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<p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【文章编号】1002-1329 (2019)12-0009-08</span></p><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【中图分类号】TU981</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【文献标识码】A</span></section><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【doi】10.11819/cpr20191203a</span></section><section style="letter-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【作者简介】</span></section><section style="letter-spacing: 0px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">王建国</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(1957-)，男，中国学会副理事长，东南大学建筑学院教授，中国工程院院士。</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">* 本文刊载于《》杂志2019年第12期</span></p><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section><section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 0.1em 0.1em 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;background: rgb(214, 0, 74);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0.5em 0.8em;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">精彩导读</p></section></section><section style="margin-top: -1em;margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;padding: 1em 0.5em;font-size: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;width: auto;height: auto;overflow: hidden;border-top: 0.1em dashed rgb(214, 0, 74);line-height: 1.4em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 25px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【摘要】<span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: 微软雅黑;">中国城市正在进入一个高质量发展的历史新阶段，城市活力成为人们普遍关注的重要话题。论文辨析了城市活力的概念内涵，较为系统地回溯了城市活力的历史成因和来源，分析了国际相关学者对于活力的专业理解，重点论述了城市显性活力、隐性活力的特点和当代呈现方式、城市活力营造的五种途径，以及数字化城市设计在当代城市活力营造中的重要作用。论文最后提出今天的城市正呈现两大发展走向，亦即，正在从多维空间城市走向泛维数字城市和从集体意志的城市走向个体泛在的城市。</span></span></section><section style="margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 15px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-indent: 0em;line-height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【关键词】</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;">城市活力；显性活力；隐性活力；场所营造；算法时代；宜居城市；数字化城市设计</span></span></section><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">INCLUSIVENESS AND SHARING, EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT MUTUAL LEARNING, LIVABILITY PREDICTED: HISTORICAL PROSPECT AND CONTEMPORARY CREATION OF URBAN VITALITY</span></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-family:微软雅黑;font-size:14px;"><br  /></span></p><section style="margin-bottom: 15px;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">ABSTRACT: </span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Chinese cities are entering a new historical stage of high-quality development, and urban vitality has become an important topic of general concern. This paper analyzes the concept and connotation of urban vitality, systematically traces the historical causes and sources of urban vitality, and analyzes the professional understanding of vitality by relevant international scholars. This paper mainly discusses the characteristics and the contemporary presentation mode of urban explicit vitality and implicit vitality, the five ways to create urban vitality, as well as the important role of digital urban design in the creation of contemporary urban vitality. At the end of the paper, it is pointed out that there are two development trends for contemporary cities, that is, they are moving from the multi-dimensional city to the universal digital city and from the city of collective will to the city of individual ubiquity. </span></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">KEYWORDS:</span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">  urban vitality; explicit vitality; implicit vitality; place-making; algorithm era; livable city; digital urban design</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section label="Copyright ? 2016 playhudong All Rights Reserved." donone="shifuMouseDownPayStyle('shifu_car_001')"><section><section><p><br  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-width: 0px;border-style: initial;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(214, 0, 74);font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-right-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-left-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0.1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;height: 1.2em;line-height: 1em;font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;background-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1</section></section><section style="padding: 0.2em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;font-size: 1em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(42, 52, 58);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 19px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 17px;">中国城市建设和发展新趋势</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">简要归纳梳理，笔者认为当下中国城市建设和发展有三方面趋势值得关注：</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">趋势一：党的十九大明确了中国特色社会主义新时代社会主要矛盾的新定位。