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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00nggPFobTajsU3dY3OSrewFNYx5ns8U8iaaXWaNCgQAVfVGkianr0LZ1g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.3798828125" data-w="1024"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 2px none rgb(255, 202, 0);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(239, 70, 70);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-53202-1534475045474" style="line-height: 1.8;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(239, 175, 17);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文需阅读 - 23分钟</p></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 60%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgba(95, 156, 239, 0.69);background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(239, 70, 70);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(239, 70, 70);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Sustainable</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(239, 70, 70);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cities &</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(239, 70, 70);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Mobility</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 2px solid rgb(179, 179, 179);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(179, 179, 179);padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;">城市规划与发展战略</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(170, 168, 168);box-sizing: border-box;">城市综合交通</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(226, 64, 43);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通与非机动化出行</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(182, 182, 182);box-sizing: border-box;">活力街区、街道与城市设计</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(182, 182, 182);box-sizing: border-box;">量化城市与大数据</span></p></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(239, 175, 17);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">「</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"></span></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">」</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;padding: 0px 5px;color: rgb(239, 175, 17);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2019年<span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> | 11</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">月06日期</span></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 40%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;font-size: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 70%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00BUmkB8W0xB5YQXbBs7THRrNv759JjWVKZp7lSsAScicSFFLtGkLNQFA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="1.0234604105571847" data-w="682"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 17%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/8AOEe6M7om2nAia8p08G3qTHmnmO5xDBY96c2qnibARzPlyRu8AzVE9DGLggSmT59ic1H49LT3QwKUCJ7PY2Mhe1w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">团队成员<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 5%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/8AOEe6M7om2nAia8p08G3qTHmnmO5xDBY96c2qnibARzPlyRu8AzVE9DGLggSmT59ic1H49LT3QwKUCJ7PY2Mhe1w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/8AOEe6M7om2nAia8p08G3qTHmnmO5xDBY96c2qnibARzPlyRu8AzVE9DGLggSmT59ic1H49LT3QwKUCJ7PY2Mhe1w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;font-size: 24px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 48px;margin: 10px 0%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: -5px;width: 3em;height: 3em;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;border-radius: 100%;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00MNVU5Iia1QdvgG85Az8anVhDiahiaiaP7lzXrcJ3w9CyhzMmkRd92Cb5aA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"> <img data-ratio="0.9962406" data-w="266" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00MNVU5Iia1QdvgG85Az8anVhDiahiaiaP7lzXrcJ3w9CyhzMmkRd92Cb5aA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -1.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -2px;margin-left: -3px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: right;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-top: -3px;margin-right: -3px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);margin-left: -3px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 3em;height: 1.5em;margin-top: -5px;border-radius: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.5em;border-left: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-right: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-bottom: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-top-color: rgb(232, 76, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 48px;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-bottom: -1.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 3em;height: 1.5em;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 1.5em 1.5em 0px 0px;border-left: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-right: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-top: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 76, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: right;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-right: -3px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);margin-left: -3px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -2px;margin-left: -3px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: -5px;width: 3em;height: 3em;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;border-radius: 100%;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;box-shadow: rgb(255, 202, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00mEibdCJVacHEnBISQpQFhokZ6icJ2MqmI3pYRAyNn47utf13Aoc2zcMA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"> <img data-ratio="0.9962406" data-w="266" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00mEibdCJVacHEnBISQpQFhokZ6icJ2MqmI3pYRAyNn47utf13Aoc2zcMA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;"></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;font-size: 24px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 48px;margin: 10px 0%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: -5px;width: 3em;height: 3em;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;border-radius: 100%;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00kZqjkmwMjYYnFkHsKxyxkQTGrtx1SNqjMnic51R1en8HBicUbGyktcdg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"> <img data-ratio="1" data-w="170" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00kZqjkmwMjYYnFkHsKxyxkQTGrtx1SNqjMnic51R1en8HBicUbGyktcdg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -1.