国匠城工作台

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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 0px;margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 17px;height: 3px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(233, 31, 15);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 5px;opacity: 0.51;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: left;font-size: 12px;padding: 0px;color: rgb(218, 183, 135);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(133, 95, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;">摘要：</span></strong></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(218, 183, 135) 0%, rgba(231, 222, 204, 0) 95%);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin: 3px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(218, 183, 135);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市基层治理历经“单位制”、“街居制”逐步走向合作型和自治型“社区制”，不断强化的公民意识与多方协作助推社区建设的发展路径为居民自治机制建立提供平台。从“准行政化”过渡到“自治化”是社区功能转变的必然趋势，从“参与冷漠”到“共商、共建、共治”是居民公民意识体现的根本性转变。本文结合朝阳门街道内务社区三个实践案例，归纳出居民自治机制培育的实践路径，剖析工作难点并提出合理化建议，为后续及其他基层治理创新实践提供借鉴。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 0px;margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 17px;height: 3px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(233, 31, 15);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 5px;opacity: 0.51;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: left;font-size: 12px;padding: 0px;color: rgb(133, 95, 16);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;">关键词：</span></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(218, 183, 135) 0%, rgba(231, 222, 204, 0) 95%);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin: 3px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(218, 183, 135);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">居民自治；基层治理；社区营造；实践路径</p></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: scroll;border-color: rgb(237, 209, 184);border-width: 1px;border-radius: 4px;border-style: solid;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/dOJiaPEibHDc1w0VWUAX19hr99bP1icKhicq17ZTUkmHD5rShyebmmcou8ErEs6AxCXZFJNu6RcLDPy1tvVld3cyPA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(135, 119, 97);font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1. 居民自治机制建立的迫切性</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自1987年民政部首次提出“社区服务”的概念，我国基层治理先后经历了“单位制”、“街居制”、“社区制”三个阶段，社区建设由行政型社区逐步走向合作型社区和自治型社区，形成政府管理与公民自治互动交互的社区民主治理体系。然而，由于“制度惯性”作用犹在，社区在一定程度上并没有摆脱“准行政组织”的命运，突出表现为民众参与冷漠、社区冲突多元化和复杂化，社区自治基础薄弱，并未承担起绝大部分社区治理和服务功能，居民对其功能缺少认知和认同。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会各方面的发展进步促使“权利”、“规则”、“信任”等现代公民意识不断觉醒和强化，社会行为主体意识和责任感不断提升，参与社会事务的主动性提高，参与能力提高以及参与社区事务的形式更加丰富。十八大以来，在政府主导下，专家学者、社会组织、企业等外部资源大量涌入社区，带动居民参与社区治理，培育社区自组织、改善社区环境、建立议事规程、化解社区矛盾、提升社区资本，推动基层治理由“自上而下”转变为“上下结合”或“自下而上”，实现目标、主体、方向及路径的根本性变革。此举措与日渐强化的公民意识互促，为创新基层治理、培育居民自治机制、加强公众参与城市建设奠定基础。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">居民自治是公民民主意识的明确表现，是依据居民集体意愿形成选择并依法管理社区事务、转变基层管理方式的必然产物。自治机制的培育与成长，需要政府下放权力、转变职能与领导方式，实现政府与社会关系的重构，为社区居民合理表达诉求、通过合理行动争取权益提供平台，对提升居民社区认同感和归属感、推动社区民主制度建设具有积极意义。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2017年中共中央国务院批复的《北京城市总体规划（2016年-2035年）》要求：坚持人民城市人民建、人民管，依靠群众、发动群众参与城市治理。畅通公众参与城市治理的渠道……形成多元共治、良性互动的治理格局。居民自治机制培育是社会发展的大势所趋，是优化城市建设、提升居民生活满意度、创新基层善治的重要抓手。