2019中国年会针对“广大人民群众日益增长的对‘美好生活’的追求与不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾”，探寻“活力城乡，美好人居”的新愿景，正当其时。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">趋势二：由城市、农村、林业、草原、海洋、环境分治到城乡统筹、资源一体、统合不同类型资源和尺度层级的生态文明时代国土空间规划。中央乡村振兴战略将乡村分为四类，第一次提到城乡融合的乡村类型，城市近郊农村也可以拥有城市服务功能，同时要求城市反哺乡村，提升乡村振兴能力，要完善农村土地利用方式，破解城乡二元结构和制度隔阂。</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">趋势三：城镇化进程进入“下半场”。就城市而言，和城市设计正在由对城市发展的宏观空间增长性的制度设计，包括政策制订、空间治理、管理方式，转向内涵品质提升、增量存量结合并逐渐以存量为主的城市环境营造和精细化管理的主题。</span></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">城市活力在此背景下变成一个十分重要和具体的命题。</span></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-width: 0px;border-style: initial;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(214, 0, 74);font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-right-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-left-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0.1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;height: 1.2em;line-height: 1em;font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;background-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2</section></section><section style="padding: 0.2em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;font-size: 1em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(42, 52, 58);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 19px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </strong><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 19px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </strong></span><strong><span style="font-size: 17px;">城市活力的历史图景 </span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;text-indent: 0em;margin-bottom: 5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: 微软雅黑;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2.1  城市活力的来源</span></strong></span></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">城市活力首先来自人的活动，包容共享是其最重要的特点。根据笔者的简要概括和总结，城市活力主要来源于以下四个方面：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">第一，源自于市井生活活动，如购物、交往、闲聊、娱乐等；</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">第二，源自于享有共同愿景的人群，通常是熟人社会圈层内部自洽的，彼此具有类似甚至共同经历的社会人群，例如那些一直在一个单位或生活区工作和生活会有共同的集体记忆，退休或爱好相近的同一类人群，信众的朝圣礼佛活动，临时建构共享认同的集体旅游、运动等。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">第三，源自于人与自然的互惠共处，例如四月赏樱、十月赏菊、京城八景、观赏日出日落等等(图1)。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.5825571549534293" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgM2gVkTlX0uwtXskhQIDa5VDOO6fGnK8P4Ave57sHw757ibYmDMHBQu4Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style=""  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图1  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">人们观赏佛罗伦萨夕阳西下的美景</span></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.1 </span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">People watching the sunset in Florence</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">资料来源：许昊浩摄。</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 20px 8px 10px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">第四，源自于文化习俗和传统以及特定的节庆事件。</span><br  /></section><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;line-height: 2em;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: 微软雅黑;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2.2  城市活力的概念内涵及其真实呈现</span></strong></span><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">城市活力对于人作为一种群体性生物种群的生存发展具有必要性。历史地看，城市活力是城市健康成长、持续激发社会演进正向动能的本源之一，并可以划分为狭义的活力和广义的活力：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">狭义的活力即可直观认知到的人际交流互动、城市生活活动；</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">广义的活力包括创新创业激励、经济制度、人才政策，以及对于异质元素的包容度、成规模建制并年龄级差合理的知识创新人群等。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">总体来讲，活力与人们对自身家园或者“第二家园”人居环境和生活场所的认同密切相关，城市是否有活力已经成为城市竞争力比较的重要尺度。</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">大多数城市活力均来自于步行为主的日常生活，人们常讲的“上街”，除了功能性目的，其实也是一种下意识的渴求社会交往和生活的行为心理所致。与休闲、购物、交往等相关的市井活动具有明显的功能复合多样性。传统的步行历史街区最易促成市民活动和活力的产生，人际交往是城市公共空间作为场所载体的品质所在。生活所形成的空间意象、逸闻趣事和场所氛围既是人类行为的一种图景呈现，也渗透着社区精神的记忆。市井生活及其场所载体的丰富多样是维系地方传统活力的必要条件。从哈尔滨中央大街、香港兰桂坊等案例可以看出，市井生活及其场所载体的丰富多样是维系地方传统活力的必要条件，且具有无等级、无特定地点、无特定针对性的特点(图2，图3)。