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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoCLicCr7cutjR2CqQn3nJ4MhgoJoqTUNLJ3MVbic4kficT8hLybiahy7cBg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 70%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(153, 166, 171);line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎点击以上蓝色字体</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关注</p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoCLicCr7cutjR2CqQn3nJ4MhgoJoqTUNLJ3MVbic4kficT8hLybiahy7cBg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 50%;border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(254, 193, 192);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="padding: 5px 4px;clear: both;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者华蓝设计(集团) 有限公司贺州分院院长、城乡规划院规划二所所长张强在《规划师》2019年第20期撰文，边境城镇历来是国家实施边境战略的前沿，是边境稳定及区域贸易繁荣的空间载体。随着“一带一路”向纵深推进，边境门户枢纽开始形成，为应对随之产生的边境城镇产业衰退和空心化等问题，文章通过梳理边境城镇的历史演化进程和现状态势，认为门户枢纽区域的协同分工体系重构是边境城镇功能衰退的主要诱因，只有重建城镇职能才能融入边境门户枢纽中。文章结合凭祥市浦寨边贸区，从重构区域协同关系、重塑边贸产业体系和重组多元主体关系三方面探讨边境城镇的更新模式与策略，以期为边境型城镇发展提供新思路。</p></section><section style="width: 50%;border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(42, 118, 162);float: right;margin-top: -6px;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 关键词 ]边境门户枢纽；区域协同；边境城镇；更新模式</p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(56, 30, 5);letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文章编号 ]1006-0022(2019)20-0019-07</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 中图分类号 ]TU982.29</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文献标识码 ]B </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 引文格式 ]张强．面向区域协同的边境城镇更新框架与策略——以凭祥市浦寨边贸区为例[J]．规划师，2019(20)：19-25．</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/gWuUywccHBjlQG7mNB7BG4mLhpSDBCEG8Q464VfGSgUohYLgX2pEgCjcKw0QxOA9NJUZNBAB57VFLRM2THPA2A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 1em;background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 0.3em 0.8em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">门户枢纽兴起引起的边境城镇问题</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）边境城镇的历史演化进程</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从演化的视角来看，边境城镇的初始及基本职能<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是边防和边境管理，在长期的民族与经</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">济融合中产生货物流通和商业贸易的经</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">济职能，并最终演化出消费与公共服务</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">功能，形成城镇，其演化历程可分为三</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个阶段(图1)：第一阶段是以军事边防</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和要塞屯驻为主要功能的雏形期，兼具</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和平时期的集贸往来与战争时期的军队</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">调动驻守和防御功能，地理交通条件、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">双边关系、对外政策和军事边防等外部</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">因素是这一时期形成城镇雏形的首要因</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">素；第二阶段是以双边经济、社会与</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化交往为主要活动的融合期，这一时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">期高密度的民族交往与频繁的商贸流通</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">加速了边境聚落的社会融合；第三阶段</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">则是以产生稳定的消费功能和公共服务</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为特征的成熟期，人口集聚达到一定规</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">模，足以支撑复杂的社会分工，形成稳</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">定的边贸交易活动及场所，具备行政建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">制管辖和基本公共服务。以凭祥为例，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">汉代设立雍鸡关(现为友谊关) 作为边境</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">驻守与贸易出入管理的关卡，历经千余</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年民族融合与商贸来往，边民聚落由村</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">寨发展为市镇，至明代洪武年间才确立</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行政建制，设为凭祥镇，到民国时期改</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">凭祥镇为凭祥县。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.3809524" data-w="252" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoReENjtbz5uWMq04brXKH1u1eFb1l7lefwkrPLTJw17BcxqyztdLgog/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）口岸门户枢纽兴起与区域协同重组</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">门户城市最早是形容货物吞吐量较<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大的港口城市，强调其货运能力和对腹</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地经济的带动作用。而后这一概念的外</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">延逐渐扩大，用于描述一个区域内的具</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有极强对外开放和对内辐射能力的内陆</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市。在边境范畴上，口岸门户枢纽</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主要体现为商贸、物流、金融、加工和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">检验检疫等多种口岸功能的高度整合。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">边境地区尽管看似商贸繁荣，但由于区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">位偏远，受中心城市辐射带动较弱，同</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时陆路口岸的物流量远低于海港，加之</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">人口与市场规模十分有限，其经济发展</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">长期处于低水平均衡状态。为提高区域</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">竞争力，边境地区大多采取了集中力量</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">打造口岸门户枢纽的发展策略(图2)，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">如创建各类经济合作区和开放开发试验</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区、大规模建设货场和监管区、集中设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">置商贸城和交易区、创新监管与关检措</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">施、引进跨国劳务人员等。