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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 1px) rotateX(180deg) rotateY(180deg);display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 10px 0% -10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 18px;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(132, 198, 255);line-height: 0;border-right-color: rgb(82, 175, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;align-self: flex-end;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;background-image: linear-gradient(0deg, rgb(128, 218, 253) 0%, rgba(189, 232, 255, 0) 100%);line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(128, 218, 253, 0) 0%, rgb(128, 218, 253) 20px, rgb(123, 154, 255) 70%, rgba(123, 154, 255, 0) 100%);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 18px;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-right-color: rgb(82, 175, 255);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;margin-top: 2px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 7px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgb(34, 163, 254) 0%, rgb(189, 232, 255) 100%);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;background-image: linear-gradient(rgb(128, 218, 253) 0%, rgba(189, 232, 255, 0) 100%);line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 15px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(55, 55, 74);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;padding-right: 25px;padding-left: 25px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">2019年12月7日，在湖南益阳召开的“空间规划改革背景下的”学术研讨会暨中国城市规划学会学术委员会2019年会上，特邀了北京大学城市与区域规划系赵鹏军教授做主旨报告。</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: -10px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 18px;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(132, 198, 255);line-height: 0;border-right-color: rgb(82, 175, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;align-self: flex-end;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;background-image: linear-gradient(0deg, rgb(128, 218, 253) 0%, rgba(189, 232, 255, 0) 100%);line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(128, 218, 253, 0) 0%, rgb(128, 218, 253) 20px, rgb(123, 154, 255) 70%, rgba(123, 154, 255, 0) 100%);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 18px;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-right-color: rgb(82, 175, 255);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;justify-content: flex-end;margin-top: 2px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 7px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgb(34, 163, 254) 0%, rgb(189, 232, 255) 100%);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;background-image: linear-gradient(rgb(128, 218, 253) 0%, rgba(189, 232, 255, 0) 100%);line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 1px;height: 15px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;line-height: 0;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 2px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(159, 186, 253, 0) 0%, rgb(159, 186, 253) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 1 1 0%;height: auto;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 3px;height: 16px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(157, 187, 254);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(78, 77, 142);line-height: 1.1;letter-spacing: 1.8px;padding-right: 7px;padding-left: 7px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">中国小城镇的生活生产特征</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">及其空间机制</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 1 1 0%;height: auto;align-self: center;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 3px;height: 16px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(157, 187, 254);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: 2px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgba(159, 186, 253, 0) 0%, rgb(159, 186, 253) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 80px;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 3em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 3em;height: 3em;padding: 10px;border-radius: 100%;border-width: 2px;border-style: dotted;border-color: rgb(78, 77, 142);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;margin: auto;width: 100%;height: 100%;border-radius: 100%;background-position: 61.0063% 47.059%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 173.611%;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ5fB9CMxAHiaUMcWnm21zlGbmuPe94o2FNbKREu02icDicor39BNbgKPlA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6666667" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ5fB9CMxAHiaUMcWnm21zlGbmuPe94o2FNbKREu02icDicor39BNbgKPlA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">赵鹏军 </strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">学委会委员，</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">北京大学城市与区域规划系教授、博导，</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">国家杰出青年科学基金获得者</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgba(157, 187, 254, 0.87) 0px 0px 8px;height: auto;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="opacity: 0.51;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: -10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat-x;background-size: auto 100%;background-attachment: scroll;line-height: 0;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQVj9y2mHUNAbubUvFcJM1bcLKML73QKol4WsXt3YLSFsicXfiaxpu8hvw/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 10px;height: 10px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(98, 116, 156);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">赵鹏军教授的报告由四部分构成：第一部分是对乡镇国土空间规划体系的理解，第二部分是小城镇的生活空间，第三部分是小城镇的生产空间，第四部分是小城镇的生活与生产空间的相互作用及其联系。