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<section style="display:none;" data-tools="gulangu" data-label="powered by gulangu"><br  /></section><section style="font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 1px;padding-left: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.25" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MLyRCUqSCxBuYk8jkPsMsBibxKsJsQYyIxO34k7IaJJY8lF7tFOp5iceQ/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="640" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: right;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">来源 | 广东省城乡规划设计研究院</span></strong></section><section style="text-align: right;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">撰稿 | 城市发展研究中心 <span style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;">徐敏、汪志雄</span></span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">全文共<strong><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);">5636</span></strong>字，阅读大约需要<strong><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);">15</span></strong>分钟。</section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">21世纪以来，荷兰、丹麦、德国、英国等欧洲发达国家相继启动自行车高速路（Bicycle Superhighways）建设，旨在解决汽车过多带来的交通拥堵、通勤时间长、停车难、温室气体排放增加等“城市病”。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">随着我国城镇化不断发展，我国许多大城市也面临交通拥堵等“城市病”的难题。目前，我国北京、厦门等城市已先后开展自行车高速路示范项目建设，以自行车高速路为代表的自行车交通系统建设成为推进低碳生态城市建设，倡导绿色出行的重要抓手。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">由于自行车高速路建设门槛相对较高，要加快建设自行车高速路，首先要<span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;">充分尊重当地基础条件，</span>制订科学合理的自行车高速路建设规划，保障其有序合理的健康发展。因此，在总结归纳国内外自行车高速路建设特征和建设条件的前提下，对未建设的地区自行车高速路建设可行性作出科学评价，确定出自行车高速路建设的适宜性布局情况就势在必行。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">然而，当前我国对于自行车高速路研究较少，国内外均未建立相关评价体系。本文根据国内外自行车高速路所需建设条件和发展特征，建立一套适用于我国发达城市的自行车高速路建设评价体系，并以珠三角地区重要通道为例，对自行车高速路建设环境和基础条件进行适应性评价，为建立绿色低碳、串联城乡的自行车高速路体系提供规划编制依据和建设标准，同时也为加快推进我国城乡基础设施供给侧改革提供经验探索。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 24px;color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">01.</strong></em></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">自行车高速路的定义与内涵</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">自行车高速路是从城市外围地区进入中心城区工作的一种更安全、更快捷和更直接的交通基础设施。自行车高速路主要有如下三个特征：一是通勤通学为主。自行车高速路建设主要目的是让市民骑自行车上班上学更方便，并兼具为骑行爱好者、郊游人群提供更舒适骑行环境的功能。二是行驶速度快。自行车高速路是一种快速自行车道，人们能以时速25公里/小时的平均速度行驶，使自行车行驶更快、更安全。三是自行车专用。主要采取全封闭或半封闭的形式进行建设，全程不设交叉路口和红绿灯，路上禁止行人行走及汽车行驶，并具备完善的自行车配套设施。自行车高速路与绿道、普通自行车道和高速公路对比（表1），具有更加便捷、快速、灵活和安全的特点。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">表1  自行车高速路与其他相关交通设施对比</section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5154867" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MAeoWWaoqFq9UFGetlVvTXEI0icelfsFdedbj1Qef98xwlemgDkehQPQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="452" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 24px;color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">02.</strong></em></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">国内外自行车高速路建设现状特征</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">1、分布于人口密集和经济发达的平原城镇地区</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">一是自行车高速路主要布局于人口密集的地区。比如丹麦的第一条自行车高速路全长22公里，连接首都市中心和市郊阿尔贝斯郎地区，担负着连接首都市中心和广阔郊区的重任（图1、图2）。北京市试点建设首条封闭式自行车高速路，将回龙观、上地、中关村等人口密集区域串联起来（图3）。二是自行车高速路多数分布于经济发达地区，比如丹麦哥本哈根2015年人均GDP约62719.8美元，荷兰阿姆斯特丹地区人均GDP约43764美元，分别是同年广州（折合22217.11美元）、深圳（折合26071.22美元）的2-3倍。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding-right: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9136276" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MTt7rAbY3jUxu8RZv2tf51nWNP6k5ZTvy38icYr3NHgG84svM0gbicLIQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="521" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section></section><section style="width: 50%;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9570313" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MTBibVRPUt8ic30eOLmlG7LA5JF8jMS9CIwDCH1ZGvYNaFTdLuuGCsibxw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="512" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图1 丹麦哥本哈根自行车高速路网络</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5566667" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MBQkLUwP0UXnF08BTPr36fImgh4yymI6AufsIicwPCicibgduibtACAxDdA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="600" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图2  丹麦典型的非盘形自行车环形岛</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4918567" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5M2r1ibwkqhiauECDxaTC0Z9ibLKTvFpQLejQdWu0ZRv5DJaEsrFfPRoMkw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="921" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图3  北京自行车高速路规划方案</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">2、主要起到便捷联系市中心和外围地区的作用</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">荷兰政府亦大力发展自行车高速路，已兴建阿姆斯特丹至乌得勒支、布雷达至埃滕勒尔等多条自行车高速路，促使首都阿姆斯特丹的自行车出行分担率高达27％（图4）。