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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgDHGCI5S9ovJcIc4EJU6ssxBjgdgia6ztYw17ticMicEVJHqokeqlSMEgw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 70%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(153, 166, 171);line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎点击以上蓝色字体</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关注</p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgDHGCI5S9ovJcIc4EJU6ssxBjgdgia6ztYw17ticMicEVJHqokeqlSMEgw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: left;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: right;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;margin: -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotateZ(348deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(348deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(348deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(348deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;margin: -80px 0% 0px;font-size: 13px;transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5em;height: 5em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;text-align: center;border-radius: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table;width: 100%;height: 5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;line-height: 1.3;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 17px;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">导语<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 作者上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司城市景观风貌规划设计所副所长涂晓磊在《规划师》2019年第13期撰文，<span style="text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">韧性城市作为近年来兴起的研究热点，引起了城市规划界的广泛关注，尤其是为应对城市公共安全领域出现的问</span><span style="text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">题提供了新的思路和方法。文章在解析韧性相关概念及其与城市设计关系的基础上，通过梳理总结当前城市设计存在的问题</span><span style="text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">及小型海岛城市设计的特征，提出韧性视角下的城市设计应对策略，并以舟山市小干岛为例，从韧性构建的角度探讨小型海</span><span style="text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">岛区域的城市设计思路，以期为其他生态敏感区的城市设计实践提供借鉴。</span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: left;border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 1px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);float: right;border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]韧性构建；城市设计；小型海岛；舟山市群岛新区</p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文章编号 ]1006-0022(2019)13-0049-05　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 中图分类号 ]TU984.183　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文献标识码 ]B </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 引文格式 ] 涂晓磊．韧性视角下小型海岛城市设计应对策略[J]．规划师，2019(13)：49-53．</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/FL2ey3GY3Z7V2BE7DmcBNQ7LWVCbKwwib7NDWmWhhlxPwZcHnskzClGCrMmiaHyiabKd6ttZRProvSKHQNQicLIUpw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">相关概念解析</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）韧性概念解析</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1973年加拿大生态学家霍利首次将“韧性”概念<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">引入到对生态系统的描述中，将其定义为“生态系统</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">受到扰动后恢复到稳定状态的能力”。由此开始，“韧</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性”概念被广泛应用于对系统认知的构建和描述中，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其应用范围也逐步向生态学、城市规划学等领域扩展。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">而城市作为由强人工干预形成的复杂社会—生态系统，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">相较于纯粹的自然生态系统具有更强的脆弱性和不确</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">定性，因而关于城市韧性属性的描述自21世纪开始就</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">被广泛应用于城市建设管理和公共安全领域。伴随着</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“韧性”概念本身的不断演绎，城市韧性的内涵发展</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">先后经历了追求单一稳态的“工程韧性”，塑造多稳</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">态、强调缓冲能力的“生态韧性”，最终抛弃对平衡</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">状态的追求、形成以系统适应性理论为基础的动态“演</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">进韧性”的历程。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）韧性构建与城市设计的关系</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市设计作为一个综合性、多领域、跨学科的研<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">究与实践课题，涵盖了城市规划、建筑、景观、市政</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">工程和土木工程等多个门类，是城市空</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">间规划的重要组成部分。在实践中，传</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">统城市设计主要关注对城市各空间要素</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的组织和对三维空间的塑造，其本身是</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以人为核心的城市营建手段，但目前已</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">逐渐不能应对现代城市发展的诸多不确</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">定性。韧性理念指导下的城市设计则强</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">调引入系统论机制，通过空间要素的系</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">统配置应对城市不确定扰动因子的适应</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性及转化性，将韧性思维与城市规划的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">实践活动紧密联系起来，通过对生态基</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">底、建成环境、开发模式、特色空间和</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">基础保障设施等系统的韧性构建，有效</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">增强城市空间的韧性属性，有益于城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的长远发展。