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<p><br  /></p><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;font-size: 16px;text-align: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(125, 84, 7);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">本文授权转自中国土地科学</strong></section><p><strong style="font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(125, 84, 7);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">，欢迎关注！</strong></p><p><br  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(125, 84, 7);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></strong></p><section style="padding: 10px 10px 30px;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(208, 232, 97);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 20px;margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;line-height: 28px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 14px;text-indent: 35px;max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">《土地科学动态》2019年第6期重点关注《土地管理法》的修改与实施。主要议题包括：新《土地管理法》修订有哪些重大突破及对未来相关领域的影响、新《土地管理法》的实施落地还需要哪些相关领域的配套改革、新《土地管理法》的修改为哪些改革预留法律空间及未来立法展望等。针对这些议题，编辑部特别邀请相关领域专家撰写了系列观点性文章，现通过本微信公众号陆续推出，敬请关注。</span></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -30px;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);width: 50px;float: right;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 50px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img data-ratio="0.7666666666666667" data-type="png" data-w="60" class="" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/uN1LIav7oJib5TiaJsjlBnib3SOZb0yc42X0X1UHK7nwSgmgaQnyvuf78UXibAwVgEdic6IvBoJOlcFdLX5obMSl36A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="display: block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 50px !important;"  /></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="text-align: center;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 17px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;">解释论视域下新《土地管理法》对城市边界形成的作用</span></strong></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 14px;">成都大学法学院   陶钟太朗</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-indent: 112px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="95794" style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 35px;background: rgb(254, 254, 254);transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="1.8148148148148149" data-type="png" data-w="27" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/jJjQVgHUbgGDF0K4PKb4U65bkXrnyEyx1ViaibHqlykrtEicAw4Ums4ibS3MjaXfAYAlx7tNUV9SCUZuDBYeR0GPoA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="display: block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 20px !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-top: -25px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(79, 170, 171);border-radius: 20px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="" style="padding: 1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(79, 170, 171);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 29px;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 14px;">高速城镇化背景下，城市以“摊大饼”的形式“肆虐”扩张，是近二十年来我国城市发展的常态。我国人地矛盾本就十分突出，而扩张型的大城市多位于膏腴之地平原地带，因为城市的发展，曾经的沃野千里就变为了钢筋混凝土森林。近年来，人们不断赞叹我国城市建设取得了长足的进步，“城市让生活更美好”！但反向思之，良田越来越少也是不争的事实，人地矛盾更加尖锐。对城市（城镇）扩张的边界限定，已是刻不容缓。十九大报告明确提出要完成“生态保护红线、永久基本农田、城镇开发边界三条控制线划定工作”，决策层已经将任务布置下，但如何落实并完成这一任务？除硬性地以各种规划限定发展边界外，还应有相关的规范性文件以及强有力的执法措施与之相适配。否则，能否实质性地达成上述目标，就颇值疑问了。值得欣慰的是，此次《土地管理法》修订，在一定程度上对上述问题进行了回答。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="95032" style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -3em;margin-left: 0.4em;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 40px 10px 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-weight: bold;border-radius: 30px;font-size: 24px;background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, rgb(255, 255, 255), rgb(249, 252, 255), rgb(169, 219, 254), rgb(66, 176, 253));overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">01</section></section><section data-bgless="spin" data-bglessp="60" data-bgopacity="50%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;background: rgb(144, 208, 253);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: -5px 5px 5px -5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(224, 242, 254);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="" style="padding: 1em 1em 1em 5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family: 宋体;">征收制度的进一步收紧，正向限制了城市扩张的脚步</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">对集体土地进行征收，将集体土地变为国有，同时变更土地用途，将“农用地”变为“建设用地”，是城市扩张的常规方式。原《土地管理法》欠缺对土地征收的限制性条款，再加以“土地财政”这一“内生动力”，征收行为不断发生，城市边界近乎是无限制地扩大。此次《土地管理法》修订，对土地征收行为进一步收紧，将有效限制城市扩张的脚步。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">1.