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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;overflow: hidden;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 4em;height: 4em;border-radius: 50%;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUKf234gEib7O8eyptxfGulyxGI1TSV59RZj6YtTmkshQzeWY2s9l1K7Q/640?wx_fmt=png");overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"> <img data-ratio="0.9409091" data-w="220" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUKf234gEib7O8eyptxfGulyxGI1TSV59RZj6YtTmkshQzeWY2s9l1K7Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-left: 1.2em;margin-top: -1.2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;white-space: nowrap;overflow: hidden;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;height: 2em;margin-left: 1em;border-bottom-left-radius: 1em;border-left: 1px solid rgb(27, 117, 16);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(27, 117, 16);max-width: 85% !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 1.5em;line-height: 1.5;padding-right: 0.5em;font-size: 11px;color: rgb(56, 30, 5);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">点击蓝字关注公众号</p></section></section><section style="float: left;width: 5%;margin-left: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;margin-top: 1.82em;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 1px 0%;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 16px;padding: 5px;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 18px;height: 18px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(28, 117, 16);"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 6px;padding-right: 8px;height: 18px;line-height: 18px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本期主题：创新导向的城市更新</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[主持人语]</p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 2px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-indent: 2em;">随着全球化、城市化及现代化进程的不断推进，我国城市发展方式也在不断发生着变化。经济上，以信息<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">技术为引领的创新产业成为新一轮经济增长的关键动力；空间上，城市更新也正在逐渐取代外延扩张，成为城市空间开</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发的主要形式。城市更新项目在区位与建成环境上更符合创新型企业的需求，而创新业态的注入也能进一步丰富城市更</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新的内涵，城市更新与创新产业之间形成了高度耦合，以创新为主题的城市更新实践正成为新趋势。基于此，本期“专</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">题研究”栏目以“创新导向的城市更新”为主题，围绕创新导向下的城市更新内涵变迁以及规划应对等议题展开探讨，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以期为读者们探索创新发展与城市更新相结合的路径和方法提供有益参考。</span></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[主持人简介]</p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(112, 109, 109);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 0em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邱衍庆，博士，注册城乡规划师，广东省城市规划协会理事长，广东省城乡规划设计研究院院长。</p><p style="text-indent: 0em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">黄鼎曦，博士，教授级高级工程师，广州市城市规划协会副会长兼秘书长。</p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding: 0px 3px;text-align: center;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 2.6em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);margin-top: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2em;height: 2em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;border-left: 0.2em solid rgb(27, 117, 16);border-bottom: 0.2em solid rgb(27, 117, 16);background-color: transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;padding: 3px 0px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(224, 224, 224);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(224, 224, 224);border-right-color: rgb(224, 224, 224);border-left-color: rgb(224, 224, 224);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">【专题研究1】</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州城市更新与空间创新实践及策略</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(104, 175, 201);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(56, 30, 5);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室教授、博士生导师王世福，华南理工大学建筑学院博士研究生张晓阳，华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室副教授费彦在《规划师》2019年第20期撰文，城市更新与空间创新具有形式和内涵的关系，城市更新支撑空间创新的需求，空间创新丰富城市更新的内涵。在规划转型及创新引领发展的背景下，城市更新类型日益多元，空间创新活动日渐丰富。广州是国内城市更新的先锋阵地，也是空间创新的前沿地区，具有两者融合的典型性和代表性。文章以广州民生改善型的既有住宅加装电梯、功能提升型的既有建筑改变用途和传承再生型的历史街区微改造为例，分析、总结基于空间创新的城市更新实践中存在的制度“创新性”和“滞后性”，并以服务空间创新为导向，从规则优化、程序完善和制度保障层面提出面向城市更新的创新策略。</p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;height: 5px;background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgb(27, 117, 16), rgba(255, 247, 234, 0)) white;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]城市更新；空间创新；制度创新；广州</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文章编号]1006-0022(2019)20-0046-07</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[中图分类号]TU984　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文献标识码]B</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[引文格式]王世福，张晓阳，费彦．广州城市更新与空间创新实践及策略[J]．规划师，2019(20)：46-52.</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/wdLBQhLxpiaBhECiazUnDGAUToUTsph75XRFI9p1wq4o556GZTozkUqE2JlicN3blV223WpmbUCsA9pQ4vuMTuRvg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 城市更新发展与空间创新</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">“单一”到“多元”：城市更新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发展历程及趋势</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在西方语境下，城市更新源于第二<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">次世界大战后欧洲及北美等国家城市中</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">心城区的物质性重建。经历了20世纪50</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">年代的“城市重建”(Urban Reconstruction)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">、60年代的“城市活化”(Urban </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">Revitalisation)、70年代的“城市更</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">新”(Urban Renewal)、80年代的“城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">再开发”(Urban Redevelopment) 以及</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">90年代的“城市复兴”(Urban Regeneration)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">等演进过程，城市复兴的涵义</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">远远超出对个别项目物质环境改造的初</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">始目的，关注点逐渐转向整个城市的经</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">济、社会和生活质量改善等范畴。