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<section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="94357" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 1.5em;max-width: 100%;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;width: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="1.0192307692307692" data-type="png" data-w="52" data-width="100%" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/7QRTvkK2qC4bPsKsflkyUIGQBtwbrVONM0NqP7YrokiaaDCYiap58O7T4BV6BEIubAGbyzJRusYic2PvoZ38uo0HA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="display: block;width: 32px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></section><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding: 12px 5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 18px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">嘉宾简介</section><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;width: 2em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="1.0192307692307692" data-type="png" data-w="52" data-width="100%" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/7QRTvkK2qC4bPsKsflkyUIGQBtwbrVONM0NqP7YrokiaaDCYiap58O7T4BV6BEIubAGbyzJRusYic2PvoZ38uo0HA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="display: block;transform: scaleX(-1);width: 32px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></section></section></section><section data-role="paragraph" class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="94059" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="padding-bottom: 15px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 677px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;width: 677px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: flex-end;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;width: 667px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 1em;max-width: 100%;width: 10px;height: 7em;background: rgb(211, 249, 250);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;width: 657.141px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="0.6666666666666666" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1200" data-backw="554" data-backh="369" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5sHHohumRJXS0wLsbbeORfD1oQk0sJDycqmD8rh07l5ic9XJahdREmxg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5sHHohumRJXS0wLsbbeORfD1oQk0sJDycqmD8rh07l5ic9XJahdREmxg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 657.141px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 10px;height: 8em;border-top: 1px solid rgb(211, 211, 211);border-right: 1px solid rgb(211, 211, 211);border-left: 1px solid rgb(211, 211, 211);border-bottom: none;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section data-width="70%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 473.891px;height: 10px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(211, 211, 211);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(211, 211, 211);border-left: 1px solid rgb(211, 211, 211);border-top: none;float: right;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section data-role="paragraph" class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">竹内直文  Takeuchi Naofumi</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">原日本国土交通省大臣官房技术审议官（都市局负责人）</span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="96203" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="10%" style="margin-left: 541.594px;max-width: 100%;width: 67.6875px;height: 6px;background: rgb(254, 254, 254);transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="margin-top: -3px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(0, 176, 240);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-autoskip="1" class="" style="padding: 1em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(63, 62, 63);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">竹内直文先生于1975年毕业于东京大学。毕业后进入日本建设省（现在的国土交通省），一直从事城市规划管理工作，先后在建设省官房政策科、都市计划科和国土交通省都市局任职，拥有逾40年的相关经验。2006年担任国土交通省大臣官房技术审议官（都市局负责人）一职，2008年进入民间都市开发推进机构任常务理事，现任日建设计顾问。他对东京都首都圈的城市规划编制和政策制定十分熟悉，是多项规划和政策的主持者和参与者。</p></section></section><section data-width="10%" style="margin-top: -4px;margin-left: 203.094px;max-width: 100%;width: 67.6875px;height: 6px;background: rgb(254, 254, 254);transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section data-width="10%" style="margin-top: -5px;margin-left: 67.6875px;max-width: 100%;width: 67.6875px;height: 6px;background: rgb(254, 254, 254);transform: rotate(0deg);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section data-role="paragraph" class="" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><section data-role="paragraph" class="" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">National Capital Region（日本首都圈，简称NCR）整个区域面积占全国土地面积的10%，人口占全国的35%，GDP占全国的40%。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="0.5625" data-type="jpeg" data-w="960" data-backw="574" data-backh="323" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv57sg0rmMf6ickXn74ss1dgClicr2dNRXKcOov0m4YA8NjiaciabgLUicwykA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv57sg0rmMf6ickXn74ss1dgClicr2dNRXKcOov0m4YA8NjiaciabgLUicwykA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">National Capital Region的范围</span></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1954年—1973年，日本经济高速增长，大量人口涌入大都市地区。1975年以后，日本经济进入稳定增长期，只有NCR的人口继续流入，其他区域的人口反而下降了。东京都的人口预计将在2025年达到峰值。人口的变化对日本经济和社会产生了重大的影响。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="0.5625" data-type="jpeg" data-w="960" data-backw="574" data-backh="323" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5agfVHRaq8lwzyX5C86mFDP1QX4aLOCehp53yEW5NEd2x9m0N7O7c4g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5agfVHRaq8lwzyX5C86mFDP1QX4aLOCehp53yEW5NEd2x9m0N7O7c4g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">高密度居住区扩张示意图</span></p></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">NCR有两个高层次的规划，一是国土空间战略规划（NSS），另一个是NCR发展规划。