<span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">首次界定了公共利益，并细化了土地征收需符合的规划要求</span></span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;"></span></strong></span></p><section style="margin-bottom: -8px;"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;width: 22px;height: 8px;margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;"><section data-bgless="spin" data-bglessp="280" style="width: 8px;height: 8px;background: #87b2e0;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 8px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;"></section><section data-bgless="spin" data-bglessp="180" style="width: 8px;height: 8px;background: #f1948b;"></section></section><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;width: 38px;height: 8px;margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;"><section data-bgless="spin" data-bglessp="180" style="width: 8px;height: 8px;background: #bad1ed;"></section><section style="width: 24px;height: 8px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;"></section><section data-bgless="spin" data-bglessp="280" style="width: 8px;height: 8px;background: #87b2e0;"></section></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;box-shadow: rgb(218, 218, 218) 0px 2px 10px;" data-width="100%"><section style="padding: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(186, 209, 237);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(63, 62, 63);padding: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-indent: 32px;"></span><span style="text-indent: 32px;font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">原《土地管理法》仅是规定了“国家为了公共利益的需要，可以依法对土地实行征收或者征用并给予补偿”。但什么是公共利益？原法并未进行界定，而我国法律体系中，亦未有该“公共利益”的对应性概念可供参照适用，这使得土地征收过程中“公共利益”这一前置性条件形同虚设，地方政府可以就此进行任意解释以实现其征收目的。此次《土地管理法》修订，以列举方式首次明确了哪些是属于公共利益可予征收的范围，它们是<strong>（<span style="font-family: Calibri;">1</span>）军事和外交用地；（<span style="font-family: Calibri;">2</span>）政府组织实施的能源等基础设施需要用地的；（<span style="font-family: Calibri;">3</span>）政府组织实施的科技等公共事业需要用地的；（<span style="font-family: Calibri;">4</span>）政府组织实施的扶贫或保障性安居工程需要用地的；（<span style="font-family: Calibri;">5</span>）特定情况下的成片开发建设需要用地的；（<span style="font-family: Calibri;">6</span>）法律规定为公共利益需要可以征收农民集体所有的土地的其他情形。</strong>换言之，2020年<span style="font-family: Calibri;">1</span>月<span style="font-family: Calibri;">1</span>起，所有的土地征收，均需符合上述六项条件中的一项，方能进行。</span></section></section></section></section><p style="text-indent:32px;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">除此之外，新法还细致化了土地征收需符合的规划要求，这进一步降低了土地征收行为发生的可能性。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">上例所有的建设活动，均需符合国民经济和社会发展规划、土地利用总体规划、城乡规划和专项规</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">划</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">这意味着，土地征收行为，还会受到上级政府、本级人大、政协、社会公众以及相关专家的约束</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">；</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">其中的第（</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">4</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">）项和第（</span><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Calibri;">5</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">）项用地行为，还需要纳入“国民经济和社会发展</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">年度计划”，这需要经过本级人大批准方能实施；</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">而第（</span><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Calibri;">5</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">）项用地行为，即最容易发生土地征收滥用的“成片开发建设”，还应符合国务院自然资源主管部门规定的标准。</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">对公共利益的界定，以及对土地征收发生更为细致化的规划要求，将有效降低征收行为的发生。</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;"><br  /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">2.<span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">土地征收程序复合化</span></span></strong></span></p><p style="text-align:left;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 150%;"><br  /></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="7"><section style="white-space: normal;padding-left: 10px;max-width: 100%;border-left: 5px solid rgb(157, 180, 194);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(102, 102, 102, 0.8);text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="text-indent: 28px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Apple Color Emoji", "Emoji Symbols Font", "Segoe UI Symbol", Arial, sans-serif;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 28px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 15px;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-indent: 28px;font-size: 15px;"></span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">传统的土地征收，操作方式是</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">“两公告一登记”，即在征地审批之后，由地方人民政府先就《征用土地方案》进行公告</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">，再由市、县人民政府土地行政主管部门就《征地补偿、安置方案》进行公告；被征地农村集体经济组织、农村村民或者其它权利主体应当在征用土地公告规定的期限内办理补偿登记手续，并可就《征地补偿、安置方案》提不同意见或要求举行听证会。</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-indent: 28px;font-size: 15px;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 28px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 15px;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-indent: 42px;font-size: 16px;font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;"></span></section><p style="font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(102, 102, 102, 0.8);"><span style="text-indent: 28px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Apple Color Emoji", "Emoji Symbols Font", "Segoe UI Symbol", Arial, sans-serif;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span></p></section></section><p class="before-image"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">此次修法，对土地征收程序的修改较大，与之前土地征收程序开始于征地审批之后不同，修订后的土地征收程序开始于征地审批之前，因此，可将该程序分为审批前阶段和审批后阶段两个部分。