这种培育“增</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">长极”的发展路径，是通过大规模建设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基础设施和监管服务的快速升级，将原</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有“毛细血管”式的物流汇聚升格为“动</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">脉”和枢纽，有效地提高了物流转运的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产能和对货物商品的利用效率。然而，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">由于发展资源向口岸门户枢纽区集中，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">原有的区域分工体系被重构，边境城镇</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">若无法参与口岸枢纽的新协同网络，将</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">失去区域竞争力而面临衰退的困境。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4789326" data-w="712" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISo88xFFHeFCb3hSCFZibNDBJDHJjr4uiaibp4kHX7dVQt2gqCIaic9ZsFU0A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）边境城镇面临的发展困境</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.政策偏移与区域协同失效</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">口岸门户枢纽建成后，边境城镇面<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">临的首要困境是政策引导的偏移致使城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">镇定位与区域协作网络的协同失效。政</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">策导向是企业型政府的工具性规则，在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">各类经济合作区、开发开放试验区、检</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">验检疫试验区和旅游合作区的建设过程</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中，由于政策向口岸门户枢纽倾斜，海</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">关、检验检疫和边境检查等机构向口岸</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">功能枢纽区集中，边境城镇失去了原有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的核心功能，短期内难以融入以口岸门</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">户枢纽为核心的区域分工体系。实际上，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从历史演进和现状态势两方面审视，在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">边境城镇的形成、发展乃至参与区域协</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">作的进程中，政策导向无疑是关键的影</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">响因素，边境城镇既可能由于政策引导</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">而资源富集，也可能因核心功能剥离而</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衰退。因此，边境城镇的更新和转型必</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">然围绕着政策导向的引领开展。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.主导产业迁移与关联产业衰退</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区域协同重组对边境城镇的经济影<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">响主要为关检管理和商贸物流等职能的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">外迁转移及其引起的关联产业衰落。原</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有核心功能被剥离后，边境城镇的商贸</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">交易中心、关检专区、物流货场与专用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">物流通道等设施向口岸功能枢纽区偏移，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">边境城镇的进出口物业流与商贸业也被</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">迫外迁。大规模的物流和商贸客流中断</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">后，过去围绕着等候关检的货车司机和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">来往客商形成的服务行业也逐渐衰落，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">私营货场、餐饮住宿、娱乐场所和商行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">日渐冷清，民营企业与个体商户经营艰</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">难；城镇公共服务收缩，城镇空间也由</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于缺乏维护而逐渐破败。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.人口流失与利益主体关系解构</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在社会领域，边境城镇面临的主要<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">问题为城镇人口减少和主要利益群体间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的疏离与信任缺失。一方面，由于边境</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城镇自身职能较为特定和单一，又远离</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区域经济中心，不利于培育劳动密集型</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产业，其劳动岗位通常为与商贸物流相</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">关行业的岗位，多为货运、小商品加工</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和原料贸易等较低端的工作，对人口集</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">聚的吸引力十分有限。另一方面，产业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衰退造成了原有的商贸物流企业、服务</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行业人员和城镇居民的收入下降，这很</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">容易被归咎于当地政府集中力量打造边</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境口岸门户枢纽而剥夺了原有利益主体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的既得利益，导致这些利益主体对地方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">政府和市场复苏的信心也逐渐丧失。此</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">外，近年来沿边公路、高速公路和国际</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">铁路的修建完善，反而加速了边境人口</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">向中心城市的集中。根据中国收缩城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">研究网络的数据，2000～2010年，中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">越边境21个乡镇级行政单元中，就有近</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">半数存在人口流失现象。而随着生产</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要素的区域重组，一些边境城镇的人口</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">外流现象愈发显著，这与国家“安边富民”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的边境政策已然脱节。