</span></section><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.7502645502645503" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMIZlaENzQkp5MV4jPXEaSlfTJDIicFaibsYRo5L5DvztgbhppoPC4vS3w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="945" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图2 </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">哈尔滨中央大街的人像写生场景</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.2 </span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Portrait painting in Central Avenue, Harbin</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.7359375" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMemXqvSkSC4EXqBu3xTKrQmJSoqqWWQPSmK7IFHcxIRm9HyaQHBlYoQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图3  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">香港兰桂坊</span></strong></p><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.3  </span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Lan Kwai Fong, Hong Kong</span></section><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">同时，由于一些特定的规划制度的安排，城市也会产生活力。如教会回迁罗马，重新规划了罗马城市空间结构，带动了文艺复兴时期罗马城市的改造建设。规划设计将城市主要标志物经由宽阔和笔直的道路连接起来，该放射性道路系统使得朝圣人群可以在罗马七座大教堂之间方便流动，同时，由于道路交叉形成了新的城市公共空间，交叉点设置有方尖碑或纪念性立柱，则成为人们寻路的方位地标(图4)。</span></section><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6606189967982924" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMKQ7sG4qYJDDbHFojpgX7xfYbqzRcZfWWXvDxHXiaOicyHPfyPCYsREibQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="937" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图4  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">罗马人民广场</span></strong></p><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.4  </span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Piazza del Popolo, Rome</span></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">中国古代的市井生活图景十分丰富。大约从宋代开始，中国商品经济开始萌芽发展，社会富庶，包括中秋等习俗都是在这一时期发轫兴盛，诗情画意的城市活力逐渐萌生。如古代章回小说经常描绘的“京城看灯、茶棚献艺、法场劫人”等。如今，很多的市井生活已经升华成地域文化、习俗和传统。世俗化的礼佛和宗教祭祀场所会成为多样性民间活动的载体，同时，市井生活经历时间和命运的磨砺也会升华成地域文化和传统(图5)。</span><br  /></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6672311600338696" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMKicwTymwMgrFwHkQHgnylSoAV4hXc5S3FO8HFoJhtUOkj7v4lPpA8lw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图5  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">日本京都上贺茂神社的跳蚤集市</span></strong></p><p style="margin-bottom: 20px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.5  </span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Flea market at Kamigamo Shine in Kyoto, Japan</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">工业革命的到来标志着现代都市文明的滥觞，前工业社会的“礼俗社会”或“熟人社会”便遭遇现代性的发展挑战。19世纪的城市形象曾被德国哲学家瓦尔特·本雅明(Walter Benjamin，1892—1940)描绘成是由急速增加且不可预知的各种人群居住其中的迷宫，而且是被“暴民”主导的无序之所。现代学科的诞生与对这种现象进行拨乱反正的社会需求密切相关。在早期工业化时期，理性和秩序成为最重要的关键词。《雅典宪章》(1933)主张应该强调流动循环所支撑的功能分区，城市街道一度被认为是“交通机器”而不是生活的社会载体。</span><br  /></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">在现代城市讲功能、讲效率、讲公平和将人群抽象归类认识的背景下，个体化可选择的人的生活，及其城市活力承载的空间场所随着现代化进程逐渐呈现出颓败的趋势。现在谈留住“乡愁”，不是单指乡村场景是否有传承或者美丽与否，同样意指城镇市井生活的日益缺失和社会异质性问题。因此，笔者认为，缺乏公共空间和多样性生活同样是今天城市特色危机产生的重要原因。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: 微软雅黑;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2.3  学术界关于城市活力的专业理解和思考</span></strong></span></section><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">对于城市活力的专业关注由来已久。欧洲针对战后重建割裂城镇历史联系的问题，认识到历史文化实证不仅仅靠文物建筑，而且要有活态的历史街区，法国1962年颁布《马尔罗法》，第一次用立法方式保障历史街区保护。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">伯克、齐美尔、雅各布斯、佐金、怀特、扬盖尔、麦考尔及1960年代初倡导的社区规划、“倡导性规划”和“公众参与”等，主要是为了克服工业化时期的规划常常武断处置复杂问题的弊病，进而强调应该尊重自下而上的社区作用，听取因信息不对称而焦虑不安的公众意见和倾诉。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">其中，乔治·齐美尔(George Simmel)强调了陌生人在现代城市文化体验中的作用。这些“陌生人”既不像传统的游荡者一样从一座城市迁移到另一座城市，也不像在很多紧凑关联的社区那样不少人留了下来，经过社会化成为熟人。城市中的陌生人能够停留在现代城市中是因为他们保持匿名，创造与异化成为城市现代性不可分割的一体两面。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">简·雅各布斯(Jane Jacobs)则认为，城市多元化是城市生命力、活泼和安全之源。城市最基本的特征是人的活动。人的活动总是沿着线进行的，城市中街道担负着特别重要的任务，是城市中最富有活力的“器官”，也是最主要的公共场所。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">威廉·怀特(William H Whyte)用“公共空间”这个带有物权意味的名词概括街头巷尾，并系统开展了对城市中那些小广场、小公园、小嬉戏场和无以计数的零星空间的社会行为研究。他认为“亲切宜人”是最需要遵循的设计准则。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">桑内特(Richard Sennett)证明了公共交往并非天生就会，而是一个习得的过程。他将现代都市文明的出现视为对封建关系的替代，认为封建关系基于人与人之间的顺从和义务，而现代文明则是需要通过积极的试验、学习、实践和培养而形成的复杂的关系。如上海开始的垃圾分类就是上海市民需要重新习得的生活习惯。这种非社会先天具有的情形，扰动了社会生活原来的空间关系。在互联网时代，物理距离不再是活力产生的必要条件，万水千山之外的人却可能亲密无间。这种不确定性使得现代城市充满了生存的张力和无限的魅力。</span></p><section style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 2em;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">社会学家佐金在《裸城——原真性城市场所的死与生》一书中则谈到，21世纪初，纽约好像失去了灵魂。漫步纽约，街道、社区和公共空间都在升级改造，一个又一个街区失去了小尺度和地域特色的标识，取而代之的是鸡尾酒吧、星巴克、H&M等，并产生了同质化的结果。这种由资本、政府、媒体和消费者品位所形成的合力共同推升了一种普遍性的、粉饰过的城市更新，也即是通常所说的“绅士化”(gentrification)。