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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;overflow: hidden;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 4em;height: 4em;border-top-left-radius: 50%;border-top-right-radius: 50%;border-bottom-right-radius: 50%;border-bottom-left-radius: 50%;background-size: cover;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mg4On4HfefQ1mg2rIAuuDZFAicUMHKQ7pD19w7rGKe07ZdVSQSoybzstaCuAoAwzvaHEWAkpTfjL2w/640?wx_fmt=png");overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"> <img data-ratio="0.9409091" data-w="220" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mg4On4HfefQ1mg2rIAuuDZFAicUMHKQ7pD19w7rGKe07ZdVSQSoybzstaCuAoAwzvaHEWAkpTfjL2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-left: 1.2em;margin-top: -1.2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;white-space: nowrap;overflow: hidden;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 2em;margin-left: 1em;border-bottom-left-radius: 1em;border-left-width: 1px;border-left-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom-width: 1px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 85% !important;"><section style="margin-left: 1.5em;line-height: 1.5;padding-right: 0.5em;font-size: 11px;color: rgb(56, 30, 5);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">点击蓝字关注公众号</p></section></section><section style="float: left;width: 5%;margin-left: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;margin-top: 1.82em;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;padding: 3px 0px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(224, 224, 224);border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(224, 224, 224);border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">【专题讨论15】</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">临时性到常备化：突发公共卫生事件下救治设施空间规划供给研究</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(218, 107, 107);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(56, 30, 5);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者南京大学建筑与城市规划学院博士研究生、华蓝设计( 集团) 有限公司副总经理欧阳东，南京大学建筑与城市规划学院教授、博士生导师朱喜钢，华蓝设计( 集团) 有限公司建筑二院副院长曹剑，华蓝设计( 集团) 有限公司建筑五所所长助理王雨，华蓝设计( 集团) 有限公司副总工程师、桂林电子科技大学硕士生导师万千在《规划师》2020年第5期撰文，新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对人类健康安全、经济发展和社会稳定造成了巨大的威胁。为应对疫情，我国很多城市建设了临时性的应急救治设施。文章从广西龙潭医院临时全负压病区建设面临的问题出发，分析了空间规划供给不足导致城市在应对突发公共卫生事件中的被动性，认为临时应急救治设施应当向常备化转变。从空间规划内容的角度，提出将突发公共卫生事件的救治设施分为永久专用救治设施、临时专用救治设施和临时借用救治设施3 类，实现多元设施的复合式常备化供给；要以区域观来构建不同层级的区域防疫救治设施联动体系；提出要将突发公共卫生事件救治设施纳入空间规划体系，并在省级、市级、县级国土空间规划、控制性详细规划中进行有效传导与落实。</p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;height: 5px;background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgb(150, 46, 46), rgba(255, 247, 234, 0));background-color: white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]突发公共卫生事件；救治设施；空间规划；常备化</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文章编号]1006-0022(2020)05-0099-04</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[中图分类号]TU984.199　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文献标识码]B</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[引文格式]欧阳东，朱喜钢，曹剑，等．临时性到常备化：突发公共卫生事件下救治设施空间规划供给研究[J]．规划师，2020(5)：99-102，112．</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/HT7icVctSugotfSC1RymeIyP0mg8gyyhW3rBqsjA1TGGrBVYnKIxgnMFvosibAClg1mljyey7xlUMAWa6zTAhhgA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">应对突发公共卫生事件的空间</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划理论与实践</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公共卫生事关国家整体安全，古罗<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">马为保障市民健康、维护城邦生活环境，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在水道、排污、丧葬等城邦日常公共卫</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生管理领域进行了大量立法实践和建设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">引导，高度发达的水道系统是罗马城最</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为重要的公共设施，对罗马城健康有序</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发展做出了重要贡献。这表明早在公</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">元前人类已经意识到城市环境卫生设施</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对防控传染病的意义并付诸了行动。在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">19世纪前期英国城镇快速扩张，但由于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">缺乏城市规划，城市缺乏必要供排水设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">施，居住区拥挤、潮湿和缺乏采光通风，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">导致传染病肆虐横行。1831～1867 年，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">英国就爆发了3次大规模的霍乱，英国</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">议会于1848 年通过了《公共卫生法案》，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为英国全国规模的公共卫生管理设立了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">形式规范。部分学者亦将这一法案视</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为现代城市规划的重要起源。我国在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">1989年通过了《中华人民共和国传染病</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">防治法》，随后在2004年、2013年进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行了两次修订，在涉及空间规划方面主</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要包括了对地方各级人民政府建设和改</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">造公共卫生设施、完善传染病医疗救治</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务网络建设等方面的要求，期间还在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2006年颁布的《国家突发公共卫生事件</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">应急预案》中进行了细化的安排。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在SARS 疫情之后，国内有不少学</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">者开始反思我国在突发公共卫生事件应</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">急处理中的问题，并提出建设公共卫生</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">防御系统的系列建议。王坤等人认为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">我国公共卫生体系存在发展滞后、缺乏</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">顶层设计、重治轻防观念突出及财政投</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">入的总量、结构和方式不适应等问题；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">但就体系建设方面，已有研究多侧重于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">监测系统、应急队伍建设、应急储备、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">信息公开系统、公众危机意识和能力培</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">养等方面，而对应急医疗救治设施体系</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的研究较少。