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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgL4YncCiaMyiaibMT6NfwO2bmia8hGBvONxbVeAXAx4CLiamiamnAiaFqwpFWgAX5oxC0FzqXXZmBSSymQg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 70%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(153, 166, 171);line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎点击以上蓝色字体</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关注</p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgL4YncCiaMyiaibMT6NfwO2bmia8hGBvONxbVeAXAx4CLiamiamnAiaFqwpFWgAX5oxC0FzqXXZmBSSymQg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: left;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: right;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;margin: -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(348deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(348deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(348deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(348deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;margin: -80px 0% 0px;font-size: 13px;transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5em;height: 5em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;text-align: center;border-radius: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table;width: 100%;height: 5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;line-height: 1.3;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 17px;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">导语<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 作者武汉大学城市设计学院城乡规划系系主任、教授、博士生导师，武汉大学中国发展战略与规划研究院副院长魏伟，武汉大学城市设计学院城乡规划系硕士研究生巢佳玲，武汉大学城市设计学院城乡规划系副教授谢波在《规划师》2019年第21期撰文，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">国土空间规划背景下，土地利用强调各类空间的合理利用及空间效益的整体最优，但当前在农业空间的土地利用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方面还存在缺乏整体利益视角、无序侵占农业空间、补划农业空间质量和数量不达标等问题，对我国的粮食安全产生了一定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的威胁。文章基于“以人为本”的国土空间规划理论，运用自存—共存、优化—平衡两种矛盾协调模式，以整体利益最大化</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为原则，将占补平衡过程中涉及的主要利益主体和主要矛盾维度作为研究对象，构建了一套国土空间规划背景下的永久基本</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">农田占补平衡方法，并结合我国东南沿海城市的国土空间规划展开实证分析，为空间规划改革背景下的基本农田占补平衡提</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">供新的理论与方法支撑。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: left;border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: right;border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]国土空间规划；以人为本；永久基本农田；占补平衡</p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文章编号 ]1006-0022(2019)21-0038-07　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 中图分类号 ]TU984　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文献标识码 ]B </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 引文格式 ]魏伟，巢佳玲，谢波．永久基本农田占补平衡方法探讨[J]．规划师，2019(21)：38-44．</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/XLeHAjvjgoKs3a6uibbyjsKph0pozXRQtr0qR4icKJgEGa9bygZNpePSNAicic6ibNtNoZELicFRAwDFfgyrETxjM3mg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">永久基本农田占补平衡研究综述</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关于永久基本农田占补平衡的相关<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">研究，主要从两方面展开：①规划体系</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">调整前，关于基本农田的相关研究大都</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">聚焦于耕地及永久基本农田占补平衡方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">法体系的完善；②国土空间规划体系改</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">革后，针对永久基本农田进行的相关研</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">究则大多聚焦于基本农田保护红线的划</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">定方法。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间规划体系调整前，我国关于耕<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地及基本农田占补平衡的研究，主要涉</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及占补平衡体系的构建、等级折算系数</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的研究和易地占补平衡方法的完善3个</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方面。关于占补平衡体系的构建，可以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从耕地功能视角考虑耕地的跨区域性来构</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建耕地占补平衡体系，也可以通过对占</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用耕地保有格局和补充耕地主要来源的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分析来预测未来的用地格局，最终构建</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">耕地占补平衡体系。在等级折算系数</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">研究层面，赵华甫等人提出以标准粮产</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">量为依据，根据农用地利用等级、标准</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">粮产量对应关系测算出等级折算系数；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">郑华玉等人通过对连州市耕地占补平衡</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">评价体系进行测算，也发现了利用等级</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">指数与单位标准粮之间的折算关系；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">但还有学者认为等级折算系数的确定应</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">该以自然等别、土地利用等级指数等为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">依据。在易地占补平衡方法完善层面，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">邵挺等人建议利用市场机制进行耕地占</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">补平衡指标的交易，实现全国范围内土</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地利用效率提高和区域统筹发展；方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">斌等人通过对经济模型和生态评估进行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">量化，构建了一套国内耕地易地补充价</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值补偿的理论框架。现有关于占补平</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衡的研究虽然建立了较为完善的占补平</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衡理论体系、按等折算方法及易地占补</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平衡策略，但很少涉及永久基本农田占</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">补平衡实施过程中的一些核心问题，如</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">如何严控基本农田的划出及如何选取最</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">优占补平衡方案。