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -2px;margin-left: -3px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: right;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-top: -3px;margin-right: -3px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);margin-left: -3px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 3em;height: 1.5em;margin-top: -5px;border-radius: 0px 0px 1.5em 1.5em;border-left: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-right: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-bottom: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-top-color: rgb(232, 76, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 48px;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-bottom: -1.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 3em;height: 1.5em;margin-bottom: -5px;border-radius: 1.5em 1.5em 0px 0px;border-left: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-right: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-top: 1px dashed rgb(232, 76, 32);border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 76, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;float: right;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-right: -3px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);margin-left: -3px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);transform: rotate(0deg);margin-bottom: -2px;margin-left: -3px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-bottom: -5px;width: 3em;height: 3em;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);padding: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;border-radius: 100%;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;box-shadow: rgb(255, 202, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00WpKSTvA0hf1SeEIQZTJt9MG0v2GxwfPuLkp98bUxfibriaBT0VdVyn1g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"> <img data-ratio="0.9962406" data-w="266" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00WpKSTvA0hf1SeEIQZTJt9MG0v2GxwfPuLkp98bUxfibriaBT0VdVyn1g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;"></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(255, 202, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/8AOEe6M7om2nAia8p08G3qTHmnmO5xDBY96c2qnibARzPlyRu8AzVE9DGLggSmT59ic1H49LT3QwKUCJ7PY2Mhe1w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;padding: 0px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.5px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">原文/ </strong>Marcela Valente、City Metric Staff</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">翻译/ </strong>肖中圣、李昊伦、 郝正博 </span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑/ </strong>众山小<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">    校核/ </strong>众山小<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文献/ </strong>柯晟<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">   排版/ </strong>王红杰</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 178, 188);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">微博 |</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"> weibo.com/</span></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: 10px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 7%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/8AOEe6M7om2nAia8p08G3qTHmnmO5xDBY96c2qnibARzPlyRu8AzVE9DGLggSmT59ic1H49LT3QwKUCJ7PY2Mhe1w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/8AOEe6M7om2nAia8p08G3qTHmnmO5xDBY96c2qnibARzPlyRu8AzVE9DGLggSmT59ic1H49LT3QwKUCJ7PY2Mhe1w/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section><section style="margin: -55px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 27%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00jAd8QeUkbfTIoUcIYfJmZJlI0pzk9rlbGcFydnBO9HkBqvZxETV5nQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="1" data-w="120"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -18px 0% 10px;font-size: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);display: inline-block;width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;line-height: 2.5em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 240);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-10386-1536648223411" style="text-align: center;font-size: 22px;color: rgb(246, 246, 246);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family:Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览导读</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 96%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(55, 120, 153) 0px 0px 6px;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-radius: 8px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px 15px 8px;box-shadow: rgb(239, 175, 17) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-61658-1548305745155" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本周北京市交通委公布了《北京市交通出行数据开放管理办法(试行)》地铁公交拥挤度、实时路况、停车场泊位等数据全面向社会开放，终于在全国整体上地面公交客流连续下降之后，拿出了变革的勇气和开放包容的心态，值得我们鼓励。同时对标他国，在过去10年里，美国的公共交通客运量下降了近5%，主要原因是同期地面公交客运量累计下降了15%，若要保持现有地位，城市和运输机构需要满足乘客对公共交通不断升高的期望。为了在缓解拥堵、提供更加公平交通方式和实现可持续发展目标方面取得长期成功，KMPG毕马威适时推出了这份出行加速器的报告，分析未来公共交通系统如何通过数据驱动自我强化。我们相信，公共和私营部门的领导人能够接受新兴技术。