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<img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.66640625" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjwiaPHlxfJIt79Yc405MJY6nedIQLzQcheRPG5MeLZfXbPSCzexZDCc53FxfEfTzXiahc3C0xdT3Xw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="" />图片源自网络。城市空间“扩张”（量的增长）与“发展”（质的提升）的关系是研究面对的一个基本理论问题。学术界对此有过长期的启发式质性探讨，但获得的可靠理论模型与定量依据有限。本刊2019年第2期刊登的清华大学建筑学院博士研究生郭磊贤的论文《空间过密化与反过密化——中国大城市空间演化的一个解释框架及初步验证》，是加深对这一理论问题认识的一次研究尝试。来自经济史学界的长期研究提供了对经济社会系统量-质关系演化的基础理论。这些理论成果认为，在一定的社会生产力条件下，一些高密度社会系统呈现边际经济产出随人口增长而下降的基本规律，黄宗智（1992）将其称为“过密化”。直到生产技术、社会组织方式等条件出现根本变化，社会系统才得以突破过密化状态。<img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.6793650793650794" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjwiaPHlxfJIt79Yc405MJY6r9glY3WXaL7eX9CjicY009nw3Sy4jCdaviaBU7DGJDmUKibeHakYyfweA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="945" style="" /><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图  基于农业生产的经济社会系统过密化理论模型<p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Theoretical model of the involution of agricultural production-based socio-economic system 以经济社会系统的过密化-反过密化为理论原型，基于城市开发的一般微观机制，论文以城市公共资源的物质空间积累——即基础设施来替代原理论中的经济产出要素，提出大城市空间“扩张”中基础设施边际供给随人口递减的“空间过密化”假设，以及大城市空间“发展”、基础设施供给突破边际递减趋势的“空间反过密化”路径。<img class="" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.35" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjwiaPHlxfJIt79Yc405MJY6R5Nwe4ePe2Oa4vHaKRpYNCwibibVMgI5EduDzkrLR1RF15Am6kITqpAA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="" /><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图  基于农业生产的经济社会系统过密化理论模型<p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Theoretical model of the involution of agricultural production-based socio-economic system <img class="" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.496875" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjwiaPHlxfJIt79Yc405MJY60FqicIeczRlcHib2BIyClE4QZCibjjrkRtmsloOVmp2XhA7UKOMYE43aQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="" /><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图  考虑拆改成本，则基础设施随人口增长将呈现边际供给递减的曲线形态<p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Considering the cost of demolition and reconstruction, the increase of infrastructural supply based on population growth will show a curve of marginal decline<img class="" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.3515625" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjwiaPHlxfJIt79Yc405MJY6ctOS1dCJqg2QibpSxGAUqwy3RgzboibKwM0C55HBk9p8VRPQHciaRDd3Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="" /><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图  寻求反过密化空间发展的理论路径，左：人口疏解，右：在进一步加密中补充设施<p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 25px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Theoretical paths to spatial de-involution, including population relocation (left) and the replenishment of infrastructure in the process of further densification (right)以此为理论前提，选取上海中心城区、深圳关内地区的人口-基础设施历史演化为实证，论文发现，中国大城市在城市现代化发展过程中曾经历若干轮“空间过密化”，并又通过“疏解”（上海中心城区）和“就地更新”（深圳关内地区）两类路径实现空间反过密化。<img class="" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.7154953429297206" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjwiaPHlxfJIt79Yc405MJY6LPBAGPo0Ok7jEKZLnlGgpcfbDm5rLLfXrP5xDEpOKAtvg5D4yuq77w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1181" style="" /><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图  中国大城市空间过密化(内卷化)的一般过程机制<p style="margin-bottom: 25px;white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">General mechanism of the spatial involution of China’s large cities<img class="" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.46328125" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/SdNVtxmtcRjwiaPHlxfJIt79Yc405MJY6N6JG4HbUacJoDsS2uLhicldeeHORyDlhQgFicufZxstHrguibE4xKtNmA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="" /><p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">▲<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 15px;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> 图  中国大城市空间发展反过密化的两类基本路径，左：人口疏解，右：扩大公共资源<p style="white-space: normal;max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 25px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Fig <span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">Two basic paths of spatial de-involution in China’s large cities, including population relocation (left) and increasing public resources (right)中国大城市的空间“扩张”与“发展”呈现随一定政治经济周期而节奏性交替的特点，其中“扩张”进程遵循边际规律，“发展”进程则因建设策略而异。论文为解释中国大城市空间发展的过程机理提供了一种可供定量验证的理论框架。 <section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin-top: -1em;padding: 20px 10px 10px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(243, 243, 243);background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: justify;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">撰稿：郭磊贤。 本文为中国学会第八届“求是理论论坛”（学生组）获奖论文。全文见《》2019年第2期P59-66。</section></section></section></section></section></section></section> <hr style="max-width: 100%;border-style: solid;border-right-width: 0px;border-bottom-width: 0px;border-left-width: 0px;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);transform-origin: 0px 0px;transform: scale(1, 0.5);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" />欢迎在朋友圈转发，转载请在后台留言<hr style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-style: solid;border-right-width: 0px;border-bottom-width: 0px;border-left-width: 0px;border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);transform-origin: 0px 0px;transform: scale(1, 0.5);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" /><p style="margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 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