</span></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/FL2ey3GY3Z7V2BE7DmcBNQ7LWVCbKwwib7NDWmWhhlxPwZcHnskzClGCrMmiaHyiabKd6ttZRProvSKHQNQicLIUpw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">韧性视角下小型海岛城市设计</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">存在的问题</strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）当前我国城市设计存在的问题</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市设计自引入我国已经经历了三十<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多年的发展历程，在城市规划和建设上发</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">挥了重要的作用，但由于急速的城市发</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">展要求，当前的城市设计编制普遍存在</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">急于求成的状况，由此引发了一系列问</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">题。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1)城市设计的初衷和本质偏离。当<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">前的城市设计偏重于物质性规划，而较</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">少关注城市发展的社会性，具体表现为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对效率和经济效益的过分追求，对标新</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">立异的过度卖弄；缺乏对人的关注、对</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">良好空间环境的追求。在长期的发展历</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">程中，城市更新、城市双修、海绵城市、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">生态城市和智慧城市等新理念、新名词</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不断涌现，但在具体城市设计实践中往</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">往局限于宏观论述，缺乏落地性实践。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2)城市设计的规划技术路线僵化，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">形成了“目标定位—功能构成—用地布</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">局—三维形态—支撑系统”这种近乎机械</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的、物质性的工程技术路径。同时，法</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">律地位不明确导致城市设计规划管理机</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">制缺失，城市设计往往沦为对城市未来</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的美好展望，缺乏完善的管理机制来链</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">接城市设计与建设实践。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">韧性视角下小型海岛城市设计</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的特征</span></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在我国，在国家关于海洋战略的各<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">级规划中对海岛的发展进行了定位，且</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通常有一个自上而下的清晰脉络。小型</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">海岛城市设计往往强调对功能主题的宏</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大描述，而忽略对人和环境的关注，呈</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">现出过度定位的倾向，进而引发一系列</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不同于一般地段城市设计的特殊问题。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">例如，在小型海岛城市设计中对海岛生</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">态系统的脆弱性认识不足，忽视对海岛</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">生态基底的整体构建，将构成生态基底</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的环境要素剥离成个体，形成相对独立</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的绿地、水系等系统规划，自然环境要</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">素与城市建成环境之间缺少系统性整合；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市功能布局和开发建设服务于整个海</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">岛的物质空间形态，规划师通过艺术创</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作预设空间模式和组织开发单元，缺乏对</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建设空间的弹性导控，为后续建设实施带</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来了诸多限制；对海岸线空间的功能定位</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">服务于防洪、港口等重大基础设施，城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设计中强调堤岸的工程性，回避海岸线的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多元使用，其形态与功能相对单一；市政</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">基础设施缺少与水、绿地、地下空间、道</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">路等系统的协同联动，各系统自成体系。</span></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/FL2ey3GY3Z7V2BE7DmcBNQ7LWVCbKwwib7NDWmWhhlxPwZcHnskzClGCrMmiaHyiabKd6ttZRProvSKHQNQicLIUpw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">基于韧性视角的小型海岛城市</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设计应对策略</strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）韧性视角下的城市设计定位重塑</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">针对城市设计中对功能主题的过度<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">定位问题，小干岛城市设计弱化了物质</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性部分的作用，强调社会性部分的影响，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在合理安排各片区功能的前提下，将改</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">善城市景观及环境，引导城市的空间发</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">展，丰富城市生活的内涵，建立和谐发</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">展的人居、生产环境作为城市设计的核</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">心内容，力求塑造一个创新型、自适应、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">高韧性、与环境高度匹配的未来之岛。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）韧性构建的组织框架</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在规划编制和建设管控上，本文从<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市设计全过程的角度提出几个方面的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">应对手段，为韧性构建的实践活动提供</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">组织、技术和平台上的支持。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1)跨专业的统筹协同设计。韧性理<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">念下的城市设计往往从系统构建的角度</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">出发，无论是空间格局、用地结构的总</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体布局，还是基础设施、特色空间的精</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">细设计，都涉及多专业的统筹协调，这</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">就要求城市设计团队需要具备涵盖规划、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">景观、建筑、生态、市政和经济等多领</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">域的专家，在具体的规划设计过程中形</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">成良好的跨专业统筹协同设计。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2)多元参与的决策机制。