</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -10px 0% -20px;opacity: 0.36;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 140px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQHoE3dMhfylNfEOurB7VQb8VmArUTWAL5y4MnvKdpvKa9WlicG745EKw/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(121, 121, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 0px;margin: auto;border-top: 9px solid rgb(121, 121, 121);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-left: 9px solid transparent !important;border-right: 9px solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;border-top: 9px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-left: 9px solid transparent !important;border-right: 9px solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -6px;width: 0px;border-right: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-left: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-right: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(94, 102, 173);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 1px 6px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一、对乡镇国土空间规划体系的理解</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-left: auto;margin-top: -6px;width: 0px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-right: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(117, 129, 180, 0);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 2px 2px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">国土空间规划与小城镇发展</strong></p><p style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">首先，小城镇在国家“三农”发展、生态环境保护、社会稳定繁荣、文化弘扬和文脉传承等关键领域中扮演着重要的角色。乡镇国土空间规划是整个国家空间规划体系的“基石”，是<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">不同层级国土空间规划实施的传导“末端”</strong></span>。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">其次，对于小城镇国土空间规划，要考虑小城镇发展的“三结合”与综合性。《国家新型城镇化规划（2014－2020年）》提出：</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">① <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">近市镇的“三结合”</span></strong>：推动小城镇发展与疏解大城市中心城区功能相结合、与特色产业发展相结合、与服务“三农”相结合，不能就“镇”论“镇”，要从区域协同发展的高度认识，既要服务城市，也要服务“三农”，以服务农民生活、服务农业生产、服务农村发展为基础功能定位。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">② <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">远市镇的综合性</span></strong>：远离中心城市的小城镇，要完善基础设施和公共服务，提升基本公共服务功能，成为带动乡村发展的综合性服务中心地。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴规划</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">从乡村振兴规划的角度来看，乡镇国土空间规划要重点关注的是<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">以乡镇政府驻地为中心，建立“农民生活圈”，以镇带村、以村促镇，推动镇村联动发展</strong></span>。切实从乡镇居民的生活需求出发，在提升农村生活品质方面要结合农民生产生活半径，合理确定县域村庄布局、规模和功能。避免以城市生活圈的模式和标准去界定农民生活圈，要遵循农村生活、农业生产、农村地域等特征，因“农”制宜。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡镇国土空间规划的基本内容</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">立目标</span></strong>：统筹经济社会发展、乡镇建设、乡村发展、农业生产、生态保护等。规划传导上衔接落实上级国土空间总体规划下达的各项指标，明确主要发展指标和空间管控指标，并分解下达各乡镇、村和社区相关约束性指标。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">定格局</span></strong>：国土空间整体格局（保护、开发利用、修复、治理总体格局）</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> =生态空间布局+生产空间布局+生活空间布局</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"> =保护空间+发展建设空间。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">管用途</span></strong>：土地用途区划+土地用途分类+用途转换规则。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">划控线</span></strong>：生态保护红线+永久基本农田边界+城镇开发边界。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">落专项</span></strong>：生态保护与土地整治+乡镇发展与建设+支撑系统。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">在乡镇国土空间规划中要安排好“发展”内容。</span></strong>我国新时代国土空间规划具有很强的实施“生态文明”建设色彩，规划编制过程中以“保护”为核心。但是“发展”内容也同样重要，我国仍然是发展中国家，发展仍然是大主题，这一点在乡村地区尤为突出，乡镇国土空间规划的内容安排首先要基于这个客观现实。乡镇规划内容要给予“发展”重彩浓墨，不要为了保护而“伤”发展，做好经济发展策略、产业发展布局、社会发展计划。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">国土空间规划的理论逻辑</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">国土空间规划不仅仅是规划国土，从地域体系角度来看，乡镇国土空间规划可以看作是对乡村地域系统进行优化调控的政策干预过程。干预分为两个过程：一个是<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">对要素的干预过程</strong></span>，一个是<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">对活动的干预过程</strong></span>。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">当前我国的乡镇国土空间规划侧重在要素干预，尤其是以土地、资源、环境、设施建设等实体物理要素为主，通过规划手段对乡镇要素的功能、结构、形态及关联进行调控，达到规划目标。但是，对于活动干预关注不足，例如居民生活和文化活动、企业生产活动等。而恰恰是“活动”应该成为空间规划的“硬核”，农民美好生活、充满活力的生产、和谐融洽乡邻关系是乡镇国土空间规划的终极目标。