审批前包括</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">“调查”、“评估”、“公告”、“听证”、“登记”和“协议”等程序，审批后则包括“公告”和“实施”两个阶段。这种程序安排将曾经的土地征收矛盾前置化，即通过“调查”和“评估”，基本能够确定该幅土地征收存不存在难以继续的风险；而之后的“公告”、“听证”程序，则进一步将潜在的征地矛盾表面化，被征地民众的诉求能够得到充分的表达和解决；“登记”和“协议”，则能将矛盾固化，以保障审批之后，土地征收的顺利进行。上述无论是哪个阶段，若发现征收该幅土地确实存在较大困难，均可以终止土地征收。</span><br  /></p><p style="text-align:left;text-indent: 32px;line-height: 150%;"><br  /></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="7"><section style="white-space: normal;padding-left: 10px;max-width: 100%;border-left: 5px solid rgb(157, 180, 194);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(102, 102, 102, 0.8);text-indent: 2em;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="text-indent: 28px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Apple Color Emoji", "Emoji Symbols Font", "Segoe UI Symbol", Arial, sans-serif;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 28px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 15px;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-indent: 28px;font-size: 15px;"></span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">这种将土地征收矛盾前置的方式，同样提高了政府在进行土地征收时的谈判成本，特别是“听证”和“协议”程序。</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">被征地主体认为补偿安置方案不符合规范的，可以申请听证，此系利益诉求的积极表达渠道；</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">当被征地主体认为补偿标准达不到预期的，可以以不签订《补偿安置协议》的方式，消极地表达自己的利益诉求。</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">当被征地主体与政府无法达成《补偿安置协议》的，政府必须将该情况在申请征收土地时如实说明。</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">显然，审批机关必然会将该问题作为是否予以审批的重要考量。</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">事实上，先前的制度试点通常会有签约率要求，即与被征地主体签约率达到某一比例（部分地区要求是</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;font-family: Calibri;">95%</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">以上，也有地区要求达到</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;font-family: Calibri;">100%</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">的签约率），当地政府才能申请土地征收。</span><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 32px;">将来的《土地管理法实施条例》修订，可能会涉及该内容。</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-indent: 28px;font-size: 15px;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: 1.5px;text-indent: 28px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 15px;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-indent: 42px;font-size: 16px;font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;"></span></section><p style="font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(102, 102, 102, 0.8);"><span style="text-indent: 28px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Apple Color Emoji", "Emoji Symbols Font", "Segoe UI Symbol", Arial, sans-serif;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span></p></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 32px;">综上而言，改革后的土地征收制度，较大幅度地提高了地方政府进行土地征收时的谈判成本，这也会对其土地征收行为形成一定的限制。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 32px;"><br  /></span></p><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">3.<span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">征收补偿标准变更</span></span></strong></span><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;"></span></strong></span></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="94938"><section style="width:100%;" data-width="100%"><section style="width: 6em;margin-left: 10px;"><img class="assistant" data-ratio="0.14427860696517414" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/jJjQVgHUbgFHPDJNP55FaUsqwvfr6bYBcFgzIibTuJduiaou9uXZvjtuKbffCJibYyJSILDgzAU4Dn77TWsv9INpQ/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="201" data-width="100%" style="width: 100%;display: block;"  /></section><section style="margin-top:2px;display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: flex-start;"><section style="width: 15px;"><img class="assistant" data-ratio="6.114285714285714" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/jJjQVgHUbgFHPDJNP55FaUsqwvfr6bYBOUedAhtSbzics2NiabibI5rFJNRGDXb6IibfJQ4DrjDKf6icDDAwjRGk3xA/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="35" style="width: 18px;display: block;"  /></section><section style="flex: 1 1 0%;background: rgb(245, 253, 253);"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;padding: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="text-indent: 32px;font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">本次修订之前，土地征收补偿标准以</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;">产值数倍法</span></strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;">确定，即以被征地作为农用地时的产值为基准计算。修订之后的征收补偿规范，更为体系化地设置了征收补偿制度。</span></span><span style="text-indent: 32px;font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(2, 30, 170);">首先明确了补偿原则，即要给予“公平、合理的补偿”；其次，具体化了对被征主体的基本保障要求，即“被征地农民原有生活水平不降低、长远生计有保障”；第三，除原有的土地补偿费和安置补助费外，还单列了住宅补偿费和被征地农民社保费用；第四，修订了征地补偿的计算方式，将原有的“产值数倍法”修改为“综合地价法”，其计算的依据是“综合考虑土地原用途、土地资源条件、土地产值、土地区位、土地供求关系、人口以及经济社会发展水平等因素”。