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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="margin: 70px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(45, 69, 152);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 10px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 11px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: right;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">点击蓝字<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 33.33%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 20px;margin: -40px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 3em;height: 3em;margin: auto;border-radius: 100%;border-width: 4px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(45, 69, 152);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9TCBesqTy1EEj9TXphVjVJJnuPlyibwur2VEiaNVjMUBk9QTQgKorRDI3A/640?wx_fmt=png");"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9TCBesqTy1EEj9TXphVjVJJnuPlyibwur2VEiaNVjMUBk9QTQgKorRDI3A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 33.33%;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">关注我们</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 8px 0% 6px;text-align: center;font-size: 19px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);margin: 0px 0px -5px -4px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(33, 71, 215);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">本期主题：乡村振兴规划管理与实践 </strong></p></section><section style="margin: -5px -4px 0px auto;width: 9px;height: 9px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 5em;transform: rotate(-25deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-25deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-25deg);-o-transform: rotate(-25deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);width: 5em;margin: 2.45em 0px -0.5em 3.3em;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: block;float: left;padding: 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);line-height: 1;margin-right: 5px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: line-through;box-sizing: border-box;">【编者按】</span></p></section></section><section style="display: block;padding-top: 5px;border-width: 0px;min-height: 4.5em !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5);padding: 0px 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">党的十九大提出“实施乡村振兴战略”，要求实现产业、人才、文化、生态和组织的全面振兴。乡村振兴既是解决“三农”问题的有力抓手，又是实现城乡融合发展的重要途径。由于乡村具有面广、差异大的特征，亟需针对不同地域乡村、不同维度目标分类提出不同的乡村振兴应对策略，探索从乡村空间环境到乡村组织治理多层面、全方位的振兴路径。基于此，本期“规划师论坛”栏目以“乡村振兴规划管理与实践”为主题，特邀一组文章，探讨乡村振兴理论、策略、机制及路径等，着重介绍苏南、广州、湖州与石家庄等地的实践经验，以期为我国乡村振兴规划建设提供有益参考。</p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin: 3px 0px 0px;border-top: 4px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/GLEDH8r6puRHyP4iccjNagZGKEpvHcfDV7sgzMMx7NFybjZrxKxxKRZCH1csic5JiaEOvnhHow1VJVeZMdNebhGqg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 5px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: white;padding: 10px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">【规划师论坛3】</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">广州乡村治理的变迁、异化与新趋势 </strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;color: rgb(56, 30, 5);padding: 0px 2px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院规划设计二所副所长李晓军，广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院规划设计二所主任规划师王<span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">锋</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">在《规划师》2019年第11期撰文，</span><span style="text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在乡村振兴战略实施的背景下，一系列的乡村建设难题都会归结到乡村治理，因此探讨乡村治理变化中的内在逻</span><span style="text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">辑和趋势尤为必要。回顾广州市乡村治理的历史，可以发现乡村治理的变迁经历了传统乡村阶段、政权挤压阶段、改革开放</span><span style="text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">后阶段，在后农业税时代背景下，乡村表现出权力格局重构、治理主体多元及生产规则重建等异化特征，出现了组织型、精</span><span style="text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">英型和项目型３种类型的乡村治理模式。为了更好地实现乡村治理现代化，需要以平衡的方式将国家权力嵌入乡村以稳定基</span><span style="text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本盘，对主体和资源进行重组升级以提升治理的运行逻辑，而项目资源的倾斜则是推进当前乡村治理升级的主要动力。</span></p></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;height: 5px;background: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, rgb(32, 84, 156), rgba(255, 247, 234, 0)) white;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="color: rgb(77, 71, 14);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(36, 70, 162);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]乡村治理；权力格局；乡村精英；项目制治理 </span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文章编号 ]1006-0022(2019)11-0018-06　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 中图分类号 ]TU982.29　</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文献标识码 ]A </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[ 引文格式 ] 李晓军，王锋．广州乡村治理的变迁、异化与新趋势[J]．规划师，2019(11)：18-23．</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/GLEDH8r6puRHyP4iccjNagZGKEpvHcfDV7sgzMMx7NFybjZrxKxxKRZCH1csic5JiaEOvnhHow1VJVeZMdNebhGqg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-radius: 0.5em 0.5em 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-bottom: -12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-left: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;height: 0.8em;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;background: rgb(17, 19, 22);margin-left: -2px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-right: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;height: 0.8em;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;background: rgb(17, 19, 22);margin-left: -2px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-top: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-bottom: 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);background-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);margin: -8px 5px 0px -5px;padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 乡村治理的变迁机制</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="border-radius: 0px 0px 0.5em 0.5em;border-right: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-left: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-top: none rgb(103, 18, 40);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（一）传统乡村阶段：乡绅主导的乡村自治</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中华民国建立之前，中国乡村长期处于皇权体制<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">下的传统农业时代，这一阶段的乡村治理呈现“国权</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不下县，县下惟宗族，宗族皆自治，自治靠伦理，伦</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">理造乡绅”的特征</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 。