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/gWuUywccHBjlQG7mNB7BG4mLhpSDBCEG8Q464VfGSgUohYLgX2pEgCjcKw0QxOA9NJUZNBAB57VFLRM2THPA2A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 1em;background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 0.3em 0.8em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">边境城镇更新的框架与策略</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）边境城镇的更新框架</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新最早是第二次世界大战后<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">西方国家为了应对城市蔓延、中心区衰</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">落、人口外迁和社会冲突等问题而提出</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的解决方案。当前，国外城市更新研究</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">已经趋向成熟，主要研究领域集中在旧</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城改造与存量开发、历史文化遗产保护、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更新制度与政策等方面；在价值取向上</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">则较为关注可持续发展、多元主体协同、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">绅士化、公众参与和社区意愿。在我</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国，学者们的研究对象通常为北京、上海、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州和深圳等大城市，极少涉及中小城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">镇和边境城镇，但这些研究集中探讨的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多元协同机制、制度设计、价值导向和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">运营方式等内容，无疑为边境城镇</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更新框架的建构提供了宝贵借鉴。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">根据上文的分析，边境城镇面临三<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方面困境，从其发生作用的传递链条来</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">看，城镇在区域协同分工体系中的定位</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">失效首先引起产业的转移和衰落，进而</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">又引发城镇人口流失、利益主体关系的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">离散与信任缺失，层层递进，并由此进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">入恶性循环。因此，边境城镇更新的关</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">键任务是在于重构城镇职能，融入区域</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">协同分工体系，同时构建多元利益主体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的角色和协同关系(图3)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9360374" data-w="641" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoRu8pDjgxl2DqrlMZNMh2IxsQbj4DRBd24ZClepzf2agaupGRcE3XHQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）区域协作：边境城镇职能定位的重建</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在区域分工层面，边境城镇职能的<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重构是城镇更新和可持续发展的关键。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">边境城镇职能定位的重建旨在使边境城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">镇的发展定位重新符合区域分工的要求，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">并以新的方式参与到区域协作体系中，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其更新活动应围绕职能重建开展，须注</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重两个方面问题。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一是注重从全局出发，充分考虑城<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">镇自身与邻国对应口岸的资源特点，避</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">开边境口岸同质化竞争，以差异化和特</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">色化思路梳理产业方向。对于欠发达地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区而言，集中力量打造边境门户枢纽是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其城镇化和产业化的必经之路，但这一</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">过程也包含了对既有口岸经济系统的解</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">构与重构。因此，整合资源不仅是将原</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有产业基础集结到新的空间，还应当包</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">含对被抽离了核心功能的城镇采取补偿</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">安排或规划统筹。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">二是注重软环境的建设，通过政策<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">引导和监管方式的创新，为培育新业态</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">提供所需的制度空间。边境城镇对监管</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">政策、行政管理和外交关系存在先天的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">依赖，其产业业态的规划与更新必须建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">立在一个非常稳定的基础之上，即边境</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">监管机制和国际关系不断完善与创新并</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">释放出政策红利和提供秩序保障。在边</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境城镇的更新和转型发展中，市场活动</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">容易受到诸多监管和边境规则的限制，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">很难自主地完成产业转型和业态更新。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">因此，只有在优化监管和政策创新的前</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">提下，企业才能自主完善经营活动。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）产业转型：新旧产业体系的重塑</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在产业转型层面，边境城镇面临的<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主要任务是替代性产业体系重建，使其</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">成为可持续的替代性增长方式。这一过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程在于主导产业的重新确立，并使其与</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">原有产业体系进行衔接。首先，职能重</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建决定产业选择，货检职能的外迁意味</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">着边境城镇无法再以大宗物流、商贸或</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">加工业作为主导产业，应顺势而为转向</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发展中小型扁平化业态。目前比较常见</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的做法是借鉴欧洲边境开放开发的经验</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">开展跨境旅游业，围绕边境地区特有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的人文景观资源和跨境旅游体验形成核</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">心吸引力，通过旅游业带动服务业发展。