</span><span style="text-indent: 32px;font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">显然，以“综合地价法”确定的土地补偿标准将远高于原“产值数倍法”确定的标准。</span><span style="font-size: 15px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-indent:32px;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">通过对征收补偿制度的完善，将进一步缓解土地征收过程中政府与被征地主体之间的矛盾，同时，也会大幅度地提高政府的土地征收成本。“土地财政”是地方政府热衷于对集体土地进行征收的内在动因，而其原动力的大小取决于土地征收成本与出让建设用地使用权所获收益之间的差价，这种差价越大，其对征收行为的热衷度越高；反之，其差价越小，其对征收行为的热衷度越低。此次《土地管理法》修订，极大地增加了土地征收成本，这将在一定程度上降低地方政府进行土地征收的内在驱动力，城市扩张的步伐因此将</span><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">会有所缓和。</span></p><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="95032" style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -3em;margin-left: 0.4em;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 40px 10px 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-weight: bold;border-radius: 30px;font-size: 24px;background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, rgb(255, 255, 255), rgb(249, 252, 255), rgb(169, 219, 254), rgb(66, 176, 253));overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">02</section></section><section data-bgless="spin" data-bglessp="60" data-bgopacity="50%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;background: rgb(144, 208, 253);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: -5px 5px 5px -5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(224, 242, 254);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="" style="padding: 1em 1em 1em 5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family: 宋体;">农用地保护的进一步加强，反向束缚了城市扩张的脚步</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-indent:32px;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">从“基本农田”到“永久基本农田”，绝不是增加两个字起“强调”作用。新法中对“永久基本农田”的保护强度远高于原法中对“基本农田”的保护强度。</span></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="94938"><section style="width:100%;" data-width="100%"><section style="width: 6em;margin-left: 10px;"><img class="assistant" data-ratio="0.14427860696517414" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/jJjQVgHUbgFHPDJNP55FaUsqwvfr6bYBcFgzIibTuJduiaou9uXZvjtuKbffCJibYyJSILDgzAU4Dn77TWsv9INpQ/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="201" data-width="100%" style="width: 100%;display: block;"  /></section><section style="margin-top:2px;display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: flex-start;"><section style="width: 15px;"><img class="assistant" data-ratio="6.114285714285714" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/jJjQVgHUbgFHPDJNP55FaUsqwvfr6bYBOUedAhtSbzics2NiabibI5rFJNRGDXb6IibfJQ4DrjDKf6icDDAwjRGk3xA/640?wx_fmt=gif" data-type="gif" data-w="35" style="width: 18px;display: block;"  /></section><section style="flex: 1 1 0%;background: rgb(245, 253, 253);"><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;padding: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 24px;">具体来说，</span><strong style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 24px;white-space: normal;">修订前对“基本农田”的数量要求是“应当占本行政区域内耕地的<span style="font-family: Calibri;">80%</span>以上”，修订后对“永久基本农田”的数量表述略有不同，即“一般应当占本行政区域耕地的<span style="font-family: Calibri;">80%</span>以上，具体比例由国务院根据各省、自治区、直辖市耕地的实际情况规定”。</strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 24px;">这</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 24px;">“一般应当”并非是放松对“永久基本农田”的比例要求，而是更加科学地根据各行政区划各自地形地貌等特点，制定更为符合自然事实的比例要求，这样形成的比例要求</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 24px;">更为客观，其可执行性更强。需要强调的是，比例要求的规定主体是国务院，而非各省、自治区、直辖市政府，这样可防止地方政府故意调低永久基本农田比例行为的发生。</span><span style="font-size: 15px;text-indent: 28px;font-family: 宋体;"></span></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 2em;">具体的保护方式上，除秉承了原法中基本农田转建设用地需国务院审批这一基本原则外，还在以下方面所有加强：</span></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="95579"><section style="width:100%;" data-width="100%"><section style="background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/jJjQVgHUbgFHPDJNP55FaUsqwvfr6bYB8jy4FvibiaeLFP0csUp0L06KWgQLjSapZUedXy5Yzraq9l3Zuk99U2zw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");background-position: initial;background-repeat: repeat-y;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;background-size: 100%;"><section class="135brush" style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(63, 62, 63);padding: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-indent: 28px;font-size: 15px;"></span><span style="text-indent: 34px;font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">首先，严格限制了占用或改变永久基本农田用途的情形，即只有在</span><span style="text-indent: 34px;font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;">“国家能源、交通、水利、军事设施等重点建设项目选址确实难以避让永久基本农田”，并经国务院批准，方能进行永久基本农田转用。这意味着，省级以下地方政府的公共设施选址，将要对永久基本农田绕道而行；</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 34px;">其次，细致化了永久基本农田的公示措施，扩大了对永久基本农田保护进行监督的主体，新法要求：</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 34px;">“乡（镇）人民政府应当将永久基本农田的位置、范围向社会公告，并设立保护标志”，这无疑极大地增强了永久基本农田的公示性，一旦社会公众发现了侵害永久基本农田的行为，则可加以举报以惩治违法行为；</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 34px;">第三，新法明确了宅基地不能占用“永久基本农田”，使得集体建设用地也不能从“永久基本农田”中寻求增量。