由于乡村存在固化的宗族及家</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">族权力，政权对乡村内部的干预较少，通过邻保制、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡里制及保甲制等制度，进行治安管理及税金收取，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村中的乡绅凭借学识、财力、宗族声望被选作保长、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">甲长，掌握乡村中最高的话语权和权威性，成为乡村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">治理的主体。在国家与社会的互构关系</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">场域中，乡绅被视为国家政权和乡村社</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">会的“缓冲区”与“第三领域”，起着</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">上传下达政令、稳定乡村社会的作用</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">传统乡村的治理格局呈现“国家皇权—</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村社会”二元平衡的状态，乡绅作为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国家政权的延伸和乡村村民的代言人从</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中调和。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（二）</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政权挤压阶段：乡村自治的逐步</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">瓦解</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">清朝末期至改革开放前期，国家政<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权不断向乡村下沉，乡村内部的自治体</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">系趋向瓦解。民国期间，国家治权逐步</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">向村落共同体延伸，政府试图通过对乡</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村社会的控制来达到攫取更多财富和资</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">源的目的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">，国家通过任命土豪劣绅为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">保长的方式强制下沉，大量征收赋税和</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">劳役，致使民国时期产生土豪劣绅主导</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的“赢利型经纪”，导致社会混乱不堪。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中华人民共和国成立后，通过“政权下乡”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和“政党下乡”等途径，国家逐步实现</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">了对乡村社会的强制性行政整合，直至</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“政社合一”的人民公社体制确立后，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国家对乡村社会的一体化整合达到了极</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">致</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。乡村治理的主体由内生的本地精</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">英转变为国家政权嵌入的乡村代理——人</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">民公社。在公社、生产大队及生产队的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">严格管制下，乡村个体直接受到国家政</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权的集中支配，乡村内部的自我治理趋</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">向瓦解。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（三）</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改革开放后阶段：政府主导的</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡政村治</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">十一届三中全会之后，为了配合家<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">庭联产承包责任制，国家将原来人民公</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社时代的“政社合一”体制进行政社分离，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">转而推进“乡政村治”的治理格局，通</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">过设立乡镇人民政府来实现国家对乡村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的社会管理，将生产大队改造为村民委</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">员会，作为乡村自治的主体。虽然国家</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对乡村治理体系建立的初衷是实现乡村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">内部的民主自治，但是由于乡镇政府掌</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">握更多的政策资源及村民缺乏自治的主</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">动性，导致乡镇政府凭借行政力量强势</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">介入乡村治理。因此，改革开放后我国</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">虽然已形成“国家政府—乡村自治”的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">二元权力体系，乡村内部形成以村民委</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">员会为主的组织，但政府控制仍处于支</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">配地位，乡村治理表现为政府主导的“半</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自治”(表1)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3346774" data-w="992" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9THOCwpibPrB5VQSzLXb7Sxh9a3lZliaSXNGncIosbpgmibY5eMfndF9PJQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/GLEDH8r6puRHyP4iccjNagZGKEpvHcfDV7sgzMMx7NFybjZrxKxxKRZCH1csic5JiaEOvnhHow1VJVeZMdNebhGqg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-radius: 0.5em 0.5em 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-bottom: -12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-left: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;height: 0.8em;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;background: rgb(17, 19, 22);margin-left: -2px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-right: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;height: 0.8em;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;background: rgb(17, 19, 22);margin-left: -2px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-top: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-bottom: 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);background-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);margin: -8px 5px 0px -5px;padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">后农业税时代治理异化特征</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="border-radius: 0px 0px 0.5em 0.5em;border-right: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-left: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-top: none rgb(103, 18, 40);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（一）权力格局重构</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;margin-left: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="height: 15px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-left: 10px;margin-top: -5px;padding-left: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.税费改革导致的基层政治权力被动弱化</p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村组织的权威来源于3个方面：一<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">是制度授权，二是村民认可，三是传统</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">赋予，而近年来正式制度削弱了村组织</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的治理能力</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。我国于2006年取消农业</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">税，村委会由上级政府拨款发放工资和</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">治理资金，村委会的“政治性”逐渐大</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">于“民主性”，这也决定了村委会更多</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">扮演传达和落实上级政府意图的角色。