英</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国著名学者Peter Roberts 在其代表作</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">《城市更新手册》(Urban Regeneration:</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">A Handbook)中将“城市更新”定义为“综</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">合性、整合性的愿景与行动，旨在解决</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">城市问题，并努力实现特定地区的经济、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">物质、社会和环境条件的持续改进”，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">受到了普遍认可。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在我国，城市更新实践与中华人民<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共和国成立后的城市建设交织发展。在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">计划经济时代，面对大量的城市破败区、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">匮乏的基础设施及有限的人力物力，城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市建设围绕工业生产开展旧城区的改造，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">“多、快、好、省”地建设城市基础设</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">施。由于缺乏系统全面的城市规划引导，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市建设遗留下大量的历史问题。改</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">革开放后，城市建设向市场开放并转向</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务于“地方经济”，在资本的驱动下</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大规模推进“旧城改造”工作，这种大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">拆大建的改造模式对城市社会结构、文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化传承产生了消极的影响，引起了政府</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及社会公众对城市更新方式的反思。在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">此背景下，陈占祥先生提出“新陈代谢”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理论，吴良镛先生提出“有机更新”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理论，奠定了城市更新以小规模、渐</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进式为主导，多种方式并存的基调。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">现阶段，随着社会经济的发展，城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市更新的方式、主体和价值取向等日益</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">复杂、多元。一方面，城市更新不再仅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是单一模式的“拆除重建”，还包含了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">综合整治、功能改变的更新活动。相应</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的，政府、市场和公众等力量越来越多</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地参与其中，共同构成城市更新的主体。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">另一方面，城市居民在政治、文化、社</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">会和生态等方面的需求日益增长，促使</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新更加注重城市的内在价值，城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市更新由“经济利益”导向逐渐转向实</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">现“经济、社会、文化多元价值”的过程。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">“空间创新”：城市创新发展的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">重要支撑</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">创新是引领发展的第一动力，是实<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">现国家及城市可持续发展的重要保证。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2015年，我国先后提出“双创战略”和“五</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大发展理念”等，“创新”成为建设现代</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化经济体系的战略支撑。“创新之道，唯</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在得人”，人才是支撑创新发展的第一资</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">源，满足人才需求，留住人才是促进城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">创新的关键环节。在传统发展模式下，城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市提供廉价的要素吸引企业，企业吸引就</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业和人才，形成“企业吸引人”的人才引</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进模式；在现代发展模式下，城市提供优</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">质的生活设施和公共服务设施吸引人才，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">人才吸引资本、企业，形成“环境吸引人”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的人才引进模式。因此，城市能否留</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">住人才的关键在于环境创新(图1)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4760433" data-w="647" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUbxt69braqNdPMokLR5UZ6IHJ1OkWsjqKPw8zr2ibKiaibStMTDribVaJVw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间创新是实现城市以环境吸引人</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的重要路径，既包括建设全新的创意空</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间以容纳新兴业态和功能，也包括不断</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">调整、优化既有建成环境，再定义所承</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">载的功能及活动。其中，基于既有建成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">环境的空间创新具有社会、经济和文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">等层面的积极意义。在社会层面，建成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">环境空间创新可以完善建筑使用功能、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">改善生活方式，有利于提升城市宜居水</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平；在经济层面，基于低成本再利用的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间创新，有利于营造创新活动空间，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">孵化创新产业；在文化层面，空间创新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可以活化建成遗产、适应文化偏好，有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利于推动地方文化与时俱进。近年来，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市中越来越多的传统历史建筑、工业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建筑被改造成文创空间、长租公寓和“网</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">红”民宿等场所，便是空间创新在文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">层面的价值体现。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">“融合发展”：城市更新与空间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">创新的关系</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本质上，城市更新是以城市建成环<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境为作用对象，通过政策和实践整合，引</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">导城市建成环境活化提升，解决城市问题，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实现城市修补的过程。在规划转型的背景</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">下，城市更新的作用日益凸显，并逐渐成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为一种更具社会性的空间现象，可见于城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市的日常生活。空间创新是以城市空间为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">载体，不断调整、优化空间中的功能及活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">动的行为，是创新经济时代赋予城市空</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间新活力，实现空间在社会、经济和文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化等层面的创新利用与发展的重要方式。