在空间规划领域，段</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进等人就SARS 病毒的防治反思了城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划建设中存在的误区，并提出城市形</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">态优化的相关建议；而近年则有更多</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的学者倡导“健康城市”、“韧性城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市”理念及“通风廊道”等举措，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">认为健康的城市不仅仅需要医学技术的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发展，还需要对城市公共环境加以改造，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以营造更多的公园绿地等开放空间，以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">促进居民健康。需要看到，这些举措从</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时空维度看是长效性的和宏观性的，其</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与重大突发公共卫生事件要求在短时间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">内提供救治保障的应急性和具体性有一</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">定的矛盾。在城市规划实践中，已有城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市总规和控规，甚至医疗卫生设施专项</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划对传染病类医疗设施，尤其是重大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">突发公共卫生事件救治设施的安排是不</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">足甚至缺失的。因此，面向重大突</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发公共卫生事件的救治设施，需要作为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">相对独立的体系加以研究和规划考量。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/HT7icVctSugotfSC1RymeIyP0mg8gyyhW3rBqsjA1TGGrBVYnKIxgnMFvosibAClg1mljyey7xlUMAWa6zTAhhgA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">基于广西龙潭医院临时全负压</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">病区建设的思考</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新型冠状病毒肺炎传染性强、传播<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">范围广，通过负压病房、负压病区甚至</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">全负压医院的建设可以最大限度减少病</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">毒对外部环境的影响，也能更好地降低</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">医务人员的交叉感染风险。疫情发生后，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广西通过新建或改造8个负压病房和病</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区，增加了1152个负压病床。广西龙</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">潭医院临时全负压病区就是其中之一，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其位于广西柳州市区南部龙潭公园旁，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是在医院原有空地上新辟而成的。项目</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">占地面积约为6700m2，总建筑面积为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">3997m2，为单层临时医疗建筑，建筑功</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能由含100 病床的负压病房区、医务人</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">员宿舍及办公区3个单元组成(图1，图2)。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">项目从决策建设到交付使用仅用时22天。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="1.0960698689956332" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miaNOUa9Xq3nCFJU3O7icteoibTfyCEsn3mYYLSVVwZT8GuBibUeM1JbgkwcXJhg6YwkWCGnrSpj7aoog/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="458" style=""  /></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="1.3056234718826405" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miaNOUa9Xq3nCFJU3O7icteoibyjLarWdOtXQpjBHpia3sMP8zAibClRDgx9ZJ6xb7kzZJLuiaOGDNToWiag/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="409" style=""  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">为尽快收治病患，该项目由常规9</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">个月的工期缩短为15 天，但也由此留下</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">一些环境影响、质量安全等隐患，其在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">决策、规划、设计和建设过程中面临的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">问题值得在应对突发公共卫生事件的空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">间规划中加以反思。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划缺失导致区域应急救治设施</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">布点的被动性</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">广西龙潭医院临时全负压病区作为<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">一个省级病患集中收治点，其定位、选</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">址及规模等是在省级行政性会议上决策</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的。全广西范围内的负压病区布点主要</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">依据是各市县的疫情态势、医疗资源基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">础等，并没有相应的空间规划作为直接</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">依据。鉴于疫情的时空不确定性，在缺</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乏规划的应急场景中，通过集体讨论进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行决策通常是最为高效的，但这种“病</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区建设跟着疫情走”也存在一些被动性，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">如都安瑶族自治县由于是广西疫情相对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高发县份，决策中将其刚竣工的县中医</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">院500 床普通病区改造为全负压病区，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">但也面临县级医疗资源不匹配的问题；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">而广西龙潭医院作为广西传染病专科医</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">院，地处广西第二大城市—柳州市，医</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">疗资源相对丰富，但其设计的规模仅为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">100床。因此，从区域层面看，如何确定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">救治设施布点和规模，亟待更科学合理的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">统筹研究和规划。从具体项目布点看，龙</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">潭医院作为省级传染病专科医院，尽管在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其内部建设救治设施有利于利用原有的医</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">疗设施、医务人员等资源，但项目100m</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">范围外即有城市居住区，存在防疫风险；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">另外由于项目施工现场与医院已收治确</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">诊病人的病区相邻，大规模人员施工也</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">存在着防疫风险。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">疫情期间的资源约束性导致应急</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">救治设施建设的被动性</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">疫情期间全国均实行严格的防疫管<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">控，救治设施的建设也因此面临很多现实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">困难：一是用工紧张。不少技术人员、施</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">工人员因疫情隔离管控无法到场参建。二</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是物资紧缺。