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: scroll;border-color: rgb(237, 209, 184);border-width: 1px;border-radius: 4px;border-style: solid;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/dOJiaPEibHDc1w0VWUAX19hr99bP1icKhicq17ZTUkmHD5rShyebmmcou8ErEs6AxCXZFJNu6RcLDPy1tvVld3cyPA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(135, 119, 97);font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2. 实践案例剖析</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 8px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.1社区公约制定：建立“社区-院落”双层自管机制</strong></p></section><section style="width: 15px;height: 15px;margin-top: -15px;margin-left: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">朝阳门街道内务社区，是一个历史底蕴浓厚、文化氛围活跃的传统社区。其所在的东四南历史文化街区，是北京市第三批历史文化街区之一，是北京历史文化名城和北京老城整体风貌的重要组成部分。为了让居民共建良好的胡同生活环境，共同探索胡同生活中的大小问题，2018年内务社区委托史家胡同风貌保护协会全程策划、组织并跟踪一系列“自下而上”的自管体系建构活动，历时半年建立了“社区-院落”双层自管机制。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">该项目采用开放空间理念，在自愿互利、合作互动的基础上，邀请相关利益方共商社区事务。通过三次递进主题的公开讨论会，引导居民及相关利益方自发制定社区公约，并在辖区内，按照居民自愿程度选取示范院落，在社区公约的基础上针对院内问题编制小院（巷）公约，悬挂院内，约束自身和他人的日常行为。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><ul style="" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">社区公约：三次居民讨论会的结晶</strong></p></li></ul></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">问题导向，策划主题分别为“我们的内务社区——胡同生活的小问题”、“我能为社区做什么——社区问题的解决途径”、“内务人的行为准则——社区公约的条文编写”的三次开放空间讨论会，以“回忆引领、分组讨论、观点落笔、代表发言”的茶话会形式，引导居民讲述记忆中的胡同生活、发现社区现有问题、共商解决途径，并从自身行为出发提炼公约条文。通过公众号推文、海报张贴、社区意见征集反馈等方式公开征求修改意见，最终完善并确定公约条文20条，内容涉及邻里交往、公共卫生、儿童教育、为老服务等多方面，条文语言采用“大白话”方式，真正做到“源于居民、用于居民”，调动居民关注社区事务、主动投身社区建设、自发约束自身行为的积极性与责任感。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7480315" data-w="635" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaak576IUllMCOryUOJQg305Ogy2licOnBckdPddX8eNWicdMootOU4ppyg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;text-align: center;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">分组讨论，居民踊跃发言形成小组观点</span></strong></em></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7491166" data-w="566" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaar97UT9948ic8XznJTGwgRlsp8naHoaic5CJ7icwicxqIl0ufzqmIrOtVAA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">居民代表在大白纸上书写组内观点</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7491166" data-w="566" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaPWE4KnKiafxxOb32W5icwpUhJ5JMCdl0RChbJRzPvAu7oRA44UG1fF4Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">主持人提炼汇总各组观点</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7487267" data-w="589" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaPnvHRpZoS4ic984hshBUZFxFtPxFTQL8ZROjH1VSO5ibJn9Wy2cSicOUA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">提炼公约条文并逐条润色</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.0018519" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaoEiceJsP2p51FsTMSoQ7ibJiannh21IxOYRZic44FL0dBz7SA6pt73F5iaA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">社区公约条文初稿（共计20条）</em></strong></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><ul style="" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">小院（巷）公约：营造和谐共居氛围</strong></p></li></ul></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在社区公约的基础上，结合居民自愿申请及院落特征，选取东四南大街31号、33号、35号、37号及内务部街36号共计5个院落作为小院公约的编制试点。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">东四南大街的四个院落共临一条通向各院的小巷，居民自发提议集合四院力量编制小巷公约。居民纷纷列举小巷存在的交通、环境、安全等多方面问题，如：小巷内部空间拥挤，影响居民日常出行；公共的绿植花池维护性差，蚊蝇滋生；自行车随意摆放影响通行；个别建筑使用的彩钢板属于易燃物等。群策群力最终达成七条小巷公约。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">内务部街36号为军民共居院落，多年秉持互帮互助、亲如一家的和谐氛围。以倾听诉求为出发点，居民与战士踊跃发言、各抒己见，共同探讨院落中遇到的问题，描绘未来的小院生活场景，对院落的环境提升和区域管理提出各自的意见建议。最终达成六条小院公约。