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国土空间规划体系改革后，我国关<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于永久基本农田的研究大多侧重于永久</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基本农田的划定方法，主要分为3类：</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">一是基于基本农田的质量和立地条件评</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">价构建划定标准，如钱凤魁等人认为应</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">从耕地区位条件因素和耕作便利条件因素</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">两方面构建耕地立地条件评价体系，以此</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为基础划定永久基本农田保护红线；还</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">有学者认为相邻土地利用类型也应该作</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为主要评价指标。二是通过评价模型</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行永久基本农田保护红线的划定，如通</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">过贝叶斯网络模型提出基于耕地适宜性条</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">件与历史动态变化状况的划定方法；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通过TOPSIS 算法对耕地综合情况进行分</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">区，最终划定永久基本农田保护红线；</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通过GIS平台建立基本农田划区定界数</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">据库，并结合数字正射影像(DOM)进行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基本农田图斑核查，最终划定永久基本</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">农田保护红线。三是根据“多规”叠合，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对差异图斑进行评价，从而建立一套基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本农田保护红线划定标准。在国土</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间规划体系改革背景下，关于永久基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本农田保护红线划定方法的研究已经相</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">当丰富，但针对国土空间规划体系下的占</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">补平衡研究却较为缺乏，同时现有研究大</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">多立足于农业空间，并未从国土空间规划</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的整体性出发，综合考虑农业空间的稳定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">需求与城镇空间的扩张需求、生态空间的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">保护需求之间的矛盾。</span></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/XLeHAjvjgoKs3a6uibbyjsKph0pozXRQtr0qR4icKJgEGa9bygZNpePSNAicic6ibNtNoZELicFRAwDFfgyrETxjM3mg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">国土空间规划背景下永久基本</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">农田占补平衡方法</strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基础理论：“以人为本”的国土</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间规划</span></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“以人为本”的国土空间规划来源<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">于加拿大学者梁鹤年先生构建的“城市</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">人”理论。该理论的核心思想为：人</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">追求“自存(按其本质来生存)与共存 (在</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">自我求存与延续中的必然选择)的平衡”，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">而“以人为本”的国土空间规划通过土</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地与用途在点和量上的匹配使人人均能</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">获得“自存与共存的平衡”。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">“人、事、时、空”是一切人类现</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">象的基本变量。在国土空间规划中，“人”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">代表利益方，对国土空间的点、量、质</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">具有不同的利益诉求；“事”聚焦问题</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">所在，通常为不同利益方对同一国土空</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间的不同诉求所产生的矛盾冲突；“时”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是所处之际，“空”是所在之地，二者</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共同构成解决“事”这一矛盾冲突的背</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">景基础与条件限定(图1)。“人、事、时、空”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分析框架以“城市人”理论为依托，同</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">样具有“以人为本”的理念内核与思维</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">逻辑，追求在清楚明晰地把握规划问题</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的实际利益主体和规划矛盾聚焦点(“事”)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的基础上协调多方利益(“人”)，在“自</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">存与共存的平衡”诉求下，考虑“时”“空”</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">限制，通过合理匹配国土空间中的土</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">与用途，达到整体利益的最大化。各</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">类效益的“综合最优”是国土空间规划</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">的主要目的，国土空间规划的本质就是</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">要给出实现综合效益最优或者更优的空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">间实施方案，因此在国土空间规划体</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">系下，整体效益最大化成为规划决策的基本原则。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3675926" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3ptEy378UjKy8IONVicDnATkrXYEdhOrnBsU3PdbEibRBsPkibib56T36OEQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">矛盾协调模式：自存—共存、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">优化—平衡</span></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在永久基本农田占补平衡过程中，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">所涉及的“人”为耕地保护利益和土地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">开发利益的主体；“事”为是否应该划</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">出该基本农田，以及如何选择整体效益</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">最大的基本农田占补平衡方案；“时”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为当前经济中高速发展的时期；“空”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为需要进行基本农田占补平衡的空间范</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">围。因此，在永久基本农田占补平衡过</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">程中，涉及的利益主体为开发利益主体</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">和耕地保护利益主体，涉及的矛盾维度</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为多层级的矛盾，如经济效益矛盾、农</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业效益矛盾等。