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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 2px none rgb(255, 202, 0);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(125, 146, 160);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-53202-1534475045474" style="line-height: 1.8;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文需阅读 - 21分钟</p></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 60%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgba(95, 156, 239, 0.69);background-color: rgb(195, 192, 192);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-shadow: rgb(81, 111, 180) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(76, 27, 157);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(81, 111, 180);background-color: rgba(201, 199, 199, 0.62);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(58, 53, 53);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Sustainable</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgba(201, 199, 199, 0.62);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(58, 53, 53);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cities &</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgba(201, 199, 199, 0.62);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(58, 53, 53);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Mobility</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 2px solid rgb(179, 179, 179);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(179, 179, 179);padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">城市规划与发展战略</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">城市综合交通</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通与非机动化出行</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">活力街区、街道与城市设计</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(244, 10, 10);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">量化城市与大数据</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(206, 171, 38);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">「」</strong></span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;padding: 0px 5px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2019年<span style="color: rgb(125, 146, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"> | 11月15</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">日期</span></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 40%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;font-size: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 70%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaicWDhicWfNmM5xknmsaqvkoNBQUTJB0DfYrbKu9lJy4wjwmR3nlXgNib1r9EG6KMhGz0Z9miaswdn7lw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="1.0234604105571847" data-w="682"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(181, 190, 143);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 17%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Z6jjBcicmicfGVZMPZJCQic0Hn6RZlUUBlUs7iawMYVZNicrGf0bNjLnmGib5gcRuQSriaagNhYbKxOhacP3uRd3HmTvQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(94, 164, 178);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">团队成员<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 5%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Z6jjBcicmicfGVZMPZJCQic0Hn6RZlUUBlUs7iawMYVZNicrGf0bNjLnmGib5gcRuQSriaagNhYbKxOhacP3uRd3HmTvQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Z6jjBcicmicfGVZMPZJCQic0Hn6RZlUUBlUs7iawMYVZNicrGf0bNjLnmGib5gcRuQSriaagNhYbKxOhacP3uRd3HmTvQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;transform: rotateZ(7deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(7deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(7deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(7deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;width: 100%;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 3.2px 3.2px 8px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto !important;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="170" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaicWDhicWfNmM5xknmsaqvkoNANKs51Pb5Cq078EAeoAM6noZ9zbvUTfYD77Sibia2IdYsbcX9Mlcs3rA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;transform: rotateZ(350deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(350deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(350deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(350deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;width: 100%;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(102, 102, 102) 3.2px 3.2px 