这两个规划在2005年后被整合，从那时起，NSS作为NCR的上位空间规划。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="0.5617214043035108" data-type="jpeg" data-w="883" data-backw="574" data-backh="322" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5rvVWEuDq7xgmbShrIUNTpLogBIl7QjFpI5xytibh0w3jbdtHJTdHCNw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5rvVWEuDq7xgmbShrIUNTpLogBIl7QjFpI5xytibh0w3jbdtHJTdHCNw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">NCR空间规划体系</span></p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="45865" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;line-height: 32px;font-weight: bold;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;float: left;min-width: 32px;height: 32px;vertical-align: top;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table;width: 44px;color: inherit;border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;color: rgb(254, 254, 254);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-original-title="" title="" style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(198, 198, 199);font-size: 50px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1</span></section><section style="margin-top: 5px;margin-left: -6px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 18px;height: 70px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(198, 198, 199);background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);transform: rotate(35deg);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section style="margin-left: 40px;padding-top: 18px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 30px;color: rgb(115, 115, 115);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 首都圈基本规划的发展历史</span></section></section></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="89204" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding-right: 30px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;font-size: 18px;height: 40px;line-height: 40px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1.1  第一版NCR发展规划（1958年）</section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 50px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在经济高速增长时期（1954—1973年），人口和工业迅速流入东京，造成住房短缺、交通堵塞、生活环境恶化等严重问题。为了解决这些问题，1958年制定了第一版NCR发展规划。设立绿化带、建设卫星城，并确定了每个区域的土地利用政策。特别是郊区，禁止任何开发，抑制城市无序蔓延。</span><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="89204" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding-right: 30px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;font-size: 18px;height: 40px;line-height: 40px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1.2  第二版NCR发展规划（1968年）</section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 50px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在第一版规划开始后不久，绿化带政策就失败了，因为没有相应的法律措施来支持其发展。因此，在第二版规划中，它被转换为“近郊整备区”的概念，在那里一部分与环境相协调的项目允许被开发。与此同时，1968年对规划法进行全面修订，建立了一套新的土地使用控制制度，并对私有产权进行重新规定。</p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="89204" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding-right: 30px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;font-size: 18px;height: 40px;line-height: 40px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1.3  第三版NCR发展规划（1976年）</section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 50px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1976年制定第三版NCR发展规划时，日本经济由高速增长阶段转向稳定增长阶段，人口流入NCR的趋势趋于平稳。因此，政策的重点转向了重建城市结构，以实现城市的可持续发展。提出打造“多中心城市的广域城市复合体” 。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5625" data-w="960" data-backw="574" data-backh="323" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5THw7fzLT6naS2h9bWy0FHePBKKL7mdE4GP0kbK0qA4FUOa8k7h4uXw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5THw7fzLT6naS2h9bWy0FHePBKKL7mdE4GP0kbK0qA4FUOa8k7h4uXw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">第三版NCR发展规划（1976年）</span></p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="89204" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding-right: 30px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;font-size: 18px;height: 40px;line-height: 40px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1.4  第四版NCR发展规划（1986年）</section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 50px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1986年制定的第四版NCR发展规划提出“多核、多区域、复合型”的新思路。规划11个“商业核心城市”，提出了通过建设新的高速铁路予以支持。与此同时，许多大型开发项目和相关基础设施也顺利推进。这为NCR的城市结构奠定了基础。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><img class="" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5629877369007804" data-w="897" data-backw="574" data-backh="323" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5KL6O3cdTZA70zSdgJI6vh6oibNuoKMMuNbjoMvFKVhwNd75sEbTRQtA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5KL6O3cdTZA70zSdgJI6vh6oibNuoKMMuNbjoMvFKVhwNd75sEbTRQtA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">商业核心城市分布图</span></p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="89204" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding-right: 30px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;font-size: 18px;height: 40px;line-height: 40px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1.5  第五版NCR发展规划（1999年）</section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 50px;border-top: 3px solid rgb(187, 208, 67);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section data-role="paragraph" class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">20世纪90年代泡沫经济崩溃后，一方面东京经历了长期的经济衰退，国际地位下降，振兴东京对日本来说是一个非常紧迫的问题。另一方面，重大基础设施建设取得进展，城市化在一定程度上得到有序控制。在这种情况下，第五版规划提出“分散型网络格局”。