国匠城工作台

当前：新闻编辑 | 格式化工具 | 查看本文

标题

分类

（编号：1116）

链接

作者

时间

政策

省

市

年

月

直播

主办：
协办：
时间：
会议室：
直播链接：

/h1

/h2

strong

/strong

<br />

<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;"><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 2px none rgb(255, 202, 0);border-top-left-radius: 0px;border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(125, 146, 160);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-53202-1534475045474" style="line-height: 1.8;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文需阅读 - 20分钟</p></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0%;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 60%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgba(95, 156, 239, 0.69);background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Sustainable</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cities &</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(97, 208, 167);background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);padding: 10px 20px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -20px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 27px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 0.9;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Mobility</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 15px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 2px solid rgb(179, 179, 179);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(179, 179, 179);padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(182, 182, 182);box-sizing: border-box;">城市规划与发展战略</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市综合交通</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(182, 182, 182);box-sizing: border-box;">公共交通与非机动化出行</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(237, 194, 113);box-sizing: border-box;">活力街区、街道与城市设计</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">量化城市与大数据</p></section></section></section><section style="transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-7px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: left;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">「</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"></span></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">」</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;padding: 0px 5px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2019年<span style="color: rgb(125, 146, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"> | 8</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">月01日期</span></p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 40%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;font-size: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 70%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.0234375" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2bIMr8eQREY9icRYcdNYA7KR8OHkZbibE1ErfX36XtzAPnaZFdmayPWxQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(181, 190, 143);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-60px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 17%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/yibNeP54SgHGACAO8DJBIrjYUJuevRiaOropNiaTtfjBzxIATSw9q4GTwa4hibljWN158MtgQZwlGTbykzJeQiby8BQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">团队成员<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 5%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/yibNeP54SgHGACAO8DJBIrjYUJuevRiaOropNiaTtfjBzxIATSw9q4GTwa4hibljWN158MtgQZwlGTbykzJeQiby8BQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -20px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(45px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/yibNeP54SgHGACAO8DJBIrjYUJuevRiaOropNiaTtfjBzxIATSw9q4GTwa4hibljWN158MtgQZwlGTbykzJeQiby8BQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em auto;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;border-radius: 1.5em;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="170" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2kCWGJOR6g5KCMPcz2rd6MXPuiae6ibQ1GVst6820e0TJzqichZjF8o1nw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em auto;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;border-radius: 1.5em;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.0234375" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2bIMr8eQREY9icRYcdNYA7KR8OHkZbibE1ErfX36XtzAPnaZFdmayPWxQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0.5em auto;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;border-radius: 1.5em;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="170" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2eFuia1wnVKKZ2rInibic7J4ofqZ39RziaMWR7lgoLYfribDaUjKqhKkEscw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/yibNeP54SgHGACAO8DJBIrjYUJuevRiaOropNiaTtfjBzxIATSw9q4GTwa4hibljWN158MtgQZwlGTbykzJeQiby8BQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;padding: 0px 20px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.5px;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgba(68, 161, 198, 0.79);box-sizing: border-box;">原文|</span></strong>相欣奕、张美华、李亚枝<span style="line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.8;color: rgba(68, 161, 198, 0.792);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">  文献|</strong></span><strong style="line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"></strong><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">逯百慧  </span><span style="line-height: 1.8;color: rgba(68, 161, 198, 