韧性理念<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">表明，城市的韧性属性不仅表现为物质</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">实体的韧性，还表现在其具有社会关系</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的韧性特征。因此，只有广泛的、多元</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的利益相关主体参与，才能获得最优化</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的决策，尤其在海岸线等涉及多方博弈</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的重要区域，更加需要一个多方参与、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">协商沟通的决策机制。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3)全过程的动态修正。韧性城市的<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">构建不是一蹴而就的主观设想，在城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设计的不同阶段，城市地段的相关利益</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主体是动态变化的，这就需要一个弹性</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">管控的手段，消解城市建设过程中由诸</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多不确定性所造成的影响。对此，城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设计通过构建一个“总结—反馈—修正”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的动态递进机制，形成城市设计全过程</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的动态修正机制。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(4)大数据的信息技术平台。现代信<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">息技术的发展日新月异，大数据分析被</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">越来越广泛地应用到城市规划领域。一</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">方面，通过大数据综合定量分析，可以为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间结构、交通组织等的动态优化提供强</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有力的支持；另一方面，信息技术平台也</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">能够有效链接管理者、规划团队和社区居</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">民等，为公众参与提供一个新的途径。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）小型海岛城市设计韧性重构策略</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在具体的城市设计实践中，应从景<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">观生态、空间组织、海岸线空间、基础</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设施和智慧平台5个方面入手，通过一</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">系列的实践手段探索小型海岛城市设计</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">韧性重构策略。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 定格局——生态格局构建。有别<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">于一般城市设计从功能入手的规划路径，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">针对小型海岛的独特生态特征，设计整</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">合水、绿地等生态相关系统的内容，引</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">入景观生态学的相关理念，通过对景观</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">生态要素的空间配置，构建韧性安全的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">海岛生态基底格局体系。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 理秩序——空间结构组织。设计<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">强调混合多元和弹性活力，通过模数化</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">开发单元的控制，应对城市发展中的诸</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多不确定性，为未来的发展预留弹性，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如在具体设计中只对开发单元边界、主</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">导功能、用地比例及总体规模做出限定，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不做具体用地安排；同时，以“零碳排”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的绿色交通体系有效地链接各开发单元。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过在城市和街区尺度上梳理土地利用</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与交通组织的空间结构形式，提升城市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建成环境的韧性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 塑岸线——海岸空间共享。海岸<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">线是海岛城市的特殊要素，承担生态与</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会的双重属性，设计基于海岸线空间</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的绿色共享，以立体开发和景观整合为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">手段实现堤防设施的多用途叠合，提升</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">海岸线的韧性属性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(4) 织脉络——基础设施网络。基础<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设施建设是城市系统发展和运行的基础</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与前提，设计将韧性构建运用于城市基</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">础设施的规划和建设中，运用系统性思</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">维，将关注点从刚性的市政工程中解放</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">出来，强调景观、建筑、生态等多方面</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的整合共享，通过网络化、多元化的基</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">础设施强化韧性安全的城市防御机制，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有效提升城市防洪、防涝、防灾等安全</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">系统的运行效率。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(5) 筑平台——信息智慧平台。在互<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">联网信息时代背景下，设计建立以大数</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">据等信息技术手段为支撑的“智慧岛”，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整合在城市发展过程中的规划修正、公众</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">参与和弹性管控等内容，通过信息智慧</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">平台实现城市规划各利益相关方的链接。</span></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/FL2ey3GY3Z7V2BE7DmcBNQ7LWVCbKwwib7NDWmWhhlxPwZcHnskzClGCrMmiaHyiabKd6ttZRProvSKHQNQicLIUpw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">韧性视角下的小干岛城市设计</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">实践</strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）小干岛概况</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我国海岛众多，有6961个岛屿的面<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">积大于500m2，其中陆域面积小于5km2</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的岛屿占总岛屿数的 98%，但其中绝大</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">部分都是无人常住岛，开发条件较差。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划区所在的小干岛作为面积和环境都</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">适宜开发的岛屿，其建设机会弥足珍贵。