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-width: 0px;border-style: initial;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(214, 0, 74);font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-right-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-left-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0.1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;height: 1.2em;line-height: 1em;font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;background-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3</section></section><section style="padding: 0.2em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;font-size: 1em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(42, 52, 58);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 1em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">  </span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-size: 17px;">显隐互鉴：</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 17px;">城市活力的当代呈现 </span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">那么城市活力究竟应该如何呈现呢？</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">笔者认为，城市活力可以分为显性和隐性两个不同的方面。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">显性活力，或者说具象的活力，是指人们直接可以感知和观察到的活力，如大量存在于城市街道、广场、公园、公共建筑外部空间中的人群活动，包括各种广泛存在于中国、墨西哥、印度、秘鲁等中等收入的发展中国家的“非正式性”(Informality)经济活动，小店铺、小作坊、街头摊贩、临时性观演等。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">显性的城市活力历史上大多建构在一定的社会圈层内，并主要与前述四大来源——市井生活活动、拥有共享愿景的人群、人与自然的互惠共处、文化习俗传统和节庆事件相关。今天的显性活力还可以包括美国社会学家欧登伯格(Ray Oldenburg，2006)所提出的，居所、工作场所之外的“第三空间”，如城市的酒吧、咖啡店、博物馆、图书馆、公园等公共空间。在中国，则还可延伸到茶室、书店、轻食乃至打牌场所等(图6，图7)。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6621507197290432" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMY2NuLICbB9PYdcKH7yZCPAQVOsO2BQ9wjn35UBT8Oojbrlktic6rZKg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图6  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">成都宽窄巷步行街</span></strong></p><p style="margin-bottom: 20px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.6  </span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Kuanzhai Alley, Chengdu</span></p><section style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.75" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMfkfcL7akxZBXzpib88ePEdgiazDjrqLtib4Jibpkict7A5ibuhPzR7MuPAYQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /></section><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图7  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">慕尼黑利用历史建筑举办主题性商业活动</span></strong></section><section style="margin-bottom: 20px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.7 </span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">The use of historic buildings for thematic commercial activities in Munich</span></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">应该看到，隐性活力在数字化、网络化，万物互联的时代正在悄然兴起，催生了城市活力新形态。各类数字化、可开放搜索信息的电子地图、移动数字通讯装备、各种公共电子信息屏幕及数字艺术影像正在对传统的通过人际交流、分享信息、建立全息亲密关系的方式产生“颠覆性”影响，开始影响了过去常常由影视、文学作品描述的人际邂逅的感情体验和经历。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">正如墨尔本大学麦夸尔(Scott McQuire)教授在《地理媒介：网络化城市与公共空间的未来》一书中讲到的，数字网络媒介与城市地理元素的深度融合，将越来越多的传统媒体转化为“地理媒介”，“地理媒介”深刻改变了城市和媒介的结合以及二者对于公共生活的含义。数字媒介既帮助人们从“地点”中解放出来，又成为如今地点制造的重要形式。他认为，网络化的城市公共空间需要充分“留白”，与“智慧城市”理念不同，城市在规划设计过程中要有意识对不完整性、市民的自发性和不确定性的涌现有所保留和鼓励。麦夸尔认为，在21世纪，人们需要在探索新的习得的交往技能过程中，创造出新的关联，并将现实中孤立的不同层次重新连接起来，化为城市创造力和生命力。因此，如何实现和想象城市的数字化和公共空间的网络化就决定了我们将成为怎样的人。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">数字化转型正在深刻改变我们的日常认知和社会现实。通过地理空间既有形式和边界划定等塑造日常生活的方式需要重新调整。城市公共空间作为城市交往和沟通实践节点的功能正在被新的逻辑全面地改造。正如麦夸尔所说，“地点”并未消失，相反，许多特定的场合和实践正从时间和空间维度中被重新“打开”，并且被新媒体带来的信息记录、归档、分析和获取能力所重构。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">事实上，今天的城市早已跨越“熟人社会”，尽管分层、分群、分社区的“亚社群”依然存在，但总体进入了“开放、包容、共享”的城市社会。因此，思考城市活力全新的观念和建构方式非常重要。活力仍然由人所生，但是这种活力与人在一个物理空间的“在场”或者“不在场”都可能有关，甚至同时相关。麻省理工学院米切尔教授曾经在1995年提出“比特之城”的概念，认为信息互联的数字城市将要代替砖石物理建构的城市，但到2005年他又改变看法，认为二者也可以并存交织。简单说，未来的城市公共空间除了经典的审美和功能属性，考虑怀特所说的“阳光、可坐性、亲切宜人”以及扬盖尔关注的必要性和选择性的公众环境行为外，还必须有信息基础设施的支撑。有了信息基础设施，单一的城市空间场所就可能成为全球互联互通中的一个节点，除了日常生活、交流和互助外，互动式学习、知识生产和各种创新都可能产生在这个节点。匿名或者分散的户外公共空间也同样会成为城市中积极的活力要素。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">基于以上观点，笔者认为当代城市活力培育和营造需要做到“显隐互鉴”。营造“显隐互鉴”的城市活力需要做到三个适宜：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">首先是适时，城市的不同历史背景阶段和状况下呈现的活力不同。历史城市是日积月累发展起来的，是熟人社会、较小圈层化的人群，亲身经验的分享交流比较多。但最近规划兴建的雄安新区则不同。雄安新区的城市活力愿景应该建立在来自不同地域的新一代创业者的生活习惯、情感交流和家园感的共同缔造上；深圳是一个新移民最多、最具创新能力、平均年龄最小的一座城市，在这里的人比较少怀旧、不笃信权威，他们心目中共同拥有的是一片未来的蓝海；在海南，由于温润的气候条件，北方老年人移居、定期居住已成为那些城市的重要人口构成，与城市活力营造提升相关的公共空间、公园绿地空间等就不仅与本地人相关，而且也和这些新的城市移民相关。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">第二是适群。一个场所应该根据所在地点、可达性和毗邻城市功能等有相对主导的适用人群，包括具有共同生理特征、具有共同生活特征的人群等等，这样易于形成有特色的城市活力。</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">第三是适度，把握不同阶层、不同年龄、不同文化传统、不同生活背景的合理融合，兼顾狭义活力和广义活力。有人将纽约称之为大熔炉(Melting Pot)，意指纽约这座城市可以兼顾不同特质的文化、不同背景的人的和睦相处。他们和而不同，共同为纽约城市的繁荣发展做出重要的贡献(图8)。