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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;overflow: hidden;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 4em;height: 4em;border-radius: 50%;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhDHrO8XnibGFNzppp30GExiasW8rxtjFvBr9W74EBia6PFMGBsic8j78QhicMHgskkkRhicHo7N18YY31A/640?wx_fmt=png");overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"> <img data-ratio="0.9409091" data-w="220" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhDHrO8XnibGFNzppp30GExiasW8rxtjFvBr9W74EBia6PFMGBsic8j78QhicMHgskkkRhicHo7N18YY31A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-left: 1.2em;margin-top: -1.2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;white-space: nowrap;overflow: hidden;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 2em;margin-left: 1em;border-bottom-left-radius: 1em;border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);max-width: 85% !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 1.5em;line-height: 1.5;padding-right: 0.5em;font-size: 11px;color: rgb(56, 30, 5);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">点击蓝字关注公众号</p></section></section><section style="float: left;width: 5%;margin-left: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;margin-top: 1.82em;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;padding: 3px 0px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(224, 224, 224);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(224, 224, 224);border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224);border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">【专题讨论37】</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">应对突发公共事件的社区建设策略——</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">基于“社区”概念的辨析</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(218, 107, 107);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者武汉大学城市设计学院栾晓帆，北京大学城市与环境学院、城市规划与设计学院博士研究生刘一鸣，武汉大学城市设计学院教授、博士生导师，中国城市规划学会理事，中国地理学会城市地理专业委员会副主任李志刚在《规划师》2020年第6期撰文，2020年春节前后的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情是新中国成立以来在我国发生的传播速度最快、感染范围最广、防控难度最大的一次重大突发公共卫生事件，不仅影响了国内外千万人的健康乃至生命，还凸显出城市特别是社区尺度在应对公共危机过程中存在的不足。文章以建构韧性社区为目标，通过对“社区”概念内涵以及相应的社会实践特点的辨析，试图对当前城市韧性不足的成因进行解释，并以此为基础提出建设对策和建议。</p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;height: 5px;background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgb(150, 46, 46), rgba(255, 247, 234, 0)) white;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]突发公共事件；社区；城市韧性</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文章编号]1006-0022(2020)06-0116-05　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[中图分类号]TU984　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文献标识码]B</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[引文格式] 栾晓帆，刘一鸣，李志刚．应对突发公共事件的社区建设策略——基于“社区”概念的辨析 [J]．规划师， 2020(6)：116-120．</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Z6OlCG4Fpxm0sOiba59JT6gS5Ks57Lqg9CoNiauu6BWficXWkPic9BvBUgMUoFmWAfxuFs5sdYxoibeUrSwvKNgFkfA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 重大公共事件的发生与发展</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市是高度复合的系统集成。为了追求繁荣、效率和便捷，城市规模不断增加，子系统日益多元，组织方式也日趋复杂，然而现实却让大家认识到，城市常态下的优点和危机状态下的缺点转 化往往只发生在短暂瞬间。现代复杂城市系统的风险具有两大特点，首先是风险来源的高度不确定性，涉及时间、地点和形式等多个方面；其次是风险容易 迅速发展为公共事件，主要表现为社会管理体系的超负荷运转与城市功能及职能在组织、协调和管理方面的“真空”。2020年大规模爆发的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情也在相当程度上验证了这一特点。</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）现代化社会背景下的社会风险</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市是一个复杂的自然—社会系统，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">自产生伊始就伴随着各种各样的自然性</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与社会性问题，同时伴随着城市的发展，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">也不断承受着各种意料之外的重大公共</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">事件，如公共卫生事件、社会治安和地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">缘安全等，对城市发展不断造成重大挑</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">战。此次爆发的传染病(Pandemics)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是重大公共危机的重要表现形式。自21</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">世纪以来，仅冠状病毒一项就不断颠覆</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">着人类的科学认知体系，持续冲击着全</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">球正常社会秩序。2003年的“非典”覆</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">盖了我国大部分省市，造成大规模人群</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">感染，2012年爆发的中东呼吸综合征</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">(MERS) 具有比“非典”更高的致死率，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2019 年爆发的新型冠状病毒肺炎再一次</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">覆盖了我国大部分省市，并造成了更大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规模的人群感染。人类社会针对城市生</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">活的适宜性改善，如建筑立体化、人口</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">集聚和功能集中等使得城市在面对重大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">公共事件的过程中更容易遭受危害。同</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时，基于促进城市发展的管理思路，如</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">经济绩效、市场组织和合同关系等也使</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">得城市在面对未预期结果(Unintended </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">Consequences) 的过程难以自适应。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">21世纪以来，伴随着我国经济与城<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">镇化水平的快速提升，我国针对社会各</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个领域的发展主要聚焦于发展速度，并</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">未协调、统筹各个领域的发展关系，在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">造就速度奇迹的同时也遗留了诸多发展</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">问题，形成了现代化进程中遗留的社会</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">风险。由此，引发了诸多疑问—为何社</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区在抗疫责任下沉后不堪重负，为何</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">部分地区领导出现集体性工作问题。