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其次，边境城镇通常具备一定的服务业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基础，但其营业年代较早，服务对象主</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要为物流加工从业人员、客商和边民，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务质量、设施环境水平与现代旅游业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的配套需求不相匹配。此外，大量旧货场、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">仓储等荒废的物流设施和用地成为存量</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">资源，成为新功能的潜在载体。因此，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">须围绕游客心理需求对原有产业进行升</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">级和调整，在保留边境人文风貌特色的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">同时，提高设施使用的便利程度，并最</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">终与新的主导产业融合，形成“以旅带服，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以服促旅”的产业格局。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（四）多元协同：利益主体角色及关系的重构</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">边境城镇多元协同的重点是重塑各<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个主体的角色并建构其合作伙伴关系，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进而修复市场和社会对城镇复苏的信心。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 地方政府。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地方政府在边境城镇更新进程中，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">具备充分的资源统筹力和执行力，能够</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">争取更新所需的支持政策、调整监管措</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">施及调动资源。故其应承担更新的主导</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">职责，实施基础设施更新、综合环境整</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">治和重大触媒项目等建设活动；同时，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">强化更新制度的“秩序保障”，通过协</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">同企业商户、社区等多种社会团体，形</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">成合作网络，开展治理工作。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 企业与商户。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">企业、商户作为边境城镇产业的实<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">际运营方和主要受益者，在更新过程中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">承担产业转型、优化服务的职责，但由</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于边境城镇产业过度依赖政策、监管制</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度和双边环境，其整体业态转型很难由</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">单个企业或商户完成。因此，作为经营</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方的企业商户应建立行业协会与商会，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通过与政府的密切配合，优选试点、以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">点带面、优化经营与服务体系。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 社区与居民。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">居民在边境城镇更新中的主要利益<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">诉求是增加就业机会和改善居住环境。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">因居民以个体形式参与城镇更新的作用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">过于弱小，个体诉求的加总也并不能反</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">映居民群体的公共意愿，故应通过社区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">内部机制的完善形成社区组织，使其成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为居民利益的代理者，以团体组织的身</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">份参与到多元协同机制和决策过程中。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/gWuUywccHBjlQG7mNB7BG4mLhpSDBCEG8Q464VfGSgUohYLgX2pEgCjcKw0QxOA9NJUZNBAB57VFLRM2THPA2A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 1em;background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 0.3em 0.8em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">凭祥市浦寨边贸区的更新实践</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）项目背景与概况</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">浦寨边贸区位于凭祥市南部中越交<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">界，与越南新清口岸相对，距离凭祥市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区13km，距越南首都河内160km，距</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">离友谊关仅5km，曾是戍边南疆的边关</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大寨，现状为中越边境线上活跃的边民</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">互市点，也是凭祥市主要进出口通道之一，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">两国边民在此进行频繁的贸易往来和货物</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">流通。浦寨边贸区四面环山，呈东西方向</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">沿谷地展开，面积约为57.34hm2。边贸</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区内曾设置海关、检验检疫等关检机构，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以红木、水果、玉石等商品的进口、加</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">工和贸易闻名，为浦寨带来了大量的通</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">勤和商贸人员；物流、商贸、服务业与</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">娱乐行业发达，在当地有“不夜城”之</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">称(图4)。经过用地梳理，浦寨更新将</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在总体更新方案的基础上，针对6个重</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">点地块进行调整优化(表1)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6630094" data-w="638" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISozicNSUFmvXvLTlIw3csqibuDy1sIPLTCoYFEKEupyabUXZPLD9ibJBKiaQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4024961" data-w="641" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoFMmqhsib6kt5I0cwsOYr43dBYkkicM1Mzp3g7I8EAT7p9YAGUcGIZxrQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">近年来，随着我国开放开发的力度<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">加大，凭祥市的边境战略地位逐步提高。