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -50px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 15%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -70px 0% 0px;font-size: 18px;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 5em;height: 5em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;text-align: center;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table;width: 100%;height: 5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;line-height: 1.2;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);font-size: 15px;padding: 10px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">阅读</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正文</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq008vI6AzWcz9OM0QoxkKt6jdoAiajuDXgK5F07ibWiaMw7GkY3dnLnJiaeFw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="1.0964912280701755" data-w="1026"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、出行移动</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">性快照</em></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(247, 183, 166);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: white 1px 1px, white 1px -1px, white -1px 1px, white -1px -1px, white 0px 1px, white 0px -1px, white 1px 0px, white -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">01 概要</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 55px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/njnc0Rz8edicaPMWK3C0EBgSfoPvlYcRCSq2AZ5Qu7qARqiccz6RvrK4AqDGD4m68518l7VicicNlN0QXELq1ia8JuQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.42443729903536975" data-w="311"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="flex: 1 1 auto;height: 2px;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(213, 182, 123) 0%, rgba(213, 182, 123, 0) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="flex: 0 0 auto;height: 10px;width: 10px;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(213, 182, 123);transform: matrix(0.707, 0.707, -0.707, 0.707, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/nibUF7pnq7Ud5qmZEc9UVKhdKJr6oLmKFEFNy6aT03cbZNwAIybHjgia1ialLxXXUAibpofWpjnyCBUJWEmWkribEdQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");padding: 10px;border-width: 0px;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(201, 156, 107);line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;background-color: rgba(243, 229, 207, 0.62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-1px, 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M-0.5-1005C-555.3-1005-1005-555.3-1005-0.5S-555.3,1004-0.5,1004S1004,554.3,1004-0.5   S554.3-1005-0.5-1005L-0.5-1005z" fill="rgb(201,156,107)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path><path d="M195,69c-69,0-125,56-125,125s56,125,125,125s125-56,125-125S264,69,195,69L195,69z" fill="rgb(201,156,107)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path></g></svg></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);margin: -1px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 10px;height: 10px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 1000 1000" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><rect x="0" y="-1" style="box-sizing: border-box;" width="1000" height="1000" fill="rgb(243,227,203)"></rect></g></g><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><path d="M1000.5-905c61.4,0,122.8,6.2,182.4,18.4c58,11.9,115.1,29.6,169.6,52.7c53.6,22.7,105.3,50.7,153.6,83.4   c47.9,32.4,93,69.6,133.9,110.5c41,41,78.1,86,110.5,133.9c32.7,48.3,60.7,100,83.4,153.6c23.1,54.5,40.8,111.6,52.7,169.6   c12.2,59.6,18.4,121,18.4,182.4s-6.2,122.8-18.4,182.4c-11.9,58-29.6,115.1-52.7,169.6c-22.7,53.6-50.7,105.3-83.4,153.6   c-32.4,47.9-69.6,93-110.5,133.9c-41,41-86,78.1-133.9,110.5c-48.3,32.7-100,60.7-153.6,83.4c-54.5,23.1-111.6,40.8-169.6,52.7   c-59.6,12.2-121,18.4-182.4,18.4s-122.8-6.2-182.4-18.4C760.1,873.7,703,856,648.5,833c-53.6-22.7-105.3-50.7-153.6-83.4   c-47.9-32.4-93-69.6-133.9-110.5s-78.1-86-110.5-133.9c-32.7-48.3-60.7-100-83.4-153.6C144,297,126.3,239.9,114.4,181.9   C102.2,122.3,96,60.9,96-0.5s6.2-122.8,18.4-182.4c11.9-58,29.6-115.1,52.7-169.6c22.7-53.6,50.7-105.3,83.4-153.6   c32.4-47.9,69.6-93,110.5-133.9s86-78.1,133.9-110.5c48.4-32.7,100-60.7,153.6-83.4c54.5-23.1,111.6-40.8,169.6-52.7   C877.7-898.8,939.1-905,1000.5-905 M1000.5-1005C445.7-1005-4-555.3-4-0.5S445.7,1004,1000.5,1004S2005,554.3,2005-0.5   S1555.3-1005,1000.5-1005L1000.5-1005z" fill="rgb(201,156,107)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path><path d="M805,69c69,0,125,56,125,125s-56,125-125,125s-125-56-125-125S736,69,805,69L805,69z" fill="rgb(201,156,107)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path></g></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.8px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 7px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(168, 123, 69);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">科技的进步影响着各个领域，改变着我们的娱乐、工作和生活方式。在这个时代，消费者实际上处于主导地位，这就要求私营企业和公共机构重新考虑如何提供消费者满意的服务。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了保持公共交通的现有地位并不断增长的共享移动性，需要重新评估现有的业务模型，深入研究消费者行为的趋势，以便深入了解消费者想要的产品和服务，甚至是在他们想要这些产品和服务之前。我们必须从大众交通转向大众流动。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">私营企业已经适应了当下数字化环境，而公共部门，尤其是交通运营单位，也有机会这样做。固定线路公交服务仍然是最主要的公共交通模式,而美国各城市客流量一直下降的挑战并不是单一原因造成的,包括占据主导地位小汽车出行、共享经济崛起、日益流行的打车平台和拼车平台，例如Uber,Lyft和Via。 以共享单车为例，2017年美国城市中心区的共享单车出行数量是3500万人次，超过2016年的25%。对系统的投资可以提高公共交通的竞争力，过去二十年的重大投资使轨道交通更为便捷，并带来了三位数百分比的客流增长，但是与之相应的是，地面公交客流量却是两位数百分比的下降。但我们认为，最大的挑战是消费者期望的改变，即按需服务不仅激增，而且现在已成为常态。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了让公共交通重新获得其作为一种有价值和成本效益的交通方式，并为其未来进行定位，现在是城市和公民领导人重新思考和重塑交通的时候了。公共交通和公共汽车客流量的下降是由技术革新和日益增加的交通方式导致的。未来将会有更多的挑战，如自动驾驶汽车将给公共巴士带来更多的压力。为了使公交在数字时代保持活力和良好状态，公交供应商有机会利用新兴技术来满足消费者的需求，以补充和加强公交服务。这可以通过以下方式实现:</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: disc;"><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">与私营交通运营单位合作，开发更强大的公共交通服务，满足消费者的偏好，充分利用现有的基础设施。</strong></p></li><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 利用传统和非传统的数据来源，更好地理解客流特征。</strong></p></li><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">开发需求响应解决方案，提供以乘客为中心的公共交通系统。</strong></p></li></ul><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">所有上规模的社区都可以通过采用这些方法获得成功。其影响是深远的。对许多人来说，地面公交是唯一可行的交通工具。公平的公共交通对实现教育、就业和医疗的可达性至关重要。以公平的方式服务于低收入、中等和高收入社区以提高公共交通的竞争力，这是实现持久经济增长的关键因素。总而言之，更好的流动性支持了当地经济发展，和人们之间的联系，并创造出更具吸引力的社区。