</span></section><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6613039796782387" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMUT0eTN84j0BlnoYuP9QPt1Lbl9UfzohVKOhdkQ1VVnJQia4HibnByQFg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图8  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">美国纽约时代广场</span></strong></p><p style="margin-bottom: 20px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.8  </span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Times Square, New York</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">以中国某新区为例。城市活力营造应当建立在对于创新城市的功能特征、成长特征的把握的基础上，应当基于对创业人群与创新机构的全生命周期的研究，探讨城市活动对空间的需求，以及成长和发展的需求。由此笔者团队在城市设计竞赛提案中构建了创新之树，并提供类型、活力的接口，将其跟传统路网尺度、便捷的混合交通系统，以及促进交往的布局融合在一起，最后构建了富有高度创新和生活活力的全生命周期创新城市的空间组织模式，进而融入到城市成长的场景当中(图9)。</span><br  /></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.9195596951735817" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMSsGa0j9UWr4ib2y5g34thOXwAqbTSrcuoiatQGxR24LEeOX4OviaicWJVg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style=""  /><span style="color: rgb(214, 0, 74);letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;"></span></section><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图9   </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">某新区创新社区空间结构示意</span></strong></section><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.9  </span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Innovative community space structure for New Area X</span></section><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 5px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">资料来源：东南大学设计研究院，《某新区启动区城市设计国际咨询设计成果》。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-width: 0px;border-style: initial;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(214, 0, 74);font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-right-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-left-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0.1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;height: 1.2em;line-height: 1em;font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;background-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4</section></section><section style="padding: 0.2em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;font-size: 1em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(42, 52, 58);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 1em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">  </span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-size: 17px;">宜居可期：</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 17px;">城市活力的当代营造 </span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">笔者曾经概括过活力营造的五种城市设计途径，亦即，第一，宜小(尺度)、宜慢(生活节奏)、步行化，关注“小微环境”和个人尺度；第二，杂而不乱，喧而不闹，动静相宜；第三，关注自发、自愿、自主、自为的城市活力，理解和包容城市的非正规性，有利于存量更新中社区参与和活力培育；第四，以他者身份留意、观察城市活动和景观，人看人也是一种活力提升途径，例如看热闹、看表演、探新猎奇这样的百姓行为，从古至今都是城乡空间中的真实存在，城市各种传统集市、城市节庆、乡土民俗活动都是人们所喜爱的社会生活，其高度和谐、分享、互动的社会参与正是城乡活力所在，也是地域独特的“名片”；第五，营造场所感使城市活力获得质量并持之久远。通常，场所感建立在物理世界和人类社会演进的确定性和连续性的基础上，诚如挪威建筑理论家诺·舒尔茨(N Schulz)所说，建筑师的任务就是创造有意味的场所(meaningful place)，帮助人们栖居。如果事物变化太快了，历史就变得难以定形。因此，人们为了发展自身，发展他们的社会生活和变化，就需要一种相对稳定的场所体系。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">2013年中央城镇化工作会议提出“望得见山，看得见水，记得住乡愁”。这种“乡愁”通常与当代人的高度流动性有关，通常随着空间的远近，时间的长短及其场景的演变而引发主体不同梯度的乡愁情感变化。除此之外，中国人的乡愁还有着独特的文化背景，历史上的“告老还乡”“解甲归田”，直到每年的春节“还乡潮”，都跟农耕社会忠孝思想乃至儒家、道家哲学有关。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">但是，当下数字化时代的城市活力呈现和空间形态建构方式正在悄然发生变化。“万物皆数”为标志的“算法时代”浪潮扑面而来，正在深刻改变人类社会发展的方向和进化路径。进入21世纪，城市已经成为世界上大多数人的工作场所和生活家园，中国则在2011年改变了“以农立国”的城乡人口格局。以使用位置信息的智能手机、城市各种LED信息显示屏等为代表的网络数字媒介正在深刻影响人们的城市生活、工作、交通和游憩方式。“手机一族”正在重新建构他们的生活世界和社会关系，“即时性”取代了历史上的“历时性”。各种App所带来的碎片化、片段式的“浏览式阅读”和多感体验，及其所带来的即时性、跳跃性、多选性、远程在场与传统城市空间中的面对面的具身交流活力明显不同，今天的城市活力营造已经不能没有数字媒介的参与。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">今天，人们正在用全新的方式更加精确地测量和理解社会和自身。人们通过自媒体(We Media)的博客、微博、抖音、贴吧等社交媒体平台对城市各种现象和发展预期表达意见、传递个体的感受和价值取向，且具有即时性、多维度、多样化和大样本的信息数据属性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">因此，我们已经进入一个全新的个体释放和能量迸发的时代，也即是“个体泛在”的“微粒社会”。随着感知现实的精确度不断提升，我们将越来越被单体化，乃至从过去的“黑箱”逐渐变成“白箱”，过去规划设计面对的是“大颗粒度”人群，每个人都在归类中被集体认知，如阶层、身份、血缘、职业、地域、年龄等，但在今天，人群所标设的平均值越来越没有意义，城市设计面临“个体即主体”的空前挑战。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">对无数个体“自由意愿”通过多源数据采集、识别和认知，可以转化为城市设计和城市建设的重要依据和决策参考，亦即具有某种主体性。于是，历史上城市自由生长中的决策个体重新找到了新的契机。“以人为本”不是居高临下的层级性传达，而是需要一种无数个体“自下而上”的意愿能够有效传达、并转化为真正的和城市设计实施中的“以人为本”。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">与历史上致力于营造确定性和可预知、连续性的空间场所不同，数字化城市设计所关注的是具有可量化定格、过程开放、允许实时修改且可与规划管理整体联动的设计成果，其成果通过设置一定的合理值域区间(冗余度)、质性变化的临界阈值，使得场所营造的成果更加真实、适变而趋于准确，符合城市空间形态导控这样的复杂系统。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">例如，笔者团队在芜湖总体城市设计中通过采用手机信令大数据、百度搜索热度、业态分布(POI)等分析方法，获得了城市建成区与人的活动圈的关系、城市空间的整体认知意象等传统城市设计无法真实完成的设计基础信息。如果再加上常规的访谈、田野调查和专家系统的介入，城市设计(规划)就有了新的建立在“活力”之上的城市逻辑支撑，精准导向的城市设计和城市空间优化改善就有了重要依据(图10～图13)。