0.792);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">校核</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">|</strong></span><span style="line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">相欣奕</span><span style="line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 1.8;color: rgba(68, 161, 198, 0.792);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑|</strong></span><span style="line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"> 众山小  </span><span style="line-height: 1.8;color: rgba(68, 161, 198, 0.792);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">排版|</strong></span><span style="line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"> 杨骏</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(128, 178, 188);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">微博 |</span></strong><span style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"> weibo.com/</span></span></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: 10px 0% 20px;transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-50px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 7%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/yibNeP54SgHGACAO8DJBIrjYUJuevRiaOropNiaTtfjBzxIATSw9q4GTwa4hibljWN158MtgQZwlGTbykzJeQiby8BQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(15px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 12%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/yibNeP54SgHGACAO8DJBIrjYUJuevRiaOropNiaTtfjBzxIATSw9q4GTwa4hibljWN158MtgQZwlGTbykzJeQiby8BQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="margin: -55px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 27%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="120" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2ZVyFgW0AXQfV3kXWp6EcOob2DDFibjhuTUoNlSTV9nOLG2tcu7ZVwkA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(181, 190, 143);border-style: none;border-width: 1px;background-color: rgb(158, 192, 199);border-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: -18px 0% 10px;font-size: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);display: inline-block;width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;line-height: 2.5em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 240);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: right;transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 3px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-10386-1536648223411" style="text-align: center;font-size: 22px;color: rgb(246, 246, 246);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 5px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;">一览</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;">导读</span></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 96%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(128, 178, 188) 0px 0px 6px;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);border-radius: 8px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px 15px 8px;box-shadow: rgb(160, 160, 160) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-61658-1548305745155" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">水是重要资源，对于人类的生存发展而言必不可少，开发与利用水的技术与实践也在不断推进。同样，跨越不同时空，水是人居环境中为人深爱并寄予深厚感情的审美对象。在城市建设领域，传统水景设计强调美学之点缀。城市给水排水工程，则强调取水，净化，供配水和污水处理的工程实用性。多年惯例，景观之水与工程技术之水二者截然分开，鲜有交集。本文对城市水体生态功能提升的景观设计途径展开剖析，探讨城市水体设计中生态功能提升的若干可能途径，促成城市装饰性水景向作为绿色基础设施的湿地转变，为城市水体修复和水系管理提供点滴思路，以期抛砖引玉，引起业内人士思考。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -50px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 15%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(237, 194, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -70px 0% 0px;font-size: 18px;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="width: 5em;height: 5em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;text-align: center;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table;width: 100%;height: 5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;line-height: 1.2;color: rgb(125, 146, 160);font-size: 15px;padding: 10px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">阅读</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">正文</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(56, 56, 56);font-size: 35px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 3.83022px 3.21394px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">01</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/B7l5ULM75vq1fceCapBXibIrDpjCUTWcMaoEl0a6tibcDas4pvArrPoyMNaJ5n21Pic35IbMjQOgWDicBTwwccLIcw/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 20px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">前言</strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">人类作为行动者（actor，“行动者网络理论”）参与水循环，改变着水原来的径流路线，引起水分布和运动状况变化,影响了水的社会循环。在与人类社会的关系中,水主要承担着两个角色,一方面，水是必不可少重要生存发展资源，另一方面，自古以来,水一直是人居环境中审美的象征,“智者乐山,仁者乐水”就是一个很好的体现。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">然而,从现实看来,水所承担的两个角色均面临重大挑战。就生态功能而言,历年来因开发利用遭到破坏的水体屡见不鲜。如因工农业发展和城市建设受损昆明滇池，数十年的修复投入仍未见显著成效。又如“以湖换城”的武汉，屡遭洪水侵袭。就审美功能而言,城市人造水景营建多强调奢华与美观，以硬化的环湖路滨河路取代原有丰茂的水草，用混凝土对河堤湖畔加以渠化硬化。这些做法大大损害了水体的生态功能，单一的审美下的景观也值得质疑。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">此外，水对人类社会和自然界的巨大重要性使之成为了与人类生活直接相关的不确定性因素之一。涉及水循环的所有要素变化,都有可能给人类带来难以想象的后果。科学而精确的解释和预测有待专业学者提供，但这样的事实让人不由追问：全球气候变化是否会导致水循环失衡？水循环的失衡又会造成何种后果？位于水脉流域河海之滨的城乡居民点又将面临何种威胁？以上所列种种，给人类城市规划、市政工程、景观设计、人居环境营建等方面的发展都提出了巨大挑战。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在我国当前海绵城市建设与城市双修背景下，城市水体建设工作备受重视。“看得见山，望得见水”，“避免让城市成为一块密不透气的水泥板”，深刻表达了城市居民对城市空间品质与生活质量提升的迫切期待。这意味人工化城市环境向自然化城市环境、技术化灰色城市基础设施系统向生态化绿色基础设施系统转化的需求与趋势。这对包括城市水体在内的城市景观提出了生态功能和审美功能有机融合的要求。