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">小干岛四面环海，陆域面积为4.7km2，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">全岛呈东西向展开，南北两侧各有长达</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">8.3km的滨海界面，滨海观景面广阔。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">岛上山水自然环境较为优良，现状以农</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">林用地和围海造地形成的水体为主，有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大小自然山体4处，西侧紧邻天然的滩</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">涂湿地。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">总体而言，小干岛生态环境资源较<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">好，可开发利用度较高，为舟山千岛中</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">央商务区的建设奠定了良好的基础。但</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与此同时，因岛屿气候条件导致的水资</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">源紧缺、大风等自然灾害又使其生态环</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">境具有一定的脆弱性，有较强的生态安</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">全诉求，岛内部分区域是通过填海造陆</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">形成的，存在地面沉降的隐患。相较于</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大型海岛，小干岛具有生态脆弱性、相对</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">独立性、资源贫乏性和海岸稀缺性等特征。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）小干岛存在的问题</p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">小干岛现状建设用地面积约为总用<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地面积的 19%，以工业、公共设施和村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">庄用地为主。岛内尚未形成完善的道路</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体系，公用设施也无法满足发展需求。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">现状建设项目主要为桥梁和围堤建设。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其中，围堤包括原有老围堤和新建围堤，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着岛屿的建设，原有老围堤已不能满</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">足规划要求，急需提高防洪潮标准；新</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建围堤的促淤堤已基本建成，其防洪标</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">准为百年一遇，未来将主要确保规划区</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的防洪潮安全。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">长期以来，小干岛处于较为无序和<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">缺乏引导的发展阶段，城乡建设、海洋</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和海岸工程等人类开发活动带来了一系</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">列的生态与发展问题，包括海洋生境被</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">破坏、城市与海割裂、海岸线缺乏变化</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">及私有化、建筑空间无序、人行空间不足、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市品牌模糊、房地产主导空间开发模</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">式等，其作为自然生态岛屿的固有稳定</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性已遭到严重破坏。</span></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）小干岛城市设计内容</p></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>小型海岛生态基底的重构<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">首先，构建“绿海浮岛”的韧性生<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">态框架。设计运用景观生态学原理，分</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">析海岛环境中各自然要素的生态敏感性，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">将生态敏感性较高的湿地滩涂、自然水</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">系、山体和滨海岸线等划为生态修复区</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">域，作为整个岛屿生态系统的脉络基底。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">依据保留的自然要素脉络，结合城市开</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发边界的划定，在岛内腹地引入绿色主</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">廊道系统，避免连片开发，塑造城市生</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">态基底。同时，梳理岛内道路、桥梁及</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其与本岛的对景关系，在开发组团内划</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分下一层次的空间廊道，建立自然要素</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与城市空间的紧密联系。重构后的生态</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">网络包含4条生态廊道、185hm2的生</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">态绿地、15km的绿道、20座特色公园、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">35% 的全岛绿地占比，共同构成一个</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">密切联系人与自然的生态海绵基底——</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“绿海”，基于场地标高的设计，各个</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市开发组团“漂浮”于基底之上，成</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为“绿海”上的“浮岛”。“绿海浮岛”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">模型的构建，是对海绵城市理念在韧性</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">构建下的系统演绎，将支撑海绵城市的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">物质要素进行系统化的组织，建构更加</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">韧性安全的生态格局。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其次，通过上述组织框架的路径指<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">引，实现以下目标：①提高水面率，提</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">高水系统承载力。小干岛目前仅有3条</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">小型河渠，水资源相对紧缺，水系统不</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">成体系，需适当将水面率提升到 8% ～</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">12%，以便提高水系承载力，应对暴雨、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">洪涝的冲击。②保证本地植物比例，合</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">理改良土壤。由于特殊的海岛环境，在</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">选取绿化树种时尽量多使用适应海岛气</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">候及土壤的本地植物，最大程度保证绿</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化树种的存活率、降低养护难度。同时，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">需要通过土壤改良技术改善岛内土壤成</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分，引入更多更丰富的景观植被，改善</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">绿化体系。③有效利用滩涂资源，提升</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">岛域生态品质。