针对占补平衡中的核心</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">问题，主要涉及两类协调模式：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 模式I：自存—共存。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">该模式针对双利益主体之间的单维<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度矛盾，即耕地保护利益主体和土地开</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发利益主体之间在某一矛盾维度上的冲</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">突(图2)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.2583333" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3ptibebFml7I1hCw4EuFrv4ISziabvH1bMZVTibKGAbyQHguEKCKSpYVAUw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 模式II：优化—平衡。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">该模式针对双利益主体多维度矛盾，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">即通过自存—共存模式，分析基本农田占</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">补平衡中耕地保护利益主体与土地开发</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利益主体在单一矛盾维度的共存值，再</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利用优化—平衡模式，优先处理关键矛盾、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平衡其他矛盾，最终通过整体利益值反</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">映规划变更对社会带来的整体贡献大小，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">并作为最后决策的依据(图3)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5824074" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pdhrKZdIbibq3obUDLJkk0tpCm74iaEUQvlY6OYLhMhw0CW73QTWEETrw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">技术流程：用地置换裁定、最优</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方案选取</span></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">永久基本农田占补平衡实施过程中<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的核心矛盾主要有两个：一是是否应该</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行用地置换；二是如何选取最优占补</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平衡方案。本文针对永久基本农田占补</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">平衡实施过程中的核心问题，以整体利</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">益最优为原则，提出了一套“以人为本”</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的国土空间规划理论指导下的永久基本</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">农田占补平衡技术流程(图4)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6027778" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3p9kVBQib2buDl4DCJfNzpic0QMJnSBpiaiaVKdAbO8PJrO77FibIUNNicyhsQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.是否应该进行用地置换？</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">永久基本农田占补平衡过程中，首<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">先要解决的问题是“是否应该占用该基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本农田”。针对此问题，可以通过上述</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">两种模式核算该地块分别为农业用地和</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">建设用地时带来的整体利益值的大小。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 相关利益主体和相关利益矛盾维<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度分析。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">基于“以人为本”的规划理性进行<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">分析，永久基本农田占补平衡的利益主</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">体主要是土地开发利益主体和耕地保护</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利益主体。用地转变的关键是综合效益</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的变更，永久基本农田用地转换的综合</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">效益主要包括经济效益、社会效益、生</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">态效益和农业效益，假设这四类效益可</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">以代表综合效益，则占补平衡过程中涉</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及的矛盾维度主要为这四类矛盾(图5)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7767221" data-w="842" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pUcQqKBN4sDTjqq4X21WsaI5rZr7UhRaeqFGmDRNjNBwKcN65TPuWEQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 各类矛盾维度共存值的核算。</p><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过自存—共存原则，衡量出各个<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利益维度下的共存值。首先，分析经济</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">效益维度的矛盾。假设土地的市价可以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">代表其经济效益，那么可以尝试用土地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">市价的变化反映经济效益的变化。若开</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">发利益方完全从自存角度出发，则其经</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">济效益自存值可用公式(1) 计算。自存</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值经过已确定并公布的“共存系数”调</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">整后则可得出经济效益共存值，其计算</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方法如公式(2) 所示。其次，需要衡量该</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">用地转换的社会效益、生态效益及农</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业效益，可衡量所有指标要素，也可以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">挑选某个影响最大的因素，通过效益评</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">价模型、专家论证和公众参与等方式对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其效益进行评价及打分，通过对比两者</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的打分结果，得出其共存值，其他效益</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">共存值可根据公式(3) 计算得出。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.0531561" data-w="301" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3p3fTTVqJd789bHg4SYaaoV1dLFB3krEVyJogQbRXrYbmNibI9NQicmXCQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.8026316" data-w="304" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pVyicucRLcYO1QBPZWFMiaLWIbnX2RXwsg8GwblDSICfdTMEia0upSQHtA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(4) 规划决策。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">将整体利益值与转换门槛值进行比<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">较，整体利益值若小于转换门槛值，则</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">该用地转换不经济不合理，用地转换方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">案不可行；整体利益值若大于转换门槛</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值，则该用地转换可行。