8px;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;height: auto !important;"><img data-ratio="1.0234375" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaicWDhicWfNmM5xknmsaqvkoNuqNq6ibyGKriaxcxNLa6utWn0LwxaJHPzj9oGtKctGNAKUYsa7fpichHg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Z6jjBcicmicfGVZMPZJCQic0Hn6RZlUUBlUs7iawMYVZNicrGf0bNjLnmGib5gcRuQSriaagNhYbKxOhacP3uRd3HmTvQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;padding: 0px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.5px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">原文 |</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong>Katharine Schwab、Jon Sharman   </span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">翻译 | </strong></span><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">周舒文 </span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑 | </strong>众山小 <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">    校核 |</strong> </span><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">众山小</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文献 |</strong> </span><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">王昊諹</span><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">    </span><strong style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">排版 |</strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 马程</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 178, 188);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">微博 |</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"> weibo.com/</span></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: 10px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 7%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Z6jjBcicmicfGVZMPZJCQic0Hn6RZlUUBlUs7iawMYVZNicrGf0bNjLnmGib5gcRuQSriaagNhYbKxOhacP3uRd3HmTvQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Z6jjBcicmicfGVZMPZJCQic0Hn6RZlUUBlUs7iawMYVZNicrGf0bNjLnmGib5gcRuQSriaagNhYbKxOhacP3uRd3HmTvQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: -55px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 27%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9TiaicWDhicWfNmM5xknmsaqvkoN5KRf7UQELrD6ic6omc6K78wyXduHubkaPObCpDLiaqqpt0IWKxrIT7Tg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 0px 30px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none solid;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62) rgb(76, 27, 157);padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;padding: 0px;line-height: 1;color: rgb(94, 164, 178);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">导读</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: 10px 0% -40px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-left: 10px none rgb(255, 115, 115);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;border-right: 10px solid rgb(244, 10, 10);border-top-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在美国，人脸识别技术已经在不知不觉中被广泛使用。面对奥威尔式无处不在的监控摄像以及达98%的误报令许多人担心隐私被侵犯、以及加剧种族问题。一些政府官员认为该技术尚未成熟到可以投入使用，但许多公共部门仍然选择开始使用该技术。对此，当地民间组织如“为未来而战”采取了行动，通过绘制人脸识别技术在全美的应用分布图来帮助市民了解所在城市的情况，助力他们要求各自选区的立法委员立法限制该技术的使用。</p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -40px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 60px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-left: 10px solid rgb(58, 53, 53);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 20%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 103.69 70" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><polygon style="box-sizing: border-box;" points="103.82,63.42 103.82,21.14 82.68,21.14 88.32,0 61.54,21.14 61.54,63.42" fill="rgb(195,192,192)"></polygon><path style="stroke: rgb(143, 255, 0);stroke-width: 0.4698;stroke-miterlimit: 10;box-sizing: border-box;" d="M112.69,65.53" fill="none"></path><polygon style="box-sizing: border-box;" points="61.54,63.19 103.82,63.19 97.24,69.77 54.96,69.77" fill="rgb(58,53,53)"></polygon><polygon style="box-sizing: border-box;" 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style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ic7NlYJGfR0kytdd7CodGlyDdW6vu5bIhxVEbNgU6iaCYn4Efl2uotnU81L6vAnbOTc0UoOa7sQd2icXKGibDkunpg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(29, 29, 29);padding: 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/NdSVFAZjb1gzepxib5OW3HNg4BhDR9icTMDG22QiaHQ6VSmqD3BVEqaEsyKKibMNvQWA2FEtREL1NoEPGuS9WUt6ZQ/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 99.6914%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: 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 </p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ic7NlYJGfR0kytdd7CodGlyDdW6vu5bIhxVEbNgU6iaCYn4Efl2uotnU81L6vAnbOTc0UoOa7sQd2icXKGibDkunpg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaicWDhicWfNmM5xknmsaqvkoNL7UwX9RCPSmFib12ssWAh1GYnzWmiaPnlKBw5HQibXdw4E5HdE3J0LHEA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.562962962962963" data-w="1080"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、Marcaux/Getty</em></strong></p></section><section style="line-height: 2;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本月早些时候，加州奥克兰成为了全美第三个禁止任何市政机构使用人脸识别技术</span><span style="color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;">(https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Oakland-bans-use-of-facial-recognition-14101253.php)</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">的城市。前两座城市是加州的旧金山和麻省的Somerville。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">但这些城市仍然只是少数。致力于数字权利的民间组织“为未来而战”</span><span style="color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;">（https://www.fightforthefuture.org/）</span>制作了最新互动地图<span style="color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;">（https://www.banfacialrecognition.com/map/）</span>，向公众告知人脸识别技术在全美的应用情况：在大量添加了红色标记的地方，当地市镇与州警署均在使用该技术。这些地方包括密歇根州的底特律，内布拉斯加州的林肯，以及新墨西哥的Albuquerque。用户可以在地图上切换选项，查看不同组别使用该技术的情况。这些信息包括已经使用人脸识别技术的市和州级警察局和机场，以及正在采取行动反对人脸识别技术落地的城市。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9TiaicWDhicWfNmM5xknmsaqvkoN4iayv2D5kEDClvf5hRwZuVuo77v7ejyCQLrt0riaKmCPanPg7UMm5CjA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.5620805369127517" data-w="596"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、为未来而战</em></strong></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">人脸识别现如今已经成为了最受争议的技术之一。争论聚焦在其精准度，尤其是对棕色和黑色人种的辨识度。而这两个群体往往是警方监视的重点人群。尽管如此，如亚马逊这样的科技公司依然在将这项技术售卖给政府，结果在很多地方引发了强烈反对和动员运动，要求政府在使用人脸识别技术的过程中接受监督、公开透明<span style="color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;">(https://www.banfacialrecognition.com/)</span>。有些团体则要求全面禁止该技术的使用。倡导组织如“为明天而战”认为，由于技术本身存在误差，系统能轻易被外部入侵，这样的准确度根本还不足以大规模应用这项技术——根据英国独立报的调查，98%的人脸识别技术不准确<span style="color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;">(https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/met-police-facial-recognition-success-south-wales-trial-home-office-false-positive-a8345036.html)</span>，因此人脸识别技术应当被禁止。由于警方常常在没有充分理由的情况下使用人脸识别技术，“为明天而战”认为这项技术的使用侵犯公民自由。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">除了发起请愿向各地立法委员直接要求禁止人脸识别，为明天而战还制作了地图顺应人们对这项科技的关注，鼓励人们在本地开展倡导活动。所有地图的数据点源于乔治城隐私与科技法律中心收集的信息，此外还有民间组织细致处理并可视化后的公共信息。由于人脸识别技术的使用不属于警方必须公开的信息内容，要分辨数据清单是否全面几乎不可能。“为人民而战”表示这是目前关于政府使用人脸识别技术和相关立法情况最全面的地图。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 4px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fmZVjG3CbGt5LIibpAYkh1cjr40RiabyvUCaTbmP30912EVn5e6JQGOQBoyMcOPCLgfqV24Ba4a4NouSlWGL3xdQ/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(58, 53, 53);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(195, 192, 192);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“为人民而战”的副主任Evan Greer通过邮件对快公司（Fast Company）说：“许多监控行为都在秘密地开展，直到美国信息自由法案调查曝光或勇敢的当地社会活动人士要求公开事实。自从（这一地图工具）发布以来，我们已经收到了许多新信息告诉我们还有哪些地方在使用人脸识别，或哪些城市的警方和亚马逊门铃（Amazon Ring）正在开展合作。随着对这项危险又具有侵入性的技术的应用扩散情况越来越了解，我们一定会不断更新地图。”</em></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 96%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9TiaicWDhicWfNmM5xknmsaqvkoNOicy7LKN6EeJlRAlF2wQhhTVDib3bia1bd57u8iaBGoUpBndr2WSeSUccg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.5620805369127517" data-w="596"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图三、为未来而战</em></strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这张地图是"为未来而战"系列动员的一部分。它旨在向各地市政当局请愿通过禁令禁止使用人脸识别技术。人们可以通过登陆动员网站注册会员获取一个谷歌文档<span style="color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;">(https://www.banfacialrecognition.com/)</span>。该文档介绍了普通民众可以如何为这项运动做出贡献。他们可以在该组织的请愿书上签字、联系当地政客、以及向家人朋友传播相关知识。该文档还为帮助公众寻找和联系当地相关倡议团体给出了指引。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">尽管众多警察部门已经在使用这项技术，希望的曙光仍在。地图显示一些城市正在立法遏制人脸识别技术的肆虐和无管制地应用。例如，加利福尼亚州的Alameda和马萨诸塞州的Brookline都在起草相关法律<span style="color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;">（https://www.aclu.org/issues/privacy-technology/surveillance-technologies/community-control-over-police-surveillance）</span>，建立社区控制体系约束警方对这项技术的使用。在新奥尔良，市长Mitch Landrieu决定在2018年不再与数据挖掘公司Palantir续签监控技术合同。2017年，Nashville 通过了一项法令，限制“不受约束地使用侵犯基本隐私权的监视技术并将其馈入覆盖更广泛的国家监控系统”。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">人们可以用“为未来而战”的地图查找本州和本市的情况。