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在创新引领发展的背景下，空间创新逐</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">渐向城市中的各种空间类型渗透。因此，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">两者必然走向融合且相互影响。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新与空间创新具有形式和内</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">涵的关系，将两者融合作为城市发展、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">品质提升的持续内源性动力，是非常有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">价值的思考。在城市更新的作用下，城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市建成环境可承载新的功能及活动，支</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">撑城市空间创新的需求；反过来，灵活</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多变的空间创新也促使城市更新形式不</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">断进化发展，驱动城市更新策略优化。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/wdLBQhLxpiaBhECiazUnDGAUToUTsph75XRFI9p1wq4o556GZTozkUqE2JlicN3blV223WpmbUCsA9pQ4vuMTuRvg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 基于空间创新的广州城市更新实践</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为适应更加集约、高效的发展转型，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">新一版《广州市城市总体规划(2017—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2035)》提出“严控总量、逐步减量，精</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">准配置，提质增效”的要求。可以预见，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新将是广州在未来规划期限内发</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">展面临的“新常态”。作为国内城镇化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">率最高的省会城市，广州目前已开展了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">大量的城市更新实践和空间创新活动，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">具有两者融合的典型性和代表性。因此，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文结合城市民生改善、经济提升和文</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化传承等热点话题，选取广州既有住宅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">加装电梯、既有建筑改变用途和历史街</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区微改造三种典型更新活动展开论述。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">民生改善型城市更新——以既有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">住宅加装电梯为例</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改善民生是城市更新的核心任务，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体现了空间创新在社会层面的积极作用。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面向城市既有的建成环境，广州通过城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市更新实践完善建筑使用功能，改善市民</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生活方式，有效支撑空间创新行为。以既</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有住宅加装电梯为例，广州积极探索民生</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">改善型城市更新与空间创新的融合。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为支持和规范既有住宅增设电梯的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建设与管理，广州自2008年起陆续推出</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">政策指引，于2016年发布《广州市既有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">住宅增设电梯办法》和《广州市既有住宅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">增设电梯技术规程》等政策文件，在全国</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">率先明确以“双三分之二”作为既有住</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">宅增设电梯的基本条件。为解决既有住宅</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">加装电梯程序复杂和资金制约的问题，各</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区成立加装电梯服务中心提供“一站式服</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">务”，并给予申请获批的业主一梯10万～</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">15万元的补偿。为加强广大市民进一步了</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">解加装电梯政策，广州市规划管理部门编</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">制出台加装电梯宣传手册及宣传动画，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">定期组织社区规划师、志愿者走进街道、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">深入社区，宣传、普及加装电梯的相关知</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">识，推动加装电梯工作共建共享。经过近</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">10年的探索，广州已逐渐形成“顶层支持—</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">中层主导—基层协调”的加装电梯技术和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管理创新模式(图2)，以精细化技术指引，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">合理化程序设定，支持多元主体共治；同</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时，充分发挥基层协调作用，通过多渠道</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">政策宣传，推广加装电梯经验。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8869565" data-w="345" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUjJ9Acf5mGSib23v5KBdnM6icozgeiaT2smU3U7LcWP2D0DADZXAib0cEEw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">功能提升型城市更新——以既有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建筑改变用途为例</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市建成环境提升功能再利用，释<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">放土地价值是城市更新的动力来源，也</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是经济层面空间创新的重要承载。广州</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">依托城市中的小尺度建成环境，营造低</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">成本空间，孵化创新产业，集聚创新要</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">素，适应市场多样化需求，有效提升城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市经济活力。以既有建筑改变用途为例，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州开展了功能提升型城市更新与空间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">创新融合的实践探索。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为支持既有建筑改变用途，广州自<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">2001年开始对住宅建筑改变使用功能的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管理方式进行探索，于2012年发布《关</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于解决生产经营场所场地证明若干问题</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的意见》，创新性提出“引导区”内“临</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时经营场所使用证明制度”，由属地镇</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">政府、街道办事处出具改变用途“临时</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">许可”；2017年发布《广州市人民政</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">府关于提升城市更新水平促进节约集约</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用地的实施意见》，允许旧厂房兴办新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产业、新业态建设有5 年过渡期。