至2013年荷兰人均拥有约1.1辆自行车，呈现“车比人多”的局面，丹麦第一条自行车高速路全长22公里，担负着连接首都市中心和广阔郊区的重任。2012年建成后，周边骑车人数量猛增约1.5万人，相较建成以前增长30%，让至少一半哥本哈根市民将自行车作为上下班交通工具。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6497462" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MSD3I8wbDEQcOancAjv3aFMPbBr35EQI22MJ8SqFN2QjgrKyYiaFQ5Mw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="788" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图4 欧洲、北美以及澳大利亚的自行车出行分担率</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">3、串联公交枢纽、公服设施、居住区和就业区</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">英国福斯特建筑事务所(Foster+Partners)计划在伦敦城市铁路线的上空架设起专用的“自行车高速公路”——天空单车道，通过合理利用城市铁路上方的空中走廊，人们每天利用天空单车道通勤将比其他交通方式平均节省多达半个小时。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">英国现已建成大伦敦地区自行车高速路网络（图5），以CS2线为例（图6），线路主要穿越了国家火车站、地面火车站、轻轨站、伦敦地铁站、城市公园等城市节点，形成了自行车高速路与公交枢纽节点无缝衔接的网络布局。并且，伦敦正在大力修建的skycycle空中自行车高速公路，在现有的铁道上架构自行车专用高速通道（图7）。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">厦门市近年率先规划建设了全国首条自行车高速路——云顶路空中自行车专用道，该项目全长约7.6公里，以BRT洪文站为起点，终于BRT县后站，强调了与公共交通的无缝接驳。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding-right: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6728625" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MrOxaKPCic1rLAHDwoQibgpsRMuBWPvic4270PwGByuxL9R7PZZn7EeTag/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="538" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section></section><section style="width: 50%;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7856025" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MRanoBymSZ8Tz3xAqTE7U9iapzgydz8iaQLhbSrEn8ic76mVibtPVHfJROA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="639" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图5  英国大伦敦地区自行车高速路网络</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding-right: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8010471" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MewNVUop7LciafNxLYsUyHQOMGcrDM2nMXWlAf5picp30eLMzsOU2BaTA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="573" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section></section><section style="width: 50%;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6666667" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MVzL9LsFVhfjfB7sEozpdzibybMicl7EqpQhswvUBkMicIVicycoa6UHkUw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="600" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5287037" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5Mf8f0icYtiaARmaQEqGXj043YgnaiahgW1RAr3hkicWqzo8t6oruh0CQvNA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图6   英国巴克利自行车高速公路(CS2线)线路规划图及沿街效果图</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4944444" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MMpmdEt7ia24tj8ia8MXnqCf5QY62MoKjEX0S2QGeIx455uwKSUFCJNsQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图7  英国伦敦skycycle空中自行车高速公路项目</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">4、提供通勤通学、康体健身、休闲游憩等多重功能</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">丹麦的自行车高速路全程配备有先进的电子交通信号系统，以尽量避免上下班高峰时段拥堵，，同时自行车高速路主要沿城市滨水岸线和城市绿地系统设置，可观赏沿途风光，形成自行车绿色通道系统。自行车高速路也是荷兰大量的自行车骑行爱好者的热衷地，每当周末都有公路自行车爱好者和山地自行车爱好者训练。可见，自行车高速路已成为引领新型城市工作及休闲娱乐消费的新方式。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 24px;color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">03.</strong></em></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">构建自行车高速路建设适应性评价指标体系</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">1、评价指标体系构建方法</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（1）突出重点，引导方向</strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">结合国内外自行车高速路建设经验以及当前自行车系统发展需求，可总结出自行车高速路主要建设在发达城镇人口密集地区的城市主干道上，功能以通勤为主、以康体健身及休闲等功能为辅，并兼具专门化、高标准的建设要求。评价指标体系将上述内容归纳为出行便利、周边资源丰富以及建造简易度这3个方面，并使之成为未来自行车高速路建设的价值导向。