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 75px;height: 3px;float: left;background-color: rgb(162, 204, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="border-width: 0px;border-style: solid none none;border-color: rgb(162, 204, 239);padding-top: 10px;padding-bottom: 10px;border-radius: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8155136" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQBnLfUwGW6wdHWYbqq581VzoHzClRu4UYNsUAeWQQkTyYp9PAn0CBDA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="954" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section><section style="width: 75px;height: 3px;margin-top: -3px;margin-left: auto;background-color: rgb(162, 204, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">人地关系地域系统的复杂过程与优化调控</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 3px;padding-left: 3px;text-align: center;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 2.6em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(-45deg);margin-top: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2em;height: 2em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;border-left: 0.2em solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-bottom: 0.2em solid rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -6px;width: 0px;border-right: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-left: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-right: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(94, 102, 173);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 1px 6px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二、小城镇的生活空间：半城半乡的生活圈</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-left: auto;margin-top: -6px;width: 0px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-right: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(117, 129, 180, 0);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 2px 2px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">日常活动、消费活动</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">接下来，赵教授结合他所参与的国家住建部全国小城镇调查工作，分析小城镇的生活和生产空间特征，希望对乡镇国土空间规划有所启示。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">在小城镇中，居民最多的日常活动是<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">日常购物</strong></span>，日常购物活动除了满足购买物品之外，更多的是一种社会交往功能，在购物场所或者往返购物的路上同乡邻打招呼，这一点从购物出行距离短、时间长、出行经停地多等方面可以看出。接下来是<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">邻居串门</strong></span>，第三是<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">赶集</strong></span>，第四是<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">上下班</strong></span>（即城市里面最关注的通勤）。赶集活动是小城镇的“本性”之一，是小城镇生命力的关键体现。从上述活动内容及其排序可以看出，小城镇生活活动有着其特殊性，同城市存在显著差异<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 20px 0px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgb(182, 182, 182);overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);padding: 5px;box-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px inset;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-position: 20.354% -20.2128%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 126.841%;background-attachment: scroll;padding: 5px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ3aicwlW0mDiblmDsb1JJwfxrqeGRpc7U68Qtv62pvCHIvpDh7lyeol8A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5185185" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQKFLUMxFWLuLlibMNCWDiaSIZvibIM0iaJCdziaibm06ZjicyXwBptW99vgWIQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">同全国城镇的总体平均水平相比，小城镇的食物、居住和衣着消费基本上区别不大。<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">最大的区别是</strong></span><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">娱乐</strong></span>，小城镇居民的日常娱乐消费只占到其总消费的1.5%，而全国城镇居民平均娱乐消费占了其总消费的12.2%。这也从侧面反映了乡镇娱乐设施及其空间的供给不足。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">根据马斯洛的需求层次理论，人的行为活动决定于主导需求，<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">娱乐活动体现了居民的基本生理需求和社会需求</strong></span>，乡镇国土空间规划应该给予充分关注。</p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-bottom-left-radius: 20px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgb(182, 182, 182);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);border-top-right-radius: 20px;padding: 5px;box-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px inset;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 2px;border-bottom-left-radius: 20px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-position: 20.354% -20.2128%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 126.841%;background-attachment: scroll;border-top-right-radius: 20px;padding: 5px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ3aicwlW0mDiblmDsb1JJwfxrqeGRpc7U68Qtv62pvCHIvpDh7lyeol8A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-left: 0px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-left-radius: 20px;overflow: hidden;border-right: 0px none rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5157407" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQa8BOu57nrOl3xslzTNAVtmD4tdGey7ErLxRZaL0wFmLGujd4HFcaxw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">就业活动的“自由式”特征</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">从就业活动来看，小城镇大多居民的就业是<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“自由式”</strong></span>的，不像城市居民那样，早出晚归、朝九晚五，而是灵活就业，没有固定开始和终结时间，且就业移动性强、更换频率高。