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7191201" data-w="591" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaBcBLPsiaWSGN0pGAyibdPneJBLclIEuSicM8OHehYtuThXQib0lKDU3rPw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">小巷公约编制现场</span></em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.712605" data-w="595" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaHVqXRFgFpy6hHYajKxW1La8MmicR1LBnb1iaxBpQjDEcklpvVlhnWSmw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">内务部街36号院内讨论</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7191201" data-w="591" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaDYIOLk27QEFibaoDCGuSkN8AMSnNPMdspo2ZU1nictGp6fmW30Q43JRw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">公约挂牌施工现场</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7877907" data-w="344" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaasxTNkwHznnJuS5ZiaLscBRTWE8kMuLAJRYibSSVu3uZsdq9N1EItslWg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">社区公约居民签字仪式</em></strong></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公约编制完成后，结合公约挂牌对居民进行活动回访，得到居民高度认可。公约编制是引导居民自主参与社区事务、凝聚社区力量、建立社区自治机制的初步探索，也是畅通公众参与城市治理，推动建立良性自治循环的有效尝试。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 1.4em;border-left: 1px solid rgb(158, 158, 158);margin-bottom: -0.9em;margin-left: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 2.5em;border-top: 1px solid rgb(158, 158, 158);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="padding: 0px 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(145, 74, 6);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“社区居民深深受益社区公约，小院的居民遵守社区公约，将院子进行了环境整理，现在的院子环境从没有公约前的脏乱差变成了公约后的干净、整洁。”</em></p><p style="text-align: right;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">——内务部街11号居民</em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“建立公约后，小巷的环境得以改善，居民自觉地将垃圾堆放，花草进行了有序的摆放，小巷里的环境变得干净、整齐，给小巷里营造了一个整洁、舒心的环境。”</em></p><p style="text-align: right;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">——东四南大街31号居民</em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“通过小院公约的制定，院里的居民变得更加亲近，能够自觉规范言行举止，遵守公约内容，希望小院可以变得越来越好”</em></p><p style="text-align: right;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">——内务部街36号居民</em></p></section></section></section><section style="width: 2.5em;margin-left: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em;border-top: 1px solid rgb(158, 158, 158);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 1.4em;border-left: 1px solid rgb(158, 158, 158);margin-top: -0.9em;margin-left: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: right;margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 8px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.2院落修缮维护基金建立：多方协作实现院落全生命周期跟踪</strong></p></section><section style="width: 15px;height: 15px;margin-top: -15px;margin-left: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">四合院的公共空间是居民融洽交往的承载体，然而伴随私搭乱建、年久失修、管理责权模糊等一系列问题的出现，惬意的老院落正失去其原有风貌和生活气息。2015年起，史家胡同风貌保护协会搭建了设计师、施工、监理、街道、社区、居民、专家学者等多方参与的协作平台，历时三年，在东四南历史文化街区范围内选取并完成首批7个院落公共空间提升试点工程，多样化的设计手段巧妙地衔接了历史风貌保护与居民实际生活需求，得到了居民、政府、社会的多方认可。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2017年对试点院落进行回访，发现各院落出现了不同程度的设施破损、杂物再次堆积、环境整洁度欠佳、零散结尾项目停滞等问题，同时居民也表达了希望自主提升院落环境、院内居民共商事务的实际诉求。由此，史家胡同风貌保护协会以持续性跟踪院落发展为切入点，分别向街道、社区、设计师、社造专家、居民等公开征求意见，达成建立院落修缮维护基金、明确基金使用细则的共识。首批针对已实施公共空间提升的试点院落，以“居民自主申请、自我实施、双方集资（协会70%、居民30%）、社区监管”的方式，给予居民自主商议院内事务的权利，加强协会与属地社区、居民的联动效应，建立居民切实可用的、可持续的滚动支持基金。