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其不断整合各类资源打造边境门户枢纽，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">并逐步完善各类边境基础设施的建设，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">如成功申报国家综合保税区和自由贸易</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">试验区分片区，以及建设中国—东盟边</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境贸易国检试验区、红木文化博览商贸</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城和东盟水果交易中心等，并在友谊关、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">浦寨和弄怀建设专用的出入境货运通道。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">经过数年的积累和开拓，凭祥市成为广</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">西进出口货物量排名第一的县区级行政</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">单位，边境小额贸易额也位列全国第一，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是广西面向东盟国家的陆路门户枢纽城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市。正是在这一背景下，浦寨面临着巨</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大的机遇和挑战：如何重新融入边境门</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">户枢纽的区域协同分工体系。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）浦寨边贸区的衰退与发展困境</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 核心职能剥离与配套功能退化。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">浦寨边贸区曾具备的三类主要城镇<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">职能均被剥离，致使相应的关联配套功</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能弱化：首先，海关、检验检疫等货物</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">监管职能外迁至国检试验区，货物需在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">货场排队等待查验过关，配套的前置场</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">所也随之迁移，浦寨边贸区内部由企业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">运营的货场随之衰落；其次，红木、水</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">果等主要商品的商铺和展销场所外迁至</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">专业市场，使得浦寨边贸区的大宗商品</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">贸易职能被剥离，商户迁移后，原有的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规模效益逐渐丧失，浦寨边贸区内的商</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业空间随之衰落，为商户、游客、货车</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">司机提供服务的餐饮住宿和休闲娱乐产</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业也随之衰退；最后，专用出入境货运</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通道建成通车，虽然解决了浦寨边贸区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">内的交通拥堵问题，但是随着客货流的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">消失，为货运车辆提供维修的汽修行业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">也岌岌可危。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 物流商贸就业人口快速流失。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">浦寨边贸区的常住人口构成分为三</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">类：一是当地居民，主要为浦寨屯和蒲</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">荷屯两个城中村的村民，共计约150人，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大多从事与商贸、物流和配套服务相关</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的行业；二是从事商贸服务业的外来商</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">户；三是短期停留的通勤人员，主要为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">游客和货车司机等。根据笔者的走访调</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">查，在凭祥综合保税区、国检试验区、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">红木城和水果城等功能组团逐步建成后，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">两个村屯的居民人口结构尚未发生明显</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">变化，但就业人口的流失却十分显著，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从事红木、水果贸易的客商减少近半；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">物流行业人员流失最为严重，由于关检</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">机制改革，货物通关所需时间由2～3</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">天缩短至2～3小时，货车司机当天即</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可返回，基本不需要过夜；故而从事餐</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">饮住宿业和娱乐服务的人员也随之大幅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">减少。此外，政府通过行政措施转移了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">固有发展资源，也导致了部分商户对政</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">府有不同程度的不信任，进而采取撤资、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">外迁等止损措施，加剧了浦寨边贸区的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衰退。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">总的来看，在市区层面，各类“流”<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和资源的重组整合有利于集中优势资源，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">打造边境经济增长极—各口岸的进出口</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">货物量、通关人员等数据逐年上升，集</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中建设的专业市场优化了商贸交易环境。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在失去核心职能后，高效率运转的边境</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通道对浦寨边贸区并无太多助益，而核</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">心职能的迁移也在一定程度上打击了当</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地商户的市场信心，成为浦寨边贸区更</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">新的另一个难题。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）更新规划策略</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.职能定位与区域协同</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">凭祥市具有多个政策平台叠加的优<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">势，边境经济合作区、国家重点开发开</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">放试验区、跨境经济合作区和国家自由</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">贸易试验区等七大平台在凭祥市重叠。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">根据各类组合政策的方向，浦寨边贸区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发展可适当扩大开放和创新监管。