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">由于税费改革和乡村体制改革在一定程</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">度上减少了村级财政收入，削弱了农村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">基层组织的统筹能力</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">，机构简化后的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡镇政府和村委会组织的人数大量缩减，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">受到财政和人力的局限，难以支付村庄</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划和村庄管理的成本，基层政权及其</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">延伸组织在乡村治理中日渐表现出能力</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的弱化倾向</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;margin-left: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="height: 15px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-left: 10px;margin-top: -5px;padding-left: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.基于宗族及企业的社会权力主动崛起</p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着村民参与治理意识的加强，农</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">民作为新农村建设主体可以在其中表达</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自己的利益需求和参与决策监督，而且</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">各类非营利组织也获得了成为社区治理</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主体的资格，乡镇政府与村委会、村委</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">会与农民及乡镇政府与村民三者之间的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">时期</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">两两关系由垂直命令转变为双向反馈</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">广州市乡村中的社会治理权力更加具有</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">当地特色，政府的权力明显受到宗族、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社区企业等非正式组织的分化。一方面，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">广府地区独特的地理区位使得传统家族</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">宗族制在本地得到了较好的保留，如广</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">州市历来注重修建祠堂，延续宗族精神；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">另一方面，大部分普通村民的家庭收入</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来自于他们作为股东从社区企业中获得</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的分红，由宗族精神和社区企业二者共</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">同促成了村民对高度内向利益的追逐，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">再加上村民原本就有对村内公共大事进</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">行公开讨论的“集议”和对公有财产经</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">营权进行公开投标的“开投”惯例，村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">民参与民主选举、民主决策、民主管理</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和民主监督的意愿得到强化。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（二）治理主体多元</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;margin-left: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="height: 15px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-left: 10px;margin-top: -5px;padding-left: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.政府</p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以较高等级的政府为主体，各级政<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">府层层推进，能够快速实现村庄规划的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">编制和实施，一般是因为某种事件的推</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">动或政治示范等目的而形成。例如，从</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化区莲麻村曾作为广州市委书记挂点村，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">由书记主导，区委区政府组织编制村庄</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建设规划，各方参与项目实施。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;margin-left: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="height: 15px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-left: 10px;margin-top: -5px;padding-left: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.村民及村集体</p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以广大村民为主体，采用广泛、多样</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化的公众参与方法推动村民村集体参与到</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村庄整治中。在此基础上，村集体中产生</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">了村民理事会等新型组织，2014年广州</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市花都区首个村民理事会在梯面联丰村揭</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">牌成立，以协助村“两委”进行村庄治理。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;margin-left: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="height: 15px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-left: 10px;margin-top: -5px;padding-left: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.村委</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以村委为主体，组织各方参与，包<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">括乡贤、村委、党员等，通过开会、谈</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">话等形式逐渐引导村民对村庄规划树立</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">正确的认知。在广州市“三旧”改造的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">进程中，村委会作为村集体土地的代理</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">者</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">，需要协调政府、开发商和村民等</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多方利益主体，起到了至关重要的作用。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;margin-left: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="height: 15px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-left: 10px;margin-top: -5px;padding-left: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">4.乡村精英</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">后农业税时代乡村社会的精英政治</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经历了从一元政治精英向多元精英治理</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的转变，非体制精英的崛起成为村庄权</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">力场域中显著的特点</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。体制内精英是</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以村长、书记和能人等为主的新乡贤，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">利用自身较强的威望和权力，推动村庄</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划编制和乡村治理，体制外精英以非</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">营利组织、服务者和企业为主体，通过</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自身专业贡献、资本注入，快速实现村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">庄建设发展。自2006年起，增城区西</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">南村采用村长主导、助村规划师协助的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">方式，共同实现村庄建设和经济的飞跃</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(图1)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.6293706" data-w="1001" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9TmXyTvQhG8Jaof0q40XGiaQl7BGRyjCvgPFPWz6MNZqWYwr4nwMKqWAw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（三）生产规则重建</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;margin-left: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="height: 15px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-left: 10px;margin-top: -5px;padding-left: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.