这些就业大多来自非正式经济部门，例如临时打工机会、街头摊贩等。非正式性是乡镇社会经济的特征之一，也是保持乡镇活力和经济韧性的关键机制之一。乡镇国土空间规划中应该避免“一刀切”，过于“正规化”，<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">给这些“非正式”活动留有一定空间，注重国土空间的包容性和“柔”性</strong></span>。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">外出就餐、休闲娱乐、儿童活动等</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇中48%的人基本不外出就餐。这一点应该在小城镇空间规划中受到关注，尤其是在商业街巷的规划布局上，应该事先充分调研餐饮消费需求，避免餐饮空间供给过剩，造成空街空巷、空间活力不足现象。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">实际上，从我们的调查数据来看，小城镇主要的休闲娱乐活动以<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">看电视、玩手机、上网、遛弯等为主，方式较为单一</strong></span>。公园、小广场是最受居民喜爱的休闲场所，在所有休闲场所选择中，比例高达68%。可以看出，乡镇公园、小广场在居民生活品质中的重要性。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇儿童的课后活动以看电视为主，有66%的儿童在其课后活动主要类型中选择了看电视，有36.3%的儿童在其课后活动主要类型中选择了玩手机、上网，这些值得担忧。值得注意的是，有29%的儿童在其课后活动主要类型中选择了街头玩耍，<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">街巷空间对于小城镇儿童来说，不仅仅是交通功能，而且是重要的日常活动空间</strong></span>。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">在小城镇空间规划中，要注重街巷空间的儿童友好型设计，增强街巷空间对儿童活动的吸引力。在当前我国城镇化背景下，乡镇留守儿童较多，如何通过空间规划设计为儿童提供舒适安全的活动场所、提高儿童生活品质，是一个不可忽视的现实问题<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 20px 0px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgb(182, 182, 182);overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);padding: 5px;box-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px inset;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-position: 20.354% -20.2128%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 126.841%;background-attachment: scroll;padding: 5px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ3aicwlW0mDiblmDsb1JJwfxrqeGRpc7U68Qtv62pvCHIvpDh7lyeol8A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6083333" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQtdqngjyoa5bBOJD40aZJAAm7kk9j4PCSoIdVpg4HhtSo7ZHKD2FCHQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 3px;padding-left: 3px;text-align: center;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 2.6em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(-45deg);margin-top: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2em;height: 2em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;border-left: 0.2em solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-bottom: 0.2em solid rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -6px;width: 0px;border-right: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-left: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-right: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(94, 102, 173);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 1px 6px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三、小城镇的生产空间：外托内融的生产体</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-left: auto;margin-top: -6px;width: 0px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-right: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(117, 129, 180, 0);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 2px 2px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">农业：生产生活空间的融合</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">农业仍然是小城镇的基础。</strong></span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">住在小城镇上的人口中，有70%的人仍然是农村户口。农业对小城镇经济的贡献达到了 32%，种植销售农产品和农副产品加工的企业分别占小城镇企业数量的 20% 和 6.3%，对就业人口的吸纳超过了 33%。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">调查中发现农业生产和生活在空间上是高度融合的，例如农业活动既是农民的生产活动，也是农村生活活动，有一部分农民在收入有保障的情况下，还是愿意从事一些农业活动。存在庭院作业、庭院经济等生活和生产空间高度融合模式。很多情况下，庭院既是小工厂，也是“菜篮子”。在乡镇的生产空间规划过程中，应该<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">注重“多产融合”、“多业并举”</strong></span>，对于像城市那样搞大规模功能分区的规划原则需要慎用<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">企业活动特征</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从企业类型来看，小城镇的企业主要是依靠本地资源、小规模、初加工的制造业和农林牧渔业。市场在外，原料和劳动力在内。小城镇企业生产原料一半以上来自于本县、本镇，特别是矿产、农副产品加工、建材加工等企业<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">依托本地资源</strong></span>的特征更为突出。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">用地空间约束</strong></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">是目前小城镇企业迁移的主要原因之一。调查发现，超过50%的工业企业要搬离小城镇的原因是规模扩张受到限制、用地指标不够。为什么？因为大多数小城镇的企业不像城市企业是资本密集型或者技术密集型产业，大多是以地方原料、廉价劳动力和低土地地租等投入为主的资源密集型产业，这类企业单位面积土地产值低，生产过程中需要一定规模的土地空间。如果土地指标管得太死，不给它土地，它没办法存活，就要搬走。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在乡镇国土空间规划中，既要注意集约节约用地，更要积极探索培育新的用地节约型产业和生产技术。同时，也要认识到发展的历史性和阶段性，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">从保障就业、农民创收、维护社会稳定的角度，在小城镇工业企业用地上给予“保底”考虑</strong></span>，切勿“大刀阔斧”、教条主义划定“三区三线”和安排土地管控指标</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;padding: 5px;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 57.2082%;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(102, 153, 153);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(123, 172, 163) 0px 0px 5px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQyrqOpKXjwmr2JKq5tMsiasickjsWLrfiaK17FmJZP8nmVDs760xOTZicJg/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(173, 173, 173) 0px 0px 3px inset;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;width: 100%;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5268519" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ2601ibldzbz1bNdmdHavibvk6UTVDD9ubbnrpoSlOu4dP30NVQWsADkA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">商业活动特征：生活和商业的融合</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">从商业活动特征来看，店铺顾客80%为镇区及周边农村的居民，说明小城镇作为商品交易的功能性很强。