当该建设项目</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对国家和地区发展具有重大意义、对永</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">久基本农田的占用不可避免时，可以通</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">过合法程序论证后，直接跳过该步骤，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">进行最优占补平衡方案的选定。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.如何选取最优占补平衡方案？</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了确保国土空间规划中各类空间<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的总量平衡，首先需要确定划出后用地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的性质属于3类空间中的哪类空间，以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">便于从该类空间中划出相应的空间补充</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">到农业空间内。但由于永久基本农田保</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">护红线属于刚性管控范围，从国土空间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">利益最大化的角度出发，基本农田补划</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间的选定不仅需要考虑补划永久基本</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">农田要尽量与已有永久基本农田集中连</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">片的要求，还需要考虑补划空间对城镇</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间和生态空间的影响。因此，永久基</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本农田补划优先考虑从农业空间内部的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">耕地进行补充，然后针对占用项目空间</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">性质，选定相应空间的宜耕后备建设用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地进行耕地补充，补划耕地范围纳入农</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">业空间，从而确定最终的永久基本农田</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">占补平衡方案。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">若经过上一步论证，多个占地方案<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">皆可行，或提出多个永久基本农田补划</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方案时，就需要选取最优占补平衡方案。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 相关利益主体和相关利益矛盾维<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">度分析。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">永久基本农田占补平衡过程中，涉<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">及的利益主体和矛盾维度与永久基本农田</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">占用过程中的利益主体和矛盾维度一致。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 各类矛盾维度共存值的核算。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">占补平衡前涉及的用地主要为现状<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">基本农田、现状耕地及现状宜耕后备用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地，故占补平衡前的效益为该3类用地</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的整体效益；占补平衡后涉及的用地主</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要为永久基本农田转换后的用地、补划</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">永久基本农田及补划耕地，故占补平衡</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">后的效益应该为该3类用地的整体效益。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">因此，永久基本农田占补平衡方案在经</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">济效益维度下的共存值可用公式(5)表示，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">社会效益、生态效益和农业效益维度下</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的共存值可用公式(6) 表示。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.0130293" data-w="307" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pFGtGFwqrcTbLMoTopVxBouT7CgQATczUvCGxPEIEGIfR4UhbUQXBfQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.2608696" data-w="299" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pY7emhRwwl5PUViclFCqRQ6ibeicNVX9QiawoicxIf2dWG7L6quna4NP5Ycw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6786885" data-w="305" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3phmic6g5kSQ8Qc2BARgJTNdTQXVZUHxicFMguicJmVXXsUYlYHniacya29g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(4) 规划决策。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">将占补平衡方案整体利益值与转换<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">门槛值进行比较，若整体利益值小于转换</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">门槛值，则该方案不可行，需要重新调整</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">占补平衡方案；若整体利益值大于转换门</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">槛值，则可将大于转换门槛值的方案进行</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对比，选择整体利益值最大的占补平衡方</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">案。</span></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/XLeHAjvjgoKs3a6uibbyjsKph0pozXRQtr0qR4icKJgEGa9bygZNpePSNAicic6ibNtNoZELicFRAwDFfgyrETxjM3mg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">永久基本农田占补平衡实践</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）农业空间现状分析</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文选取的城市位于福建省东南部，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其农业用地空间现状特征较为明显，一是</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">耕地分布不合理，二是耕地资源不足，三</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">是宜耕后备资源相对匮乏，耕地补充任务</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">艰巨。在进行国土空间规划时，基于评价</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">结果，初步构建以“三区三线”为核心的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">空间格局。在划定最终成果之前，还需</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要将已批的重大建设项目进行耕地占补平</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衡，方可得到永久基本农田保护红线划定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的最终结果。现将可补划耕地资源、宜耕</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">后备土地资源与3 类空间进行叠加分析，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">即可知3类空间内可补划耕地资源及宜耕</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">后备土地资源分布情况(图6 ～图8)，为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">后期占补平衡补划永久基本农田及补划耕</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地的选择提供依据。