土地流转机制下的传统吃租</p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着大量城中村和城郊村的“去农<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化”，产生了特有的“吃租经济”。改</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">革开放以来，农村集体建设用地的资产</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性质逐渐显现出来，以出让、转让(含以</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">土地使用权作价出资、入股、联营、兼</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">并和置换等)、出租和抵押等形式自发流</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">转农村集体建设用地使用权的行为屡有</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发生，数量和规模上有不断扩大的趋势，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">集体建设用地隐形市场客观存在</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> 。这</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">类乡村以外来资本为主导、以土地为主</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">要投入要素，形成了“向土地要效益”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的发展模式，促进了城镇化的快速发展。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">同时，由于采用对土地的单一要素高度</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">依赖、零散的投资方式，也导致了乡村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地区土地蔓延、使用低效和转型困难等</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一系列困境。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以广州市为例，在过去二三十年的<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发展中，工业吃租、宅基地吃租和农业</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">吃租现象普遍存在。全市农村承包收入</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">占村财务收入的53.79％，村集体经济绝</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大部分来自集体土地上自建的市场、商</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">铺、厂房、仓库等物业租赁及鱼塘、山</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">林等资源发包。在全市村庄建设用地的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">工业企业中，78.5％为“完全租赁”企业，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">仅有5.7％是自主经营企业，有些村出租</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经济达到100％，村庄几乎没有自有的集</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体经济。城中村、城边村的房屋出租现</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">象普遍，远郊村的农业主要租赁给外来</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">务农人员种植。这种产权高度分散的资</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">产，在村民自治的制度背景下，很难出</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">现内生性的产业结构调整。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;margin-left: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="height: 15px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-left: 10px;margin-top: -5px;padding-left: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.“三旧”改造催生的自我“造血”</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“三旧”改造是广东省特有的改造<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">模式，分别是“旧城镇、旧厂房、旧村庄”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改造。广州市以“三旧”改造为契机，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">提出城中村改造范围内集体经济发展用</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地上的集体厂房、商铺、仓储用房等集</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体物业房屋可与城中村一并改造</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">，不</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">仅促进了城中村、城边村等旧村的整治</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改造，还为乡村自有产业的提档升级夯</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">实基础、预留空间。部分村庄借助“三旧”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改造的机遇，通过自主升级乡村自有产</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">业，增强自身的“造血”功能、加快发</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">展村级经济，达到增加村级收入的目的。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">广州市的部分村庄已通过对村办工<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">业、乡村旅游业的升级，初步开启了自</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我造血的良性循环。增城区西南村通过</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对村办工业的扩容提质，建设了占地约</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">70hm2 的村办工业区：在扩容方面，在</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">现有成型村办工业基础上，进一步置换</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">剩余的废弃工业用地，镇一级奖励建设</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用地指标，把村办工业做大；在提质方面，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对村办工业进行园区化升级，完善道路、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">排污等基础设施配套。白云区寮采村作</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为广州市第二批美丽乡村，2010年借助</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">绿道建设的契机发展休闲农业，以发行</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">股份的形式筹集所需资金，由村、社集</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体参股，村民以自愿的方式入股，最终</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过村庄自筹自建，建成世外桃源生态</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">旅游区，2015年景区实现营收1300万元。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 11px;height: 11px;padding: 3px;margin-bottom: -5px;margin-left: -5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="height: 15px;transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-moz-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;-o-transform-origin: 0px 0px 0px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);border-top-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-right-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);margin-left: 10px;margin-top: -5px;padding-left: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.以留用地为端口的开放合作</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国家及地方的相关政策对引入社会<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">资本仍然较为谨慎，留用地则是乡村引</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">入社会资本的一个特有端口。留用地是</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国家征收农村集体土地后，按实际征收</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">土地面积的一定比例，作为征地安置另</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">行安排给被征地农村集体经济组织用于</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发展生产的建设用地，留用地的使用权</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">及其收益全部归该农村集体经济组织所</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有，只能用于发展第二、第三产业，不</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">得用于商品住宅房开发。和其他地区不</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">同的是，广州市仅规定留用地“不能做</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">什么”，为留用地的转化和使用提供了</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">充足的弹性。