</p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;transform: rotateX(180deg);-webkit-transform: rotateX(180deg);-moz-transform: rotateX(180deg);-o-transform: rotateX(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);margin: -1px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 10px;height: 10px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 1000 1000" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><rect y="-1" style="box-sizing: border-box;" width="1000" height="1000" fill="rgb(240, 219, 188)"></rect></g></g><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><path d="M-0.5-905c61.4,0,122.8,6.2,182.4,18.4c58,11.9,115.1,29.6,169.6,52.7c53.6,22.7,105.3,50.7,153.6,83.4   c47.9,32.4,93,69.6,133.9,110.5s78.1,86,110.5,133.9c32.7,48.3,60.7,100,83.4,153.6c23.1,54.5,40.8,111.6,52.7,169.6   C897.8-123.3,904-61.9,904-0.5s-6.2,122.8-18.4,182.4C873.7,239.9,856,297,833,351.5c-22.7,53.6-50.7,105.3-83.4,153.6   c-32.4,47.9-69.6,93-110.5,133.9s-86,78.1-133.9,110.5c-48.3,32.7-100,60.7-153.6,83.4C297,856,239.9,873.7,181.9,885.6   C122.3,897.8,60.9,904-0.5,904s-122.8-6.2-182.4-18.4c-58-11.9-115.1-29.6-169.6-52.7c-53.6-22.7-105.3-50.7-153.6-83.4   c-47.9-32.4-93-69.6-133.9-110.5s-78.1-86-110.5-133.9c-32.7-48.3-60.7-100-83.4-153.6c-23.1-54.5-40.8-111.6-52.7-169.6   C-898.8,122.3-905,60.9-905-0.5s6.2-122.8,18.4-182.4c11.9-58,29.6-115.1,52.7-169.6c22.7-53.6,50.7-105.3,83.4-153.6   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top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 1000 1000" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><rect x="0" y="-1" style="box-sizing: border-box;" width="1000" height="1000" fill="rgb(243, 223, 199)"></rect></g></g><g style="box-sizing: border-box;"><path d="M1000.5-905c61.4,0,122.8,6.2,182.4,18.4c58,11.9,115.1,29.6,169.6,52.7c53.6,22.7,105.3,50.7,153.6,83.4   c47.9,32.4,93,69.6,133.9,110.5c41,41,78.1,86,110.5,133.9c32.7,48.3,60.7,100,83.4,153.6c23.1,54.5,40.8,111.6,52.7,169.6   c12.2,59.6,18.4,121,18.4,182.4s-6.2,122.8-18.4,182.4c-11.9,58-29.6,115.1-52.7,169.6c-22.7,53.6-50.7,105.3-83.4,153.6   c-32.4,47.9-69.6,93-110.5,133.9c-41,41-86,78.1-133.9,110.5c-48.3,32.7-100,60.7-153.6,83.4c-54.5,23.1-111.6,40.8-169.6,52.7   c-59.6,12.2-121,18.4-182.4,18.4s-122.8-6.2-182.4-18.4C760.1,873.7,703,856,648.5,833c-53.6-22.7-105.3-50.7-153.6-83.4   c-47.9-32.4-93-69.6-133.9-110.5s-78.1-86-110.5-133.9c-32.7-48.3-60.7-100-83.4-153.6C144,297,126.3,239.9,114.4,181.9   C102.2,122.3,96,60.9,96-0.5s6.2-122.8,18.4-182.4c11.9-58,29.6-115.1,52.7-169.6c22.7-53.6,50.7-105.3,83.4-153.6   c32.4-47.9,69.6-93,110.5-133.9s86-78.1,133.9-110.5c48.4-32.7,100-60.7,153.6-83.4c54.5-23.1,111.6-40.8,169.6-52.7   C877.7-898.8,939.1-905,1000.5-905 M1000.5-1005C445.7-1005-4-555.3-4-0.5S445.7,1004,1000.5,1004S2005,554.3,2005-0.5   S1555.3-1005,1000.5-1005L1000.5-1005z" fill="rgb(201,156,107)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path><path d="M805,69c69,0,125,56,125,125s-56,125-125,125s-125-56-125-125S736,69,805,69L805,69z" fill="rgb(201,156,107)" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></path></g></svg></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icmzftYva4W8xFS5gX0dq8WpxnuSJZIibJqtgR88GCHJR1aadnrjTfvzRc7b4fKFtI2k0NR3N7Iohz4wX3ANLfcQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.0390625" data-w="640"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(247, 183, 166);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: white 1px 1px, white 1px -1px, white -1px 1px, white -1px -1px, white 0px 1px, white 0px -1px, white 1px 0px, white -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">02 引言</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 55px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/njnc0Rz8edicaPMWK3C0EBgSfoPvlYcRCSq2AZ5Qu7qARqiccz6RvrK4AqDGD4m68518l7VicicNlN0QXELq1ia8JuQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.42443729903536975" data-w="311"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="flex: 1 1 auto;height: 2px;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(213, 182, 123) 0%, rgba(213, 182, 123, 0) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="flex: 0 0 auto;height: 10px;width: 10px;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(213, 182, 123);transform: matrix(0.707, 0.707, -0.707, 0.707, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v31wS1rRicxseKXhvOj0Ajqt3xzTsiaJLgM1cIAyMsTTURxcdZuODBWdgicuELC4qRRZ0A1XKay0ViaOHl0sSpJ6qA/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 64.8852%;background-attachment: scroll;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着技术的颠覆性发展，公共交通的传统角色正在发生变化，迫使公共交通机构不断发展，对需求做出更积极的反应。各机构需要将自己视为移动设备集成商，以促进便捷性，并提供无缝连接到其他出行方式选项。随着客户要求更多更好的服务，传统固定线路的公共交通组织模式可能变得不那么重要。</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: right;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">—— <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Bill Van Meter, 副总经理,RT</em></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">过去10年，美国各地的公共交通客运量下降，而且下降速度还在进一步加快。地面公交是占比最多的公共交通方式，公共交通客流量的总体下降的主要原因是小汽车和共享自行车服务为消费者提供了比以往任何时候都更多的便捷性，这些多样化的交通方式越来越多地提供了人性化的服务。本白皮书评估了公共交通运营单位在将公共交通系统带入数字时代中所能扮演的角色的转变——从建立和运营公共交通系统的单位，到利用数据为乘客改善服务并创造新机会的单位。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通正处于一个关键的十字路口。在今天的数字时代，乘客更希望有一个灵活的公共交通系统，包括多种按需响应的平台。许多群众代表正在重新思考交通的未来，并希望进一步了解技术能从何种方式重塑交通，尤其是公共汽车服务，更应同时具有响应性、竞争力和包容性。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">数据的爆炸式增长和零散的交通服务促使许多城市寻求集成平台，允许用户根据自己的需要、日程安排和首选的交通方式定制自己的出行。跨不同运输系统收集和集成数据是重要的第一步，但这只是第一步。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了充分优化综合交通系统，公共机构收集非传统数据源是至关重要的，这些数据源能让交通专业人员更好地理解和影响乘客的出行选择。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地方政府也应该转变观念，接受实时数据，以提高交通规划的效率。为了更好地满足快速发展的乘客需求，公共机构可以利用非传统数据源，如手机和导航设备上收集的OD数据，与私人运营单位合作，并开发基于需求响应的出行方案。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(247, 183, 166);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: white 1px 1px, white 1px -1px, white -1px 1px, white -1px -1px, white 0px 1px, white 0px -1px, white 1px 0px, white -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">03 客流量急剧下降</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 55px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/njnc0Rz8edicaPMWK3C0EBgSfoPvlYcRCSq2AZ5Qu7qARqiccz6RvrK4AqDGD4m68518l7VicicNlN0QXELq1ia8JuQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.42443729903536975" data-w="311"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="flex: 1 1 auto;height: 2px;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(213, 182, 123) 0%, rgba(213, 182, 123, 0) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="flex: 0 0 auto;height: 10px;width: 10px;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(213, 182, 123);transform: matrix(0.707, 0.707, -0.707, 0.707, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">毕马威的白皮书显示，未来几年预计技术还会出现进一步的爆发式的变革，包括自动驾驶的广泛应用。这些进展将进一步增加采取行动的必要性。出行将会逐渐转换为以需求为导向的交通系统为主，以疏通拥堵的道路，提高安全性，减少碳排放。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不同交通方式换乘不便是普遍现象，其对道路的影响也最为严重。乘客总是在成本和便利之间寻求平衡，以满足他们的出行需求。随着科技的飞速发展，他们的选择越来越多。地面公交长期以来一直是一种低成本的交通工具，但当其他可能更方便的响应式的交通工具在成本上变得更竞争力时，地面公共将会发生什么? 客运量的急剧下降和下降速度的变大，象征着公共交通在不断变化，公共交通正面临按需服务和技术驱动的挑战。