为有</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">效规避更新改造的负外部性，广州天河</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区率先建立“街区城市设计顾问制度”，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">聘任专家顾问服务街道管理部门，对各</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个街区旧物业改造提升工作提供技术支</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">持。目前，针对既有建筑改变用途，广</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">州初步建立了“政策指引—街道主导—专</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">家论证”的管理创新模式(图3)，基于“包</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">容性”“过渡态”的创新理念，以“临</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时许可”“街区城市设计顾问制度”等</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">方式盘活城市“旧城、旧厂、旧村”中</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">的低效物业，促进城市产业转型升级。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9525316" data-w="316" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUyJZvEkicE88guiaQa5VpL9U6B5T96bLegZB3uc2NickhlJzLMbSVgDY5g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">传承再生型城市更新——以历史</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">街区微改造为例</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">历史街区的传承再生是突出地方特<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">色、传承文明和延续文化的重要手段，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">也是文化层面空间创新的重要支撑。历</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">史街区微改造是广州激发老城区新活力</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的积极探索，其在提升老城区物质环</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境和文化影响力的同时，引入创新业态，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">适应现代年轻群体对消费空间的需求。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2015年，广州成立国内首个城市更<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">新局，出台《广州市城市更新办法》及</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其配套文件，提出微改造的城市更新方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">式。2016年，广州荔湾区以永庆片区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">微改造为试点，制定了《永庆片区微改</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">造建设导则》和《永庆片区微改造社区</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业态控制导则》，赋予了永庆片区微改</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">造“建成区特别许可”，并采用“政府</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">主导，企业承办，居民参与”的BOT模</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">式，给予运营商15年经营权，运营众创</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">办公、教育营地和长租公寓等。为促</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进历史街区的共同缔造，在二期更新改</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">造中，荔湾区组织成立广州旧城更新首</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个公众参与平台——“恩宁路历史文化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">街区共同缔造委员会”，建立先征求意</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">见再实施的改造路径，落实“问计于民、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">问需于民”的政策要求。永庆坊微改造</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">凸显了历史街区城市更新实践中的模式</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">创新和角色创新(图4)：在建设不增量</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">的前提下，引入运营商，赋予开发权，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">是对管理模式和运营模式的创新；在历</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">史街区更新改造中成立公众参与平台，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">听取在场利益相关者意见，是对多元主</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">体角色和作用的重新定义。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8975155" data-w="322" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUj5PBBw44c7k5qCmIQclveaxoLHSwH4M7N1Lra0ib6ZpmuaSFmQqaoDg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（四）广州城市更新实践中的制度创新</p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在经济学领域，“制度”最初被定<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">义为“一系列被制定出来的规则、守法</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程序和行为的道德伦理规范”，旨在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">约束追求主体福利或效用最大化利益的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">个人行为，包括法律、规范和政策等正</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">式( 强制) 规则，以及禁忌、道德和习俗</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">等非正式规则。制度创新(又称“制</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度变迁”) 是“制度创立、变更及随时间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">变化而被打破的方式”，是制度主体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">解决制度短缺问题，从而扩大制度供给</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以获得潜在收益的行为。从广州城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更新实践及成效看，目前进行的多种类</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">型的创新探索可归结为广州城市更新的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">“制度创新”，体现为规则创新、程序</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">创新和制度安排三个方面。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="height: 15px;margin-left: 5px;transform: rotate(30deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(30deg);-moz-transform: rotate(30deg);-o-transform: rotate(30deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-top-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-left-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);margin-right: 13px;margin-top: -3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规则创新：放宽准入，政策体系</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">匹配城市更新需求</span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规则创新是广州城市更新实践的前<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">提。广州始终保持“先试先行”的实践</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">精神，将城市更新实践经验上升到政策</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">层面，及时编制、调整适应性政策体系，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">支持、指引和约束更新活动，激发城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">改造活力。一方面，针对企业及个人的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">自主更新行为，规划管理部门制定各项</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">创新政策，放宽准入条件，让城市中合</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理的更新实践“做得成”；另一方面，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">针对更新实践引起的负外部性，制定各</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">项操作指引，约束更新改造行为，让“做</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">得成”的更新实践“做得好”。