引入社会资金和有实力的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">企业合作开发留用地，成为村庄推动留</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用地开发建设的重要手段。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对广州市外围的萝岗区、增城区被<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">征地农村的实地调查显示，农村集体普</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">遍意愿为：坚持由村集体自主开发经营，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">但可以尝试通过土地作价入股、出资等</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">方式结合社会资本与外界力量进行合作</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">开发。以南沙区南横村为例，2010年南</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">沙资讯科技园扩张，征收村庄约70hm2</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的农用地进行园区产业开发，按相关标</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">准返还村庄7hm2的留用地。同年，南</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">沙区批准通过了《关于试行货币加物业</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">方式兑现村留用地指标推进村留用地开</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发工作方案》，允许引入社会资金参与</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村庄留用地开发建设。南横村与星河集</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">团合作开发7hm2的留用地，打造作为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">高新技术开发区配套的南沙高端滨海居</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">住小区——南横服务外包公寓，其中商</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">铺物业归村庄集体所有，通过商铺出租</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经营，每年可以为村庄带来约720万元</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的收入(表2)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3611111" data-w="972" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9TGeLjReQ4PiboFqvq7nSWm1ygZGMv9cRAdLLLXcqcHicDXeX6vdWrSYRA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/GLEDH8r6puRHyP4iccjNagZGKEpvHcfDV7sgzMMx7NFybjZrxKxxKRZCH1csic5JiaEOvnhHow1VJVeZMdNebhGqg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-radius: 0.5em 0.5em 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-bottom: -12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-left: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;height: 0.8em;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;background: rgb(17, 19, 22);margin-left: -2px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-right: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;height: 0.8em;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;background: rgb(17, 19, 22);margin-left: -2px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-top: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-bottom: 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);background-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);margin: -8px 5px 0px -5px;padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 广州乡村治理新趋势</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="border-radius: 0px 0px 0.5em 0.5em;border-right: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-left: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-top: none rgb(103, 18, 40);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（一）</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">组织型乡村治理：平行的临时</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">议事治理</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村治理主体的多元化带来的是乡<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村内部更复杂的组织方式和更多元的利</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">益诉求，在村庄规划与管理的决策中，不</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">同主体由于出发点和诉求的差异，将有可</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">能产生冲突与矛盾，此时便需要一个平台</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来组织协调多元主体，为进行临时的议事</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">决策，产生了村民理事会制度。在村党组</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">织和村民委员会的领导下，村民理事会主</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">要负责对涉及本村居民重大利益事项的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">协商、沟通，参与对村级党组织和自治组</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">织的民主监督，引导本村不同阶层人士积</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">极参与社区服务管理的研讨，是村民参与</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社区服务管理的议事平台，是村党组织及</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村民委员会重要决策的参谋，是官民合作</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">治理的有益纽带</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以白云区寮采村为例，在谋划产业<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发展、规划建设美丽乡村的过程中，白</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">云区寮采村“两委”牵头组织乡贤人士</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">成立村民理事会，村里所有重大决策，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">只有经理事会协商一致、形成正式议题，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">才能提交村民代表大会审议表决。通过</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这一制度设计，最终形成了村“两委”会、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">党员会议和村民理事会等机构协商议事，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村民代表大会、户代表会议和村民大会</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">等机构民主决策的流程。具体来说，村“两</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">委”在重大决议、草案起草之前，先召</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">集由老村干部、老人协会成员和部分党</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">员、村民代表组成的村民理事会开会，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">商讨具体的事项，取得一致的意见后，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">再提交党员和村民代表大会讨论，村民</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">代表以全票通过一致同意《美丽乡村白</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">云区寮采村示范村庄规划》，然后向所</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有村民公告，最终获得绝大多数村民的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">支持(图2)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.4650924" data-w="974" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9TibOeNSut9Q08E6WID3IdsqQywm22bXnvVt9gdOicc3XdLicicP8bNAvLtg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（二）精英型乡村治理：观念的现代化</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着村民社会治理权力的主动崛起，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村集体为了自身的转型发展需要寻求更</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">佳的发展路径，但囿于自身专业技术能</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">力，需要更加积极主动地对接“外脑”，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">借助社会力量的专业服务为村庄发展提</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">供外力，促使乡村治理的现代化和专业</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化。