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00ia5DiapmRKIuHRop7G0xnAVp4OUxfUgSCFR1EzNcMbfXTvEGwMpibKKIQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="1.4523809523809523" data-w="966"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通客运量的负增长</em></strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00y3oPB4Fw5b7hKM09KtxoXBt6ESrdCPwjHeB3HES4WdXUhdrkdicaZQQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.6184074457083765" data-w="967"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00G1dnAjPQKvuicLicVgaAd9FDXny3uwdticjl0vL1hqG9icvl4oPng8yQEQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.7025440313111546" data-w="1022"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图三、地面公交是公共交通客运量下降主要因素</strong></em></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(247, 183, 166);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: white 1px 1px, white 1px -1px, white -1px 1px, white -1px -1px, white 0px 1px, white 0px -1px, white 1px 0px, white -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">04 挑战</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 55px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/njnc0Rz8edicaPMWK3C0EBgSfoPvlYcRCSq2AZ5Qu7qARqiccz6RvrK4AqDGD4m68518l7VicicNlN0QXELq1ia8JuQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.42443729903536975" data-w="311"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="flex: 1 1 auto;height: 2px;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(213, 182, 123) 0%, rgba(213, 182, 123, 0) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="flex: 0 0 auto;height: 10px;width: 10px;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(213, 182, 123);transform: matrix(0.707, 0.707, -0.707, 0.707, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在数字时代，公共交通客流量（尤其是公共汽车客流量）面临的最大挑战可能是旅客的出行行为和期望。聚焦便利性的定制服务已经成为当今环境下的一个标志，提升消费者体验也成为各行业的优先任务。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1. 共享经济的兴起</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在过去的几年里，新技术和逐渐多元化的出行方式在美国城市中越来越受欢迎，从而造成公共汽车客流量的大幅下降和交通的日益拥堵，公交公司为抵消运营成本不得不降低行业收入。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在过去6年中，最值得注意的是网约车服务和拼车服务（包括但不仅限于Uber和Lyft）已经从根本上改变了居民的通勤状况，9个美国主要城市增加了57亿英里的车辆里程。然而，这并不是唯一的驱动因素，所以也不应该认为这是造成公共交通客流量下降的唯一原因。毕马威(KPMG)过去的研究表明更广泛的出行服务是一个价值一万亿美元规模的市场，随着需求继续增长这一市场将有望成为一个价值数万亿美元的市场。使用共享汽车的用户数量从2011年的100万人增长到2017年的1000万人，预计到2025年将增长到3600万人。共享自行车的使用量也在逐步增长，尤其是在城市地区，2017年的共享单车出行超过3500万次，这一数字比2016年增长了25%。随着无桩的共享电动自行车的日益普及，预计共享自行车的使用量将以更快的速度增长。在100多个城市中，电动滑板车的使用率也在上升，人们在一年多的时间里选择电动滑板车进行了大约2000万次出行。现实情况是消费者正在选用这些种类众多的交通出行方式，而公民领袖要思考的问题是如何利用这些出行选择作为实现一些目标的机会。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq001clr3A9r23dTWWaSsuF2zO4PAdFwOBRDicBnXbtSzBqYfWGaUDzIjsA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.6647000983284169" data-w="1017"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图四、科技正在拓宽出行选择</strong></em></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 3px;padding: 0px 30px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2. 单人驾驶车辆的优势</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">速览：在美国，85%的居民开车上下班，这其中有90%的人是单独开车上下班。</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">驾驶私家车出行仍然是人们最普遍和最首要的选择方式。在美国，85%的居民开车上下班，这其中有90%的人是单独开车上下班。随着人口的增长，越来越多的司机拥有了自己的汽车，其他人群也越来越多地使用出行服务，这些趋势共同促进了单人驾驶车辆(single occupancy vehicle，SOV)的兴起。这既是对公共交通提高客流量的竞争挑战，也是对拥堵加剧和出行时间延长的服务挑战。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">预计从2013年到2030年美国每年因交通拥堵造成的总成本将上升50%。到2030年，主要受城市人口规模增长和经济增长的促进作用，欧洲和美国每年因交通拥堵造成的总成本将飙升至2,930亿美元。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">让我们一起来面对吧！大多数城市及其周边社区都是为汽车而设计的。由于私家车更为方便、可靠和安全，所以大多数通勤者更喜欢开车而不是乘坐公共交通。此外汽车所有权模式正在变得更适合消费者。综上所述，这些因素预示着人们选择单人驾驶车辆出行的趋势将持续增长。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">当对比开私家车和乘坐公共交通的成本时，我们可以很明显地看出人们愿意为了出行方便而花钱。AAA的报告显示驾驶一辆汽车的年成本约为9,000美元，这还不包括新车的折旧。即便只计算每年为一辆汽车行驶12,000英里所花费的燃油费用，就大大超过了选择公共交通出行为主的年总成本。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">消费者在购置小汽车和乘坐公共交通之间进行权衡时，也在考虑两者的可靠性价值(Value of Reliability，VOR)。即便是在未来自动驾驶汽车的世界里，交通拥堵也将继续加剧，因此出行的可靠性将变得更加关键。毕马威(KPMG)的分析预测显示2015年至2040年期间自动驾驶汽车的使用将使汽车行驶里程增加160%，这其中私人自动驾驶汽车和无人驾驶出行服务都将起到主要作用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00nggPFobTajsU3dY3OSrewFNYx5ns8U8iaaXWaNCgQAVfVGkianr0LZ1g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.3798828125" data-w="1024"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图五、来自《出行加速器》Marcela Valente、City Metric Staff</em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3. 投资不足</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">目前美国许多城市公交车队的公交车辆服役时间正在接近联邦公共交通管理局（Federal Transit Administration）建议的最长使用年限（12年）。在较大的城市中，公交车队的平均服役时间接近推荐使用寿命的70%。除了运营老旧车辆的额外成本，我们还必须考虑投资不足对我们出行和社区的环境影响。在全国范围内还有900亿美元的基础设施项目没有得到资金支持，这些项目是为了让巴士和铁路系统保持良好的运营状态。与此同时，票价成本回收率正在下降而公共交通运营成本则在增加，这对城市投资现代化系统建设的能力从财务上造成限制，从而无法提供满足消费者期望的并且有竞争力和可持续发展的服务（例如2016年，交通运输业占美国温室气体排放总量的28%）。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通中的目标投资是重要的一步，它指明了更好的前进方向:它可以增加交通客流量，减少我们的环境足迹，并推动经济增长。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00uMODicLk8X6N4LMGagiaJATCPx6Jq0pwTtYdzsHd9j0hDMSaUaRkda6g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.4527777777777778" data-w="1080"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图六、来自《出行加速器》Marcela Valente、City Metric Staff</em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 3px;padding: 0px 30px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(247, 183, 166);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: white 1px 1px, white 1px -1px, white -1px 1px, white -1px -1px, white 0px 1px, white 0px -1px, white 1px 0px, white -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">05 了解出行者的需求</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 55px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/njnc0Rz8edicaPMWK3C0EBgSfoPvlYcRCSq2AZ5Qu7qARqiccz6RvrK4AqDGD4m68518l7VicicNlN0QXELq1ia8JuQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.42443729903536975" data-w="311"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="flex: 1 1 auto;height: 2px;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(213, 182, 123) 0%, rgba(213, 182, 123, 0) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="flex: 0 0 auto;height: 10px;width: 10px;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(213, 182, 123);transform: matrix(0.707, 0.707, -0.707, 0.707, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过促进向需求驱动模型的转变，新科技和商业模式正在改变标准的固定路线的公共交通服务。