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.2581227" data-w="554" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pHVM4bNlKnb15BDUJEOsTdU6fqLygsY58PicAuwwicmJtx3licDWTiaWh5g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.2464286" data-w="560" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pGLTouL91KPGAtwEDtfXdUHs9upBYjR8x8s0DRW3zPysnLmHIdYAI4g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.2585895" data-w="553" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pr9V9DEXTO9U1CBHxDL5XCYu1iazzsydAltn0speMoBu9lHouk2pohlg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）永久基本农田占补平衡操作流程</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">目前，该市有一个重点建设项目在<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">尽力避开永久基本农田的前提下，仍然需</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">要占用少量永久基本农田。经协调，针对</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">该项目的建设需要，提出A、B、C3 个永</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">久基本农田占补平衡方案：A 方案占用永</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">久基本农田质量一般，建设效益略弱；B</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">方案占用永久基本农田质量稍劣，建设效</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">益受到损耗；C 方案占用永久基本农田质</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">量优良，建设效益较好。此时可以从“以</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">人为本”的国土空间规划角度出发，对该</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">占用方案和占补平衡方案进行裁定。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.是否进行用地置换</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文以A方案为例，对其经济、社会、<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">生态及农业效益进行测算。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 经济效益。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经统计可知，A方案需要占用的现<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">状基本农田经济效益为5万元/公顷，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">永久基本农田转换为产业园后的建设用</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地经济效益为25.6 万元/ 公顷。根据上</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">述公式可知A 方案经济效益的自存值为</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">5.12，考虑到“自存与共存的平衡”，根</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">据公布的永久基本农田转建设用地的共</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">存系数为0.5 即可得出共存值为1.67。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 社会效益。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经调研和论证，确定该地块作为永<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">久基本农田时，其社会效益较高、社会</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">必要性一般；该地块作为建设用地时，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其社会效益较高、社会必要性也较高。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">根据表1、表2可得出，该地块在社会效</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">益维度下的共存值为1.29。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6381818" data-w="550" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pfkO8lFuIpicCyP6ibviaPicSRjEjWIwznfK5Kic1G64EsZfZD1PianTwchNQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6573034" data-w="534" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3ph49aia61lJUXTWHUSJn1smbT7icJ0zicR28ukYOSJxMZ1gN7B2nDw1OVA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 生态效益。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经调研和论证，确定该地块作为永<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">久基本农田时，其生态效益一般、生态</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">必要性一般；该地块作为建设用地时，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其生态效益较低、生态必要性也较低。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">根据表3、表4可得出，该地块在生态效</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">益维度下的共存值为0.17。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6378378" data-w="555" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pqTJlvlOkDRuXU2kMCOB5r5GXCHn4xSxGmciagdtBdLTEzTPVXkdX14g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6203209" data-w="561" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pibsaURIArIL3qUjFgmLPuiagLJHJcCXf5JR8vdb0JxSDT8h4Fb5PhcibA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(4) 农业效益。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经调研和论证，确定该地块作为永<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">久基本农田时，其农业效益较高、农业</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">必要性一般；该地块作为建设用地时，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">其农业效益一般、农业必要性也一般。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">根据表5、表6可得出，该地块在农业效</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">益维度下的共存值为0.67。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">按照该市的主体功能定位、发展战</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">略和经济社会发展趋势等，经专家论证，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">通过合法程序，公布经济发展、生态保护、</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">农业发展和社会民生维度的重要程度，运</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">算权重分别为30%、30%、20%、20%，</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">并确定用地性质转换门槛值为1。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6931818" data-w="528" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pB9mxibibcyG3ZxbsibJicibur8FGqiag50uRicbhcnHboibfQaQeHDkXvickzIA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5929648" data-w="597" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3p7WevW8Z76wP7ZRibG17wmSX9DicqojYSSN1mFuBEbeoHvGl7E8tRLXxw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">最终，A方案用地转换的整体利益<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值为1.05，B方案用地转换的整体利益</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值为1.01，C方案用地转换的整体利益</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值为0.96。与事先订下的用地转换门槛</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">值1 比较可得，A、B方案的用地转换较</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">为经济，方案可行，C方案的用地转换</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">不经济，不可行。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.选取最优占补平衡方案</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">该项目的空间属性属于城镇空间，<span style="box-sizing: border-box;">对接国土空间规划的“三区三线”划定</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">成果，优先从农业空间中划出质量与数</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">量不低于被占用永久基本农田的现状耕</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地，作为补划永久基本农田；从城镇空</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">间划出质量和数量不低于补划永久基本</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">农田的宜耕后备建设用地，作为补划耕</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">地，纳入农业空间。