滩涂保护对于维护海岛</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">生态体系的完整性和生态多样性具有重要</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">意义，因此在围垦开发的同时，必须保留</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一定比例的滩涂，发挥生态调节功能。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>交通共享的街区混合开发<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">小干岛城市设计基于对现代成功城<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市中心区路网密度的研究，结合狭长形</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">岛屿的实际情况确定基准街坊尺度，构</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建开发单元的三级模数：开发单元—建</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设组团—基准街坊(图1)。为应对将来开</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发项目、开发时序和开发规模的不确定</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性，设计仅对开发单元边界、主导功能、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用地比例及总体规模作出限定，不做具</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体用地安排。开发单元用地可适应不同</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">开发意图的功能布局需求，通过平面与</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">垂直混合的方式创造一个多功能的复合</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区域(图2)，其带来的社会活力能有效</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">缓冲城市发展的不确定性。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">小干岛最长的岸线不足10km，开发</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">单元内步行时间只需16分钟，适合以自</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">行车和步行为主的绿色交通，但考虑到未</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来进出岛交通量将大大增加，设计一方面</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">强化岛—城公共交通联系，提高公交服</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">务效率，打造便捷、高效、具有小干岛特</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">色的公共交通系统，尽量减少岛上小汽车</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">出行量；另一方面倡导全岛“公交+步行”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的生活模式，营造多层次、网络化、立</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体化的宜人慢行网络系统，鼓励骑行和</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">步行，为促进全岛“零碳排交通”奠定</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">基础，同时引入登岛换乘理念，通过外部</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">交通换乘岛内绿色智能共享交通的模式，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">应对未来的交通冲击，提升交通安全韧性。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.6216931" data-w="756" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgfO2TrXpicQEABN1MGqJ8KYgmEK9Y5vd5cNiaTWs5KSLCDoRmqsiatbzyA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.6419919" data-w="743" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgd0icsdQibO0kbBGFqsuWUo2LqGfD0Wpk6IsgCaiaV052J50RIGNeIG1Lw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>多功能海岸线的空间塑造<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为应对传统堤防工程对海岸线的割<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">裂，设计设置分级岸线以适应海水潮位</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">变化，沿岛外围形成防浪围堤，作为防</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">潮基准标高；围堤外设置可观景、可淹</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">没的生态绿洲，一定程度恢复海岸线的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自然特性；围堤内设计多层台地，逐渐</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">向岛内绿地水系跌落，以此分别在岸线</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">内外降低堤防工程在生态和视觉上的消极</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">影响；同时，充分利用堤防内的填方区域，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">布置道路、停车、商业及地下综合管廊，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过架空开发地块底层，将底层建筑及</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">部分道路空间延伸至地下，在围堤顶部</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">形成“空中”的地面层，服务性设施和</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建筑内嵌于堤岸与围堤中，将工程性堤</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">防设施转变为标志性的开放空间，为岛</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">内居民提供户外活动空间，加强城市与</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">水岸的联系(图3)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.2407407" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgDf9ZXmKHlRC9TGiawMxCRj4Y5z3fuKuh8Fga7MPU0YoAKt7Y8u1f7ZQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">4.<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">韧性安全的城市基础设施系统</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整合</span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1)雨洪韧性的绿色基础设施整合。<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在传统城市水管理模式中，雨水径流和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">未处理的污水直接排入河道，河道以最</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">快的排洪速度将污水排入海洋，其依托</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的主体是刚性的工程管线，很难支撑海</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">岛地域的水环境波动变化。而基于雨洪</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">韧性的市政设施整合不再局限于传统的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">排水管网，而是构建一整套面对海岛水</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体变化的应对措施，强调雨水的资源化</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">利用，在雨水收集、存储、利用的全生</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">命周期内融入城市环境和自然生态网络</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中，提升自我更新适应的能力。因此，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">小干岛城市设计构建基于低影响开发的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">岛内雨水管理措施(图4)，通过生态草沟、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社区暴雨塘和雨水花园等收集雨水，并</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">将其引入雨洪保留池、地下蓄水池储存，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用于岛内日常绿化灌溉、景观用水及自</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">然水体的补充，通过雨水自然下渗和地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">下蓄水池收储达成雨水零外排的目的。