由此，广州市出现了“助村规划师</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">制度”和“一村一法律顾问”等精英型</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村治理机制，村庄通过购买服务、政</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">策扶持等形式委托社会组织负责规划编</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">制与重点项目的创建，由政府、村集体(村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">委、村民)、民间顾问多方协商，共同制</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">定规划。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">广州市“助村规划师制度”的产生<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">是为了提高村委、村民的规划水平和意</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">识，提升村民参与的效率，并最终促进</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村庄规划成果的落地实施。助村规划师</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从了解村庄发展情况、具备丰富城乡规</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">划经验的人员中选拔，并由区(镇)政</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">府聘请，采用一年一聘的形式，区(镇)</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府定期对其进行培训和考评。助村规</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">划师需及时去村里宣传、讲解村庄规划</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">知识及相关政策，一般情况下每两周主</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">动下村一次、每月到村讲课至少一次；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">同时，还要负责村民和规划管理部门之</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">间的沟通协调，代表村委对村庄建设项</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">目的规划和设计方案向规划管理部门提</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">出意见。增城区西南村自2006年开始</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与华南理工大学建筑学院合作，通过功</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">能分区规划，明确居住区、工业区和耕</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作区；通过市政管线的重新规划布置，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">减少直排鱼塘的生活污水以改善水质；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过三线下地以改变村内电线、电视线</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">等乱拉乱搭的景象。增城区瓜岭村作为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">广州市农村基层治理协同创新的6个试</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">点之一，借助“一村一法律顾问”行动，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">配置一名专业律师为法律顾问，为村民</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自治提供法律意见，协助完善村规民约，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2016年以来，开展法律知识讲座2次，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为村民提供法律咨询16人次，使村干</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">部进一步提高了依法办事、遇事找法和</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">解决问题靠法的意识，使村民逐步养成</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">了依法表达利益诉求和维护合法权益的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">良好习惯。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（三）</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">项目型乡村治理：自上而下的</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">资源导入</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在乡村振兴、“美丽乡村”创建等<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">战略的引导下，国家、市县政府以项目为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">载体，强势导入资源驱动乡村的快速发展，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作为资源下乡的“有形之手”，项目制</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">形成一种新的乡村治理方式。在驱动方</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">式上，项目制是由政府主导的一种资源</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">下乡方式，上级政府通过多条线进行财</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政资金的分发，是一种自上而下的驱动。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在普适性上，项目的落点和资源的导入只</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">针对部分村庄，对村庄的选择不仅依赖自</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">身特色资源，还依赖于上层领导的意志</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">及乡村领导争取项目的能力。在资源方面，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">项目制不仅引入上级政府的财政支持，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">还可以集结多方社会力量，充分引入社</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">会资本和专业人士。在这一乡村治理的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改善过程中，项目成为一种治理的手段，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">而规划则构建了一个治理的平台，作为</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一个服务于项目的空间技术框架，规划</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">渗透在乡村项目的全过程</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以从化区莲麻村为例，2015年原广<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">州市委书记在考察该村后，因其特殊的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区位和优越的资源提出将其建成农家乐</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">旅游村，作为书记挂点村，从化区委区</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府组织编制村庄建设规划。为了促进</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划的实施，形成包括旅游发展、道路</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整治、河涌整治、景观绿化园林整治、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市政设施完善、文化服务设施完善、村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">居风貌提升、农林业发展和产业发展在</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">内的9个大类共计48个项目的项目库；</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">同时，将这些项目按公共产品属性和投</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">资责任主体差异分为政府投资类(道路整</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">治、景观绿化园林整治、文化服务设施</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">完善、河涌整治、市政设施建设)、村出</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">资类(村居风貌提升、农林业发展)和市</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">场投资类(旅游发展、产业发展等)。通</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">过成立广州北景源旅游开发有限公司负</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">责市场项目的招商引资，已成功引入多个项目(图3)。</span></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.5285714" data-w="980" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9T4wqpKoqliastJ6KT2VKibXnPK0SS3E6Z9ttFpXFHXcn7fCZkdrWk1neA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/GLEDH8r6puRHyP4iccjNagZGKEpvHcfDV7sgzMMx7NFybjZrxKxxKRZCH1csic5JiaEOvnhHow1VJVeZMdNebhGqg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="border-radius: 0.5em 0.5em 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-bottom: -12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-left: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;height: 0.8em;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;background: rgb(17, 19, 22);margin-left: -2px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-right: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2px;height: 0.8em;background-color: rgb(17, 19, 22);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;background: rgb(17, 19, 22);margin-left: -2px;border-radius: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-top: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-bottom: 