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">针对城市复杂系统的专业化研究能<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">够增加城市应对重大公共事件的强度，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">也是未来应当持续努力的方向。因此，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">应当同等重视关键时刻的“减损”与“修</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">复”，即培育城市的韧性。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）建设韧性城市的发展诉求</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">韧性的概念源于心理学和生态学，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">指的是系统在消化干预、适应和复苏方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面的能力，多用于指代个体或组织在危</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">机后的恢复力、应对压力和灾害的能力。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从个体到城市，其韧性特征包括应对干</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">扰的能力、自组织能力，以及学习和适</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">应能力。在城市韧性的概念演变中，霍</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">林(Crawford Stanley Holling)将物理属性</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的工程韧性(Engineering Resilience)拓展</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">至具有生命体属性的生态韧性(Ecological </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">Resilience)，而后在针对人类社会的使</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">用场景中融入演进韧性(Revolutionary </span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">Resilience)。城市韧性的概念内涵由工</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">程系统受到外部性波动之后复原至初始</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">状态的能力，延伸至生态系统具备自适</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">应能力，系统在应对外部性波动过程中</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">达至的新均衡状态，最终拓展至复杂社</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">会系统面对外部性波动时迅速适应与转</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">换的能力。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">针对韧性城市的建构，主要观点可<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">概括为两个方面：一方面是城市物质韧</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性，具体包括物质功能属性的多功能性、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不同空间尺度的多元性，以及空间单元</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">之间物资高效率地流通以及底线储备；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">另一方面是城市管理韧性，城市管理属</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性的降维到空间基本单位的自组织能力，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不同空间单元之间沟通信息的恢复能力以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及管理核心高强度的统筹协调能力。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">一般而言，城市物质韧性能够完全通过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">经济投入实现永久性与半永久性的建设。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">然而，城市管理韧性则需要多元化的培</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">育手段，包括经济投入、组织关联、优</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化治理及关系营造等，同时也是一个需</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要长期经营的过程。城市物质韧性与城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市管理韧性是应对城市风险的“一体两</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面”，在面对未预期城市风险的过程中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">均不可或缺。目前我国的韧性城市建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">设已经在城市物质韧性建设方面取得长</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">足进展，但是在城市管理韧性建设仍然</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">存在短板。如果以实现国家治理体系与</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">治理能力现代化的要求来审视此次疫情</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">危机，显然还需要在城市管理韧性的层</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面投入更多的关注。此次疫情让大家</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">认识到，作为基层社会单位的社区，在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重大公共事件过程扮演着至关重要的角</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">色。未来，社区韧性作为一项重要的研</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">究议题亟待开展。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Z6OlCG4Fpxm0sOiba59JT6gS5Ks57Lqg9CoNiauu6BWficXWkPic9BvBUgMUoFmWAfxuFs5sdYxoibeUrSwvKNgFkfA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> “社区”概念的多学科路径探索</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="display: block;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">面对重大公共事件，一方面常态化<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的自上而下科层管理机制出现超负荷运</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">载，大规模人口针对特定公共设施的集</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">聚会导致公共设施的瘫痪，同时也可能</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">因缺乏组织协调产生二次伤害；另一方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面与生产组织“脱嵌”的“自下而上”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的个体成为游离的原子，丧失社会化协</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">调能力，这时或许就会出现由于一个家</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">庭成员的隔离，导致家庭解组的事件。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面对重大公共问题，社区往往成为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市社会最基础的组织单位，此次的疫</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">情也验证了这一点。一方面，社区是疫</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">情防控的基本单元。此次新型冠状病毒</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主要通过飞沫实现近距离人与人之间的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">传播，加之疫情爆发的时间恰逢我国农</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">历春节假期，所以对居住空间中人的活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">动进行控制是此次防疫的重点。其中，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对居住小区或网格进行空间隔离成为重</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要的防疫手段。另一方面，这种隔离使</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">得城市居民需要从日常较大空间尺度的、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">公共性强的生活方式转为在地的、人情</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">社会的生活方式。然而许多问题正是在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">这一过程中暴露出来的，如在疫情防控</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的紧急状态下，居住小区能否有足够的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">社会组织承担起信息搜集、物资发放和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">扶危助困的职责？