疫情期间各省市同时上马建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设同类项目，对装配式模块化病房或住人</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">集装箱等刚性物资形成集中需求，但由于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用工紧张、原材料采购难，设备厂家也无</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">法在短时间内供货，供需矛盾突出。三是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">质量隐患。由于工期过急，负压病房只经</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">过一次调试即交付使用，存在密封不达标、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">负压不能满足要求的隐患，一旦病患入住</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">将难以再次进场补救。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">资源高投入与设施低寿命的不</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">匹配性</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">临时全负压病区项目床均投资约<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">100 万元，作为专用性临时医疗建筑，尽</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管其可以在疫情过后作为其他传染病救治</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">场所，但相比普通病房，负压病房的能耗</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和运营成本更高。另外，其作为临时建筑</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在3年后应依法拆除，除部分医疗设施可</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重复利用外，其他建(构) 筑物在拆除后</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">则难以再度利用，导致资源浪费。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/HT7icVctSugotfSC1RymeIyP0mg8gyyhW3rBqsjA1TGGrBVYnKIxgnMFvosibAClg1mljyey7xlUMAWa6zTAhhgA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 突发公共卫生事件下救治设施的空间规划响应</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）以复合式常备化供给多元设施</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">面对突发公共卫生事件，常规医疗<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">机构无论是在数量上还是种类上都难以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">满足瞬时大量病患收治需求，尤其是呼</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">吸道类传染病的救治还需要负压系统予</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以安全保障。建设应急性临时救治设施</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是有效的应对措施，但也存在很多弊端。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">但如果大规模建设永久性负压医院或病</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区，则会造成闲置性浪费。因此，需要</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">结合公共卫生事件特征等对相关设施进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行复合化与常备化的规划建设或预留。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">所谓复合化就是设施的功能具有复合性，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其有两种复合方向：一是正向复合，即</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设施本身为公共卫生事件救治进行设计</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和建设，但非疫情期可兼作其他疾病救</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">治设施；二是逆向复合，即设施本身为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市其他功能需求进行设计和建设，但</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其结构与形式通过小规模改造后能满足</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">突发公共卫生事件救治功能的需求。所</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">谓常备化就是平时做好救治设施或空间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的准备，在疫情期间既有可直接提供救</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">治的设施，也有可在短时间内通过低成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本改造或新建应急救治设施的规划指定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设施或预留空间。通过复合化和常备化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">供给救治设施，可以更快速、更充分地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">满足疫情救治需求，避免或缓解“人等床”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">而延误治疗的问题，有利于稳定人们的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">情绪，帮助尽快解除疫情隔离，加快生</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产恢复。从设施使用的时效性与复合性</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">角度，将重大突发公共卫生事件的救治</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设施分为永久专用救治设施、临时专用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">救治设施和临时借用救治设施3 类。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 永久专用救治设施。依据或参<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">考《传染病医院建设标准》( 建标173—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2016)，在综合医院内以相对独立的建筑</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">单体建设全负压或部分负压的传染病病</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区；在传染病医院内建设全负压或部分</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">负压病区。这些医院或病区可以在平时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">收治肺结核、艾滋病等病患，在疫情期</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间则全部或重点收治疫情病患，实现“平</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">疫结合”。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 临时专用救治设施。主要是采用<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">装配式模块化病房建设的临时病区，如</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">武汉火神山医院、雷神山医院及广西龙</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">潭医院的临时全负压病区等。此类设施</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">应在国土空间规划中依据防疫防护要求</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">指定或预留用地，在应对疫情时可快速</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平整建设。这类用地包括城市应急疏散</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">或防疫备用地块、大型露天停车场或房</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">车营地、地势平缓的郊野公园等，其位</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">置宜在城市远离居民密集区的下风下水</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方向，且有便利的市政配套设施可供接</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">入。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 临时借用救治设施。这些设施平<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时的主要功能并非应急救治，但在疫情</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">期间可以快速改造为集中救治场所，主</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要包括有屋面的大中型体育馆、展览中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">心、宾馆及学校或工厂宿舍等。此类设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">施适合收治轻症病人，但由于缺乏负压</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设备，其在进行呼吸道类传染病救治时，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">具有交叉感染及向外传播病毒风险，需</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要严格做好防护隔离管制。体育馆、展</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">览中心的下水道在进入市政管网前宜增</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设一套防疫备用排放口，在疫情期间可</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在场地附近临时建设消杀污水处理站，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">场馆内的污水集中到消杀污水站处理后</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">再接入市政排水管网。