根据</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中越双边城镇的基础条件，浦寨边贸区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">具备一定的商业服务和休闲娱乐基础，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能够承担旅游接待服务功能；而越南新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">清口岸的法越风格城镇景观、佛教寺庙、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">同登庙会节庆民俗及互市赶集活动等边</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境人文景观资源具备较强的旅游吸引力，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">双边城镇功能互补。规划提出以文化旅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">游为导向，建设中越跨境旅游合作先行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">试验区，共同打造具有东盟特色与风情</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的综合贸易旅游区，以“一线放开、二</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">线管住”为政策引导，将边境贸易和跨</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境旅游作为浦寨边贸区的主要职能；允</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">许游客在两国协商划定的一定范围内自</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">由活动，新增跨境自驾游接待服务功能。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通过这一政策创新，浦寨边贸区借势越</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">南新清的人文景观资源，将边境旅游升</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">级为跨境旅游，避开了边境口岸的同质</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化竞争，也为口岸功能枢纽区和其他城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">镇提供服务配套，重新参与区域协作。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.产业转型与业态升级</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从职能目标导向出发，项目团队就<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">边境旅游进行了网络问卷调查，经过梳</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理有效的1156份问卷可知，受访者普遍</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">认为边境旅游的主要吸引点和兴趣点在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于边境人文景观(72.8%)、自然风光(47%)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和边境美食(36.1%)，而与之相关联的风</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">俗艺术表演、民俗节庆活动、美食城、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">步行街和边贸集市等业态也很受青睐。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">根据“升级已有、补全不足、淘汰不适”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的原则，规划筛选那些与边境商贸、文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化旅游商贸相关联匹配的业态类型，对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">浦寨的原有业态进行升级、补全和优化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">(表2)，使之与游客需求相匹配。与此同</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时，针对遗留的红木、水果和半成品玉</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">石等传统商品贸易，规划提出转型升级</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">引导策略，将原有的批发贸易转型为面</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">向游客的精细零售，增加跨境商品体验、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">跨境电商等功能，以多样化的复合业态</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">组合向游客提供完备的跨境购物体验。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5498442" data-w="642" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoZ6ck9WS92SDTtPGTyiceuWrH3f8BBrpSqz7ARAxhwptOl7Q3ZYxeeUg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.利益主体协同重构</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">浦寨边贸区大量商户和企业的外迁，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不仅撕裂了原有的社会结构，还严重打</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">击了市场对经济复苏的信心，加剧了企</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业与商户对地方政府的不信任。因此，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重构利益主体关系协同机制的核心在于</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重新建立政府与企业、商户的相互合作</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和信任，同时与边贸区社区建立共治体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">系。在更新实践中，尽管地方政府、企</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业商户及居民都认同浦寨边贸区的复兴</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">需要各方共同努力，但地方政府具备更</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">强的主动权、行动力和话语权，显然是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更有优势的一方，应当承担更多的责任，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">积极推动双边政策的探索、区域资源的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">调配及监管措施的创新。货场企业拥有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的存量土地占浦寨边贸区可更新用地的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">七成之多，是浦寨边贸区承担新职能的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主要空间载体，但作为土地更新的主要</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">投资者，企业多持谨慎观望态度，并更</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">加注重更新的可行性和政府的项目投入；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">众多个体商户是业态优化与服务升级的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">根基，小商户随势而动、运转灵活，但</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">力量弱小，依赖政府引导和企业带动。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">浦寨屯、蒲荷屯村民既是原住民，也是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">商贸物流从业者，其主要诉求是完善村</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">庄居住条件和增加就业岗位。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">由于政策是影响边境城镇兴衰的首<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要因素，为使政策和行政措施的优势实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">现最大化，浦寨边贸区更新中各利益主</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体协同关系重构的要点体现为各主体参</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与方式和协同关系的动态调整：①在更</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">新的近期和中期，建立“政府主导、各</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方参与”的更新协同平台，突出政府主</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">导的综合统筹能力，依托原国有口岸功</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能建筑的拆旧腾退用地，通过打造触媒</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">型文旅项目、环境综合整治等措施，扭</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">转经济下滑态势；改善软硬环境，重新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">树立商户和居民的信心。