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><ul style="" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">公开意见征集：明确院落维护自管机制与基金使用细则</strong></p></li></ul></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">采用实地入户访谈和面对面交流的形式，公开征求街道、社区、设计师、社造专家、居民等对培育居民自管机制、建立院落维护修缮维护基金及使用细则的意见建议，初步形成多方认可的基金使用办法，作为后续居民自主申请及费用管理的依据。先期针对已完成院落公共空间提升的7个试点院落开展基金试建工作，依据院落规模设定5000元、3000元、2000元三个申请档次，需院内住户全部签字同意并承诺自觉保持院内良好环境氛围。基金仅用于公共空间的日常维护与管理，不可用于私有空间改造。由社区负责基金管理、核算与公示。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7054908" data-w="601" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaafTiaHxOA4w0myeWSiaqlBmyod22yfxQkibnKm6AG7gib9uvkZEp7JabJZg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">街道、社区工作人员意见征求会</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7495854" data-w="603" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaasoLaoyBUz95dQqTuaVHzJVk1mibvPFY2Niaskvfbcwfx8wIsvkRuicQmQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">专家学者意见征求会</em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.6741935" data-w="620" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaczGKIhH8MAHuAkZAUnibRU3ibx2IAU3uRMibY31iaYNgurVHzu9twwicpjg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.6735043" data-w="585" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaAHshvey2YWicuabKjIBdaWK7wS1OFsqK7SjlCkgPpByEH9mGgMcZ1eA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">居民意见征求会</em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.4990548" data-w="529" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaafiaU7EqNiaXxLx0msCl29Due6FD3OCyK5Y6BTAKBAlCQOguibA3aKJEag/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.5359223" data-w="515" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaeeCOiaquWsoexl13bFdn2AQsibUPgopw6el41icP4HzznH3UMqyeQwkCw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">院落修缮维护基金建立确认书及使用告知书</span></em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.5277778" data-w="540" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaabicyk6dBdDGrnYQXZ2PEJzsjoicmhWR3icD0kwJpn6dCxIZnaOsLztsmw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;align-self: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.2889306" data-w="533" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaa5fCREzjVbz6HWsBjy4qfK1BalBz0PAqallqCYMxiaGOiaUaaE1VvgsYQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">院落修缮维护基金使用申请书</em></strong></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><ul style="" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">美学营造活动：专家引领启发居民生活再造</strong></p></li></ul></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为响应居民自主改善居住环境的诉求，协会携手中央美术学院、社区艺术家举办“生活美学再造：旧物改造盆栽”、“瓦片绘画”等社造活动，专家与居民自由结组，群策群力动手将居民旧物改造为盆栽艺术品，实现老物件的重新利用；在画家张迎星的指导下，旧瓦片上展露出身边最熟悉的人、事、物，记录下胡同生活氛围的同时，启发居民关注身边生活，通过对日常物品的改造，实现旧物展新颜，美化生活又可自我熏陶。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">活动尾声向居民宣讲修缮维护基金建立及自管机制培育的初衷，美学再造、院落环境美化、小院纪念日等活动也可全院商定后使用基金，在物质空间改善的基础上满足居民人文需求，增强凝聚力与互助意识，为自治机制建立奠定基础。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7123288" data-w="584" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaakNGjD1FicvFmg4LQKqgsL158W9zf4kGTl6HXicIj1IqOPJ66yyL4mXnw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7123288" data-w="584" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaa81hUiaNbUx2UBDZJb1QQHNn1QdrbbnmicuLctLdicUaxMvt3gvtVCjFUw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7147766" data-w="582" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaasosEGETksicVlbdKcjaoD0EjPxvhPFBTREK0M2ydia9vSV7bHtdDGvyw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7098976" data-w="586" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaazNQ0N72B7u3ImzQDFWibIBS2yjl5ElkYayBF0hXWoicwakbfDHYxENNA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">活动——生活美学再造：旧物改造盆栽</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.626327" data-w="471" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaayPBowFSiclF4BoH82ribLic5d32QD9bEJicFCGVrFDeqpNsmzk0qDXOkog/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">活动——瓦片绘画</em></strong></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><ul