</span></p><p style="line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.6046875" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMF8rFHTicN66pBTnlad9gm5ib1YoMhcSGVXScaRFHj77RQNoF74cs5tTg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图10  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">芜湖手机信令大数据分析</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.10  Big dada analysis of cell phone in Wuhu</span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Innovative community space structure for New Area X</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: normal;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">资料来源：东南大学设计研究院，《芜湖总体城市设计》。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.67734375" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMnbQ4UmAZ1CLeW085IiafCol0wiaeKm8AW4HXFEOgQwEpSrepib31kAFcA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图11  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">百度词频大数据和现场调研叠合的芜湖公众景观认知意象</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.1</span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1 Public cognitive cityscape image by big data of Baidu word frequency and field survey in Wuhu</span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 20px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">资料来源：同图10。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.9000846740050804" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMyCHlfhtNLCb1DgGHv8kK43wPRt3CKISiaSrRYWicyIRhicM4ic7aZ6h11A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图12  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">芜湖总体城市设计概念草图</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.1</span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2 Conceptual sketch for overall urban design of Wuhu</span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">资料来源：同图10。</span></section><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.68077900084674" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMNn6WAUiaiaQ0icZou0eHXjsKQicwliag7dIQ0WPXn8aLIBCODXnImkd641A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图13  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">芜湖总体城市设计效果</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.1</span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3 Rendering of overall urban design of Wuhu</span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><section style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 25px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">资料来源：同图10。</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-width: 0px;border-style: initial;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(214, 0, 74);font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-right-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);border-left-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 0.1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;height: 1.2em;line-height: 1em;font-size: 1.4em;font-family: inherit;background-color: rgb(214, 0, 74);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5</section></section><section style="padding: 0.2em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;line-height: 1;font-size: 1em;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;color: rgb(42, 52, 58);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 19px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </strong><span style="font-size: 18px;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-family: inherit;text-decoration: inherit;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 19px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </strong></span><strong>结语 </strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: 微软雅黑;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5.1  在观念上重新认识中国城乡发展与活力营造的科学内涵，正确把握城市发展建设决策主体介入的度和实效性，淡化“自上而下”的简单“赋予”</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">应该淡化利益格局、上下结合，致力于营造“百姓满意、专家认同、领导接受”的城乡活力场所。真正体现城市发展建设的“以人民为中心”的理念；</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">城市发展和建设要真正“以人为本”，要让人们主观能动地参与城市发展并有“获得感”。今天，在“人人互联”和“万物互联”的新一代互联网发展前景下，“个体即主体”已经成为可能。</span></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: 微软雅黑;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5.2  把握好显性活力营造的当代规划设计途径</span></strong></span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">把握好城市活力营造的专业途径。在规划可控的城市空间领域范围内，建构局地“熟人社会”。如大量的城市居住组团及周边地区、特定的基于职住平衡规划建设的员工宿舍区、部分城中村等，设计可根据社区生活公共服务设施或开放空间(如广场、绿地、滨水)建构步行生活圈内的城市慢行系统。如基于服务步行半径的绿地公共空间分布，形成众多城市组团群落或具有高度共享特点的“亚社区”。具有“开放的艺术实践”性质的双年展、艺术季等事件也同样可以重新打开城市生活的审美维度，提升城市公共空间的体验质量。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: 微软雅黑;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5.3  特别关注新数据环境下的隐性活力的营造</span></strong></span></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">在新一代移动互联网、大数据和万物互联的新数据环境下，需要关注更具城市发展活力催化作用的“信息流”的作用。