现消费者拥有更加广泛且种类不断增长的按需替代解决方案，以满足公共交通的需求。因此在21世纪不断变化的交通环境中，理解什么是乘客最为重视的十分重要。然后，城市和社区将能够有效地作出反应，并引领移动改革从而走入数字化时代。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了解释这些想法，我们对丹佛、休斯顿和圣地亚哥这三个城市进行了分析。尽管这些城市的规模，密集度、人口和经济增长率而有所不同，但公共汽车载客量都经历了类似的减少。因此，除去运营支出后的收入减少了。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在快速发展的丹佛，城市规划者采用了更为广泛的出行倡议，将提升城市数据分析能力的努力与促进公共交通相结合，以改善公交载客量。与此同时，休斯顿和圣地亚哥已采取有益措施重新划定他们的固定路线。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着技术的快速发展，城市需要灵活的方法。 对于不同规模和需求的城市来说，现在是一个适合的时机，以符合技术引导的消费者偏好和活动变化的方式来调整其公共交通和出行计划。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00JiaQ1ibtellxJuXfMPGibyvI0YvTTmtcnAlPCdTeOsLsFKicOxOwX0haTg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.32324455205811137" data-w="826"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图七、</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">公交车载客量的减少以及票价回收率的降低。</em></strong></p></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">毕马威与数据提供商SafeGraph Data合作分析过去五年内丹佛、休斯顿和圣地亚哥消费者OD数据，从而评估缺少交通运输方式是否导致公交载客量减少。我们的研究结果证实，在这些城市中心，获得公共汽车服务实际上并不是问题。在这些城市中，90-95％的潜在客户居住或工作在公交车站四分之一英里范围内。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">目前的问题在于固定路线的公交服务没有跟上消费者的喜好，或者对时间感知价值的变化作出反应。<span style="color: rgb(210, 25, 72);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">这包括对更快的出行速度，更短的等待时间和舒适度的需求。</strong></span>最近的一项调查表明美国主要城市地区的公共交通乘客等待时长占据通勤时间的三分之一，每年浪费150小时.</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们的分析认为，其他交通方式的发展表明了在机动性和出行方式的选择上，出行者对于便利和私人化体验的考量往往胜过成本。换句话说，对于出行者而言，时间与金钱的价值正在改变。在城市地区，公共汽车几乎对所有潜在的乘客开放，而且通常是成本最低的交通方式，但出行者却仍然逐渐转向其他出行方式。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">覆盖范围并非问题所在</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">地图插图展现了跨城市公交交通的广泛覆盖范围。通过使用SafeGraph手机活动数据，我们分析了在所有通勤行程中，于公共汽车站附近开始或结束的行程所占的百分比。我们的团队针对通勤者的行为模式制定了一系列假设，并发现：</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: disc;"><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">相比于乘坐顺风车，通勤者普遍愿意走更远的距离乘坐公共交通工具。</span></p></li><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在美国的主要城市中，通勤者愿意平均步行四分之一英里到公交车站。</span></p></li><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">相比之下，通勤者往往只愿步行约400英尺搭乘顺风车。</span></p></li><li><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">价格、便利和服务之间的权衡对这些行为趋势有重大影响。</span></p></li></ul><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">结合SafeGraph数据和人们的通勤模式，我们发现超过<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">90％的通勤行程</strong>发生在我们研究区域的公交车站四分之一英里范围内。考虑到通勤者往往只愿步行约400英尺搭乘顺风车的行为假设并应用于我们的研究领域， 我们发现这三个城市只有大约30%的通勤行程在这个范围内。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">这些数字告诉我们，虽然市中心交通可达性很丰富，但是公共交通无法与灵活的按需服务竞争。顺风车服务的兴起，竞争力日益增强的价格、便利性和舒适程度的提升已经引起了通勤者对于权衡出行方式的关注。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在大多数城市，顺风车已兴起成为便捷出行的最佳方式。顺风车可以在几分钟内按需提供私人的上门接送服务，就好像出行者在自己的车内却不用担心停车，保险，加油，维修等问题。因此，交通拥堵问题也变得严重了，特别在顺风车需求增加的工作日高峰期间。共享单车和共享踏板车也同样是便捷出行的有力例证。共享车站通常位于热门地点，并且布满了自行车或踏板车。人们可以在移动应用程序上监控其可用性，从而最大限度地减少开始一公里和最后一英里的出行时间以及等待时间。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">虽然期望公共汽车能够达到这种确切的便利水平是不合理的，但市政规划者和交通管理者现在可以将其中许多因素考虑进去。例如，公共交通运营商可以采取措施减少总的等待时间和出行时间。许多运营商已经提供第三方应用程序，允许乘客得知给定公交车路线的预计到达时间，有些还在车上提供WiFi和USB充电服务。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00ypeLpy6gjCZ7azRiadMVuzLpmQrBILfsmAQ6l7IXuZHxSH1GOVvIpUg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.3059313215400624" data-w="961"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图八、早高峰</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">通勤者与享用公共交通的机会</em></strong></p></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">微交通的魅力</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了评估成本和便利之间的权衡，我们将分析转向按需共享微交通解决方案的经济学及其在数字化时代</span><strong style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">补充</strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">公交服务的可行性。包括柏林、新加坡、洛杉矶、伦敦和悉尼在内的世界各地的城市都在积极尝试需求响应式交通或微交通。这种技术支持，数据驱动的公交服务提供动态路径选择和小型或穿梭巴士的调度。人们可以在手机上获得信息，这将作为传统固定路线公共巴士的补充，并为消费者提供更方便的选择，同时有助于缓解交通拥堵和碳排放。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在丹佛进行测试的举措包括动态路径选择和微型运输服务，以便更好地将社区与公交连接起来。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">毕马威与共享微交通服务公司合作，在圣地亚哥，休斯顿和丹佛的市中心核心运行微交通模拟，以比较私人汽车对出行者的便利性以及提供共享微型运输服务的公共汽车的成本。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">就出行者的便利性而言，共享微交通可以为单人驾驶车辆提供可行的替代方案。它还与公共交通机构和城市合作，为服务提供者提供经济高效的解决方案。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了评估消费者的服务质量</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">，我们比较了驾驶私家车与乘坐共享小巴的出行时间竞争力，我们模拟这些共享小巴是从我们三个样本城市的每个“虚拟”公交车站接载乘客。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">结果</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">：模拟显示平均等待时间少于8分钟，距离要求的接送地点平均步行距离约为300到500英尺。这与为自己的汽车寻找停车位并步行到目的地或返回汽车所花费的时间相比相对较好。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">见解</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">：假设驾驶速度相当并考虑共享车辆额外需要的停车时间，与在丹佛和圣地亚哥乘坐私人车辆相比，搭乘共享小巴所用时间仅多了4分钟。在休斯敦，搭乘小巴仅多花费2分钟。这通常可以避免在车流中驾驶和停车加油的麻烦，并提供额外的按需单程旅行的灵活性。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">正如我们所预料的，与城市的固定路线公交系统相比，共享微交通在距公交车站的距离方面更为便利。90-95％居住在丹佛，休斯顿和圣地亚哥市中心的人位于距离公交车站四分之一英里的行业标准内，但只有约30％（休斯敦和丹佛）到50％（圣地亚哥）距离车站在300到500英尺之间，这是乘坐共享小巴的平均步行路程。坦率地说，最后一英里对于固定路线公共汽车而言仍然是个问题，但微交通有解决这个问题的潜在可能性。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了评估共享微交通的成本竞争力</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">，我们将提供此服务的成本与公共巴士的成本进行了比较。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">结果</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">：有趣的是，微交通提供的这种额外的便利并没有增加用户的成本，反而在某些情况下，成本更低。根据模拟的共享小巴车队的使用率和每小时车辆成本的估算，我们能够估计每次提供出行服务的总成本，并将其与每个固定路线的城市巴士服务的单程总成本进行比较。在考虑到基于城市政策和生活成本的补贴票价收入后，我们发现对于相同的行程，提供微交通服务的成本与丹佛巴士服务的成本大致相同（微交通便宜约2％，或7美分），比休斯顿的巴士服务便宜26％（或1.50美元），比圣地亚哥的巴士服务贵约15％（或仅44美分）。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(210, 25, 72);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">关键点：共享小巴可以为满足出行者需求的公交车提供经济有效的补充;但它并没有取代高需求和密集区域的公交车，因为一辆利用良好的公交车每英里路程可以容纳更多人。</span></strong></em></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在不太密集的社区，公共交通的通道有限，公交车表现不佳，所以还有探索解决方案的空间，比如微交通来帮助解决开始一公里和最后一英里的挑战并改善获取交通资源的公平性。我们相信微交通的合理应用会成为与高密度固定路线相结合的完整运输解决方案的一部分。在某些情况下，共享小巴应当取代公共巴士，因为它更快，更具吸引力，更具成本竞争力。这不总是如此，每个大都市区本身就像是一个岛屿（参见自治群岛），并需要进行适当的数据分析来设计正确的模式和服务组合。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">包容性的出行：可实现的便利</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">上述讨论的共享出行有诸多优点，但我们必须承认公平（或跨群体公共交通系统的利益和成本）是许多城市和社区的核心问题。