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（2）量化评估，动态监测</strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">自行车高速路评价指标体系不但应充分体现当前时代发展需求，还应随着城镇化发展过程而变化，体现与时俱进、动态更新的特色。结合大数据分析等技术，综合运用层次分析法等数据分析方法，对搜集的大数据进行动态监测，通过综合大数据以及政府提供的政务数据，并对其作校核分析，以达到定性分析和定量分析相结合。比如，摩拜提供的共享单车位置信息以及可以直观看出自行车很好地补充了公交盲区，说明市民对于自行车的需求十分迫切，自行车的推广和共享骑行对于解决“最后一公里”将有较好的示范效应。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding-right: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8864516" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MU9DEwlu3qsn64GqXoib1VibstD1glhsyAoONsCFuRJgcvYxagiaZ3AcTw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="775" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">图8 公共交通站点未覆盖盲区分布图</p></section></section></section><section style="width: 50%;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8904992" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MEibOFibu9kCu1tgZ5HPLia4w5IUAvlGRicIC06cIK3YpH2eBb1Qib4YOJpQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="621" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">共享单车对公共交通站点盲区覆盖图</p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8930921" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MAkRSKcQnv9icoVBIL3NGzfkjEibGh7vtR8VTA5E31HiayNkc2oqsYDs9A/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="608" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图9 共享单车覆盖后的盲区分布图</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">2、评价指标体系确立</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（1）评价体系因子识别</strong><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">基于国内外自行车高速路先进案例，借鉴我国自行车系统相关评价体系，结合百度热力图等大数据统计信息，按照出行便利度、资源丰富度以及建设简易度3个评价准则，将绿色出行、高效便捷的理念贯彻始终，分别细化评价因子。其中，出行便利度评价准则下设包括公交枢纽换乘便捷度、通勤人群密集度2个评价因子；资源丰富度包括具观赏价值的自然景观资源分布数量、具艺术人文价值的历史文化遗产分布数量2个评价因子；建造简易度包括建造方式难度值、自行车设施现状基础条件2个评价因子，综合体现出多元化、动态化的多源数据评估特色。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（2）赋予评价因子权</strong></section></section><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="float: right;text-align: left;width: 50%;padding-left: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3589744" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MFPSYyicqMhWlYzibacdZ1XZ8N3ibZ2fTC6Dxpxk9SzFxeytto0FjNPlzA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="351" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">图10  层次分析法因子判断矩阵</section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="clear: none;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">在借鉴国内外相关评价标准的基础上，按照国际通用的“评价准则-评价因子-评价标准”评价体系研究思路和逻辑结构，针对各评价因子，综合运用层次分析法(图8)和专家打分法，对自行车高速路评价体系进行中的各评价因子进行权重赋值，分别赋予出行便利度0.4、资源丰富度0.3、建造简易度0.3的权重。同时，在对各评价因子每一层的两两比较后，都需要进行一致性检验，公式如下图所示：</section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3771429" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MBCjoA72XkfzbbHNGXb743EAs4xAIBUggMRY3PFOQw7teWOFmC3nI6g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="175" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">在通过一致性检验（<span style="font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;">即经公式计算得出出现不一致情况范围不大于1</span>）以后，确定各评价因子的权重值，形成适应发达城市人口密集区、低碳绿色的自行车高速路评价指标体系一览表（表2）。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">表2  自行车高速路建设评价指标体系表</section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.1268012" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5M5n4jsEibIM7XywxpKNChsKRoGqK7ADThk9IibUdlicLcibYn8MNCqEtSgA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="347" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 24px;color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">04.</strong></em></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">珠三角重要通道自行车高速路适应性评价</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">根据珠三角地区现状发展情况，广州、东莞、深圳3大核心城市之间的广深城镇连绵地带无疑已成为珠三角核心地带，其中广深高速、广九铁路、广深沿江高速等作为珠三角地区重要通道（图9），发挥着引领区域发展、带动城乡资源要素高效流动的重要作用。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9524313" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MQFEuOW2Ql2GzbMsiba6PgadHjxRPJZ7CUvFhUnessice7rn2icAA74Jsw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="946" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图11 珠三角广深沿线地区重要通道分布情况</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">1、单项评价</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">根据自行车高速路评价指标体系，按照以每个准则满分10分、各评价因子分别以5个级别的标准分别从高到低打分，在资源丰富程度方面，广九铁总体通勤出行便捷程度较高。在出行便利程度方面，广深高速线排名最前（10分），其次是广九铁路和广深沿江高速。