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);background-color: rgb(214, 240, 252);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);margin: -8px 5px 0px -5px;padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">讨论</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="border-radius: 0px 0px 0.5em 0.5em;border-right: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-left: 1px solid rgb(103, 18, 40);border-top: none rgb(103, 18, 40);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（一）</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">平衡：国家权力如何嵌入乡村</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">决定着乡村治理的基本盘</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">根据乡村治理的历史经验，国家权<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">力过度或较少嵌入都会影响到乡村治理</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的合理性，国家权力过度挤压乡村社会</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自治权力，将有可能积累农民对国家政</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权的不满与对抗，国家政权对乡村社会</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的控制成本也会随之增加，而基于宗族、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社区企业等民间关系产生的社会权力如</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">果过于强势，由于自身特有的排他性和</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">趋利性，则有可能导致族权代替基层政</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权，产生操纵村民委员会等基层组织的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">选举、把持村务，甚至私设公堂动用私</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">刑等乱象</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。因此，若要稳定乡村治理</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的基本盘，则需要平衡“乡政”和“村治”</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">之间的权力分配，在博弈中找到共同治</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">理的平衡点。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（二）</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">重组：乡村治理异化对乡村治理</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的运行逻辑升级提出了新的挑战</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">首先，治理主体的多元化将打破固<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化的乡村治理组织模式，带来乡村治理</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">组织方式相应的多元化；其次，各乡村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的生产规则重建引发的是乡村整体功能</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">定位的转变，由此带来不同的外部资源</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">及相应的资源消化机制，这些都是乡村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">治理现代化的趋势。而随着乡村中社会</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权力的主动崛起、村民自主参与观念的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">强化，相较于基层政府的政策管制，乡</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村社会自治将有更强的柔性来接受治理</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主体多元化及生产规则重建带来的冲击，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如何协调各方利益、融合各方资源、将</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主体和资源重组升级，将是乡村治理过</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">程中需要探索的重要方向。</span></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 10px;border-style: solid;border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;box-shadow: rgb(153, 153, 153) 0px 3.2px 3px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（三）</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">推进：项目资源倾斜是当前乡村</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">治理升级的主要动力</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">广州市乡村存在城乡关系、政策及<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不同资源等不平衡的情况。广州市城中</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村主要分布在白云区、花都区、番禺区</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与增城区南部，村民生产生活方式基本</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城镇化；城边村主要分布在城镇建成区</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">或规划城镇建设用地边缘，以机械制造、</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建材、家具灯饰和纺织服装等工业为主，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">兼有部分农业；远郊村主要分布在增城</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区、从化区、花都区及南沙区，由于较</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">少受到城镇的直接带动或辐射影响，村</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">民仍然保留着传统的农耕生产和生活方</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">式。从治理观念和治理模式升级的角度</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">看，由于人口和产业的倾斜，乡村治理</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">现代化的趋势主要出现在城中村和城边</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村，而远郊村则面临着愈发严重的空心</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化问题。除了自身发展之外，政策倾斜</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">带来的是更强的社会资源吸纳和转化能</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">力，上级政府的政策倾斜通过项目的方</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">式落于重点乡村，能够强有力地促使乡</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村治理重组升级。因此，具有较好城乡</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关系、接受上级政策倾斜，更有利于乡</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村治理现代化的推进。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/GLEDH8r6puRHyP4iccjNagZGKEpvHcfDV7sgzMMx7NFybjZrxKxxKRZCH1csic5JiaEOvnhHow1VJVeZMdNebhGqg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(197, 226, 224);background-position: 233.929% 1.8202%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 107.589%;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9W9xpDbaryGfZR09uhwHIwSyq90rQdBZFoqS7xrRbwjImZdeicVQThosqVGzXekia3VGQYTlBp77n59h6TpKXd0A/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2019年11期《规划师》杂志</p></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新媒体编辑：刘晓莹</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">审读：刘芳</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 0px 1.5em;margin-bottom: -35px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;width: 100%;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2019年11期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong>广州乡村治理的变迁、异化与新趋势 <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">》</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: 24px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);margin-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -8px;margin-left: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 16px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 100%;margin: -12px 0px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(227, 43, 107);box-sizing: border-box;">转载须知</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">请在</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;">后台回复“转载”二字</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;">查看转载要求，</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;">如需开白名单进行转载请在后台留下公众号ID，</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">感谢您的支持！