目前，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州先于国家层面，已初步建立了“法</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规—政策—操作指引”的城市更新制度</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体系( 表1)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.721875" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUz297FyjTj6Kub4nBKlxe5cZs3s6MkbUT7LpRg8IUPgl2uNZZQuOWjQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="height: 15px;margin-left: 5px;transform: rotate(30deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(30deg);-moz-transform: rotate(30deg);-o-transform: rotate(30deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-top-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-left-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);margin-right: 13px;margin-top: -3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程序创新：事权下放，简化城市</span></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新管理程序</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">程序创新是应对城市更新管理程序<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">问题的有效途径。面向城市中量多面广的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更新活动，广州市级城市规划主管部门将</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">部分审批权纵向赋予区级和镇街级规划</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管理部门，并制定了创新性许可制度，如</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">由区级规划管理部门审批加装电梯规划许</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可，提供城市建成区“特别许可”，以及</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">由镇街级规划管理部门出具改变用途“临</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">时许可”等，从而有效简化规划管理程序，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">缩短城市更新的周期。针对更新过程中因</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产生负外部性而引起利害关系人反对的问</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">题，建立“协商前置”管理程序，如规</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">定加装电梯应当经过业主协商，方可进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行规划报建。通过程序创新，可以有效</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">降低更新过程中的交易成本(表2)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3502377" data-w="631" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUSuTicyeGV0Fr3RygY4bxsMoocWUzm3ibpx93LbAQzS94CvqfcRmCl5Zg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;" powered-by="gulangu"><br  /></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="height: 15px;margin-left: 5px;transform: rotate(30deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(30deg);-moz-transform: rotate(30deg);-o-transform: rotate(30deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-top-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-left-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);margin-right: 13px;margin-top: -3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">制度安排：专业支持，提升城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更新管理水平和参与能力</span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">制度安排是城市更新实施的重要保<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">障。在广州的城市更新实践中，专家顾</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">问、媒体代表、居民和NGO 等多元社会</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">力量均参与其中，提升了不同层级的管</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理水平和参与能力。一方面，利用所在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地区高等院校、科研院所的专业优势，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州积极制定“地区城市总设计师”“街</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区城市设计顾问”等制度，为各级规划</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">管理部门提供专业服务，提升城市更新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">管理水平。另一方面，鼓励社区规划师、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">志愿者等为城市更新提供社会服务，强</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">化在场利益主体的参与能力和表达能力，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">促进多元主体达成一致的意识形态，这</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">对城市更新工作至关重要(表3)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.315625" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUpwvpODMk4ercJR8IHGyUXE9UKVnq5Revh9pCwwqiaCWfuiab9IVz9I5g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/wdLBQhLxpiaBhECiazUnDGAUToUTsph75XRFI9p1wq4o556GZTozkUqE2JlicN3blV223WpmbUCsA9pQ4vuMTuRvg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新实践面临的制约与</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“滞后性”</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以制度创新支持城市更新中的空间<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">创新，广州的实践经验值得进一步推广，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">但不可否认，当前其城市更新实践仍面</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">临复杂多样的制约因素。以城市更新支</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">撑空间创新，广州城市更新实践同样需</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要正视发展的“滞后性”，保持制度创新，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">消除制约因素。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新实践面临的本体制约和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">客体制约</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="height: 15px;margin-left: 5px;transform: rotate(30deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(30deg);-moz-transform: rotate(30deg);-o-transform: rotate(30deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-top-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-left-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);margin-right: 13px;margin-top: -3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.本体制约</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">由于城市建成环境本体存在物质性<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">缺陷，导致无法正常进行城市更新活动，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">即为本体之约。城市中大量有更新需求</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的既有建筑受建设时期财力、物力和管</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理能力所限，存在建设标准低、外部周</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">边环境不合标等缺陷，在申请改造时因</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不符合现行的消防、日照等技术标准而</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">受到制约。