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）以区域观构建设施联动体系</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">重大公共卫生事件对疫情重灾区城<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市的医疗系统冲击是严重甚至是颠覆性</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的，如武汉市尽管在2018年的每千常住</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">人口病床数已达到了8.6床，在全国处于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">领先水平，但在重大疫情背景下仍面临缺</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乏负压病房、专业医疗人员等问题，甚至</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在疫情前期由于缺乏负压病房等医疗设施</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">导致医务人员交叉感染而减员等问题。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">参考《传染病医院建设标准》(2008 年报</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">批稿)：传染病病床数的设置，城市按</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">照非农业人口1.2～1.5 床/万人，农村</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">按照总人口0.5 床/ 万人计算；传染病医</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">院病种比例可按呼吸道传染病40％、消</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化道传染病40％和其他类型传染病20％</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分区设置。以湖北省为例，其2018 年</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">末常住总人口为5917万，城镇化率为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">60.3％，以呼吸道传染病均配置负压病房</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">计，按此标准测算全省传染病医院拥有的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">负压病床总数为2200～2600 床。但相</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">比全省近7万的确诊病例( 截至2020年</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2月26日24时，湖北省累计报告新型冠</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">状病毒肺炎确诊病例65　596 例)，湖北省</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">内的救治设施远远不能满足需要。与此同</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时，湖北周边省份还有不同程度的救治能</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">力盈余，理论上可以进行跨省病患转移，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">但由于存在疫情扩散风险及负压式转运</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设施缺乏等原因，病患跨省转移并没有得</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">到有效推进，主要还是通过“医动患不动”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的模式，在疫情重灾区增加临时应急医院</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建设及依靠外省医疗队进入支援的方式</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行区域联动。但在疫情较轻的省份，实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行病患省内转移的做法则相对较多，如广</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">西就将河池市都安瑶族自治县的部分病</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">患转移到位于南宁市的邕武医院临时负</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">压病区进行集中救治，获得了更专业的救</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">治。因此，以区域观来统筹城市间救治设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">施、医务人员和医疗物资等资源，构建不</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">同层级的区域防疫救治设施联动体系，有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利于对病患的救治、对医务人员的保护及</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对疫情的控制。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以区域观构建救治联动体系的核心<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在于救治设施的统筹规划建设，按城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">职能等级、人口规模、人口密度与医疗</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">资源富集程度等提供救治设施。省会城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市和省域区域中心城市应当作为省域防</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">疫救治重点城市，面向全省域提供永久</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">专用救治设施，规划指定临时专用救治</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设施和临时借用救治设施或其预留用地，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">并提供应急物资储备，开展医务人员防</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">疫训练等；其他地级城市宜在城市主要</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">综合医院内按照“平疫结合”的原则设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">置100～300床独立传染病区，并增加</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">负压病床比例，另外预留可供建设100</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">床以上负压病区的临时专用救治设施用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地；县城根据条件建设完善传染病医院，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在县级主要综合医院改造或新建部分负</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">压病房，以满足疫情初期的病患收治需</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">求，并指定部分符合条件的医疗机构或</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">公共建筑作为轻症患者临时收治场所。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区域范围内救治设施资源通过信息化统</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">一调配，贯通公共卫生体系、应急救援</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体系和空间规划体系，在统筹性应急调</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度下实现救治资源的区域化联动。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以空间规划作为常备化救治设施</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建设的法理依据</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">此前由于缺乏规划指引，应急式临<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时性疫情救治设施多通过紧急决策、以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">临时建筑项目进行建设，存在上述的系</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">列问题和隐患。而空间规划“以人民为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中心”的理念具化到疫情救治设施中，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">就是要有充足的设施救治病患，有安全</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的设施保护医务人员，有合理的隔离防</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">护措施降低对居民的影响，因此需要有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">效的规划供给和设施供给。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">首先，要对涉及公共卫生事件救治</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设施的规范标准进行修订。可结合新型</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">冠状病毒肺炎疫情，修订《传染病医院</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建设标准》，增加各级城市公共卫生事</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">件救治设施的设置标准和配置要求。其</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">次，在国土空间规划中需要落实重大公</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共卫生事件救治设施的规划传导。在省</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">级国土空间规划的公共服务设施专题或</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">综合防灾专题，需要对各城市在区域救</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">治体系中的定位、救治设施建设规模及</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主要建设内容等进行研究和安排；在市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">级及县级国土空间总体规划中，应在公</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共服务设施或综合防灾篇章对永久专用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">救治设施、临时专用救治设施及临时借</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用救治设施进行具体的空间布局或说明</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">指引，并将永久专用救治设施用地与临</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时专用救治设施预留用地纳入规划强制</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性内容，在控制性详细规划中划定边界</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">红线、提供设计条件。