政府派出的各种基层</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">组织能否被有效地动员？居民间能否互</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">信、高效地开展协作？这些问题及其背</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">后的成因都应以疫情防控为契机进行总</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">结和反思。特别是应该认识到“社区”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">作为多学科共用的学术话语，在其运用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">上容易出现混淆，因此有必要从不同学</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">科的学理视角对该概念开展(再) 辨析，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以更为清楚地解释现有社区的不足究竟</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在何处，进而为未来的改进探索道路。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）社会学意义的“社区”</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“ 社区” 概念最早源于社会学<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">家滕尼斯(Ferdinand T?nnies) 的著</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">作Gemeinschaft Und Gesellschaft( 英</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">译为Community and Society)。他</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在古典社会学理论重要奠基人涂尔</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">干(?mile Durkheim) 提出的“机械团</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">结”(Mechanical Solidarity)和“有机团</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">结”(Organic Solidarity)概念的基础上，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">把人类的社会生活分为“社区”与“社会”。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">社会学的学科研究性质使初始“社区”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的概念更聚焦于非物质属性的社会关系。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">因此，滕尼斯将社区本质概述为一种由</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">血缘( 家庭关系)、地缘( 邻里关系) 以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及共同社会价值追求相互交织的共同体；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与社区相对，社会则是现代化以来基于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利益与理性构建的业缘(生产关系与市场</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">关系)。在社区互动中，人们往往能够基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于自然意志(Natural Will)，也就是社会情</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">感与社会道德进行交往互动；在社会互</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">动中，人们往往基于理性意志(Rational </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">Will)，也就是个体目标进行交往互动。费</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">孝通将我国“乡土社会”的适用性场景，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进一步概述为“礼俗社会”与“法理社</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">会”。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会学意义上的社区将其定位在人<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本主义范畴。尽管这种社区是一种缺乏</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间属性以及明确管理方法的本体性概</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">念，但已经充分论证了社区建设的最</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">终目标及睦邻友好关系之于社会构建的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重要性。社会学意义上的社区概念提供</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">了一套检视自身发展的镜子，不论何种</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">价值面向，其关键在于有没有实现在社</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">会关系上的“共同体”。特别是遭遇突</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发公共事件甚至危机时，基于行政或经</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">济的理性意志未必充分奏效时，社区或</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">者说共同体提供的自然意志成为抵御危</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">机不可或缺的力量。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在规划实践中，可以将社会学意义<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">上的社区建设具化为“韧性管理社区”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">目标，在社会常态化背景下，积极营造</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">社区主体意识，让社区利益相关者在日</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">常的社区生活中参与决策、分享信息和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共担责任，提高居民主人翁意识。在重</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大公共危机背景下，社区作为基层组织</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">单位能够迅速形成组织管理与组织运行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能力。在职能上，一方面对接需要帮助</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的个体居民，另一方面及时对接上位行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">政指示；在组织上，收集社区内一切能</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">够使用的人员、物资和场所，统筹分配，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高效集约管理。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）作为空间单元的“社区”</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“社区”也是城市研究与城市规划<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中的重要概念，尤其强调空间内涵。计</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">划经济时期为满足国家生产需要，将生</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产与生活紧密结合形成了所谓的“单位</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">社区”，特定生产单位的职工同时也是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">特定居住范围内的居民。改革开放后，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在住房货币化政策的推动下，城市居民</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在不同购买力的条件下形成空间机械聚</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">合，形成了所谓的“社会社区”。当前，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市地理与城市规划领域的“社会社区”，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多具有“居住区”的内涵，并已成为城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市空间管理、社会公共配套体系的实际</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">组织单元。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多年来，规划领域的学者一直呼吁，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">应该让专业的规划师以科学、客观、价</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值中立的角色进入社区，将城市总体规</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">划、控制性详细规划向下延伸，更好地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">满足居民和基层社会的需求。