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5625" data-w="960" data-backw="574" data-backh="323" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv54TibAYkUdR8mvusqnWRv7p6H8Dibw08s5GKcOb4volR2OicOKtlBwXeTA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv54TibAYkUdR8mvusqnWRv7p6H8Dibw08s5GKcOb4volR2OicOKtlBwXeTA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">第五版NCR发展规划（1999年）</span></p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="45865" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;line-height: 32px;font-weight: bold;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;float: left;min-width: 32px;height: 32px;vertical-align: top;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table;width: 44px;color: inherit;border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;color: rgb(254, 254, 254);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-num="2" style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(198, 198, 199);font-size: 50px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2</span></section><section style="margin-top: 5px;margin-left: -6px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 18px;height: 70px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(198, 198, 199);background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);transform: rotate(35deg);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section style="margin-left: 40px;padding-top: 18px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 30px;color: rgb(115, 115, 115);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">  范式转换及背景</span></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">自20世纪末以来，日本开始面临许多经济和社会环境的变化，如人口减少、老龄化社会、泡沫经济崩溃后的长期衰退、行政权力下放等。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5622222222222222" data-w="900" data-backw="574" data-backh="323" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5zarvcpajGXwiaoRH4PgZYxaNXz7M3YMJSoj5E9FGuGHbINltiaphaRCA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5zarvcpajGXwiaoRH4PgZYxaNXz7M3YMJSoj5E9FGuGHbINltiaphaRCA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">日本国土空间战略规划及日本首都圈规划发展演变</span></span></p><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2005年以前的国家土地规划被命名为“国家综合发展规划（CNDP）”，其主要目标是解决过度集中于大城市的问题，以及在经济高速增长期间的地区差异。因此，CNDP的主要理念是“国家土地的平衡发展”，就是以发展和数量扩张为导向的规划。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2008年日本制定了第一个国土空间战略规划（NSS）。NSS强调了自我维持的“广域”的概念，并旨在通过“互动”来恢复它们的活力。NSS由国家土地规划和包含8个分区的区域土地规划组成。NCR发展规划成为了NSS的一部分继续存在，一些政策措施被保留下来。然而，NCR发展规划的功能在很大程度上被NSS接管。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5622222222222222" data-w="900" data-backw="574" data-backh="323" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5h6CIMeMMk7v9OQibZkcFxmGafxcn51SGJQiahCuBjCYp18mBS1Xfelsg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5h6CIMeMMk7v9OQibZkcFxmGafxcn51SGJQiahCuBjCYp18mBS1Xfelsg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国土空间战略规划（区域规划）</span></p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="45865" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;line-height: 32px;font-weight: bold;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;float: left;min-width: 32px;height: 32px;vertical-align: top;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table;width: 44px;color: inherit;border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;color: rgb(254, 254, 254);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-num="3" style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(198, 198, 199);font-size: 50px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3</span></section><section style="margin-top: 5px;margin-left: -6px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 18px;height: 70px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(198, 198, 199);background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);transform: rotate(35deg);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section style="margin-left: 40px;padding-top: 18px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 30px;color: rgb(115, 115, 115);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 规划编制近况和政策趋势</span></section></section></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2016年最新的NSS都市圈区域规划遵循了 “互动”和“紧凑与网络”这两个国家规划的概念。“互动”指人员、货物、资金和信息以各种方式在不同地区之间积极流动。该规划的目标是促进各区域集团之间和集团内部的相互作用，不仅领导各集团的发展，而且领导整个国家的发展。“紧凑和网络”是将各种功能集中到特定区域，并为移动和通信提供足够的联系网络。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在空间结构上，延续了第五版NCR发展规划的理念。值得注意的是，它从NCR之外的更广泛的领域来考虑交互网络。它有更广泛的计划和方案，不仅包括基础设施和城市发展，还包括各种经济和社会发展措施。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5625" data-w="960" data-backw="574" data-backh="323" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5ic3GlNObXRvpKgYmjx1BNSVw7VcHYo73GSiaTloShSebfyCEoUy5xt5g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5ic3GlNObXRvpKgYmjx1BNSVw7VcHYo73GSiaTloShSebfyCEoUy5xt5g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2016年NSS都市圈区域规划概念图</span></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">21世纪初，城市政策发生了范式转变，其中“城市复兴体系”是最为显著的政策。<span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">包括提高大都市国际竞争力、强调通过私营企业来促进都市发展等。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">国家政府指定“紧急重建区（URA）”紧急推进城市更新，并制定和公布该地区的基本政策。在URA，大幅放宽了对城市规划的管制；开发商根据公布的政策制订发展计划，并向当地政府提出建议；如果项目得到国家政府的批准，还可以获得财政支持和税收优惠。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5088888888888888" data-w="900" data-backw="574" data-backh="292" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5Dtsa26JbzXRZLKu8BW9uN0e6mic4gtciaZlXNBqfS3RdB3n9o8MoiaI7Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5Dtsa26JbzXRZLKu8BW9uN0e6mic4gtciaZlXNBqfS3RdB3n9o8MoiaI7Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">紧急重建区（URA）</span></p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="45865" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;line-height: 32px;font-weight: bold;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;float: left;min-width: 32px;height: 32px;vertical-align: top;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table;width: 44px;color: inherit;border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;color: rgb(254, 254, 254);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-num="4" style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(198, 198, 199);font-size: 50px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">4</span></section><section style="margin-top: 5px;margin-left: -6px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 18px;height: 70px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(198, 198, 199);background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);transform: rotate(35deg);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section style="margin-left: 40px;padding-top: 18px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 30px;color: rgb(115, 115, 115);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 小结</span></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其一，NCR发展规划最初是在经济繁荣时期制定的，目的是为应对人口和工业迅速涌入东京而提供措施。