</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 32px;"></span></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 2em;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;text-indent: 32px;text-align: justify;">综上，由于对“永久基本农田”的特别保护，基本上切断了城市扩张从“永久基本农田”中寻求增量这样一种可能，集体建设用地也不能从“永久基本农田”中寻求增量，而“永久基本农田”在数量上的要求并未降低，故而，这将反向束缚城市扩张的脚步。</span></section><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:16px;"></span></p><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="95032" style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -3em;margin-left: 0.4em;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 40px 10px 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-weight: bold;border-radius: 30px;font-size: 24px;background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, rgb(255, 255, 255), rgb(249, 252, 255), rgb(169, 219, 254), rgb(66, 176, 253));overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">03</section></section><section data-bgless="spin" data-bglessp="60" data-bgopacity="50%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;background: rgb(144, 208, 253);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: -5px 5px 5px -5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(224, 242, 254);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="" style="padding: 1em 1em 1em 5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family:宋体;">对集体经营性建设用地入市的特别讨论</span></span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:16px;"></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">集体经营性建设用地入市需要作特别讨论。<strong>此次修法的一大亮点是集体经营性建设用地符合一定条件可以直接入市</strong>，未来的城市，将会既有国有建设用地，也会存在集体建设用地。于是，这样一个设问就会出现，即城市的扩张，不再通过土地征收的方式实现，而以集体经营性建设用地这样一个新渠道实施。对该问题的回答，需要从集体经营性建设用地的来源着手。依据对农用地的保护条款，村集体无法从农用地中寻求集体建设用地的增量，而只能从原集体建设用地，空置的公益性、公共设施用地或者闲置的宅基地腾挪着手，即只能从存量的集体建设用地中寻求“集体经营性建设用地”。换言之，允许集体经营性建设用地入市，并不是敞开了将农村非建设用地转化为建设用地这个口子，并不会造成集体农用地减少而建设用地增加这一后果。因此，允许集体经营性建设用地入市，并不会给城市无序扩张提供制度上的漏洞。</span></p><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="95032" style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -3em;margin-left: 0.4em;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 40px 10px 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-weight: bold;border-radius: 30px;font-size: 24px;background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, rgb(255, 255, 255), rgb(249, 252, 255), rgb(169, 219, 254), rgb(66, 176, 253));overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">04</section></section><section data-bgless="spin" data-bglessp="60" data-bgopacity="50%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;background: rgb(144, 208, 253);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: -5px 5px 5px -5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(224, 242, 254);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="" style="padding: 1em 1em 1em 5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family:宋体;">未来城市的发展空间</span></span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;text-indent: 32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;"></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">还需要回答这样一个问题，城镇扩张的步伐被限制住之后，未来城镇如何发展？停滞前进，原地踏步，这显然不是我国社会经济发展的应有之意。“城市让生活变得更美好”这一核心旨意并未发生变化。未来，城镇的发展，应依托于城镇的内部更新。事实上，随着传统城区的持续性老化以及高速城镇化过程中的扩张无序性，城镇内部的更新既是一个重要问题，也是未来城镇发展的核心着力点。</span><span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:16px;"></span></p><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="95032" style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-bottom: -3em;margin-left: 0.4em;max-width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 40px 10px 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-weight: bold;border-radius: 30px;font-size: 24px;background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, rgb(255, 255, 255), rgb(249, 252, 255), rgb(169, 219, 254), rgb(66, 176, 253));overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">05</section></section><section data-bgless="spin" data-bglessp="60" data-bgopacity="50%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;background: rgb(144, 208, 253);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: -5px 5px 5px -5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(224, 242, 254);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="" style="padding: 1em 1em 1em 5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family:宋体;">结语</span></span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;text-indent: 32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px;"></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 15px;">经过近20年的高速发展，如何限制城市的无限扩张，防止城市发展侵蚀农业生产的空间？是摆在国人面前的重大问题。问题业已提出，此次《土地管理法》修订，在一定程度上回答这个问题，并提供了解决该问题可供依凭的部分规范。下一步，需在实际执行过程中严格执法，同时根据适时反馈意见进行法律的进一步修订，以实现在限制城市无限扩张过程中的良法支撑。