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">据此，本文从四个方面入手，对城市水体生态功能提升的景观设计途径展开剖析：①水景观设计价值取向的思考；③规划师态度的思考；④对三种方式的反思；⑤对四类技术的展望。同时援引案例，以期抛砖引玉，为城市水体修复和管理提供思路。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(56, 56, 56);font-size: 35px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 3.83022px 3.21394px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">02</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/B7l5ULM75vq1fceCapBXibIrDpjCUTWcMaoEl0a6tibcDas4pvArrPoyMNaJ5n21Pic35IbMjQOgWDicBTwwccLIcw/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">水景观设计的价值取向：</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">实用功能高于审美并与审美共存</strong></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">纵观古今中外的人造水景，普遍以实用功能为主，审美价值为辅。大型人造水景观，如京杭大运河和古罗马人的引水系统，虽均构成了绝无仅有的城市景观，但二者设计之初均以实用功能为出发点。前者旨在航运，促进城市的繁荣与活力；后者供生活之需，为追求生活品质的古罗马人引来清澈山溪。小型人造水体，则更是如此。江南庭院中睡莲静卧水缸，赏心悦目，其消防蓄水功能也不可忽视。川渝鄂等地“堰塘”（人造池塘），游鱼浮鸭，青荇香蒲，与房舍、竹林和农田共同构成美好的田园景观,细究来去,也是生活与生产角力的产物。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">已有珠玉在前，如今城市中高成本、华而不实的喷泉与大水池的粗暴结合便相形见绌了。比如只在特殊时段会短时开放的灯光音乐喷泉，其水体在未使用时期相当有碍观瞻。加上技术不完备导致的角度安全事故也常可听闻,这可以说是审美价值可疑且全无生态功能的水景营造。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.8008008" data-w="999" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2O7dxGRy0tR0HyGTePmvzNEGbS08vd5NyX3Wm1Nd0udiasY0AiaDZyKgw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、百度搜索“喷泉漏电事故”显示出有52万余个条目</em></strong></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6666667" data-w="438" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz25icElV9bISTribVCjzyibh2xL2cUofdN9SU7TR2FHCygucXDJ7AQGeV0g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6657407" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2QEiayCnSCXSdkEmibt4oB4XJ50QujgU5pzCibnX9lLaOzSBMRKIIJquxQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、从未喷放过的喷泉（图片来自于网络，著作权人未知）</em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如果说大喷泉和大水池全然考虑“可疑的”审美价值,那么，城市水工程基础设施,则是完处在相反的极端了。除水利航运等工程设施外，当前城市与水相关的工程基础设施包括给排水工程和雨水工程（雨污分流之后单独列出）。作为调用水、分配水、净化水、排放水的一整套工程体系，在高密度大城市中追求的是隐形。一旦无法“隐形”，麻烦就会出现。比如城市居民对污水处理厂的投诉，雨天“城景变海景”等的城市病。这不禁让人思考,在现代城市之中，能否实现水体在实用功能与审美价值的兼顾呢？</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">正如俞孔坚和李迪华两位学者提出所言，生态景观需考虑“如何尽可能少地干扰和破坏自然系统的自我再生能力，如何尽可能多地使被破坏的景观恢复其自然的再生能力，如何最大限度地借助于自然再生能力而进行最少设计”。即便达成城市水体实用与审美兼具这一目标路途漫长，但不妨以之作为指引。而水景观的生态功能提升正是迈出的第一步。有鉴于此，本文为城市水景观设计（或者说一切景观设计）确定的价值取向是：实用高于审美，并与审美共存。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6657183" data-w="703" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2c7HIL1PbGiaH8C7h6EZiauGmLuQPTjBPmoINh0oAdLs14OwnkS6Kp3cg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6653747" data-w="774" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2ujqxdONZjpHCSibYmKhKtMLY75ubxZOQb1XsT9Mk6hKaibmVMnVCrToQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 6px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.3333333" data-w="564" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2Oje68ib0ESyYZUajRhg3hCEOCyg5PDbibT6CAFMWicbwpH5tl0brHU9NQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.3333333" data-w="564" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz24OA33pBc2d9mzlggVGywTU9IwoBprhTPOCAeG6aia5aU8EL5icHIwX6g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.3351064" data-w="564" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2DfE8HGfziaYUztlBibBKlxothXiay93sRvdia948Be19LL9gQwdp9KXTMA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图三、雨水管的审美与功能（图片来自于网络，著作权人未知）</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(56, 56, 56);font-size: 35px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 3.83022px 3.21394px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">03</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/B7l5ULM75vq1fceCapBXibIrDpjCUTWcMaoEl0a6tibcDas4pvArrPoyMNaJ5n21Pic35IbMjQOgWDicBTwwccLIcw/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划师的态度：</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“深绿”、“浅绿”还是“漂绿”？</strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关于环境保护的态度，西方向来有“深绿”（dark green）、“浅绿”（light green）之分。前者以生态中心主义的价值观为基础，排斥对自然环境的任何改变，把生态文明理解为人类实践未涉足的“荒野”（wilderness），是激进环保主义。后者以现代人类中心主义价值观为基础，以技术进步和自然资源市场化为手段，追求社会和经济的可持续发展，更显温和。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">无论深浅，二者都是真实的绿色环保行为。而“漂绿”则不然。“漂绿意指某组织机构宣称保护环境，实际上却反其道而行，实质上是一种虚假的环保宣传。通常是为产品改名或是改造形象，就如同把一片森林的影像放在一瓶有害的化学物上。”。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">将规划师对环保的态度列于众项之首，看似突兀，实则不然。规划方案作为指导城市建设的蓝图，出自规划师之手,受规划师价值观影响重大。加之项目建设一旦启动，投资甚巨，影响甚为久长。景观和城市规划的业内人士，不妨认真审视一下自己参与过的每一个方案，见识过的每一个项目，有哪一个不是由价值观最终决定的呢？真绿的成分有多少？有没有为了在竞争中胜出、为了取得政策倾斜等目的而“漂绿”的行为在其中？思想决定方案，价值观决定方案。对规划师态度与价值观思辨重要性的强调,无论如何都不为过。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(56, 56, 56);font-size: 35px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 3.83022px 3.21394px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">04</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/B7l5ULM75vq1fceCapBXibIrDpjCUTWcMaoEl0a6tibcDas4pvArrPoyMNaJ5n21Pic35IbMjQOgWDicBTwwccLIcw/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">对三种方式的反思</strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">就城市中的自然水体的利用和保护而言，无外乎三种应对方式，即放任不管、高度人工化以及明智利用与保护。以下对这三种方式加以列举并进行反思。