今天的“大众点评”“饿了吗”和外卖等改变了“金角银边草肚皮”的地理区位原则，对传统的商业布局方式和模式产生重大影响，人们选择消费可能不再仅仅关注便捷，而是取决于用户评价乃至抖音网红推送，这些对于未来的城市形态架构、空间布局模式、环境设施支撑均会产生巨大影响。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">历史地看，城市就是人类聚居的产物，街道广场一直是人流和信息汇聚的中心。虽然高层建筑增加了人流和信息的叠合度，但城市规模和尺度还是有流量边界的，而今天这种信息传播汇聚已经不完全是地理尺度上的了。在今天和未来，多中心和“泛中心化”的城市可能会呈现出普遍的意义。</span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">城市可能会由很多具有多元、动态、非永久性物理中心建构特点的人流聚集界域或地区所构成，包括：城市中一个一个升级后的传统商业热点地区(如增加夜市)及分布更为广泛的、线上线下结合和人群类别分享的星巴克、健身房、网红专卖店这样的“信息流量”的汇聚点等。当今的城市活力与“网红”形象的中心性临时建构还和流行时尚元素相关，有些激发城市活力的“网红打卡”场所恰恰是网络传媒为主要信息渠道的新产物，它们并不与可达性和区位价值直接相关(图14)。</span></section><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;"><img class="rich_pages" data-ratio="0.7502116850127011" data-s="300,640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjFQLR65FCBTquuXPOHWpgMkGEK1z5Wcwpku0AictOvdycFGq5gCKoxH9IicXyN8JX3OIZbFE4YGkGA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style=""  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;color: rgb(214, 0, 74);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图14  </span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">北京“春风习习”图书馆</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig.14  “Spring Whispers” Book Club, Beijing</span><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><section style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 20px 8px 5px;line-height: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">隐性活力营造不再完全取决于特定的空间场所和物理边界，而是与新一代数字时代“原住民”的行为特点有关，他们热切拥抱未来，勇于探索新知、并不断在日常行动中习得与陌生人交往的能力，从而建构出一个更加具有开放和包容性的现代社会，而与此相关的就是现今城市和未来城市的“隐性活力”营造。</span><br  /></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">在传统城市空间交往功能逐渐衰微，并变成主要是中老年人聚集活动场所(聊天、广场舞、打牌等)的情况下，健身休闲和建立在移动IP线上终端交往基础上的人际沟通、商业购物和社交活动，将会是城市和建筑设计师需要在营造城市公共空间环境时特别关注的。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">当然，绝大多数情况下，世界的变化总体还是渐进的。我们不需要推到重来，不需要“运动式”“到计时”地推进和打造，只需要对变化进行一些优化完善就好。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">总体来看，笔者认为，未来城市发展正在从多维空间城市走向泛维数字城市，从“集体意志”的城市走向“个体泛在”的城市。泛维数字城市意味着个体的泛在、非具身主体的泛在及虚拟和实体活力场所互动的泛在。信息主导的城市基础设施，包括信息传输率(网络速度)和信道容量(带宽)与城市活力发生了奇妙的穿越式握手。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">数字科技发展正在深刻改变人类的生产模式、社会交往和生活方式。城市中曾经的垂直性层级构造正在消解。同时性、扁平化、离散型和非层级化的社会结构正在呈现。一个由物理和时间维度所定义的城市空间正孕育着一场具有某种颠覆性的“涅槃和再生”，一个“从多维城市到泛维城市”的城市演进过程正在发生，一个“个体泛在”“个体即主体”的社会正在到来。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">城市活力应该具有一定的“灰度”。活力场所营造应该是一种介于正统主流价值认为应该管束与活力产生主体个性驰骋之间的一种公共产品的供给。对于参与和分享的社会人群，需要将交往和交流变得自由自在，并让多数人感到舒适惬意，并通过闲暇休憩、生活交往和思想激发碰撞产生正向推动社会进步的动能。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">今天，我们迫切需要重新认识“显性活力”和“隐性活力”共构的未来宜居城市。而与此同时，、城市设计及具有城市意识的建筑设计仍将在其中继续发挥关键性的作用。</span></p><section><br  /></section><section style="margin-top: 0em;padding: 1em 0em;max-width: 100%;font-size: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(204, 204, 204);border-bottom: 1px dashed rgb(204, 204, 204);box-sizing: 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Shanghai: Shanghai Publishing House，2015.</span></p><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: left;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">4  诺伯-舒茨. 场所精神——迈向建筑现象学[M]. 施植明，译. 台北：田园城市文化事业有限公司，1995.</span></p><section style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: left;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">NORBERG-SCHULZ C. Genius Loci: Towards Phenomenology of Architecure[M]. SHI Zhimin，trans. Taipei: Garden City Publishing LTD，1995.</span></section><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: left;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">5  王建国，崔愷，高源，等. 中国城市设计发展前沿论坛综述：城市人居环境营造的新趋势、新洞见[J]. 建筑学报，2018(4)：1-3.</span></p><section style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: left;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">WANG Jianguo，CUI Kai，GAO Yuan，et al. Review: New Tendencies and New Insights of the Construction of Urban Human Settlement[J]. Architectural Journal，2018(4): 1-3.</span></section><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;text-align: left;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">6  JACOBS J. The Death and Life of Great American Cities[M]. New York: Vintage Books，1992.