style="" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“小院管家”：首个院落修缮维护基金试点</strong></p></li></ul></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">内务部街34号院是院落公共空间提升7个试点院落中居住人口最多的“雪中送炭类”院落，2017年伴随施工尾声，居民提议要制定小院公约来号召院内居民自觉维护来之不易的改造成果。多次讨论凝结出7条居民最关注的问题，“对公共事务，大家彼此商量、共同讨论决定”、“自觉维护公共环境，不堆放杂物并整理门前卫生”、“绝不新增私搭乱建”、“绝不随意倾倒生活污废水，造成污水盆与雨水箅子拥堵”等一系列通俗易懂的文字，成为了该院居民日常生活的准则。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在小院公约的引领下，居民公开推选院内老住户焦凤兰作为院内事务的牵头人，成为首位“小院管家”，同时为实现院落全周期跟踪参与，内务34号院居民一致同意建立院落自治机制，成为首个院落修缮维护基金试点院落。该基金已在院内雨水篦子修缮中发挥作用，初步形成了居民共商、共建、共治的自治局面。</p><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7048666" data-w="637" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaD3TvUMozWScMZdeicRzmFjb6lokljLicicRLQXhX1q2HHWmAU18CrBn8Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7103918" data-w="587" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaDlazRJ0jYXfwicI7iavVQAKXdnC415nGtsyul221pumHeTLdgoYao01A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">内务部街34号院落公共空间提升效果</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.6714514" data-w="627" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaa6GzePXWOTRsqeEqjkey0ibwQtkG51CwXIU0Qg3lUtlFp33iaxh6oP82g/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">小院公约挂牌仪式</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaanicTAMUmSKZTic4DF5YQLHEyHEvXA2Cgw0jED23CwJag2gBkmDgNBJ1A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.6622296173044925" data-w="601"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">院落修缮维护基金建立</em></strong></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-left: 8px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.3停车自管会成立及制度完善：民声民意共创社区家园</strong></p></section><section style="width: 15px;height: 15px;margin-top: -15px;margin-left: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(135, 119, 97);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">胡同停车一直是困扰居民日常生活的难题，挤占胡同通行空间、私装地锁占车位、乱停乱放不规范、外来车辆驶入/停放、停车位严重不足、缺乏有效管理等问题普遍存在。为加强胡同停车管理、提升胡同交通秩序、保护街区传统风貌与生活环境，内务社区结合居民日常问题反馈组织居民代表、街道办事处和胡同物业相关工作人员，开展了以胡同停车管理为题的“我的胡同我来管”开放空间讨论会，针对性提出了：（1）成立“居民停车交通自管会”（以下简称自管会）；（2）由自管会结合本区域实际情况制定详细具体的停车交通管理制度；（3）由胡同物业实施管理制度，街道办事处及自管会负责监督；（4）停车自动化管理，实行差别化收费；（5）由居委会进行车位需求摸底，多途径解决车位供需问题等解决措施。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在社区工作人员的引导下，由居民推选、自荐，确定了自管会的7名成员、各自分工及自管会章程。历经近十次的开放讨论与同步开展胡同车辆摸底、社区停车现状调研，由自管会牵头结合本区域的实际情况，制定停车交通管理制度，通过车主代表现场投票的方式，确定胡同停车的收费标准、办证资格、停车原则与管理办法，车主代表及自管会代表对投票过程进行全程监督。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">结合民意，最终决定对胡同停车进行自动化识别管理，劝阻外来车辆只通行不停车，实行差别化收费（本地居民收费低、外来车辆高额收费），费用用于辖区停车管理等事务。物业定期向自管会上报资金收支情况，自管会负责核定、公示等工作。同时，为建立居民自治管理机制，制定了切实可行的交通疏导工作方案、居民文明停车公约与停车管理规定，多方协作实现胡同停车高效管理，改善居民生活环境。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">目前，该工作方案已正式启用，自管会、物业及街道、社区各负其职，听民声会民意，共创和谐舒适的胡同环境。