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1;padding: 0px 3px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">隔离与放任</strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);margin: -22px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 25px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 1;font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 1.73205px 1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4.1</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -13px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 37px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/5CWEWVQGel6bdX5WO1Zc3aKS7DQlbeKBJKI4r6ElEibMXdlDibGPecgu7dcCziauncXCKEXDibBR8zu8fC0zOnk9Hw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“凡立国都，非于大山之下，必于广川之上”。世界上的大城市几乎都与水相伴,滨水地带往往是城市的历史中心。在如此背景下，人与水体的互动也必定深远久长。然而，特定时空下的城市和水体也可能呈隔离状态。如自然因素导致的隔离:重庆主城嘉陵江水岸的右岸，因渝中半岛城区与嘉陵江水岸陡峭，可达性极差，导致岸线与城市的隔离。再如因城市发展导致的隔离: 为南京幕府山金陵造船厂与港区之间的滨江段,在航运功能没落，港区衰退的背景下，未实现功能的转变而不再为城市所需。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz24ibgHzTsWbWqUfiacl5iczUbZSMrjSgzCMiciaoESdibcvgE9Gqdpcao2mEw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图四、渝中半岛嘉陵江水岸（图片来自于网络，著作权人未知）</em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.562037" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2L0xg059HNibWvD0qymxrUxEfQsR6Sl0OiaUvXWcHOp4sfbKIaIQoVdaw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图五、南京幕府山港区水岸（图片为2017年6月作者拍摄）</em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">此外，出于消防、交通等原因也可能导致城市与水体的隔离。这样的隔离无疑令人遗憾，割裂人与水体的亲密关联，让城市无法与开阔的水面和滨水开放空间相通，并失去了很多潜在机会。不仅如此，还有多种弊端：①藏污纳垢，让滨水区域成为城市空间中难以治理并存在诸多安全隐患的消极区域；②可能导致脱离控制的违规滥用，比如倾倒垃圾、违规挖掘河沙、开荒种菜等；③未受监控的污水排放。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1;padding: 0px 3px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">高度人工化处理</strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);margin: -22px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 25px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 1;font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">4.2</em></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -13px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 37px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/5CWEWVQGel6bdX5WO1Zc3aKS7DQlbeKBJKI4r6ElEibMXdlDibGPecgu7dcCziauncXCKEXDibBR8zu8fC0zOnk9Hw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与以上所列对水体的隔离与放任形成鲜明对比的，是对水体的彻底改造。最极端的莫过于围填造地。2014年，深圳市近90%海岸线被人为占用，部分生态价值高的湿地遭到破坏，全市红树林面积从8000多亩骤减至2500多亩，约减少70%。除深圳之外，海南、河北曹妃甸等地，填海造地空置现象也非常突出。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 6px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7506234" data-w="401" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2L7vOyV9QVI5mPPa4R7Y3griaMquITxaYp3phfFzLT7ZUKV0iaWwLPib8w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7509766" data-w="1024" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2DH8dC6EKgwOkCIE07BHdiarmVj2O90SpjCxCuuResecWmt8OdPVjibyw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7485929" data-w="533" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2jqDOU6OCm7w4QZ7uWkrtIbybbMgUxtialfgCCcIVsVs75FGicB7L1gRA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 6px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7497393" data-w="959" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2rxH8zdcciboK0JXdUwRABiaVdribedeIFU0WWDZGicBMNfoLGEart4npEA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7496917" data-w="811" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2pItQVPbGiaYQVICxxMNSOHlNK40DV4qLmqGyswctDyQaPT3jMyIVVibQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.7490272" data-w="514" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2som7sLenXKoToG8x9iaCByLuVnLXyOAVcia9KlUtaFpjldfgEic8HQDNQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图六、填湖、填海、涉水违建（图片来自于网络，著作权人未知）</em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">水体的高度人工化处理还包括对自然溪流加以封盖使其成为暗河、截弯取直、河道渠化等。以上所列种种，无疑扼杀了生机勃勃的天然水体。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">另一方面，与填湖填海相反，不少城市大量开挖建设人工湖。以广州最为典型,尽管为城市区域增加水面有诸多环境生态效益，然而耗资巨大，只关注景观美化、以促进土地为目的，并未虑及水系连通以及更多功能。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1;padding: 0px 3px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">利用和保护</strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);margin: -22px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 25px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 1;font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 1.73205px 1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4.3</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -13px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 37px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/5CWEWVQGel6bdX5WO1Zc3aKS7DQlbeKBJKI4r6ElEibMXdlDibGPecgu7dcCziauncXCKEXDibBR8zu8fC0zOnk9Hw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关于城市与河流共存之道，荷兰城市奈梅亨的措施值得借鉴。荷兰作为临海低地国家，洪灾频繁。1000多年来，荷兰用加高加固的堤坝应对洪水。然而在全球气候变化的当下，洪水愈发难于控制。基于此，荷兰在1998年出台了河道拓展计划，给瓦尔河提供更多空间，以降低洪灾发生的风险。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2012年，奈梅亨开始在30个重要地点对河流进行管控，把主堤向内陆移动了350m，并挖出来一条平行的新河道。对瓦尔河大桥进行了扩建，并建成了三座新桥。2016年项目完工之时，河面高度成功降低35 cm。在高潮水位期间，河流总水量的三分之一通过新建辅助河道排走。这一名为“为瓦尔河扩展空间”的项目，其首要目标在于降低河流水位，避免住房和商业受到洪水影响。与此同时，项目营建的休闲区域提升了本城居民的生活品质。该项目对该市意义长远。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5619469" data-w="678" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2ZzMUZNdyyibjdiaVYzYgK8IMZX0RPvtbuA5xibhibf8FWNcURiaYb1yXPSQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5619469" data-w="678" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2j7Mjr54KqVy2MibWPhCndFNdgAicClft6wz8QGFbN0jhpAc6DRVb2Osg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图七、荷兰奈梅亨市瓦尔河项目（来自于：100 solutions for climate action in cities以及网</em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">络）</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">（图注：把250公顷河畔农地变为城市中心的荒野保护区，提供了更多休闲、节庆和游憩机会，预计每年有45,000名访客。）