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.6260081" data-w="992" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgNsVANYpTdYppIiaHwmrRKicib5g8JRIdas7vOrKmHFNwooKzFkJ0KcWsg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">此外，舟山市降雨量季节性周期变<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化较大，且随时面临台风、暴雨的侵袭，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划于环岛海岸线设置数处人工控制水</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">闸，缺水季封闭环岛水闸，海岛内部形</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">成封闭、自循环的全淡水系统，供生产、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">生活和景观生态使用，实现场地内部良</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性循环及水系使用的自给自足；暴雨季</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">打开环岛水闸，快速排洪，配合内部弹性</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">水网自我调蓄，进行有效滞洪疏导。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2)多元共享的地下设施整合。地下<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设施的整合依托地下空间的综合开发利</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用，有机整合公益性的公共服务设施和</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">非公益性的商业设施，同时兼顾地下综</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">合管廊和应急防灾系统。岛内地下基础</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设施主要包括地下交通设施和市政设备</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用房等，结合地下道路、地下步行通道、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">换乘中心等合理组织车流和人流交通，保</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">证各功能组团之间的有机串联；同时，鼓</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">励设置商业、文化、娱乐等公共服务设施，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">强化纵向分层、横向连通，形成便捷的地</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">下、地上联络通道(图5)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.5490798" data-w="978" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgYhiboibLFyhxOmrX3mU8pcRc9AA6b9icWMgTzsxyPSPZiarXkc4kPuqFpw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">5.<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>大数据背景下的智慧互联<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px dashed rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">基于大数据的应用，小干岛城市设</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">计将打造“互联网+”引导下的智慧岛，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过信息技术手段，实现不同城市要素</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和人之间的互通，从物质和社会层面提</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">升城市韧性。在使用对象上，平台为政</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">府、规划师、居民(含游客)、商家4类</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主要人群提供服务，面向不同人群，平</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">台的侧重点各有不同。面向政府，平台</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">侧重综合统筹管理，如资讯发布、节事</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">活动组织、游客量统计分析、互联网政</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">务、安全事件预警及规划公示等；面向</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划师，平台侧重协同设计和动态修正，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如多专业协同、公众意见采集分析及规</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">划实施评估等；面向居民(含游客)，平</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">台为其提供岛内最新发布的资讯、交通</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">出行引导、旅游咨询及综合安防提醒等；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">面向商家，平台主要提供多类型“互联</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">网+”的旅游电子商务服务。在硬件实施</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">上，小干岛设立智慧信息管理中心、千</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">岛智能能源(电网)管理中心及千岛网格</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化社会管理中心“三大管理中心”，系</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">统支持小干岛岛域范围内的智慧交通、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">智慧医疗、智能建筑、智慧应急、智能</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">水网、智慧办公、智能灌溉、智能市政、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">数据库平台、智慧环境监测、WIFI接入</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">服务及电子政务12项智慧职能。</span></p></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/FL2ey3GY3Z7V2BE7DmcBNQ7LWVCbKwwib7NDWmWhhlxPwZcHnskzClGCrMmiaHyiabKd6ttZRProvSKHQNQicLIUpw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;padding: 0px 8px;font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五 结语</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 40px 0% 30px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(160, 160, 160) 0px 0px 4px;padding: 10px 15px;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 4px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: -30px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 30%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.575" data-w="200" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9qNqU2J9vNfyycaTlMXkjwAgpcCZkv6glicbpUGtmDSU7lMDWdglDKBiaibQtKb0iblgbcrSa3FiaqhxCzjiaQicZ6fqA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">韧性城市的相关理论和实践活动反映在城市建设与发展的各个方面，从政策制定到规划管理再到公众参与，是一个宽泛的研究课题。本文着眼于在城市设计的整个历程中，如何将韧性思维引入到具体的城市系统构建中，从生态基底、建成环境、特色空间、工程设施和数据平台等方面，增强城市作为一个复杂社会生态系统的韧性属性，从而应对其建设过程中的诸多不确定性，为未来发展预留生长空间。