以文物古迹等文化景观现象</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">命名的传统特色街巷，挖掘对应遗址位</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">置，进行空间标识植入，恢复古城文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">意象，增强古城文化辨识度。</span><br  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.斑块复兴，内外兼修</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过城市文化景观分区优化和廊道<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">织补，以分区置换和线性联合的方式增</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">补不同类型的文化景观斑块，并通过绿</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">斑植入的方式提升生态类文化景观在总</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体文化景观格局中的优势。在此基础上，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进一步针对日渐式微的传统文化景观进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行重点修补，采用斑块复兴与强化的手</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">段，实现斑块修补的“外在修形”与“内</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在提质”。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">斑块植入以“外在修形”为主，即<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">复兴重要传统文化节点及进行整体文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观标识管控。通过挖掘城市潜在的传</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">统文化景观内涵，对城市历史遗产进行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">抢救与保护，如针对榆阳书院、文庙、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文昌阁、旷如园等对城市具有重要意义</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的传统文化景观斑块进行原位置、创新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">功能性复兴修补(图9)；对已经消失的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">传统文化景观遗迹，则进行节点纪念空</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间的标识修补，以寻求复兴城市历史记</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">忆的途径，增加城市文化内涵(图10)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.4352332" data-w="386" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBuPXZR7MtRAbqcZsbK5GzV7BXGZPJIqxjm97T7g9vNpNeicJBfck5ytog/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.4493506" data-w="385" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBuWdgUTC1RwAOywPu2RnujwaniaGiazc6HXdibYGY8g91ZpQq4IBiatJr9icQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">斑块强化以“内在提质”为主，即<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对于现状不利于塑造城市整体意象的文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化景观，在传承历史文化的前提下，进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行文化景观斑块特色的进一步完善与修</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">复。一方面，强化“东寺寒雪”“寒泉冬燕”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">等“八景”景观，延续普惠寺“清泉源</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">流”的悠远盛景；另一方面，对于现存</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重要历史节点周边区域( 如凯歌楼、戴兴</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">寺等)，通过划定保护区范围，控制保护</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区内的建筑高度、风格、色彩等，进行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观整体风貌的管控式改善(图11)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.4260204" data-w="392" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgxnvOicbJLJib8ibECoTAjjBuwibjG0hTHQdFfibJFFAUgIChU0iaPAPq4OKhiay3jWqouyGOYQwbFTicKJA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/O5iccsNNMPbNIfjlCqiabRuoRg5nMVTmAzYeFtbeZZxb33VLEqyRf6LvA8VpEY2WUcHNnlJ6UA2GA9mWFbUvnZ0A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;padding: 0px 8px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">六 结语</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 40px 0% 30px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(160, 160, 160) 0px 0px 4px;padding: 10px 15px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 4px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">景观指数分析方法在榆林古城城市文化景观修补的实践表明，根据城市文化景观格局“域面—廊道—斑块”的系统结构，有针对性地选择适宜的景观指数作为解析城市文化景观格局特征的依据，并充分考虑与不同层面景观格局结构相对应的景观指数所蕴含的景观生态含义，进一步结合景观指数揭示城市文化景观格局的存在问题及动因，由此提出城市文化景观格局的修补策略，对“城市双修”工作的具体实施有重要的指导意义。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文所提出的思路与方法不仅适用于文化景观格局的修补及优化，还对于城市文化景观的保护与利用有积极的启发意义。通过不同年份景观指数的演变分析，探寻城市文化景观的动态时空过程，构建文化景观空间的生成逻辑，从文化景观生态安全评价着手进行城市文化景观的价值保护和空间营建，是后续研究有待突破的重要方向。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/O5iccsNNMPbNIfjlCqiabRuoRg5nMVTmAzYeFtbeZZxb33VLEqyRf6LvA8VpEY2WUcHNnlJ6UA2GA9mWFbUvnZ0A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  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style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 5px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: white;padding: 10px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2020年03期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong>景观指数化视角下的榆林古城文化景观特征解析及格局修补<strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;">》</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 24px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;"><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;"> <section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section 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0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(197, 36, 36);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社                                    </p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 2px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮编：530029</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">电话：0771-2438012</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">传真：0771-2436269</p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px 10px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 61.8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">精</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">彩</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(67, 103, 117);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">请猛戳右边二维码</strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 38.2%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公众号ID</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="430" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhGl97cZnbBhCxZYf8oSYCygW26QTmoSmf7NUC52ibunaCqUowruq9CJc3SMI9PQIMwmZc6ia2BtaBA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section>
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