</em></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(56, 56, 56);font-size: 35px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 3.83022px 3.21394px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">05</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/B7l5ULM75vq1fceCapBXibIrDpjCUTWcMaoEl0a6tibcDas4pvArrPoyMNaJ5n21Pic35IbMjQOgWDicBTwwccLIcw/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">对四类技术的展望</strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">水体为城市带来机遇，也带来挑战。跳出审美的囫囵，智慧地在城市中理水，是促进城市发展的绝佳机会。无论是从细微处着手，还是从大处布局，出离“盆景”的拘囿，依据愈来愈广泛的知识背景，投入绿色基础设施网络的营建，会让城市景观项目取得真正的成功。以下以案例列出四个方面的城市水体生态功能提升技术，愿能够抛砖引玉。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 15px;line-height: 1;padding: 0px 3px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">从建筑到社区：</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市微型水体的</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">营造与生态功能实现途径</strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);margin: -22px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 25px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 1;font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 1.73205px 1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">5.1</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -13px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 37px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/5CWEWVQGel6bdX5WO1Zc3aKS7DQlbeKBJKI4r6ElEibMXdlDibGPecgu7dcCziauncXCKEXDibBR8zu8fC0zOnk9Hw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="line-height: 1.8;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">华新镇位于上海周边，人口稠密，无数水道沟渠纵横交错，河道两岸工厂、住宅、集市密集，水体面源污染严重。由于道路建设和城镇扩张，导致河道断头封堵，水系不通，自净能力极弱。在文献所列的案例中，2003年市政府已计划掩埋道路旁小水渠，将其转变为地下排水系统，并在附近公园中新建污水处理厂集中处理污水。但工程师提出了另外的解决思路，即重新利用现有水渠，以易于操作和维护的污水净化湿地替代之前的污水处理厂，利用垂直流人工湿地设计，确保出水达到标准要求。这一举措,相当于实现了污水从工业处理到生态净化的时候转变。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3697348" data-w="641" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2cVXK7MibXPNj2uzC36fXF8ffxpxeAbc6p5hib2BPITysRH2azMeYldyA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5599129" data-w="459" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2LxvgKSGWUwH9zKkOhGXLHibD78Deibpo8fFfLjWEvIvuK7CGIuaWr1aA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图八、上海华新镇黑臭沟渠转化为人工湿地</em></strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 15px;line-height: 1;padding: 0px 3px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">灰色基础设施的</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">景观化与生态化改造 </strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);margin: -22px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 25px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 1;font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 1.73205px 1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">5.2</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -13px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 37px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/5CWEWVQGel6bdX5WO1Zc3aKS7DQlbeKBJKI4r6ElEibMXdlDibGPecgu7dcCziauncXCKEXDibBR8zu8fC0zOnk9Hw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市中的水工程基础设施，也不应放弃水体的景观价值。研究表明，单独建设的污水处理厂对周边房价具有抑制作用, 污水处理厂传统建设模式占地的土地价值以及对周边地产价值的损害，均远超过污水处理厂自身的建设投资。但是与绿色公园共建的污水处理则不然。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5612145" data-w="1021" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2oXE7bib2U0YgXLlGFP0ibEkskBcziaTq6NMnXv6Mg1yGx3QXumPhRo3Xg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5621806" data-w="587" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz24EiazazUD0r9jzqm5N0U05nOvPu7SfjNC2IcfR7TW4wbG9IctWElOYA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图九、污水处理厂的灰色与绿色（图片来自于网络，著作权人未知）</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">（图注：左为典型污水处理厂内灰色基础设施，右为深圳福田污水处理厂鸟瞰效果图）</em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">因此无论城郊，都应重视污水处理厂的视觉景观，考虑美学效果，把美学贯穿于整个污水处理系统，污水处理厂可以建设成美丽的场地。发达国家注重污水处理厂的景观规划，在地形利用、植物配置、建筑设计、铺装小品设计、景观水体设计等方面进行了大量的实践。此外，还赋予污水处理厂参观、展销、休闲、娱乐等方面的功能。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">杭州市第二垃圾填埋场的案例，或许可供作为污水处理设施的景观提升思路借鉴。该垃圾填埋场主要填埋生活垃圾，降雨渗流等原因，会产生大量垃圾渗滤液。因此，这一垃圾填埋场配建了专供垃圾渗滤液处理的设施。该垃圾填埋场采用了“与自然共生”的概念，把生态水景作为污水厂景观设计的主题，用处理过的水构筑景观体系，将其设计为连接人与自然的纽带。改变人们对废水处理厂的旧观念，增加市民对污水净化处理的理解，使这里作为理解和重新认识水的生态基地。由此可见，以污水处理厂为代表的城市灰色基础设施，在景观和功能上，都大有提升空间。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 15px;line-height: 1;padding: 0px 3px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">从雨洪排放到雨水花园：</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">无根之水的排与蓄</strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);margin: -22px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 25px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 1;font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 1.73205px 1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">5.3</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -13px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 37px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/5CWEWVQGel6bdX5WO1Zc3aKS7DQlbeKBJKI4r6ElEibMXdlDibGPecgu7dcCziauncXCKEXDibBR8zu8fC0zOnk9Hw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市水体中，雨水是不容忽视的组成部分。城市水景观的规划，需要将雨水考虑在内,其积蓄、泄洪等均为其中之义。关于雨水的应对，从家庭到社区到整个城市地区，不同尺度都有措施可供借鉴。我国对于“海绵城市”建设的推进，是城市区域大尺度对于雨洪的管理与应对。此处提供两个社区尺度的雨水管理方案，以期作为借鉴。