此外，在当前规划管理制度下，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不具有合法产权证明的物业同样面临城</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市更新管理程序壁垒(表4)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4194053" data-w="639" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUr5gHtjmDxiaG1wGQaxBVAC8mS2JetkdoiboL5lh89kZt2e5aAFq8fK2w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="height: 15px;margin-left: 5px;transform: rotate(30deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(30deg);-moz-transform: rotate(30deg);-o-transform: rotate(30deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-top-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-right-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);border-left-color: rgb(219, 219, 219);margin-right: 13px;margin-top: -3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.客体制约</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">因外部条件存在缺陷，导致城市更<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">新过程受阻，即为客体制约。一方面，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市建成环境更新需求日益多元，更新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">改造缺乏系统性技术指引，存在更新行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为“无章可循”的现象。另一方面，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更新管理程序仍不完善，缺乏有效的论</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">证、监管。更新行为一旦避开报建或工</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程竣工验收，便会失去有效的控制和监</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管，因此现实中频繁出现无报建、无许可，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以及影响周边环境的建设行为。此外，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">周边居民等利益相关者的反对意见往往</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是关键制约因素、负外部性承担和利益</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">预期不对等，以及主观情感上的排斥等，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">都增加了城市更新中社会协调的难度。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新实践面临的技术、管理</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和制度“滞后性”</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新实践面临的多重制约揭示<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">了当前社会发展与城市物质增长之间的内</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在匹配度仍然较低，社会发展在技术、管</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">理和制度等方面的供给存在滞后性。在技</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">术体系供给方面，国内现行的技术标准、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规范大多形成于计划性城市建设背景下，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">而让其服务于新的增量逻辑，面向建成环</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">境中复杂的空间关系，必然存在适用性局</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">限。在管理能力供给方面，现阶段的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新管理主要集中在规划管理部门</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的审批、许可环节，仍停留在精英意</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">识主导下的内部操作，弱化了更新管理</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的作用和价值。在制度安排供给方面，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">制度安排滞后于公众参与意愿的有效组</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">织与实现，城市更新中的公众参与对当</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">前的制度安排形成挑战，一方面需要考</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">虑如何消除或补偿更新改造的负外部性，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">另一方面需要规范在场主体争取和交换</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利益的方式，以更好地推进更新的实施。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">总体来说，城市更新的发展既需要</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面对历史欠账，也需要应对现实矛盾，这</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">样才能有效解除制约，弥补社会发展的滞</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">后性。显然，要求技术体系、管理能力和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">制度安排在短时间内改变，肯定存在一定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">难度。从应对社会空间复杂性的角度进行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">考虑，城市更新所涉及的技术、管理和制</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度更应具有渐进改良的动态性与弹性。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/wdLBQhLxpiaBhECiazUnDGAUToUTsph75XRFI9p1wq4o556GZTozkUqE2JlicN3blV223WpmbUCsA9pQ4vuMTuRvg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 广州城市更新实践启示与创新策略</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">规则优化：近期明晰技术细则，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">明确“既往不咎”，远期适应性匹配，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实现城市更新“合规”</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新技术体系是更新主体开发、<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管理主体许可和社会公众监督的重要依</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">据。以规则创新为导向，基于空间发展</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的现状及预期需求，城市规划管理部门</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">应及时编制科学合理的技术指引，制定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可实施、易操作的规范标准，促进技术</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体系与城市更新发展的动态匹配(图5)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5868545" data-w="639" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUzZavdlM9kQ9lnibpXRouwDicAzIuqKO6kad22sbHWEiautibibMoswibib56A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 针对更新行为“无章可循”的问<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">题，可以优化近、远期城市更新技术指引。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">近期由规划管理部门编制技术指引文件，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">明晰技术细则，基于结构安全、消防安</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">全等边界控制的思路制定城市更新“负</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面清单”(规定不可更新改造的类型)，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">保障建成环境更新的可行性和安全性；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">远期调整城市规划技术文件，创新土地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">使用管理模式，可借鉴香港法定图则控</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">制的兼容性设计，制定城市更新的“正</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">面清单”，鼓励空间创新行为。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2)针对更新过程中建成环境的本体<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">制约，近期可在城市中划定“特别建成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区”，借鉴广州“放宽准入”的实践，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">明确“既往不咎”原则，允许区内建成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">环境在“不降低原有标准”的前提下进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">行更新行为；远期可对消防、日照间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">距等技术标准和规范，以及产权合法化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行适应性设计，使其匹配城市更新存</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">量逻辑，从根本上解决管理制约问题。