②在远期逐步</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">将协同机制转向“市场主导、政府协调、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多方共治”，协助货场企业完成存量用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地更新，引导企业和商户建立行业协会，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规范市场行为，促进服务升级，进一步</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发挥企业和商户在价值创造方面的能动</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性；地方政府的行政活动由项目主导转</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">向服务协调，并逐步将权力下放给边贸</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区管委会，同时协助浦寨屯和蒲荷屯共</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">同组建社区委员会，开展社区治理工作。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（四）动态更新实施步骤</p></section><section style="height: 2px;width: 100%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">浦寨边贸区仅剩余少量地块可用于<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">再开发，其空间环境更新的主要措施是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对存量地块的功能用途的调整。因此，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主要选择小规模、渐进式和分阶段的更</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">新路径，其要点在于两个方面：一是对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">存量调整利益进行再分配和平衡，最大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化项目的外延收益；二是注重更新进程</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的可实施性和弹性，不断通过项目效益</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">强化企业和商户对复兴的信心。为此，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划提出“空间渐进、时序分段”的实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">施理念，首先对片区存量土地和闲置用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地进行了详细摸排，重点梳理土地权属</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和利益相关者的意愿，根据建设目标进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行利益平衡；其次，规划提出近期、中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">期和远期各个阶段的更新措施；最后，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分阶段对片区内6 个主要存量地块共计</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">21.17hm2的用地进行更新(表3，图5)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7928349" data-w="642" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoe0N4M1Ku2Hia9p2s45yxbnulaqyh8YmmWyQiaTfHE3NuqhrtuokOu3Rw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7429467" data-w="638" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoSoaMIhQdWbjSbrF7Anv1LuulPF7UcW1SHntEaVqV9dejkP5V3iaeJ5Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 近期措施。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">争取“一线放开、二线关注”政策<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的落地，优先建立两国跨境旅游合作先</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行试验区，实施环境整治与基础设施提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">升，重塑旅游与营商环境，引导货场利</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用原有建筑植入新的功能，以较低的成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本进行业态调整。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 中期措施。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在跨境旅游合作区的基础上探索跨<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境自驾游的监管措施，建立自驾游服务</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基地；利用国有土地重点建设触媒型文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化旅游项目，提升重点区域建筑风貌，提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">升旅游接待服务；完善道路交通系统；小</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规模引导企业存量地块进行更新。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 远期措施。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">强化浦寨的文化交流与旅游商贸功<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能，进一步引导企业存量用地向该类功</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能调整，如增设中小型会展建筑、剧场</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和文化商业街区；注重社区级公共设施</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的补充完善，开展村庄整治，设置社区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务中心、幼儿园和消防站等。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/gWuUywccHBjlQG7mNB7BG4mLhpSDBCEG8Q464VfGSgUohYLgX2pEgCjcKw0QxOA9NJUZNBAB57VFLRM2THPA2A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-bottom: -10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 6px;margin-left: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;margin: auto;height: 16px;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 6px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;margin: auto;height: 16px;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -5px;width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="border-left: 5px solid rgb(255, 222, 3);border-bottom: 5px solid rgb(255, 222, 3);border-top-color: rgb(255, 222, 3);border-right-color: rgb(255, 222, 3);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);padding: 10px 10px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">结语</strong></p></section></section><section style="margin-left: auto;margin-top: -5px;width: 5px;height: 5px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(226, 226, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(226, 226, 226) 0px 16px 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文着眼于边境门户枢纽区域协同<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重构背景下边境城镇的转型危机问题，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在分析边境城镇的历史演化、现状态势</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和发展困境的基础上，认为门户枢纽区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">域的协同分工体系重构是边境城镇功能</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衰退的主要诱因，只有重建城镇职能才</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">能融入边境门户枢纽中。