该组织希望这样做能够使他们有底气在当地政府中发声，并与当地倡导团体合作，推动通过全面禁止人脸识别的法令。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 4px;box-shadow: rgb(58, 53, 53) 0px 0px 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fmZVjG3CbGt5LIibpAYkh1cjr40RiabyvUCaTbmP30912EVn5e6JQGOQBoyMcOPCLgfqV24Ba4a4NouSlWGL3xdQ/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(58, 53, 53);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">"人们对人脸识别以及这项技术本身对社区的潜在影响感到担忧。这张地图的目的是让人们把这种焦虑转化为行动，” Greer说：“我们想要人们能够轻松发现他们所在的地方是否正在使用此类监控，然后参与到地方和本州的相关行动中去，阻止这项技术的应用。”</em></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/RjCNVKCibE8U964biamjaqwZ616mJvWib0rzicib5pe4xdvNPRibyxrT7FrW0c5sxlghwLkMMD2YhakmNe7JcmWrAxuw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.034482758620689655" data-w="580"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" 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/></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ic7NlYJGfR0kytdd7CodGlyDdW6vu5bIhxVEbNgU6iaCYn4Efl2uotnU81L6vAnbOTc0UoOa7sQd2icXKGibDkunpg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.06133333333333333" data-w="750"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">英国独立报透露，在英国最大警局使用的人脸识别系统产生的警报中，98％以上是误报。英国生物识别监管机构称其“尚不适于使用”。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一则请求信息公开的报告结果显示，大都市区警察局使用的系统在已产生的104个警报中，只有两个后来被确认为有效结果。在回应中该警局表示他们没有将错误的匹配视为“误报”，因为警报在产生后有二次核查。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9TiaicWDhicWfNmM5xknmsaqvkoNOQRrGbg3Fl7wFj7cqicsK5PrMYQibiaCExQNGFLL6mkTPI16MnbLxdWzA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.75" data-w="968"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图四、英国最大警局的人脸识别系统</em></strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">人脸识别技术在视频片段中扫描人脸，并将这些图像与储存在数据库或监视名单中的照片比对。这个技术已经在大型活动如诺丁山狂欢节和六国橄榄球大赛上使用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">另一个警局——南威尔士警察局——所用的系统，自2017年6月以来，返回了超过2400个误报，分布于其15个分队。绝大多数比对结果来自当月在卡迪夫进行的欧洲冠军联赛决赛。全部结果只有234个警报是准确的，少于10%的比例。两个警察局都在系统测试阶段。</p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;text-align: left;width: 100%;padding-left: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);margin-left: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(244, 10, 10);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(244, 10, 10);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-top: -1em;margin-left: 0.2em;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 0.3em;padding-bottom: 1em;background-color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 0.2em;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(244, 10, 10);display: inline-block;width: 100%;margin-top: -1em;margin-left: -1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">英国生物识别专员——Paul Wiles教授告诉独立报，约束该技术使用的相关立法迫在眉睫。他说：“我已经告诉这两个警局，我认为这样的测试只能用于填补知识的空缺，并且测试结果要发表，接受外部同行评议。我们还在等最终报告，但我对于这样低的精确度毫不意外，因为很明显，这项技术还不适于使用。” “从治理的角度来看，技术的发展和使用总是先于立法的，这些新的生物识别技术急需立法框架，就像已有的基因和指纹技术一样。” “内政部已经承诺在6月发布生物识别技术策略，我相信草拟的立法框架会在其中。从公众信任的角度来看这一点非常重要，公众需要知道他们的生物识别信息是会被收集的，会被用在哪里，同时他们也应该知道议会已经通过了哪些规定。”</em></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">但是内政部发言人本周承认该部门还无法确定这项已经延迟发布很久的生物识别策略何时会出台。倡议者认为，这项“本质上奥威尔式”的人脸识别技术应当被禁用。同时，一些资深学者警告说，政府部门在防止技术滥用方面会面临巨大挑战。</p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;text-align: right;width: 100%;padding-right: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;text-align: left;vertical-align: bottom;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);margin-right: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;border-right: 0.8em solid rgb(58, 53, 53);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(58, 53, 53);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-left: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-top: -1em;margin-left: -0.18em;border-right: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-left: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 0.3em;padding-bottom: 1em;background-color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 0.2em;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 53, 53);display: inline-block;width: 100%;margin-top: -1em;margin-right: -1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">民间组织Big Brother Watch的压力小组将针对这一议题发起动员。机构负责人Silkie Carlo说：“警方如果要避免误判成千的无辜公民为罪犯，就必须马上停止使用实时的人脸识别。” “这是本质上奥威尔式的警用工具，它会导致普通人（在公共场合）被叫停，要求出示身份证件证明他们的清白。” “警方使用一项几乎不准确的技术是要引起人们注意的，而且这样做完全不合理。他们没有合法权力这么做，而且这种做法直接置基本的民主自由于险境。这种行为必须马上停止。”</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">诺丁汉特伦特大学的高级讲师张涛（音译）告诉独立报，有关人脸识别技术公开辩论的缺位“一定会被威权国家操纵用于政治控制的目的。有些国家已经出现这种情况。” 