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6046296" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2qyeA2ratcra3LneOcBW4ic5dJk3ic0KZI1ibiam10ibAfIrsmTTEBdS5oqQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6055556" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz22dvWVxlMRJajTkwXiaw6n1jH9nRUyjG2BTicF13vyw7QkDklsrM8MoSQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十、“城市看海”和“城市缺水”百度图片</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(90, 195, 211);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin: -2em 0px 0px 0.5em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">案例一：德国柏林波茨坦广场</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">德国城市雨水管理方式分为以下三种：① 屋面雨水蓄集，雨水收集并简单处理，供家庭、公共场所和企业使用。② 雨水渗透，道路雨洪通过下水道,汇入沿途蓄水池或通过渗透补充地下水。③ 生态住区雨水利用，沿排水道修建生态植草沟，雨水通过底表草皮完成下渗，超出渗透能力的雨水会进入雨洪池或人工湿地。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">德国柏林波茨坦广场内的所有景观用水都是通过利用建筑屋顶排水、道路透水、绿地渗透等收集到的雨水。通过一系列循环储存设备将雨水收集，再分散连接至景观所需的各个取水点，达到了可持续的循环应用理念。通过广场景观设计，实现了雨水蓄积、暴雨径流平抑、雨水净化以及景观雨水再利用的多重目标。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6666667" data-w="552" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2ewkTgEP9ZksCyypF0s2dXyc8df1oxApHotib4kdddyTEXzpbRahBGKw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.665" data-w="600" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2LOSCaCHT5mQBfICoYI4YSDblibAICickDwa4sZiabgmTmpic9JWtXYM3zw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6660269" data-w="521" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2TCOXXeCz9EjLU83Ka9jAasfMhdiahNnyrX1xI5AOVD8TxHPMT8tsybQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.665625" data-w="640" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz28v4nM0XEqehDxEtgumJJgPM9Y4OMDNg4QXDjSAp5m2KaWpSWxyia1QA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十一、德国柏林波茨坦广场雨水设计（图片来自于微信公众号：设计师带你看世界）</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(90, 195, 211);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin: -2em 0px 0px 0.5em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">案例二：芝加哥成长空间项目（Space to Grow）</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">该项目启动于2013年，成长空间项目对学校场地进行改造，降低芝加哥最为贫穷社区的洪灾风险，同时促进社区参与。把寻常的沥青铺设的学校场地转变为绿色的具有雨洪基础设施之功效的操场，在作为教育设施使用的同时，还可供作为社区聚会空间使用。项目针对的是面对洪灾风险以及社会与经济挑战的低收入区域。设计重点在于捕获雨水，因为本城当前的基础设施无法应对因气候变化所导致的新降水模式。通过对操场进行重新设计，本项目目标在于降低学校周边社区的洪灾风险，每一个操场都被设计为可对24小时的100年一遇的暴雨进行管理，超出了芝加哥雨水管理条例中所列的要求。与此同时，户外教室、蔬菜园和体育设施也都鼓励开展环境教育、鼓励社会参与以及体育锻炼活动。在学校非教学时间，允许家庭和社区使用这些空间，从而使得这些崭新空间得以充分利用。目前为止，成长空间项目已经改造了6块学校场地，预计在2019年之前，将完成另外28块学校场地的改造。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6666667" data-w="717" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2Do6lxmBBOAwRIn6mYqGaBgMb9KRrL0Q2WR1gYm8A8GsBf2MzNiaWFlg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6657102" data-w="697" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2Ye06bSWjFyCWPID7fvCF3wQgfAx2icfPOy3JMtK940CCUicM4QdQ9F9Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.175644" data-w="427" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2BBNUZclgF7ibfumGauPhe82ia22k1C7umc1XCCEuL9RsWRgX0KCjjbrg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.1732673" data-w="404" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2JtjK7ymAkAjArjiayLvWfERXzhuHictOenx92qdsabyibwpCaH4ZxMp4Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十二、芝加哥“成长空间”项目（来自于http://www.spacetogrowchicago.org/national-report/）</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(62, 62, 62);border-bottom-right-radius: 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 15px;line-height: 1;padding: 0px 3px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市之水：</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">从“盆景化”景观营造，</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">到城市湿地的培育与维持</strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-25px, 0px, 0px);margin: -22px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 30px;height: 25px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;line-height: 1;font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 1.73205px 1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">5.4</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -13px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-moz-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);-o-transform: translate3d(-30px, 0px, 0px) rotateY(180deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 37px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/5CWEWVQGel6bdX5WO1Zc3aKS7DQlbeKBJKI4r6ElEibMXdlDibGPecgu7dcCziauncXCKEXDibBR8zu8fC0zOnk9Hw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg?x-oss-process=style/xmorient");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">气候变化带来的不确定性风险迫在眉睫，高密度大城市环境改善提升的需求也极为迫切，水的实用与审美功能亟待合而为一，景观设计与市政工程也应尝试并肩合作。基于这一愿景，本文标题为“从水景到湿地——论城市水体生态功能提升的设计途径”，因为湿地正是水之美与水之功能结合的载体。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">就大尺度的城市湿地而言，哈尔滨群力湿地公园开创了国内的典范，也为后续一系列海绵城市建设提供了样本。该湿地公园于2009年设计，总占地约34公顷。现存湿地大部分保持原状，沿边界挖出连串水洼，挖方土堆成土丘，作为城市与自然湿地的边界，利用景观滞留和净化雨水。湿地核心区架设空中步道与观光平台，供人远眺体验。通过场地的转换设计，使湿地的多种功能的以彰显，昔日的湿地得到了恢复和改善，乡土生物多样性得以保存，同时为城市居民营造了舒适的居住环境。曾经被城市包围的省级湿地公园，也通过这一项目晋升为国家城市湿地公园。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6659341" data-w="910" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2p3wyDzgLuJxyeHicwBdsmNw9mO5ujcUH4ldUribxTTQZibVQJCUPbUT7A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6659341" data-w="910" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2nwMxlnB9IWMyEV4EtSAt9yME5qYJnkLOFf8zg8drlhAHrK6JVmxYIA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.4296703" data-w="910" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2wgjd94Iam091cSFZb54UeT5H56jo3lFHVxcXDdekibiaHZDicennv8Cmw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十三、哈尔滨群力湿地公园概念方案及建成图<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2008年，因三峡水库蓄水而在重庆开州形成了汉丰湖。