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<p style="text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.4222222222222222" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeiczNEO21E6xyiaHMlMDWEJLUa2pEhIN6PiasyRgLHtToyp0KIZsuGfLfbA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="900" style=""  /><span style="color: rgb(178, 178, 178);font-size: 14px;">图片源自新华网。</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 20px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">可能在上海生活或旅游的朋友们还在认为，经过政府多年的控制引导，上海的多中心的空间结构已经逐渐形成，无论是就业的、娱乐的，还是购物的中心，无非就是南京东路、陆家嘴、五角场等这些相对分散的地区。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">然而，目前有研究发现，上海城市的中心其实仍然集中在内环内的黄浦江以西地带：</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">包括石门二路街道、静安寺街道、南京西路街道、天目西路街道、华阳路街道等在内的地区，是上海最具就业吸引力的地区，而包括石门二路街道、华阳路街道、南京东路、外滩、南京西路街道等在内的地区，则是上海最具游憩吸引力的地区。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">也就是说，根据最新的研究，上海无论是就业中心还是游憩中心，都集中在内环以内黄浦江以西的地带，城市空间的单中心结构仍然十分明显。</span><br  /></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.7521968365553603" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeicKlTIR1VW7hjrQYiaFVSsNiaLRvEhVDI9NKByQYJUTsibSqM4zv6CPmn1A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1138"  /></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">研究范围</span></strong></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 25px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">注：卢湾区已并入黄浦区，闸北区已并入静安区。</span></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">按照上述研究的发现，上海城市的中心所在并非通常认为或者想象的那样。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">这与以往观察和研究城市的方式有关。</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">由于研究条件的限制，获取数据的手段有限，以往人们对城市空间结构的分析多基于物质实体的数量，如建筑物、街道、广场、花园等等，多从形态“表象”上来测度和判断城市的结构，较少解析这些物质实体的使用情况，即使用强度和人的利用方式等，很少真正把握空间的“实质”——人的使用。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">从卫星图片、调查问卷等传统材料中分析空间的特征与演变，一直是地理研究和规划研究普遍采用的方式。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">如今进入移动互联时代，研究人员已经发现，城市中个体人的移动轨迹等数据可以获取，并逐渐探索出较为可靠的利用方法，如手机信令数据及应用等。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">城市的“人流活动”开始变得可以了解，城市中的居住-就业和居住-游憩功能联系已经能够被掌握，于是，在基于人群流动数据的可视化分析中，城市尺度上的空间结构变得清晰可见。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 25px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.724809483488569" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeicaUWZrrO2KmVlVq43CIqDIfeeM8zyLcKn57V3bSya4Ky6SVnKPCyZOQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181"  /></p><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">就业-居住功能联系网络</span></strong></p><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 25px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">注：(1)为便于显示，已将互有联系的街道联系量加和；(2)联系量大于平均值96的数值使用自然间断点分类法分为7个等级。</span></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.7097844112769486" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeicQA3E7moxgGc3XjSBzrxKXxNhCejeLO1HlJRYdxsERnVv1IFxnCu1jA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1206"  /></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">游憩-居住功能联系网络</span></strong></section><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 25px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">注：(1)为便于显示，已将互有联系的街道联系量加和。(2)联系量大于平均值771的数值使用自然间断点分类法分为7个等级。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">《》杂志2019年第9期刊出中国学会新技术委员会副主任委员宋小冬教授团队撰写的论文《城市空间结构的功能联系特征探讨——以上海中心城区为例》。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章采用移动通讯数据和社会网络分析方法，对上海中心城区体现城市功能联系的“人群流动”进行跟踪和测定，从上海空间结构实践和城市空间结构理论两个层面，得到较以往认识明显不同的研究结论——从功能联系看，上海中心城区呈“单中心+扇形”结构，中心地区的就业、游憩吸引力远大于外围如张江高科技园区、金桥出口加工区、外高桥保税区等地区，外围地区居民沿放射地铁线形成的扇面与中心区紧密联系。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">而传统的观点普遍认为上海城市已形成“多中心+内环、中环和外环”的空间结构。</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">论文使用上海联通手机信令数据，采集时间段为2015年11月连续10个工作日和6个休息日。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">经过判断识别，共收集到80.5万人的居住地和工作地信息和229.7万人、588.1万人次的本地居民居住和游憩地信息。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">经检测，居住地识别结果与第六次人口普查街道常住人口数强相关，工作地识别结果与第三次经济普查就业岗位数强相关，识别结果基本能够代表全市就业者的居住、就业活动分布。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章采用社会网络分析法对功能联系网络进行分析，将街道质心视为节点，将街道之间的联系量连线视为边，而得到的功能联系网络就是社会网络，联系量表示关系的紧密程度，并运用社会网络分析法“点度中心性”和“凝聚子群”分析空间结构功能联系特征。</span></section><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.9989417989417989" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeicBt65F9RPqXsaVgQdhU2hR7iadcfK7LZ6jqlngyTAtzdl1GucLNyWAoA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="945"  /></p><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">社区发现法原理</span></strong></p><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 25px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">注：在同一个虚线圈里的节点分析结果属于同一社区。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">文章研究发现，以街道为空间单元的单位面积就业、游憩吸引量呈由中心地区向外围递减的特征，表明上海中心城区就业和游憩功能均呈单中心、向心集聚特征。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">依据各街道之间功能联系的紧密程度划分的组团呈由中心向外发散的“扇形结构”，表明中心地区对居民的就业、游憩活动的吸引并不是无序的，而是呈指向中心地区、若干相对独立的扇形分布，中心地区强大的吸引力是扇形结构形成的基础。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">在扇形结构中，行政区划和黄浦江、苏州河会通过对居民活动范围的限制影响扇形结构边界，特别是当行政区划边界和河流边界一致时影响更加显著。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">放射形的地铁线网与扇形结构耦合，基本每两条地铁线支撑一个扇面。</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">由上述功能联系特征总结的上海中心城区空间结构呈“单中心+扇形”结构，这与传统认识有显著区别，具体而言：</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">（1）传统上认为上海中心城区空间结构是南京东路、陆家嘴、五角场等多个中心+内环、中环和外环3个圈层的结构，反映了设施和土地开发时序的空间分布特征。而从功能联系特征来看，内环内的街道都能吸引大量外围地区居民前来就业、游憩。</span><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">多中心只是地理空间界限划分的结果，从功能联系来看，上海并不存在显著的多个中心。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);">内环、中环和外环对就业、游憩活动的空间限定作用并不明显。不同时段的土地开发并未形成若干相对独立的圈层。随着城市扩张，居住功能外拓，但就业、游憩功能仍需依赖中心地区。表象的圈层结构下，就业-居住功能联系和游憩-居住功能联系却呈紧密的向心联系特征，与地铁线网耦合、将中心城区划分为若干指向中心地区的、相对独立的扇面。</span></strong></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);"></span></strong><span style="font-size: 16px;">（2）传统上认为上海中心城区社会空间主要呈圈层结构，扇形结构并不显著且在不断弱化，反映了不同社会阶层的空间分布特征。而从功能联系特征来看，各扇面上不同社会经济属性的居民即使社会空间存在圈层分异，就业、游憩活动都受中心地区吸引，相互交错、紧密联系，不存在空间隔阂。