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程序完善 ：更新过程全周期管理，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">各方主体多层级参与，实现城市更新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">“合理”</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">管理程序是引导各方主体参与城市<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更新共治的协同工具。以程序创新为导</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">向，调整城市更新实现方式，一方面要</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">解决更新管理职能单一的制约问题，强</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">化前期论证和后期监管；另一方面，推</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">动事权下放，充分发挥镇街级和社区居</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">委等基层管理力量，促进管理应对能力</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">与城市更新发展的动态匹配。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1)创新城市更新管理环节，形成“前<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">期技术论证—中期创新许可—后期社区监</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管”的全周期管理程序。前期由规划技</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">术顾问对建成环境和更新需求进行可行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性论证，论证通过即可划入“特别建成区”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行更新申请；在中期审批环节，可以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">借鉴广州创新性许可制度，赋予市场多</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">元空间创新许可；后期由社区力量对生</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">产运营过程进行监督，可引入外部评价</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">机制，通过评价方可续期申请，确保长</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">效的公共监督。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 推动事权下放，形成“市—区—<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">镇街—社区”多层级、多角色城市更新</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">管理体系。建议充分发挥基层管理优势，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">赋予基层管理部门引导、组织、协调和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">制定规则的权力，多方主体各司其职，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">共同应对城市中量多面广的更新需求。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 7px;height: 7px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">制度保障：以社区协商促进公共</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利益还原，以专业支持提升公民社会</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">意识，实现城市更新“合情”</span></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 7px;height: 7px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);background-color: rgb(34, 127, 56);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">制度安排是对在场利益相关者设定<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利益“预期”，逐步实现城市更新中公</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">众参与实质性和有效性的路径。通过制</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度安排，可以建立协商机制，搭建沟通</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对话平台，协调各类利益冲突和负外部</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性补偿，实现城市更新公共利益共享。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新是全民参与的过程，通过规划</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">力量的介入，提升全民社会意识是推进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实质性“公众参与”的必由之路。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 以协商制度保障公共利益还原，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">将协商结果作为续期依据。针对更新过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程中因负外部性承担和利益预期不对等</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">引起的利害关系人的反对意见，制度安</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">排应坚持“谁受益，谁承担”的基本原则。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">借鉴英国“规划得益”(Planning Gain)制</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度，开发主体在开发过程中需提供货币、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">实物或者某种权益等，方能获得发展许</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可，城市更新受益者应提供公共利益</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">回馈补偿利益受损者。公共利益还原可</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">借鉴广州“协商前置”制度，具体补偿</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方式和补偿标准应在制度保障的基础上</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">由社区内部自行协商，经第三方机构土</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地增值评估制定，协商结果作为更新续</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">期时技术论证的依据。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 引入规划力量提供专业支持，提<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">升更新管理能力和公众社会意识。应充</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分发挥规划师的专业服务能力和社会服</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">务能力，建立和完善“城市总规划师”“镇</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">街规划师”“社区规划师”等制度，对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">应服务城市规划管理部门、镇街管理部</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">门及社区居民，提升基层规划管理能力，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">培育公众参与能力，以更新活动带动公众社会意识提升，进一步推动城市更新。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/wdLBQhLxpiaBhECiazUnDGAUToUTsph75XRFI9p1wq4o556GZTozkUqE2JlicN3blV223WpmbUCsA9pQ4vuMTuRvg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(23, 87, 45);border-bottom: 8px ridge rgb(237, 163, 100);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;padding: 8px 10px;border-left-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(238, 238, 238);padding: 0px 8px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五 结语</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 2px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 4px;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);float: left;margin-top: -3px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(27, 117, 16);margin-top: -2px;border-right-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);border-bottom-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);border-left-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“城市更新”是一座城市的活力，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">可见于城市的日常生活，反映城市的内</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">在价值；“空间创新”是一座城市的动力，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">引领城市发展，反映城市的外在价值。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">两者融合，助力城市可持续发展。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">综观国内外的城市更新发展，广州</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市只是一个缩影，本文所分析的案例</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">也只是广州多样化城市更新类型中的一</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">小部分。