在具体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实践中，计划经济时期的“单位社区”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主要是依靠政府或国有单位自上而下地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行建设，市场化改革后的“社会社区”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">又大多以开发主体的经济利益最大化为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基础，其共性在于社会发展或者社会学</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">意义的“共同体”建构的不足。近年来，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划领域的管理者和研究者开始通过“参</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与式规划”实践，引导居民通过参与身</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">边的空间规划和改造过程，对自下而上</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地培育社区精神进行了有益的探索。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）作为公共管理单元的“社区”</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">近年来，“社区”也成为一种重要<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的公共管理抓手，主要用于提高基层管</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理的效率，满足新时期国家与社会治理</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的需要。总的来说，作为公共管理的“社</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区”，实际是一种自上而下的管理单元。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">目前，公共管理领域针对社区建设的落</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地实践主要是指“网格化管理”。“网格”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">概念来源于信息技术领域，强调通过多</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">种物理设备的组合来提供更多的信息资</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">料或者服务。网格化管理则是将管理对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">象按照特定组织形式分割成最大化管理</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">效率的单元，通过协调机制，提高资源</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">捕捉能力与资源利用效率，实现高效管</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理的目标。目前，我国基层组织的“网</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">格化管理”主要分为两种模式，一种是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">党政主导模式，另一种是通过市场购买</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务的项目制模式。这种管理方法</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">迅速在全国基层推广，目前已经成为城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市政府进行城市管理最主要的抓手。当</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">前，公共管理层面的社区治理取得了以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">下成效：①进一步畅通了多部门对接基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">层单位的管理通道；②形成了覆盖全面</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的基础信息平台；③面对突发事件具备</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">高效的联动机制；④通过市场购买服务</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的形式为城市居民提供了更专业的服务。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通过对不同学科中“社区”概念的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">辨析，对其内涵进行总结(表1)。总体上，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">现存各学科理论仍然缺乏深入的沟通与</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">融合，使得社区在具体建构的过程中被</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不断演绎，甚至脱离了原有的核心内涵。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5066225" data-w="604" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mj6p3uOQlP8Vcibc0nML3uYC8QQAe3SeoPkJGu9Bj6Ye28ia2EQ4OVnUR0GFIaPuKFvtDOHPFffOEQQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">此次疫情表明，地方的防疫绝不能</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">仅停留于常态化的设计与政府要素的投</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">入，还取决于社区的组织能力和治理水</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平，防疫决胜的关键在社区。发挥我国</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在社区建设和组织上的优势，对于防疫</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">具有重要意义。同时，要充分发挥基层</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">组织和民间力量的作用，让民间组织更</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">好地发挥自主性和积极性，民间组织的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">特点在于灵活性和弹性，更善于具体问</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">题具体处理，可以很好地发挥补充作用。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">居民的主人翁意识既是城市管理韧性建设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的题中之义，也是社区构建的本意。</span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Z6OlCG4Fpxm0sOiba59JT6gS5Ks57Lqg9CoNiauu6BWficXWkPic9BvBUgMUoFmWAfxuFs5sdYxoibeUrSwvKNgFkfA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 回归“共同体”，建构社区韧性</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">注重韧性城市建设中的城市管理</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">韧性</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在社会发展过程中，重大公共事件<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的爆发是未预期性的，因此需要在构建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">韧性城市的理念下预留城市应对风险的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">预案。韧性城市的内涵包括物质与管理</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">双重维度，既往我国基于城市物质韧性</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的建设取得了显著成效，但是基于城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管理韧性的建设仍存在缺位。笔者认为，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市物质韧性能够增加城市抗风险强度，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">但是具有脆弱性较高的特点，相对而言</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市管理韧性能够增加城市应对风险的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">适应性，在复杂环境能够形成强大的自</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">组织能力，协调与配适城市物质韧性与</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市管理韧性才能发挥城市应对风险的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">最大功效。未来，需要将城市规划的风</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">险预案进一步分担到城市管理层面，加</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">强风险管理体系建设。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）整合社区建设经验</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社区是城市管理体系最基础的管理<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">单位，尤其是在社会重大事件过程中起</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">着关键作用，可以说社区稳则大局稳。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">自改革开放以来，我国社区治理已经在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">各个方面积累了众多经验，尤其在针对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">常态化的社会问题上效果显著。