这一人工湖泊与三峡水库之间由调节坝分隔。因其临近澎溪河湿地自然保护区，因此需要对它的消落带投以特别的关注,带消落带必须基于生态系统设计。又因其与开州新县城相邻，所以可达性和宜人设计也必须考虑。就消落带自身而言，通过生态设计以期实现湖岸稳定、改善水质、湿地生产、保护多样性、科学教育、食物提供和农产品生产的生态目标为主。充分发挥湿地生态系统的服务价值，并通过广泛传播促进开州经济社会发展。规划与建成的汉丰湖湿地，达成了上述目标，并成为愈加稳健功能多样的湿地生态系统。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6672026" data-w="622" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2obW15mic2BndpwTbTGXibYkXicWn0dr2gyDfN6C5w9uEsib1acrdkNXY5A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6672026" data-w="622" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2M4WHZHKzkhAibAINTLnRhYaNUxsjpTAUibtzSLenacwLEGqRKvY3sSng/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6653307" data-w="499" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2DSErJZNX8oQzqvzZ5tx3R2H4YFYdqOkBtAicMPeaibBlEIjK9HfuSgvA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.6653307" data-w="499" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2uAXWm6cayQMwY5mxUPjUWC18a17ItsJa5xx7NVrX28Dw5zusjKQPNA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十四、重庆开州汉丰湖消落带湿地系统（来自于国家湿地公园创先联盟）</em></strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以上两个案例，都可算从“盆景化”城市景观营造，到城市湿地的培育与维持的示例，为较大空间尺度的城市理水提供借鉴与思路。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="color: rgb(56, 56, 56);font-size: 35px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-shadow: rgb(171, 224, 225) 3.83022px 3.21394px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">06</strong></em></span></p></section></section><section style="margin: -5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/B7l5ULM75vq1fceCapBXibIrDpjCUTWcMaoEl0a6tibcDas4pvArrPoyMNaJ5n21Pic35IbMjQOgWDicBTwwccLIcw/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">结语：美好的愿景与现实的困境</strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">海绵城市、城市湿地、水生态系统、水敏性城市、雨洪管理……每一个词语都表达了城市对于理水用水的美好愿景。致力于达成这样的愿景，必须正视现实困境。包括但不仅限于以下所列：</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(90, 195, 211);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin: -2em 0px 0px 0.5em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">困境之一：谁有能力面对挑战承担重任？</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以下为若干院校风景园林本科主干课程，以供思考专业教育是否足以面对挑战。目前来看，传统意义上的风景园林专业人士似乎不足以承担水景设计向生态功能提升的重任。务必要与生态学、地理学、城市规划、市政工程等多学科协作而实现。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.1722222" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2yeSm0SqOpgss3o55vNKHgn3EQWXRx9IBTo376pQPGd3bYMNeKqKFTw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.1472222" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2lIhySP8yNBKhqia0FSF55JicPyEvhxzqLG37llyw5NKpjWw3q7GrXF9Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.2259259" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2VgVf0sJmWsRKoibiakFtDibrpjKWVEicIungjKzeskFTZNbbtiaDuVSPmicA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十五、风景园林本科主干课程</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(90, 195, 211);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin: -2em 0px 0px 0.5em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">困境之二：方案实施效果之评定</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在国家全面推进海绵城市建设之前，笔者对海绵城市的思路和理念充满期待。而全面推进之后，全国各个城市均纷纷响应中，快速建设，不乏成功案例见报。然而,海绵城市建设是一个多目标融合的表述，其方案应当审慎且因地制宜地制定，项目的实施与效果的评定更不是一时半刻三年两年可以呈现的。因此，有关城市理水相关方案实施效果评定，尚需耐心和细致，以免“漂绿”倾向的出现。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.475" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2FglKpO9xoewHBGakkKNl9s2pmt0U5NaQhFLibwaURQz9bdUtxCmkssQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图十六、国家住建部海绵城市建设专题页面</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(90, 195, 211);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin: -2em 0px 0px 0.5em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">困境之三：城市水环境的可持续，应当由每个人的参与而实现</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一方面，水资源与水环境的现实不容乐观。另一方面，水污染事件屡禁不绝。为实现城市水环境的可持续，城市管理者的重视，专业人士的价值取向、视野、合作以及专业能力，甚至我们每个人的参与都至关重要。作为庞大生态系统中的行动者之一，人人都需要知晓，爱护水环境，不是善举，而是维生之必需。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="margin: 20px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;transform: translate3d(75px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(75px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(75px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(75px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 150px;height: 150px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(171, 220, 200, 0.4) 10%, rgba(3, 150, 255, 0.4) 100%);border-radius: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgba(118, 178, 124, 0);padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: right;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(33, 54, 81);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者</p></section><section style="text-align: right;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(33, 54, 81);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与注释</p></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 45px;height: 150px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 150px;height: 200px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 66px;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;width: 1.5em;height: 3em;border-radius: 0px 3em 3em 0px;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: cover;border-width: 0px;background-image: url("http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/XjY34Na7iaicsUADQ9yaPf0qKxVTibXpicybJViaGWnKVhnm6u0FTKgqVbdjibEicqkVUjjdmZfp5Cx8SYAmKUKHT70tw/640?wx_fmt=png");"><section style="height: 100%;overflow: hidden;line-height: 0;vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.0269608" data-w="816" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/XjY34Na7iaicsUADQ9yaPf0qKxVTibXpicybJViaGWnKVhnm6u0FTKgqVbdjibEicqkVUjjdmZfp5Cx8SYAmKUKHT70tw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;opacity: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者信息：</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">相欣奕，市政工程博士，国家注册城乡规划师，西南大学地理科学学院教师。