在美国，只有30％的城市工作者的公共交通出行时间在90分钟内，而低收入人群往往有着最长的通勤时间。对于这些群体来说，成本仍然是一个挑战，而且便利性是难以实现的。如果公共汽车无法满足那些最依赖它的人的需求，那么它就会错过一批关键且可靠的乘客，这些乘客可以提高运输机构的乘客量。为了应对这些挑战，一些备受瞩目的试点计划正在开展。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在成本方面，2016年在哥伦布举办的美国交通部智能城市挑战赛的获胜者，俄亥俄州立交通管理局（COTA）与当地雇主合作，通过其C-Pass程序为45,000名市区工人提供免费巴士服务直至2020年底。该项目是在一次成功的试点之后开始实施的，并目标使参加计划的四家公司其使用共享公交通勤的员工比例从6.4％翻倍到12.2％。通勤者可以扫描票盒的应用程序， 使得支付和交易过程更为便利，同时在更广泛的智能城市计划中提供有关通勤的有价值数据。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">但是，通勤时间仍然是一个挑战。在美国各地，乘坐公共班车的人平均上班时间约为47分钟，比2007年延长了两分多钟，而乘车上下班的人的通勤时间并没有增加。交通机构提前考虑提供为出行者提供具有竞争力的便利交通系统，还有机会实现包容性，从而推动包容性经济增长并为了更强大的社会提供支持。这不仅是出行者的问题，也是雇主的问题。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们模拟了一个行程，将低收入城市社区的工作者连接到可能有定期或非定期轮班制度并雇佣各种低中高技术工作者的工作地点，比如丹佛，休斯顿和圣地亚哥的市中心的医院。我们仍研究我们之前分析中使用的覆盖范围很广的城市核心区域，以观察一个从低收入城市社区开始并具有代表性的公交车行程。我们进行的这种模拟针对的是依赖于公共交通，而不是私家车或乘车共享服务的人群，以确定每天通勤上班的出行时间和成本。根据我们的模拟结果，在四到五英里的通勤距离内乘坐公共汽车需要至多一小时的通勤时间。另一方面，使用像Uber这样的共享乘车服务或者私家车可能只需要10分钟，但每次的出行费用可能高达三倍，这样的高昂成本是值得理解的。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着科技的发展以及创新的公共交通方式不断冲击着传统的公共交通系统，低成本和更快的交通模式即将来临。公交车是成本最低的选择之一，但正如所展示的那样，最依赖它的出行者的需求难以得到满足。要使公共汽车继续在数字时代发展，它必须适应不同收入群体和社区的消费者需求。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(210, 25, 72);box-sizing: border-box;">驱使公共交通更具竞争力和包容性将有助于缩小公平差距，增加载客量，并最终推动更强劲的经济增长。新技术可以以经济有效的方式提供一个提高竞争力和包容性的机会。能够根据需求在夜班时接送工作者并带她到市中心医院可以为出行者提供更安全，更快捷的出行选择，这提高了经济效率，增加了载客量。</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">在按需交通和多种出行模式的时代，确保公平性的可行方案包括提供更多流畅支付和出行方式，例如按需付费计划，一体化无缝出行服务以及跨平台和方式使用的非接触式交通卡。 </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/v31wS1rRicxseKXhvOj0Ajqt3xzTsiaJLgM1cIAyMsTTURxcdZuODBWdgicuELC4qRRZ0A1XKay0ViaOHl0sSpJ6qA/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 64.8852%;background-attachment: scroll;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">随着颠覆性的技术持续走进交通领域，我们需要正视公平性并将其放在中心，以确保依赖交通的出行者不会被忽视。</strong></p><p style="text-align: right;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">——Bill Sirois,Senior Manager, RTD</strong></em></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">为那些最依赖交通的出行者提供服务</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">固定路线的公共交通是许多城市经济和交通网络的重要组成部分，它为人们提供定期和可负担得起的出行选择，以达到工作，教育和其他目的地。但是，这些交通网络常常在为所有用户提供可靠的服务方面受到挫折，特别是在低收入地区。因此，这些地区的成员缺少达到负担得起以及方便的交通选择，从而缺少工作，医疗保健，教育等其他机会。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们模拟了一个行程，将低收入城市社区的工作者连接到可能有定期或非定期轮班制度并雇佣各种低中高技术工作者的工作地点，比如丹佛、休斯顿和圣地亚哥的市中心的医院。我们仍研究我们之前分析中使用的覆盖范围很广的城市核心区域，以观察一个从低收入城市社区开始并具有代表性的公交车行程。我们进行的这种模拟针对的是依赖于公共交通，而不是私家车或乘车共享服务的人群，以确定每天通勤上班的出行时间和成本。根据我们的模拟结果，在四到五英里的通勤距离内乘坐公共汽车需要至多一小时的通勤时间。另一方面，使用像Uber这样的共享乘车服务或者私家车可能只需要10分钟，但每次的出行费用可能高达三倍，这样的高昂成本是值得理解的。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">这些挑战存在于所有社区，无论地形大小如何，更多的固定路线公共汽车或火车都无法经济有效地解决这个问题。确保公平性需要技术和合伙企业发现创新解决方案，包括与微交通合作创建一个交通网络，从而为社区的所有成员提供负担得起且可靠的交通方式，无论他们的具体需求如何。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">方法</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">：公共交通费用基于平均票价。根据出行者的共享出行费用计算乘车费。 根据附近停车场到雇主所在地的每日工作日费率范围（www.spothero.com），当地价格的汽油价格（截至2018年12月中旬），通勤距离和全国车辆燃油效率平均水平估计私家车花销。根据早通勤时间往返巴士站的步行时间确定公共巴士行驶时间。乘坐共享车辆的出行时间为早通勤的出行时间。如果停车场不是紧邻着目的地并且假定有可用的停车位，私家车出行时间设定为比共享出行多出5分钟，这是从停车场到工作地点（行业标准）所需的额外步行时间。 </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00J26WIGVLEMhs8utEBXwiabk9gX7La3GDSHajvEWodTMFBMibVryVw5CQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.7525083612040134" data-w="598"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00e5SxTlbeZ8WfFO96orogzM0p8nVSc9BUwAibibE0MzUnUy6CNGRJXX8w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.7508417508417509" data-w="594"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00TSf0qYwgBRxseLrl06jcyeQCYqmLnjkKrRS9fI7EP2vrT6UqWI4W8Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.7277310924369748" data-w="595"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图九、在公共</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">交通服务覆盖率高的城市工作，其典型通勤</em></strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(247, 183, 166);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: white 1px 1px, white 1px -1px, white -1px 1px, white -1px -1px, white 0px 1px, white 0px -1px, white 1px 0px, white -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">06 适应并获得奖励</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 55px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/njnc0Rz8edicaPMWK3C0EBgSfoPvlYcRCSq2AZ5Qu7qARqiccz6RvrK4AqDGD4m68518l7VicicNlN0QXELq1ia8JuQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.42443729903536975" data-w="311"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="flex: 1 1 auto;height: 2px;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(213, 182, 123) 0%, rgba(213, 182, 123, 0) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="flex: 0 0 auto;height: 10px;width: 10px;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(213, 182, 123);transform: matrix(0.707, 0.707, -0.707, 0.707, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 169, 36);box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着技术和出行选择多元化的快速发展，我们有机会在数字时代让公交车更接近消费者的活动。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公交部门可以从拥抱非传统数据开始进一步提升对优质服务的洞察力，并与数据供应商、技术集成商和私人交通服务建立伙伴关系从而更好地利用现有的基础设施，开发需求响应解决方案进一步补充公交车辆并将其嵌入基于技术的数字时代交通生态系统。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有了正确的实现途经，这些技术投资就成为了经济的推动者。一个更具竞争力和包容性的出行系统将满足和支持更广泛的消费者群体并保持公交部门的相关性。随着出行中断的加剧和其他替代交通方式的成本下降，公共交通（特别是公共汽车）将面临越来越大的压力。现如今进行正确的投资对保持自身竞争力至关重要，也可以使地方经济更有活力，公共财政更健康，乘客更快乐。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00iaic5tiaMxYQgm6y0XviaX7aH94M5O3Tlxn3d9Mludnubiarn9kS2dyuOzQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="1.1389728096676737" data-w="993"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十、</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">非传统数据源示例</em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为了实现这一目标，公交部门可以利用三种手段。</p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">手段1：利用非传统数据源</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">利用由用户生成的非传统数据源可以让交通规划师更好地去了解如何满足乘客需求。使用非传统数据源的主要好处之一是加快了规划进程。规划部门在过去可能需要数年时间来收集足够的数据来实现他们的总体规划方法论。通过非传统数据源可以获取更好的、更可靠、更及时的数据，进而可以更准确地预测通勤人群的每日活动和相关出行选择。一些新的交通规划模型可以利用这些数据从而开发预测工具来处理出行需求、交通拥堵、模式转移以及诸如自动驾驶汽车、电动汽车和“出行即服务”的新兴服务等需求。有了正确的数据和正确的数据分析能力之后，就可以围绕服务的数量和频率、资产配置、实时定价以及与总体优先级、策略和计划一致的土地使用决策等事项做出更好的规划决策。