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其二，NCR发展规划逐渐演变为总体规划，重大基础设施改善和有序城市化基本实现。而NCR的基本空间结构几乎是在人口数量达到峰值之前形成的。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其三，2000年代初，为了应对社会经济的变化，NCR发展规划和国土空间战略规划被整合在一起。规划理念也由“开发”向“利用、改造、管理”转变，提出“互动”和“紧凑与网络”概念。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其四， 2002年建立的城市复兴体系不仅是复兴日本首都圈的重要政策工具，也是复兴其他大都市和地方城市的重要政策工具。</p><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="45865" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: 0.8em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;line-height: 32px;font-weight: bold;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;float: left;min-width: 32px;height: 32px;vertical-align: top;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table;width: 44px;color: inherit;border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;color: rgb(254, 254, 254);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-num="6" style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(198, 198, 199);font-size: 50px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">5</span></section><section style="margin-top: 5px;margin-left: -6px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;width: 18px;height: 70px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(198, 198, 199);background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);transform: rotate(35deg);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section style="margin-left: 40px;padding-top: 18px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 30px;color: rgb(115, 115, 115);border-color: rgb(72, 192, 163);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span class="" data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 东京都政府总体规划</span></section></section></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">东京都政府（TMG）采取了去中心化政策，并在1981年制定了“多中心城市结构”目标，即在东京市中心发展几个副中心，分散中心城市功能。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">TMG在2001年制定了“东京城市发展愿景”，以“大都市倡议”作为东京城市结构的基本概念。它遵循了第五版NCR发展规划的概念“分散型网络格局”，放弃了多中心的概念，扩大了中心区域作为“中心核”。事实上，以前的副中心都在“中心核”上。NCR发展规划已成为日本每个城市或地区空间规划的基本框架。2017年总体规划——“城市发展的宏伟设计”，也是基于第五次NCR发展规划相同的城市结构概念。</p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.5625" data-w="960" data-backw="574" data-backh="323" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5LbH30aKeuRFEu7UaYmjicfHl6c5nNj0gOCdOT0j1SUvfJiaTIC59Exgg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5LbH30aKeuRFEu7UaYmjicfHl6c5nNj0gOCdOT0j1SUvfJiaTIC59Exgg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“大都市倡议”（2001）和“分散型网络格局”（1999）</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-backh="319" data-backw="525" data-before-oversubscription-url="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5jA9brOdyty9epZubAibGqHMUbu6gjCBvYLeKR6yiaHsVTnyDr3l5nbHw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-croporisrc="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5R0clUBAf1fVseLEYXmIGbhpOicITnnjVibpLKC2OM9BiaibELBAgenhXNQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-cropx1="33.44947735191638" data-cropx2="911.4982578397213" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="535.1916376306621" data-ratio="0.6082004555808656" data-type="jpeg" data-w="878" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/E6ia28AQ9ank30Ysuqh0bvTQPbBM2hYv5jA9brOdyty9epZubAibGqHMUbu6gjCBvYLeKR6yiaHsVTnyDr3l5nbHw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 677px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2017年总体规划——“城市发展的宏伟设计”</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="93352" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(51, 141, 175);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;max-width: 100%;width: 30px;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="" data-ratio="2.25" data-w="44" data-width="100%" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/7QRTvkK2qC7WOvqJzrYxANSsSsXWREZcX8xsk6blib6nSXhChuF3rafAmCsJjZ1sm8TmaFPN6rXRONu40iaqIvLw/640?" style="display: block;width: 30px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;"  /></section><section style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">—<span class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">END</span>—</section></section></section></section><section class="" data-role="paragraph" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">本文根据2019年10月31日“2019世界城市日-上海论坛”主题报告整理而成，未经报告人审阅。文中所有图片摘自报告人所提供的PPT。“2019世界城市日-上海论坛”由上海市规划和自然资源局、上海市住房和城乡建设管理委员会主办；上海市城市规划设计研究院承办。</p></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: 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break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">让上海因我们更加美好</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 12px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">上海市规划和自然资源局官方微信</span></span></p></section><section powered-by="gulangu" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="padding: 5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;box-shadow: rgb(183, 28, 28) 0px 0px 0px inset;border-style: solid;border-width: 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