</span></section><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.55625" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeic220SMTJ6CicEUEiaBBjAudXATUCo31h45kuIq2yPiapZk6L7hPFeQMonA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280"  /></p><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">街道单位面积就业吸引量</span></strong></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 25px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">注：</span><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">吸引量按等间距分为7个等级。</span><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.38203125" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeicQ1owwkbFtY3YwdscI7pT21XF0GE6UNwaYjNcVY1VTcribIWcRhqTmJw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280"  /></p><p style="margin-bottom: 20px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">就业-居住功能联系组团</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.5558194774346793" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeickTMoGW2v9JHG7CE06J0S8OicKflho1Kgzfz6xLczE60gDMSrtoiblhsw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1263" style="font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;text-align: justify;"  /></p><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">街道单位面积游憩吸引量</span></strong></section><section style="margin-bottom: 25px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">注：</span><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">吸引量按等间距分为7个等级。</span><span style="max-width: 100%;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></section><section style="margin-bottom: 20px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.38984375" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeicEKdyCsK52savFj2CdXC8SbltUf7w3jlxVmpiaTSjntpHEKQT0xAzzjQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280"  /><span style="font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">游憩-居住功能联系组团</span></strong></section><section style="margin-bottom: 20px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.8312629399585921" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeicvOib7RNGO9uvJm5icibRqv5RFwXW5MNWow4PCYQia7bKjic7NQFjqGaINMQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="966"  /><span style="text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">单位面积就业吸引量</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="1.0151706700379266" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRiaPPpKAjGa4UkyjBplzgdeicU97ztvQFQGyuNn0R7WRNkAbljNTrtiacHzwNELA9KaPsgkRxSvuibxlQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="791"  /><span style="text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="text-indent: 0em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong style="text-indent: 0em;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">单位面积游憩吸引量</span></strong></section><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;white-space: normal;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">规划新技术正在改变人们对既有观念的看法，规划研究已经越来越较以往更为客观和精细。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">本文就是这一趋势的反映。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">还有多少未知等待被发现？让</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">我们拭目以待。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;">对规划技术和理论感兴趣的朋友们不妨一读这篇文章。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br  /></p><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 20px;"><em><span style="font-size: 16px;">（感谢《城市空间结构的功能联系特征探讨——以上海中心城区为例》文章作者在导读编写中提供的帮助。</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></em></p><hr style="border-style: solid;border-width: 1px 0 0;border-color: 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border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: right top;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: both;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><section style="padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-left: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-bottom-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;font-size: 15px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="margin: 5px 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">官方投稿网址</strong></span>：http://www.planning.com.cn</span></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微博</span></strong></span>：http://weibo.com/cityplanningreview</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微信号</span></strong></span>：</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">电子期刊</span></strong></span>：App Store搜索“”(支持iPad下载)</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国内统一刊号</span></strong></span>：CN 11-2378/TU</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国际标准刊号</span></strong></span>：ISSN 1002-1329</span></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: left;width: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: left bottom;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin-top: 4px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;float: right;width: 16px;text-align: right;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: right bottom;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin-top: 4px;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: both;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin-top: -1px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="558" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="275" data-ratio="0.5255731922398589" data-s="300,640" data-type="gif" data-w="567" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/SdNVtxmtcRiaRRGMYpf5IMDDYv7hrsYzbm1Qy3NypQme09sqSMlEUWG1vmPfwqSUtjvVM8SBic3ibtxZWav0XPyqw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 558px !important;"  /><strong style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">关注我们，精彩无限~！<img class="" data-ratio="1" src="https://res.wx.qq.com/mpres/htmledition/images/icon/common/emotion_panel/smiley/smiley_84.png" data-w="20" 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