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过手机，GPS追踪器和导航设备收集的实时数据以及由拼车服务公司收集的数据为当地政府提供了大量丰富的信息，进而可以帮助当地政府做出更好的交通决策并提高居民出行体验的质量。这将要求公共部门和私营公司采取利他主义的方式来共享数据，因为这可以为所有人带来更好的解决方案和新的机会。通过使用非传统的数据源(例如，基于位置的移动和模态活动数据，关于人口统计和可定制行为的消费者数据，以及基准数据)，政府和公共交通部门可以从供给驱动型、低客流和固定路线型的公共交通服务转变为消费者需要并且将会使用的需求驱动和响应型服务。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00zWHgFmmbv1pr17Rqu70DttHxVqbtVwCbiao31SJgt1dJvArKibwkmceA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.4305555555555556" data-w="1080"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十一、来自《出行加速器》Marcela Valente、City Metric Staff</em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">举个例子：</p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00IjV4lg4JnRI968ia6CRcNBdcqp5tcGFwxKCppDicTelaicibSqDIHe3SKg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.4848780487804878" data-w="1025"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">手段2：建立伙伴关系</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公交部门将需要同伙伴机构共同努力将公共交通服务带入数字时代，并以包容的方式更好地服务于当今的消费者。这包括了与非传统数据供应商以及微型公交或其他私营运输供应商的合作。新的公私伙伴关系关系到公共部门和私营部门之间的数据与技术的获取权限和价值。政府官员应该认识到他们通过自身控制的公共手段可以为私营合作伙伴带来的价值，包括大规模的服务交付和更大的收入机会。作为交换，公交部门可以从更多的非传统数据中受益，使它们能够洞察消费者活动，提高运营效率并通过更有效的补贴或更明智的资本配置创造出更具有针对性的服务。</p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -10px;transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(20px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/DJp8G9bq89AAAckIwEmsDGPAhkdULFUD3bY5RHM72kmIQYOoc91Ab58Z11G6YXHGWTyBDjgA7MgjgZpGBRicZnA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif" class="" data-ratio="0.7870967741935484" data-w="155"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px 5px;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(41, 50, 57);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">手段3：开发需求响应型解决方案</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在需求驱动的交通模型中，更为灵活的实时响应用户请求的公交运营路线正在取代固定路线。美国几个城市已经在各自的一些社区中部署了需求响应解决方案，提高了交通公平性但是规模仍然很小。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公交需求响应解决方案仅占全国公共交通客流量的2%。从2008年到2014年，公交需求响应解决方案的客流量增长了20%以上。然而，就像整体的公共交通一样，客流量已经下降了近10%。最关键的是政府官员要确定如何才能最好地设计这些解决方案，来补充现有的交通出行选择。发展公私伙伴关系可以帮助提高公交部门的服务水平和竞争力，并以具有成本效益的方式在各种规模的社区中应对交通公平挑战。</p><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">微型的共享公交可以替代单人驾驶车辆，在方便程度上可以与拥有私家车相媲美。</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00YDojfq3g0wjrCDwibyMOoD55WQgDW0Gic38tkMhUBSwdm69spaHKj5SQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.9074074074074074" data-w="1080"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十二、</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">圣地亚哥，休斯顿和丹佛的模拟结果</em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">**模拟结果假设到一个公交车站的平均最大步行距离约为400英尺。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">*资料来源:Donald Shoup，《停车与城市》(2018)</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(247, 183, 166);line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: white 1px 1px, white 1px -1px, white -1px 1px, white -1px -1px, white 0px 1px, white 0px -1px, white 1px 0px, white -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">07 总结</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 55px;height: 30px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/njnc0Rz8edicaPMWK3C0EBgSfoPvlYcRCSq2AZ5Qu7qARqiccz6RvrK4AqDGD4m68518l7VicicNlN0QXELq1ia8JuQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png" class="" data-ratio="0.42443729903536975" data-w="311"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: flex;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="flex: 1 1 auto;height: 2px;background-image: linear-gradient(270deg, rgb(213, 182, 123) 0%, rgba(213, 182, 123, 0) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="flex: 0 0 auto;height: 10px;width: 10px;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(213, 182, 123);transform: matrix(0.707, 0.707, -0.707, 0.707, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们没有时间再耽搁了。跨国公司已经在竞相发展自己的交通运输网络了。Waze和Google Maps等私营科技公司以及优步(Uber)和Lyft等拼车公司也已开始收集货物和服务的移动数据，以帮助个人优化他们的出行。公共交通部门需要迎头赶上，关于消费者活动的非传统数据的使用提供了一个开发为消费者提供以需求为导向的、高效的、更好的运输体验所需敏捷洞察力的机会。事实上，各机构必须从交通运输供应商转向出行整合商，以满足消费者日益增长和不断变化的需求。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通运行部门有很大的机会去利用非传统的数据来了解他们的客户去哪里，他们看重什么，他们喜欢什么，并与按需供应商合作来拓展他们的交通网络。这将为乘客提供机会创建一个集成的平台，允许他们基于成本、便利、时间、个人偏好和其他他们看重的因素来规划自己的行程。</p><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00kHIf1u9icpAC9gWagpzQtX25qXZSkicHxe4Y7T5YBzRvia69dwqFNF5icQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="0.7362637362637363" data-w="728"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(18, 35, 49);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十三、来自《出行加速器》Marcela Valente、City Metric Staff</em></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们要理解并接受数据在在数字时代和需求主导环境下推动公共交通部门在提升公共交通服务方面发挥的激励作用。数据本身不是解决方案，但它确实提供了必要的洞察力，以驱动消费者行为，并成功地集成出行机会、评估新的应用和服务，并最终优化出行服务。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">消费者逐渐远离公共交通是一个明确的信号，表明我们是时候要适应并寻找改善公共交通系统的方法了。</p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(239, 70, 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32);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(239, 70, 70);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);opacity: 0.79;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 42px;color: rgba(230, 236, 239, 0.7);letter-spacing: 7px;line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(252, 247, 247);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小</strong></span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic5BRQ9B4CALstd003Znq00huF0GVZQkDTxCCvibWe0Kq1mRnN9nOLicBvXiaDLXbXbLiayxy08Qk6Y4g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg" class="" data-ratio="2.066666666666667" data-w="195"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: 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10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-radius: 6px;line-height: 1.6em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-radius: 6px 0px 0px 6px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(128, 178, 188);width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">01</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 3px;line-height: 1.6;font-size: 14px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">毕马威《出行加速器》</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section 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