当在有制衡制度的民主国家如英国，“使用这种快速发展的技术所面临的危险在于公共政策无法跟上脚步。” 张博士补充道：“从医学研究、医疗保健到犯罪控制以及其他很多领域，人脸识别有巨大潜力，但它同样也使政府在防止以商业和政治为目的滥用这项技术参与非法行为时面临巨大挑战。”</em></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大都市区警察局告诉独立报，这些试验何时结束现在还不知道。警局表示他们尚未通过该系统逮捕任何人，并且系统在30天内会删除所有与误报有关的图像。没有产生警报的图像都被立即删除了。一名发言人说道。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">但至少诺丁山狂欢节有人被曝因人脸识别被误抓。根据天空新闻当时的报道，大都市区警察局坚持认为从技术上来讲他们没有被逮捕，在意识到他们因为破坏公共秩序已经被处理过了之后警员很快释放了他们。</p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;text-align: left;width: 100%;padding-left: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);margin-left: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(58, 53, 53);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(58, 53, 53);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-top: -1em;margin-left: 0.2em;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 0.3em;padding-bottom: 1em;background-color: rgb(195, 192, 192);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 0.2em;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 53, 53);display: inline-block;width: 100%;margin-top: -1em;margin-left: -1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">大都市区警局的发言人说：“这套设备用在了过去两次诺丁山狂欢节上和2017年纪念星期日的活动中，考验它是否可以协助警方在大型活动中辨识已知的违法者，保护广大民众。” “我们在测试这项技术时已经和市长办公室治安与犯罪道德委员会合作，其他还包括内政部生物识别与鉴定道德委员会、监控视频专员、信息专员、生物识别专员以及Big Brother Watch。民间组织Liberty在去年的狂欢节受邀观察这项技术的使用。”</em></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">南威尔士警察局表示他们运行了两套系统——一个是叫作Locate的实时软件，这也是和误报有关的系统；另一个叫Identity。Identity每月运行100多次，帮助跟踪罪犯。Locate“在被认为必要时”用于重要体育盛事。根据警局的声明，Locate的图像缩略图在31日内被删除。该系统自去年6月以来已经帮助逮捕了24人。450人在Identity的识别下被拘捕。</p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;text-align: right;width: 100%;padding-right: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;text-align: left;vertical-align: bottom;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);margin-right: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;border-right: 0.8em solid rgb(244, 10, 10);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(244, 10, 10);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-left: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-top: -1em;margin-left: -0.18em;border-right: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-left: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 0.3em;padding-bottom: 1em;background-color: rgb(58, 53, 53);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 0.2em;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(244, 10, 10);display: inline-block;width: 100%;margin-top: -1em;margin-right: -1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">一名南威尔士警察局的发言人补充说：“自动人脸识别（AFR）技术在南威尔士警察局的使用只能以治安为目的，所有使用请求必须和计划的目的相符。” “这个应用现在还在（测试）项目阶段，并且我们有由核心官员坐镇的双月制项目委员会这样扎实的治理体系。” “与此同时，我们还有自动人脸识别合作委员会，其中包括了来自战略合作伙伴的代表。” “自动人脸识别的部署和使用受制于2012自由保护法案，由监控视频专员监督。”</span></strong></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在独立报的采访中，监控视频专员Tony Porter表示，他的担忧在于自动人脸识别技术产生的误报数量。他说：<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;background-color: rgba(214, 208, 208, 0.27);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“担忧的来源在于整个监控视频的使用。我对技术质量是存虑的。” “我担心他们会歧视性地针对种族、性别取向甚至年龄。” “误报的数量是一个问题。商业部门可能在没有合理政策规范的情况下使用这项技术是另一个问题。” </em></span></strong>他还说，由于内政部的延迟，警察部门正在牵头制定有关人脸识别的治理体系。他补充道，出于这个原因，他们必须保证这项技术的使用过程公开透明并受到问责，同时公众要能够理解这项技术。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;background-color: rgba(214, 208, 208, 0.27);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“要在公共空间里隐蔽地使用这类设备，在这一领域是没有可能的。”</em></span> 但是最终，<span style="text-decoration: underline;background-color: rgba(214, 208, 208, 0.27);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“我认为，因为这项技术非常有入侵性，对于这类设备需要的不仅仅是一个框架”</em></span>，</strong>Porter先生呼吁一个“合理、扎实和有效的制度体系”。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">尽管如此，他表示，南威尔士警察局和大都市区警察局之前已经和他共同为这个问题而努力，这些测试是合理的。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgba(215, 213, 213, 0.42);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;box-sizing: border-box;">“我坚定地认为警方必须使用新的技术。他们不是反对技术革新的人。不能因为制度框架尚不存在而叫停他们。他们已经等了五年了。我不反对警方试点使用这一技术。”</span></em></span></strong>Porter先生说，一个包括他、警察局主要官员、和公民自由团体在内的委员会在本月末会见面，人脸识别技术将是会议议程的主要内容。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/RjCNVKCibE8U964biamjaqwZ616mJvWib0rzicib5pe4xdvNPRibyxrT7FrW0c5sxlghwLkMMD2YhakmNe7JcmWrAxuw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.034482758620689655" data-w="580"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(76, 27, 157);box-sizing: 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