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/HT7icVctSugotfSC1RymeIyP0mg8gyyhW3rBqsjA1TGGrBVYnKIxgnMFvosibAClg1mljyey7xlUMAWa6zTAhhgA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 8px ridge rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;padding: 8px 10px;border-left-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(238, 238, 238);padding: 0px 8px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四 结语</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 2px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 4px;transform: rotate(0deg);float: left;margin-top: -3px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-right-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-top: -2px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从SARS 疫情爆发至新型冠状病毒<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">肺炎疫情爆发的十多年间，我国空间规</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">划领域对重大突发公共卫生事件的研究</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">关注和实践虽有一些进步，仍缺乏对应</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">急救治设施和预留用地的安排，一定程</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度导致了防疫救治设施建设的被动。广</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">西龙潭医院临时全负压病区建设的案例</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">表明，应急式临时救治设施在应对重大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">突发公共卫生事件中有积极的作用，但</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">也存在选址、质量、安全等隐患问题。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;">因此，临时性应急救治设施需要转向常</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">备化，需要以区域联动的救治设施体系</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">为基础，将永久专用救治设施、临时专</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">用救治设施和临时借用救治设施纳入空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">间规划体系，从省级国土空间规划到市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">级、县级国土空间规划、控制性详细规</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">划进行有效的传导，并与公共卫生体系、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">应急救援体系衔接协调，推进救治设施</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">的落地建设，从而将空间规划“以人民</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">为中心”的理念具化到疫情救治设施中，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">及时救治病患、有效保护医务人员、降</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">低对居民的影响。新型冠状病毒肺炎疫</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">情的时空不确定性特征，也对应对重大</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">突发公共卫生事件的救治设施的设置标</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">准提出了新的修订诉求，如何确定各级</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">城市各类救治设施的形式、规模与数量</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">等标准，为国土空间规划安排此类设施</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">提供设置依据，亟待相关领域学者深入</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">研究。另外，在国土空间规划中，是将</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">重大突发公共卫生事件的救治设施纳入</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">公共服务设施章节还是综合防灾章节，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">也亟待研究确定。</span></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section><section style="width: 100%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 4px;margin-top: -2px;float: right;transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-right-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-top: -2px;margin-bottom: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/HT7icVctSugotfSC1RymeIyP0mg8gyyhW3rBqsjA1TGGrBVYnKIxgnMFvosibAClg1mljyey7xlUMAWa6zTAhhgA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(218, 107, 107);border-radius: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2020年05期《规划师》杂志</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">审读：刘芳</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 0px 1.5em;margin-bottom: -35px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;width: 100%;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》杂志2020年05期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong>临时性到常备化：突发公共卫生事件下救治设施空间规划供给研究<strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">》</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" 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1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;"> <section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;margin-left: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin: -12px 0px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(227, 43, 107);box-sizing: border-box;">声明</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(132, 81, 21);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社微信公众订阅号（ID：）为非盈利新媒体平台，所有转发的非原创图文来源于互联网及新媒体渠道，如果所转发图文作者或其他版权所有人认为违反了您的权益，请告知我们，我们会在24小时内删除。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-top: 1em;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;"> <section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-top: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 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  </p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮编：530029</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">电话：0771-2438012</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">传真：0771-2436269</span></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-size: auto 100%;background-attachment: scroll;padding: 10px 10px 5px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/j8bTq15u0mg4On4HfefQ1mg2rIAuuDZFs9A5IWeTkCB4WURZSnmMgbG30AYjKoXZRXTeC72765rfYDFADunC3w/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;background-position: 60.8969% 0%;background-repeat: 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1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">精</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">彩</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: 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