同时，<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">商业空间在生活和商业服务业上具有高度的融合特征</strong></span>，例如很多店铺是底商上住、商住混合，这些特征应该在乡镇集中建设区的指标界定中予以充分考虑。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 3px;padding-left: 3px;text-align: center;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 2.6em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(-45deg);margin-top: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2em;height: 2em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;border-left: 0.2em solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-bottom: 0.2em solid rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -6px;width: 0px;border-right: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-left: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-right: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(94, 102, 173);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 1px 6px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四、生活生产空间的相互作用：联系</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-left: auto;margin-top: -6px;width: 0px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-right: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(117, 129, 180, 0);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 2px 2px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡镇国土空间规划不仅仅是定线、划区、算数，而且还要关注跨区线之间的交流活动，因为建筑间、地块间、地区间、区域间等不同空间尺度存在能源、信息、技术、货物、人员等流动，这些流动是地域空间相互作用的客观结果，是现实存在的。<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">在乡镇国土空间规划中，要注重不同生活和生产要素在空间上交互过程，遵循地域系统性规律。</strong></span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">亲属联系：“年轻人在城里，老人在村里”</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">我国小城镇人口迁移的不彻底及其形成的周期性交通流是我国乡镇社会联系的重要特征之一。</strong></span>小城镇居民的家庭城镇化呈现独特特征。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">住在小城镇上的居民，他们的非同住近亲中，有26.7%仍然在本镇所辖的村里，有11.6%在本镇所属的县城里。尤其是超过60岁的非同住近亲中，47.6%居住在本镇所辖的村里。而小于40岁的非同住近亲，33%在本镇所属的县城，24%在本镇所属的地级市。这种家庭城镇化特征决定了我国乡镇居民的周期性强流动特征——节假日期间乡镇人口流动显著。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">同时，从流动的空间联系来看，<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇的“村-县”亲属联系超过了“村-镇”亲属联系</strong></span>。这对乡镇公共服务设施供给和交通规划带来了新的挑战。</p></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(108, 178, 32, 0.07);border-style: solid none;border-width: 1px 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-bottom-color: rgb(172, 210, 135);border-top-color: rgb(172, 210, 135);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -14px 0% -4px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(172, 210, 135);box-sizing: border-box;">右图：村民去镇上探亲</span></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: 10px 0% -10px;justify-content: flex-end;transform: translate3d(-3px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(172, 210, 135);box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6666667" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQRtvlJic6bKFib6lGNPBCLwRZRacAz8lw5W2PvDOdTERGXpmY7swXlPlg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="543" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;justify-content: flex-start;transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(172, 210, 135);box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6660682" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQibmK6icX4sbicJMjVdVx4ZgUcFHm32WBiaia1sHol4Zibdqobb1Y4TpW3hPA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="557" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(172, 210, 135);font-size: 12px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">左图：村民去县城探亲</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(135, 222, 214);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;text-align: center;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.6em;color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;transform: rotate(0deg);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(107, 178, 171) transparent transparent rgb(107, 178, 171);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;margin-left: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 1.6em;line-height: 1.7em;background-color: rgb(240, 240, 240);font-size: 15px;text-align: center;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;">出行范围和方式</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(240, 240, 240);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.8em solid transparent !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">从调查数据来看，小城镇居民的出行活动存在“20分钟生活圈”，也就是说绝大多数出行活动都是在20分钟之内。例如，小城镇居民20分钟出行圈范围内，集中分布了他们71%的娱乐活动、70%的邻里串门、68%的务农活动、79%的日常购物、77%的上下学和76%的上下班活动。