</p><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaalS2tKL3GhPT7S14UlT7hHKBAyfVu71PJvwz43lJl90iaj7CvmxVtTKw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.7159663865546219" data-w="595"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7192661" data-w="545" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaauh3ND7xFpGkheNAYiaJIbVz6iaiaUjn9OX6wLMibC2ePEhOZuEsQEwBw2A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“我的胡同我来管”开放空间讨论会</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaa8gibic9KozWWOAR3a1ayoRKpPNKtoRs1DEria42GiarlcyNt15KIhJTOBQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" data-ratio="0.7166947723440135" data-w="593"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">自管会与物业商定工作方案</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaxD43WU4ZUeCDupTEhKBukcn38gIK5ILAzwscEgP1rpOkGQdHibKGgOQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.75" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">对具体执行方案进行现场投票</em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaarRCib749M9QqLx6TOuppmXvJYFjUXdcvPjMtiat2E9cq1AUlzQrkgf5A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1.3918367346938776" data-w="490"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaas4l4xcsOxh8rAB6o90msNjo2TIcqDiaRrEVA4acBfjeFZwn9uZCByDg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="1.4754098360655739" data-w="488"  /></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">内务部街停车管理规定</em></strong></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icKFe0wqE4ePExFLP545fwjt9gEDJRkiaaMtNq5YWoULGJan0nicvg4ZyRxlw01MytZbaXvGiaqUlEUvfyupzib5X8w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" data-ratio="0.5650364203954215" data-w="961"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">内务部街居民文明停车公约</em></strong></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: scroll;border-color: rgb(237, 209, 184);border-width: 1px;border-radius: 4px;border-style: solid;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/dOJiaPEibHDc1w0VWUAX19hr99bP1icKhicq17ZTUkmHD5rShyebmmcou8ErEs6AxCXZFJNu6RcLDPy1tvVld3cyPA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(135, 119, 97);font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3. 居民自治机制培育的实践路径</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通观已开展的实践案例，其实践路径可归纳为以下六步：</p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><ul style="" class=" list-paddingleft-2"><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">探需求</strong>：从居民实际生活角度出发，发现或采集民声民意，找准切入点引发居民关注与参与热情。</p></li><li><p><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">寻能人</strong>：</p><p>发挥平台纽带作用，引入专家学者、社会组织、实践团队、市场机构、社区居民等，提供专业化服务与咨询、协助达成居民诉求或发挥自身号召力，带动身边人参与公共事务。</p></li><li><p><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">谋方案</strong>：</p><p>问题导向，采用多样化的引导手法制定周密的公众参与实施策略与计划。</p><p>应注意方案的可调整性与操作性，可结合实际工作开展，逐步细化修订。</p></li><li><p><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">放责权</strong>：</p><p>在实际条件允许的范围内，给予社区、居民更多的决定权与自由支配权，鼓励采用共商共建的方式，增强归属感与责任感。</p><p>应坚持责权对等原则，给予权利的同时明确相应付有的责任。</p></li><li><p><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">立标准</strong>：</p><p>管理制度、责权分配、操作流程、奖惩制度等措施公开化、透明化、相对固定化，并应在最终确定公布前征得相关人同意。</p><p>后续完善或修改标准，应进行公开意见征集、投票与公示，多渠道保证居民知情权、参与权、决策权。</p></li><li><p><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">重长效</strong>：</p><p>机制培育与运行是地区常态化管理体系调整的创新，制度确定应考虑持久性与适应性，避免表面工作、一时热度。</p><p>同时，要做好机制运行的实效跟踪，及时发现问题与空白处，作为后续制度调整、完善的依据。</p></li></ul></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">首先，不论是政府、专家学者还是社会组织、社区能人，均存在各自优缺点。政府推动具有政策和资源的集中优势，路径不同可能存在被动执行问题；社会组织创新性强，社区活跃度明显，但资源受限缺乏造血机制；专家学者具备人才和理念优势，但在后续陪伴和撤出机制上存在瓶颈；社区能人的熟人感召力、亲和力强，但存在服务偶然性、专业性的问题。由此可见，应结合具体项目需求选择推动主体，亦可搭建多方协作平台，过程中应注重持续性内生动力——社区居委会和居民自组织的探索与培育。