但是，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不同的管理经验之于社区建设仍然缺乏</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">整合。未来，要在规划体系层面进一步</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">提高社区规划在城市规划体系中的地位；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在规划论证阶段进一步考虑城市空间组</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">织与空间协调的问题，优化空间布局；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在规划管理阶段进一步增加应急预案模</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">块；在规划内容层面进一步增强当前缺</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">乏却在应对社会重大事件时至关重要的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">睦邻关系等。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">筹备重大公共危机事件下的大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">数据服务体系</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">伴随着技术进步，大数据在人们的<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，尤</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其是在认识居民的活动规律与行动模式</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">上起着至关重要的作用。目前，大数据</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">应用已经成为政府与科研机构重要的决</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">策支撑，它能够让政府与研究机构在数</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">据收集与收据整合的基础上，发现问题、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">认识问题，进而推动科学地响应问题并</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">解决问题。值得强调的是，目前政府</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与研究机构基于大数据服务体系的构建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">仍然是以常态化社会为背景，源数据掌</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">握在最高层级的信息收集部门，因此总</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">结的认知尺度与建议尺度都是一种宏观</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的范式，对重大公共危机事件背景下最</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">核心的社区单位难以产生实际的指导效</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用。因此，有关大数据的使用应当增加</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重大公共危机事件下的场景。在重大公</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共危机事件的背景下，考虑将对应尺度</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的大数据信息或者结论下发到基层社区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">单位，让社区在一线实时掌控动态，及</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时调整应急预案。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Z6OlCG4Fpxm0sOiba59JT6gS5Ks57Lqg9CoNiauu6BWficXWkPic9BvBUgMUoFmWAfxuFs5sdYxoibeUrSwvKNgFkfA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(218, 107, 107);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2020年06期《规划师》杂志</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">审读：刘芳</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 0px 1.5em;margin-bottom: -35px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;width: 100%;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》杂志2020年06期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong>应对突发公共事件的社区建设策略——基于“社区”概念的辨析<strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">》</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 24px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;"><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;"> <section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;margin-left: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-right: 1px solid rgb(150, 46, 46);border-left-color: rgb(150, 46, 46);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin: -12px 0px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(227, 43, 107);box-sizing: border-box;">声明</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(132, 81, 21);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社微信公众订阅号（ID：）为非盈利新媒体平台，所有转发的非原创图文来源于互联网及新媒体渠道，如果所转发图文作者或其他版权所有人认为违反了您的权益，请告知我们，我们会在24小时内删除。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-top: 1em;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: 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style="text-align: center;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">识别图中二维码进入微店购买《规划师》杂志</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="850" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhDHrO8XnibGFNzppp30GExiaRCEibFW7rL7X2UassbWjrUweU6TFlnZrjJWkoichHcicFY9sHMRvdDHQw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社                                         </p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮编：530029</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">电话：0771-2438012</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">传真：0771-2436269</span></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 60.8969% 0%;background-repeat: repeat-x;background-size: auto 100%;background-attachment: scroll;padding: 10px 10px 5px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/j8bTq15u0mhDHrO8XnibGFNzppp30GExia7kqfNcKNYqWwQY4ibP36jGLLvDsnlcnmWCxu4ibIicU0bYvytdl8bGuqA/640?wx_fmt=gif");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 61.8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">精</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">彩</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">请猛戳右边二维码</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 38.2%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公众号ID</p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="430" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhDHrO8XnibGFNzppp30GExia0quGknl28zicwFdScgHO1AXVM3TytVVvqZZWpyd0ENC1rUwjhjyZYAw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: left;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: right;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><section style="line-height: 0;width: 0px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 1 1" style="vertical-align:top;"></svg></section></section></section></section></section>
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