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">乡镇国土空间规划在就业和服务设施布局上应该<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">以打造“20分钟生活圈”为主</strong></span>，而不是采用目前大多数城市的15分钟生活圈。</p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;padding: 5px;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 57.2082%;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(102, 153, 153);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(123, 172, 163) 0px 0px 5px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQyrqOpKXjwmr2JKq5tMsiasickjsWLrfiaK17FmJZP8nmVDs760xOTZicJg/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(173, 173, 173) 0px 0px 3px inset;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;width: 100%;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8646617" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQZ9UhRRu0FQNhOU0VdelDEPrCqXXiaNPuuOzcO851yBP9csY4CV36q4w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="665" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇居民20分钟生活圈</span></strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇居民20分钟生活圈的形成受到诸多因素影响，其中，交通工具是关键要素之一。摩托车、电动自行车是小城镇居民出行的主要交通工具，其中有37%的人以摩托车为主（以30km/h速度计，20分钟约10km范围），30%的人以电动自行车为主（约5km范围）。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">值得注意的是，有20%的人以小汽车为主（约20km范围）。近年来，乡村地区的机动化水平有上涨趋势，<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">小汽车拥有率在上升</strong></span>，这意味着小城镇居民的出行范围将会加大，镇和县的联系将会增强。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">这为乡镇国土空间规划提出了新命题：将会有更多的人前往县城享受公共服务，那么镇需要布局什么样的公共服务设施？需要布局多少？这个命题是乡镇国土空间规划亟待回答的关键问题之一，尤其在当前村村通公路、农村交通设施不断改善的背景下，<span style="color: rgb(34, 54, 93);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">传统的乡镇规划需要从地域体系、区域活动流的角度进行创新，不能就“镇”论“镇”</strong></span>。</p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;padding: 5px;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 57.2082%;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(102, 153, 153);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(123, 172, 163) 0px 0px 5px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQyrqOpKXjwmr2JKq5tMsiasickjsWLrfiaK17FmJZP8nmVDs760xOTZicJg/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(173, 173, 173) 0px 0px 3px inset;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;width: 100%;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3453704" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ8KCgppx4XVXiamkby3OVuf7JLZib1JJ5CibTf2EYbtC7ickA37wSDd54eA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 3px;padding-left: 3px;text-align: center;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 2.6em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(-45deg);margin-top: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2em;height: 2em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;border-left: 0.2em solid rgb(95, 156, 239);border-bottom: 0.2em solid rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -6px;width: 0px;border-right: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-top: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-left: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-right: 6px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-bottom-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left-color: rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(94, 102, 173);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 1px 6px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">小    结</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-left: auto;margin-top: -6px;width: 0px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);border-left: 3px solid rgb(140, 176, 232);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;border-right: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(117, 129, 180, 0);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(204, 204, 204) 2px 2px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 46.5212%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/gKGAjSvjgDjmPIQPBCUTM8HMrZvATKZQ0uhp0DThg4ibBlo3TBxbsEjMbXgtnVuib8UHqMjWNgic2RV6ryZOD0N0g/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(81, 83, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1、新时代国土空间规划体系中，乡镇国土空间规划内容要“要素干预”和“活动干预”并重，居民生活和企业生产活动是乡镇空间的“硬核”，要基于活动引导而布局要素，而不是基于要素划区划线而“圈定”活动。</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2、“以人为本”规划乡镇国土空间，首先要 “以活动为本”，遵循农民和城镇居民的生活活动特征，按照乡镇生产活动的基本规律，关注乡镇的非正式经济活动，在刚性规划中有“柔性”，留下包容发展的场所，从注重实体国土空间，向实体空间、“行为活动空间”、“流空间”、“社会空间” 同抓并举。</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3、建设乡镇20分钟生活圈，合理安排公共服务设施和生产布局，提升乡镇居民的生活舒适感和便捷度。</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4、注重乡镇生活和生产空间的联系，遵循小城镇生活生产活动高度融合的基本特征，避免国土空间定线、划区和算数过程中的“一刀切”，在刚性规划中也应有弹性，乡镇国土空间的弹性空间要从地域系统来考虑。随着农村小汽车和交通设施的改善，传统的村—镇—县等体系结构正在发生变化，村与县、镇与市的联系将会加强，小城镇的功能定位、对外社会联系、公共服务设施布局等都需作出新的应对。</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;">（本文由学委会秘书处根据报告录音进行整理，已经报告人审核。）</p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: 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