</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.48px;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;">微信改版后</span></strong><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;font-size: 15px;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;">好多人说不能很方便找到我了</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;">其实把咱们</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“城</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">市规划”置顶</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;">就可以啦</span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;min-height: 17px;line-height: 27.2px;widows: 1;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.48px;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 2px;">只需要</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5秒钟哟~</span></strong></span></section><p style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: center;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="__bg_gif" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.9203125" data-type="gif" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/SdNVtxmtcRiarCYiclbibw0tx4nuld0vwU9ScXl6gq8Bpbh8o8yZlxbo8y8jBcCBC74ubpiaHy1ic6k3wcqJbCFBWBA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 640px !important;"  /></p><section><section powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;margin-bottom: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="float: left;width: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;margin-bottom: 4px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent transparent rgb(192, 21, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: left top;-webkit-transform-origin: left top;-moz-transform-origin: left top;-o-transform-origin: left top;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="float: right;width: 16px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;margin-bottom: 4px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent transparent;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: right top;-webkit-transform-origin: right top;-moz-transform-origin: right top;-o-transform-origin: right top;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-bottom-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 5px 8px;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">官方投稿网址</strong></span>：http://www.planning.com.cn</span></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微博</span></strong></span>：http://weibo.com/cityplanningreview</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">微信号</span></strong></span>：</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">电子期刊</span></strong></span>：App Store搜索“”(支持iPad下载)</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国内统一刊号</span></strong></span>：CN 11-2378/TU</span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 8px;font-size: 15px;text-align: left;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(171, 25, 66);"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国际标准刊号</span></strong></span>：ISSN 1002-132</span></section></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;width: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: left bottom;-webkit-transform-origin: left bottom;-moz-transform-origin: left bottom;-o-transform-origin: left bottom;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-top: 4px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent transparent rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="float: right;width: 16px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);width: 16px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: right bottom;-webkit-transform-origin: right bottom;-moz-transform-origin: right bottom;-o-transform-origin: right bottom;border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-left: auto;margin-top: 4px;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent rgb(192, 21, 21) rgb(192, 21, 21) transparent;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section><section style="padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 21, 21);border-top-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-right-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);border-left-color: rgb(192, 21, 21);box-sizing: border-box;height: 0px;line-height: 0;"><br  /></section></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="558" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="275" data-ratio="0.5255731922398589" data-s="300,640" data-type="gif" data-w="567" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/SdNVtxmtcRiaRRGMYpf5IMDDYv7hrsYzbm1Qy3NypQme09sqSMlEUWG1vmPfwqSUtjvVM8SBic3ibtxZWav0XPyqw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 558px !important;"  /><strong style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(217, 33, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">关注我们，精彩无限~！<img data-ratio="1" src="https://res.wx.qq.com/mpres/htmledition/images/icon/common/emotion_panel/smiley/smiley_84.png" data-w="20" width="20px" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: text-bottom;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 20px !important;"  /></span></strong></p></section></section>
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