按照表7 ～表9 的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">打分结果及统计结果可知，A方案占补平</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衡的整体利益值为1.32，B方案占补平</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衡的整体利益值为1.35。B方案占补平</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">衡的整体利益值高于A方案占补平衡的</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">整体利益值，所以应该选择B方案。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3601852" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pYjTUWHCwuSP33hdycweZoDIZEcf3cibjBwsgklKDksuCdJFk0hichRSg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3481481" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pV5oCiaR3icNKLXQrianuY4NptO0Q2DP3h6OsFfpQdGQM4MNHVtEp9q27Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3583333" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pU8wSg2Ql8iad3h6FexZicDGkN6DIiciaq2jmpfHgy9UkCrp3bic4icNra4cw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/XLeHAjvjgoKs3a6uibbyjsKph0pozXRQtr0qR4icKJgEGa9bygZNpePSNAicic6ibNtNoZELicFRAwDFfgyrETxjM3mg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;padding: 0px 8px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四 结语</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 40px 0% 30px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(160, 160, 160) 0px 0px 4px;padding: 10px 15px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 4px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: -30px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 30%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.575" data-w="200" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/aibnHgSAPo5o4FBCiaric4Y8A5uQ5j3PjT7kh8TTaRytuMib3VYBhnfsDYd6ticzBAHGCNxjVSne6ka1etH7ukBXqVg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文主要针对当前永久基本农田占补平衡过程中缺乏整体利益视角、划出永久基本农田缺乏量化标准、最优占补平衡方案缺乏选取方法等问题，在“以人为本”的国土空间规划理论指导下，以整体利益最大化作为规划决策的核心原则，构建了一套国土空间规划背景下的永久基本农田占补平衡方法：首先，确定相关利益主体和相关利益矛盾维度，然后根据自存—共存、优化—平衡两类矛盾处理模式，核算用地转换前后的整体利益值，最终根据整体利益值的变化，裁定是否应该将永久基本农田转化为建设用地；在用地转换整体利益值大于门槛值的前提下，按照上述方法进行各永久基本农田占补平衡方案整体利益值的计算，最终选择社会整体利益最大的占补平衡方案。该方法不仅为我国永久基本农田占补平衡体系的完善及国土空间规划的管控提供了新的理论和方法支撑，也为未来解决国土空间规划过程中的规划矛盾提供了一个新的思考方向。</p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: 10px 0% -15px;transform: translate3d(25px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(25px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(25px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(25px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 20%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8423077" data-w="260" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/aibnHgSAPo5o4FBCiaric4Y8A5uQ5j3PjT7nmY0xtoLydLetHzwRK1zE5kPcSbPgglsk2xOAUCeWBWZENLHPWYicMg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_gif/XLeHAjvjgoKs3a6uibbyjsKph0pozXRQtr0qR4icKJgEGa9bygZNpePSNAicic6ibNtNoZELicFRAwDFfgyrETxjM3mg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(197, 226, 224);background-position: 233.929% 1.8202%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 107.589%;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ibubGwvtKmKNVCHELvRL674qY7tEOgY6fUVhvfWuxr8GcdWZIkpuXFnUsEXWE0kq9HKUxw1NlHib7meyFrCXVbgg/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2019年21期《规划师》杂志</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgba(116, 170, 172, 0.91);height: 1px;box-sizing: 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border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2019年21期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong>永久基本农田占补平衡方法探讨<strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;">》</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 24px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) 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inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="850" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgL4YncCiaMyiaibMT6NfwO2bm92YGgibUh62BSmRrd6vBj3C7n4935BOH6YJ8ric4RQc757mRv8rnNgFA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4101852" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mja7HsGucicXSAWLDTQG1K3pkqnwk9I3RS3iaoDenI9FyiccyPTP0RlAg66JfbSJLAiaoRrdW5O0Ao98A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 8px 0% 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(197, 36, 36);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社                                    </p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 2px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮编：530029</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">电话：0771-2438012</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">传真：0771-2436269</p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/12RnkOXxjSahDOPdE8SrjKEmkR7b6vbWdzXibtPPNRd3lFvjrSkVhmwUbDN3pgLbR3HQwWJhBcyOBwzoBEqMWLA/640?wx_fmt=gif");background-position: 1.2602% 100.746%;background-repeat: repeat-x;background-size: 76.798%;background-attachment: scroll;padding: 10px 10px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 61.8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">精</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">彩</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(67, 103, 117);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">请猛戳右边二维码</strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 38.2%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公众号ID</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="430" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgL4YncCiaMyiaibMT6NfwO2bmmehqOByzLcCqX5iaTGedwGaSNibl7ucuK6kibk1TL12q6zEOicRD71UrTw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section>
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