</span><span style="font-size: 16px;font-family: 宋体;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;font-family: 宋体;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（本文责编：蒋仁开）<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></span></p><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="94095" style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;white-space: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;background: rgb(206, 228, 245);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;background: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/jJjQVgHUbgHfdbGd3vgcia2wLSfDxoicicTXHTI2BqR3CLZSajt5ibphegBYMCwZTetFPXlN253bFxtZnj5z8GeM2Q/640?wx_fmt=png") center top / 100% no-repeat;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;background: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/jJjQVgHUbgHfdbGd3vgcia2wLSfDxoicicTXHTI2BqR3CLZSajt5ibphegBYMCwZTetFPXlN253bFxtZnj5z8GeM2Q/640?wx_fmt=png") center bottom / 100% no-repeat;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="" style="padding: 1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(63, 62, 63);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">声明：</strong><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">本文为原创作品，版权归属于《中国土地科学》编辑部，纸媒、网站、微博、微信公众号转载请注明出处，对于不注明出处的侵权行为，本刊保留追究法律责</span></section></section></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);text-align: center;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="padding: 15px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;width: 502.358px;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(197, 226, 224);border-radius: 5px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TbfTDrSBmDOIic7apQoPHAh15cLWCHzSyu0QL7m4BJKqtoYkYic7JJ3rCYUtmmJ6XNj0IiaurTa12eDibKNFIGoRicg/640?wx_fmt=png");background-attachment: scroll;background-size: 107.589%;background-position: 233.929% 1.8202%;background-repeat: repeat;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 23.2727px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">来源：中国土地科学</span></span></p></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 23.2727px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 23.2727px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">审读：刘芳</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);text-align: center;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">声明：</span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">本文来源：</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 25.6px;color: rgb(122, 68, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);line-height: 25.6px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">授权转自中国土地科学</span></strong></span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">，版权归原作者所有，如需转载</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 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style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">（点击蓝字可打开链接</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;padding-left: 0.45em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="padding: 5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-left: 2px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛1】基于陆海统筹的海岸带空间规划研究综述与展望<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛2】粤港澳大湾区空间发展的制度响应<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛3】陆海统筹指导下的深圳海岸带规划探索<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛4】围填海影响下的海岸带生态安全管控与规划策略<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛5】广西北部湾海岸带开发利用与生态格局构建<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);text-indent: 0em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛6】环渤海大湾区基础设施建设及区域带动绩效研究</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="margin-left: -0.45em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 0px;border-top: 1em solid rgb(156, 94, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;border-left: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.5em solid transparent !important;"></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 9px;height: 9px;float: left;border-top: 2px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 2px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 9px;height: 9px;float: right;border-top: 2px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 2px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="margin-top: -5px;margin-bottom: -5px;padding-right: 4px;padding-left: 4px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;overflow: hidden !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="0.75" data-type="jpeg" data-w="640" width="auto" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miamsmdkCRSekMMOyPpdibRtnHJ6nReg68o2REQYkpx4HjnlpkicyomwR5h8e8wQlJuYaCocsfmIiaflw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);background-size: 22px;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;vertical-align: middle;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 287px !important;"  /></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-bottom: 4px;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">《规划师》杂志社                                               </p></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 290px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">邮编：530029</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">电话：0771-2438012</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">传真：0771-2436269</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section>
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