基于社会、经济和文化层面空</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间创新的广州城市更新实践，在规则、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程序及制度方面存在创新性和滞后性，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值得进一步总结和反思。本文仅以促进</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市社会发展和空间发展的精准匹配为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">目标，从动态性、弹性发展角度提出对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新策略的思考。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">广州城市更新的创新性源于城市的<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">文化自信与制度自信，依托“改革创新、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">敢为人先”的城市特质，其离不开一代</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">又一代城市建设者勇于探索、实干奋斗</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的精神。城市更新是物质性空间和社会</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性空间的综合更新，总会面临复杂、多</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">样的物质环境和社会状态，并非是一成</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不变的，也没有标准范式。因此，城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">更新工作应时刻保持创新的姿态，以制</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度创新支撑城市更新，让城市和社会更</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">加有序发展。</span></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section><section style="width: 100%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 4px;margin-top: -2px;float: right;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 4px;height: 4px;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: 0.5em;float: left;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(27, 117, 16);margin-top: -2px;margin-bottom: 2px;border-right-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);border-bottom-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);border-left-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/wdLBQhLxpiaBhECiazUnDGAUToUTsph75XRFI9p1wq4o556GZTozkUqE2JlicN3blV223WpmbUCsA9pQ4vuMTuRvg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(197, 226, 224);background-position: 233.929% 1.8202%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 107.589%;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/QZhJlsbWSsWEnC4x54xZM2SwokG1AIOpnENzdz571bpu60fvB7dysS76ykxTjXsv40RMJ0C3LHBSg3XjIHMlicQ/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2019年20期《规划师》杂志</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">审读：刘芳</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 0px 1.5em;margin-bottom: -35px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;width: 100%;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》杂志2019年20期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong>广州城市更新与空间创新实践及策略》</p></section></section></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section 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solid rgb(27, 117, 16);border-left-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 100%;margin: -12px 0px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(227, 43, 107);box-sizing: border-box;">声明</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(132, 81, 21);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社微信公众订阅号（ID：）为非盈利新媒体平台，所有转发的非原创图文来源于互联网及新媒体渠道，如果所转发图文作者或其他版权所有人认为违反了您的权益，请告知我们，我们会在24小时内删除。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  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80%;text-align: left;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 0px;border-right: 10px solid rgb(27, 117, 16);display: inline-block;margin-top: 1em;vertical-align: top;border-top: 6px solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 6px solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;background-color: rgb(27, 117, 16);padding: 8px;border-radius: 8px;max-width: 90% !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志近期文章推荐</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（点击蓝字可看原文）</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;padding-left: 0.45em;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(27, 117, 16);padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛1】国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系构建的现实困境与重构路径<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, 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100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">识别图中二维码进入微店购买《规划师》杂志</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="850" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUDLggh9oMnPb0uMq3gXhAdGkulQHsjxx6TVop98m2NsTU2FYe3XYRRA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(21, 103, 167);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社                                         </p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮编：530029</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">电话：0771-2438012</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">传真：0771-2436269</span></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/IvFY7rA4AUGxa0fE5sMkG5z7Kx3ic57z89Gia7nicxK8icQiatXK62NUUDBvX5ukoGjaZfFKZ4Hv8hiajg2yAlxplwTA/640?wx_fmt=gif");background-position: 1.2602% 100.746%;background-repeat: repeat-x;background-size: 76.798%;background-attachment: scroll;padding: 10px 10px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 61.8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">精</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">彩</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">请猛戳右边二维码</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 38.2%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公众号ID</p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="430" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mjmo2awTUoGWL5zW5dN6OuUibYiajTRoKibY2qCB7b9D1vaVCGVJcXz6jFMSOv5eiciboufHnzjbL3ZicKg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: left;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-left: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: right;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);border-right: 2px solid rgb(21, 103, 167);box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section>
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