</strong></p></section></section><section style="width: 100%;margin-top: 1em;font-size: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="float: left;margin-top: -1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);margin-top: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-left: 8px;margin-top: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;margin-top: -8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);margin-left: 23px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="float: right;margin-top: -2px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 254) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-bottom: 1px;margin-left: 16px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;margin-top: -2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 8px;height: 16px;margin-left: 8px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 16px;height: 8px;margin-top: -8px;margin-right: 18px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="width: 0px;height: 8px;border-right: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-left-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);border-bottom-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin-top: -1px;margin-left: 24px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/GLEDH8r6puRHyP4iccjNagZGKEpvHcfDV7sgzMMx7NFybjZrxKxxKRZCH1csic5JiaEOvnhHow1VJVeZMdNebhGqg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 100%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;max-width: 100%;border-radius: 3px 3px 0px 0px;margin-right: 3px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;padding-left: 6px;padding-right: 6px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">往期精选</p></section><img data-ratio="2" data-w="50" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/N4jWjFAJ09mRQewG2uhwoULVU6XvHmMM0VHYO3UKOSY1nsFnPJiaPtH3yaJch5W1moTEB1khwJCiczFfDuEO67gA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 0.8em;box-sizing: border-box;" width="0.8em" data-type="png"  /></section><section style="width: 100%;font-size: 0px;margin-top: -2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 100%;margin-right: -6px;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;margin-top: -2px;width: 6px;height: 6px;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;text-align: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(117, 114, 114);word-wrap: break-word !important;">1.【规划师论坛1】国家中心城市建设绩效评估与天津空间发展战略响应研究</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-align: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 16px;word-wrap: break-word !important;">2.【规划师论坛2】西部国家中心城市的功能体系及西安建设对策研究<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-align: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 16px;word-wrap: break-word !important;">3.【规划师论坛3】武汉建设国家中心城市的目标愿景及核心策略<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-align: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 16px;word-wrap: break-word !important;">4.【规划师论坛4】东北振兴战略下沈阳建设国家中心城市策略研究</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.03125" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/GLEDH8r6puRHyP4iccjNagZGKEpvHcfDV7sgzMMx7NFybjZrxKxxKRZCH1csic5JiaEOvnhHow1VJVeZMdNebhGqg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: left;border-top: 2px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-left: 2px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: right;border-top: 2px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right: 2px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin: -5px 0px;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.3037037" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9TG2R3PXXeiaQ6bb5pHbRicS4GlR3ibibgpIEx3VoLJTh1xwS6ywo0xcAJYw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">识别图中二维码进入微店购买《规划师》杂志</strong></p></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1" data-w="300" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9TqhhqbtxGVcgFdWTxzyGoGw7ERRj75KydJYYQMXAahS0Qx0bEmnjNDg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9T4XLT1QLwp9yjeib0C35gftKKIfhS4EPWAbQV65Err0c9alSWfrTQbtQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》杂志社                                         </p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></span><span style="color: rgb(132, 81, 21);font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;">邮编：530029</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;">电话：0771-2438012</span></p><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;">传真：0771-2436269</span></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/C28Lh05Yok9Wt3ba52BbeEziczkm7G2gTDqWkricTZiaGmD4IhFXK8NznEALAccz0Dyvf6Zicq3SEQklIt5dIaPnwA/640?wx_fmt=gif");background-position: 1.2602% 100.746%;background-repeat: repeat-x;background-size: 76.798%;background-attachment: scroll;padding: 10px 10px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 61.8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">精</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 25%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;font-size: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="padding: 4px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(247, 177, 32);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: white;width: 1.6em;height: 1.6em;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.5em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">彩</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">请猛戳右边二维码</strong></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="clear: none;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 38.2%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(67, 103, 117);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">公众号ID</p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1" data-w="430" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miayh0lPuaGJExKHKPfovm9TwfaqibUMKCup53gyMKNGWPZndL4lNDWcPPiaicr3pZQxcxd11mia74rexw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: left;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-left: 2px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: right;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);border-right: 2px solid rgb(32, 84, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section>
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