</p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: 10px 0% -15px;transform: translate3d(25px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(25px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(25px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(25px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 20%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.8423077" data-w="260" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9UkNlO4rVdIwmu9a6GsgOA6Cz66Klw0WTeSiahfBKjpFRgmdFBvys7yGOiahYrlicu45etibBia9GYiaTibUz6MvibHXVQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/FL2ey3GY3Z7V2BE7DmcBNQ7LWVCbKwwib7NDWmWhhlxPwZcHnskzClGCrMmiaHyiabKd6ttZRProvSKHQNQicLIUpw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(197, 226, 224);background-position: 233.929% 1.8202%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 107.589%;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/dwBhtxtwAE9U1Zu2pt0jN6uFBibDzicBtTbqKhicyz5z1F4WunzASFbLsIErGfQM2xcu9TRZ0oZHNBOPUQ502D8JA/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2019年13期《规划师》杂志</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgba(116, 170, 172, 0.91);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">审读：刘芳</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 5px;background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: white;padding: 10px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2019年13期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>韧性视角下小型海岛城市设计应对策略<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;">》</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 24px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> <section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;margin-left: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 100%;margin: -12px 0px;padding: 0px 20px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(227, 43, 107);box-sizing: border-box;">声明</span></strong></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社微信公众订阅号（ID：）为非盈利新媒体平台，所有转发的非原创图文来源于互联网及新媒体渠道，如果所转发图文作者或其他版权所有人认为违反了您的权益，请告知我们，我们会在24小时内删除。</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-top: 1em;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> <section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-top: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section> <section style="float: right;margin-top: -2px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-bottom: 1px;margin-left: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-left: 8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;margin-top: -8px;margin-right: 18px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 24px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/FL2ey3GY3Z7V2BE7DmcBNQ7LWVCbKwwib7NDWmWhhlxPwZcHnskzClGCrMmiaHyiabKd6ttZRProvSKHQNQicLIUpw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 8px 0% 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》近期文章推荐        </span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">（点击蓝字可查看原文链接）        </span></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛1】新时期国土空间规划的基础逻辑关系思辨<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛2】国土空间规划编制内容的“取”与“舍”——基于国家、部委对市县空间规划编制要求的分析<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛3】基于空间治理的国土空间规划强制性内容思考——从城市总体规划强制性内容实效谈起<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛4】“区域—要素”统筹视角下“多规合一”实践的思考与展望<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛5】国土空间规划体系中城市规划行政许可制度的转型</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/FL2ey3GY3Z7V2BE7DmcBNQ7LWVCbKwwib7NDWmWhhlxPwZcHnskzClGCrMmiaHyiabKd6ttZRProvSKHQNQicLIUpw/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-top: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-top: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-bottom-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;color: transparent;clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-radius: 6px;word-wrap: break-word;box-sizing: border-box;margin: -13px 3px;padding: 12px;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.605042" data-w="357" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLg1sgBHJsyic1nbHHFOk3p8DzX1YN7ZAQQricc375za7XFzQqeXX6q8SUA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.3037037" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgK07m2olnwVrPR1biaB71wd4sn8YnstR1ueQciaibriadS0YQkRdEbVcW2Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.4101852" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgVwiaY7GXgErNW9q89fnJrgUibmg8JXvybsLZO1potrZicGSOFTFvanf8Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 8px 0% 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(197, 36, 36);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社                                    </p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(117, 114, 114);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 2px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮编：530029</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">电话：0771-2438012</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">传真：0771-2436269</p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/sV0icSH5PdpyMVHJIRYj95zkNe5mty8CHMgmD39qVnlQBGUFicg4L09XibAvrfPyIxyjGiacQ2x7iahH6EUzMHLicptA/640?wx_fmt=gif");background-position: 1.2602% 100.746%;background-repeat: repeat-x;background-size: 76.798%;background-attachment: scroll;padding: 10px 10px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 61.8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">精</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">彩</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(67, 103, 117);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">请猛戳右边二维码</strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 38.2%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公众号ID</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1" data-w="430" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mhQWzA6icNibiaB3c1sOz3mrLgznZur4d9T1FwuEhxib18hVGfwqa93Vq7PIKWesxichPcBtkAADlvr1Rg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="height: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: left;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 100%;width: 24px;float: right;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-right: 6px solid rgb(58, 140, 226);border-top-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);border-left-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section>
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