在资源丰富程度方面，广深沿江高速线排名最前（9分），其次是广深高速和广九铁路；在建设简易程度方面，广深沿江高速线排名最前（7分），其次是广深高速和广九铁路。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4458716" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5M1k7KNRjg3At5icCeHA48mamGklGcVD5CuFTcQNFVcic7Sl9RfoJqF9Fg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="545" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图12 广深地区通勤时间百度热力图</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">其中，在通勤上班功能方面，根据百度热力图上下班热力拥挤度显示统计（图10），广深高速沿线3公里范围内拥有热力拥挤度黄色（一般拥挤程度）以上区域次数达13次，其中深圳市的拥挤程度最高，说明深圳市民利用广深高速通勤的密度最频繁。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">2、综合评价</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">经赋予权重后综合统计，广九铁路、广深高速和广深沿江高速的综合评分分别为69、79分和72分，即广深高速的综合评分最高，说明广深高速沿线路段率先开展自行车高速路试点建设的条件较好。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">综上所述，广深高速以出行便利度最优以及综合最高分被评为广深沿线开展自行车高速公路建设的最佳适宜建设自行车高速路的选线方案。因此，结合广深高速沿线地区周边沿线国道、省道及城市主干道已有公共基础设施，可通过建设先行示范段的形式，探索建设以通勤功能为主、以休闲为辅的自行车高速路。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 24px;color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">05.</strong></em></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">加快开展自行车高速路示范段建设</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">1、发展策略</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">基于多源数据分析的自行车高速路适应性评价，结合珠三角重要通道两侧城镇连绵带，可沿城市主干道开展务实可行的自行车高速路建设。主要结合以下5个方面开展：</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（1）建立因地制宜的行动计划</strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">注重自行车高速路建设与各地城市总体规划及公共交通专项规划、慢行系统规划、市政基础设施、城市绿地系统、历史文化保护等相关专项规划的有效衔接，着眼于城市多系统的整体协调发展和密切配合；遵循重要通道沿线地区实际建设情况，依据通勤通学、休闲游憩等当地不同功能需求，结合骑行爱好者喜好，针对不同城市中心地区重要通道沿线生态区、生活区、生产区的分布情况，提出符合当地特色的因地制宜、差异化的行动计划，展现各市独特的城市魅力。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（2）构建功能复合的骑行网络</strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">在充分发挥自行车高速路系统绿色低碳功能的基础上，以居住区和商务办公地区等城市中心区以及交通站点为载体，深入挖掘各类资源特色，依托城镇密集点、产业集聚区、风景资源点和综合客运枢纽，强化自行车高速路与城市公交系统和慢行系统的衔接，并结合换乘节点进行功能综合开发，打造成为紧密衔接城郊地带与中心城区的自行车骑行网络体系。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（3）建设舒适安全的自行车道</strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">结合以人为本的城市基础设施建设理念，自行车道采用半封闭隔离管理，减少与机动车的冲突，同时完善标识系统、应急救助系统以及与骑行者人身安全密切相关的配套设施，充分保障骑行者的人身安全，为居民提供安全的出行路径的同时，提供舒适宜人的休闲游憩空间。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（4）设置简易便捷的换乘设施</strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">自行车高速公路应提供连续、无障碍的自行车骑行专用道和停车设施，强调与公交枢纽便捷接驳和与人流密集区有机衔接，提高人们出行效率；在叠加现有公共交通资源的基础上，综合利用各市已有自行车设施建设条件，为人们提供畅通出行、简易实施、造价适宜的自行车高速公路网络。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（5）建立投资可行的融资渠道</strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">基于自行车高速路投资成本高昂，在因地制宜、节约成本的前提下，综合考虑投资成本和项目收益情况，以投资可行为前提，以省统筹、各市为主导的方式开展自行车高速路建设，加强引入基础设施PPP投融资模式，减轻各市财政压力，提高自行车高速路建设可操作性。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">2、建设方式</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">根据整体谋划，分市实施的原则，结合广深高速和广九铁路等重要通道周边现状情况，建议采取沿分段建设的方式，结合周边城市主干道、绿道、自行车道等已有公共基础设施，开展自行车高速路示范段建设。主要采用如下3种方式开展示范段建设：一是结合生态景观林带，考虑采取在与广深、广九旁的快速路、国道或省道等主干道，增设一段半封闭的双向自行车高速路；二是在郊区增建开敞式自行车道，路线主要衔接郊区与城市中心区；三是结合各市内部城市交通主干道，沿主干道一侧已有自行车道或绿道建设。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;">3、示范段选线方案</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">以通勤需求为主，兼顾休闲康体需要，按照便捷联系市中心和外围地区以及串联人流密集地区等选线思路，结合城市交通实时拥堵和热力图等大数据分析，在广州、深圳、东莞和广佛规划7条自行车高速路示范段（图11），串联各市内部的大型居住区、重要公共资源和行政办公区、商业区、文化和生态地区和工业区等。</section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5944444" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5M5xhbCjQxHMibu2ZtmwGG6BTUiczib4eJTUyJc198THHz2Rl96Pich6z2yg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">图13  珠三角自行车高速公路示范段整体布局图</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;">表3 珠三角自行车高速公路示范段规划建设一览表</section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3611111" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JARNncAyoha5Cmia2AwOnra3kVDiawiaO5MDRatRULaHBlf1iag4T54nTCqDcLduCopM8l2psHzb10siaJnSuf9ibtdw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="576" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;height: auto !important;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 24px;color: rgb(8, 90, 81);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">06.</strong></em></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">结语</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 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