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">张美华，生态经济学博士，西南大学地理科学学院教师。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">李亚枝，人文地理硕士生在读，中山大学地理科学与规划学院。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">注释：</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文刊发于同济大学出版社出版发行的《理想空间》第81期（页码10-15），2019年5月第1版，期刊主题为“湿地规划与设计”。经《理想空间》编辑部同意，由作者投稿到一览众山小公众号推送。由李亚枝对原文进行删减，所用图片与期刊版本略有不同。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.4990741" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2EibQomd6MMeQlsa5YkmlEs8Q18dL0X6bGKjzvaicv3kzY1Mh4pjMSN2A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 40%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(237, 194, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="text-align: left;margin: -30px 0% 0px;transform: translate3d(30px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(30px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(30px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(30px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 65%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3427136" data-w="995" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2bVTg46iaO1eZDxVj9gMep9DDMxdjjk8EhX4icbYpicaKKcFaOibWDVOvhQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: right;margin: -30px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70%;vertical-align: top;border-top: 5px solid rgb(237, 194, 113);border-top-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: left;transform: translate3d(17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(17px, 0px, 0px);margin: -122px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 10%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(237, 194, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 70%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 85%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1.0234604" data-w="682" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz2LRV6PQI1K9h5pmFfzU9XocHaYbh5bBfu0V48e7icJHFZ8s8Pn6wfkVg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 85%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="1" data-w="500" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz22WpicVTqgicUicrv8lWAhAVokEkIG11FFQRs5m2MYrIB6XzkhdoePAFicg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-70557-1536724153639" style="font-size: 22px;color: rgb(62, 63, 58);letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: right;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;">—  ABOUT US<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></strong></p></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 80%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们作为独立的专业志愿者团体，秉承专业理想与价值观，不依托任何机构，信守非盈利原则，帮助中国城市可持续发展。我们关注的领域包括但不限于：城市规划与发展战略、城市交通、公共交通与非机动化出行、活力街区、街道与城市设计、量化城市与大数据。至今我们已经拥有遍布全球近380名志愿者网络，并推送1700篇专业微文。作为微信公众号平台最大的线上专业志愿者平台，我们感谢您对我们的关注和支持，并欢迎加入我们！</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">-</strong></p></section><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-71749-1534493157832" style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(93, 91, 91);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 3px;padding: 0px 30px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;">更多内容</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;box-sizing: border-box;">请戳一戳</span></strong></p></section></section><section style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0% 30px;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;width: 13%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5982533" data-w="458" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/qjlkpr57VZxRXYX3BAee90IW25vXLec5J39x4f1ibWyRslftzYlib4yicYjt8tHUsxric4rNaIIDhqQsT1WmkoJnJg/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="gif"  /></section></section><section style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 50%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(216, 216, 216) 10px 17.3205px 20px;border-style: solid;border-width: 5px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 15px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 84%;border-style: none;border-width: 5px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(178, 178, 178) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9185185" data-w="1080" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tiaic7alJL9BVqlSiazChib1WEz27nn9Kv2AZZAUHiaIaOd4EQicjE1QK7uXicl6TbBGV94qW91ZbEpVVMZnw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" data-type="jpeg"  /></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section><section class="tn-yzk-fuid-text-35483-1534493050647" style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">微博：</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;">https://weibo.com/</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">2014-2019 ? 转载请注明：</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);box-sizing: border-box;">转载自公众号“”</span></p></section></section>
                <br />