因此，本文提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">出在政策创新引导下，以城镇职能定位</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和区域协同关系重构为核心的边境城镇</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更新框架和策略，并结合凭祥市浦寨边</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">贸区的更新规划实践进行详细阐述，以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">期为其他边境城镇的更新发展提供参考。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值得注意的是，在移动互联网和5G 通信</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">技术广泛应用的将来，物流、商贸及旅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">游业亦将发生深刻变化，为边境城镇带</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">来更多挑战和机遇。应对这些更复杂的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不确定因素，还需要更多的理论探讨和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实证探索。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/gWuUywccHBjlQG7mNB7BG4mLhpSDBCEG8Q464VfGSgUohYLgX2pEgCjcKw0QxOA9NJUZNBAB57VFLRM2THPA2A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(181, 180, 180);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -5px 0% 5px;transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(252, 221, 93);padding: 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(100, 100, 100);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2019年20期《规划师》杂志</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(181, 180, 180);height: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(100, 100, 100);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(100, 100, 100);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">审读：刘芳</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 5px;background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: white;padding: 10px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2019年20期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong>面向区域协同的边境城镇更新框架与策略——以凭祥市浦寨边贸区为例<strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;">》</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 24px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> <section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;margin-left: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 100%;margin: -12px 0px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(227, 43, 107);box-sizing: border-box;">声明</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社微信公众订阅号（ID：）为非盈利新媒体平台，所有转发的非原创图文来源于互联网及新媒体渠道，如果所转发图文作者或其他版权所有人认为违反了您的权益，请告知我们，我们会在24小时内删除。</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-top: 1em;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> <section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-top: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section> <section style="float: right;margin-top: -2px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-bottom: 1px;margin-left: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-left: 8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;margin-top: -8px;margin-right: 18px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 24px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/gWuUywccHBjlQG7mNB7BG4mLhpSDBCEG8Q464VfGSgUohYLgX2pEgCjcKw0QxOA9NJUZNBAB57VFLRM2THPA2A/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-top: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-bottom-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-top: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-bottom-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;color: transparent;clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-radius: 6px;overflow-wrap: break-word;box-sizing: border-box;margin: -13px 3px;padding: 12px;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 80%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.605042" data-w="357" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoibwNGOl5Y5ia05svtib0yDbLcgEXWA7ExUx5ia90Mucic9Ga5ibBQ4uHopGg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">识别图中二维码进入微店购买《规划师》杂志</p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="850" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISo6xFIvHGibat7Jian9yhs1JUlwVTmOKx6z9ib8xCrfTjZibbicmibQqiajhvJg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.2962963" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISoGGayEicwzATKLA27NFZPOUX2ibTb170x9koSnU7fpT8ROxtdpLcYjd3g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 8px 0% 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(197, 36, 36);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社                                    </p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 2px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮编：530029</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">电话：0771-2438012</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">传真：0771-2436269</p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 80%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8518519" data-w="837" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhzpHXMwic6ygc9ZGxgaPISo6nUCYNnOxYcibalULpxlOoaYATOicIvQc6F14LKV8yrtFoPznuls0ndw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-top-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right: 6px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-top-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><p><br  /></p>
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