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其次，标准的设定往往代表多数居民意见，如何在意见分歧时引导并决策结果？如何取舍标准？定性类意见如何表达与执行？如何让相关群体自觉遵守标准？后续监督维护方式如何开展？居民意见摇摆不定，宽己严人、先己后人等惯性思维以及钻空子推脱责任等行为，都对标准设定的牵头人提出了很大挑战。应结合“谋方案”环节，设定适宜实施策略。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">最后，标准的设定与机制的建立不是为了短期突击，是一种陪伴式跟踪的治理模式转变。应配套制定并执行后续监督机制与奖惩措施，与标准同步征求居民意见并公开透明化。要做好具体工作的分工与计划，便于实地开展与调整。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: scroll;border-color: rgb(237, 209, 184);border-width: 1px;border-radius: 4px;border-style: solid;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/dOJiaPEibHDc1w0VWUAX19hr99bP1icKhicq17ZTUkmHD5rShyebmmcou8ErEs6AxCXZFJNu6RcLDPy1tvVld3cyPA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="horizontal-tb" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(135, 119, 97);font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4. 工作展望与建议</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">后续工作应重点加强以下几点：</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（1）建立长效跟踪体系，制定可实操的工作计划</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">现有实践案例多为借助社会组织、社区能人、专家学者，在社区工作者协助下，通过开放空间讨论会、专家问答咨询、经验借鉴等方式，引导居民自发产生问题解决措施。整体过程属于“立标准”等前期步骤，如何实施、监督及鼓励居民自觉履行较为薄弱，应结合项目推进及时总结提炼，制定具体的操作方法，助推机制长效运行与自组织孵化。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（2）创新社区工作理念，提高居民参与认知</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社区作为一定范围内关联人群的社会生活共同体，是居民日常接触最多的管理型社会组织。其工作理念与方式对基层治理方向产生决定性影响。居民自治培育看似原则简单、流程清晰，有着极强的可复制性与操作性，但实践过程中的不确定性与持续性，对社区工作人员的实操能力和经验要求较高。社区是居民自治机制培育的内生动力，应在转变工作理念的前提下加强自身学习力度，理念与行动交互促进，并通过具体实践转变居民的参与认知与行为主动性，激发内生活力。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（3）畅通规划编制与城市治理的互通渠道</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会治理创新的关键在于如何处理好纵向整合与横向协作机制的有效衔接，即借助于自上而下的力量对自下而上的话语进行扶持和推动。城市管理作为规划编制实施的路径之一，检验着规划理念的科学性，二者应形成理论与实践的互补循环，也是对百姓主动参与社区建设、配合运行自治机制的一种合法性反馈。横向协作机制则需要借助多种力量整合意见，不同于行政话语表达，要能最大程度融合不同立场、观念与需求，激发参与动力。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">同时，也希望政府部门通过制度性授权或行政性分权给予社区、居民更多的社区事务决定权与主导权；为社会组织提供更广阔的运行平台，引用外部力量撬动社区内部资源，构建多方协作的联合体，推动自治体系的形成和发展。通过培力于社区将居民需求打造成项目，以政府购买服务或公益创投的方式进行调动，倒逼社区提高自治意识和自治能力，更好地为社区自治、基层治理创新提供土壤与空间。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(133, 95, 16);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">参考文献</p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">[1] 彭振芳，林秀梅，肖芳，苗伟.“新公民”时代城市社区居民自治发展趋势及对策研究[J].华北理工大学学报（社会科学版），2019（01）：5-8.</span></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">[2] 吴海红，郭圣莉.从社区建设到社区营造：十八大以来社区治理创新的制度逻辑和话语变迁[J].深圳大学学报（人文社会科学版），2018（02）：107-115.</span></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">[3] 李艳丽.多元共治下的城市社区治理研究:理论、实践、反思与前瞻[J].内蒙古大学学报（哲学社会科学版），2018（03）：54-61.</span></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">[4] 江苏省城镇化和城乡规划研究中心.社区自治案例：美国弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿县“社区管理计划”[J].江苏城市规划，2018（03）：41.</span></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">[5] 黄伶俐. 新加坡社区社会组织：政府主导与社区自治[J].中国民政，2018（24）：16-18.</span></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.0250368" data-w="679" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/x5s9ucxb17Vhr5Gib7jMFJdEZj9nktrQkUZv8VljUxlKcuXrFmcrT3ccGQIJcKknktRj8ibB0wB7uCKjL1ViaG1Gw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="horizontal-tb" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">原文收录于《2019中国城市规划年会论文集》。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">获授权微信首发，如需转载请联系本号。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section>
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