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<p><span style="color: rgb(122, 68, 66);"><strong>本文授权转自青岛规划研究（ID：qdbyzx），欢迎关注！</strong></span></p><section data-role="outer" label="Powered by gulangu" style="font-size: 16px;"><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="94209" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;" data-color="#c2c92a" data-custom="#c2c92a"><section style="padding: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin-bottom: -34px;"><section style="display: inline-block;"><section style="height: 0px;width: 0px;border-top: 6px solid transparent;border-right: 10px solid rgb(194, 201, 42);border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: flex;justify-content:center;align-items: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;background: rgb(194, 201, 42);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 4px 10px 4px 14px;box-sizing: border-box;">导读</section><section style="height: 0px;width: 0px;border-top: 33px solid transparent;border-left: 10px solid rgb(194, 201, 42);border-bottom: 0px solid transparent;z-index: 999;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 95%;margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;" data-width="95%"><section style="box-shadow: #d5d5d5 0px 0px 6px 0px;"><section><section data-autoskip="1" class="135brush" style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;line-height: 1.75em;padding: 2.5em 1em 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"">我国幅员辽阔，必定要建立多尺度空间和多行政层级的国土空间规划体系，不同层级的土地利用分类精度需求各不相同，针对土地利用现状调查分类和土地利用规划分类的要求也不尽相同。本文基于青岛市“多规合一”工作的思考探索，从市域国土空间规划视角出发，根据该层级的工作重点和需求，试图构建一套覆盖海陆全域的土地利用分类体系方案，以期为我国沿海城市编制国土空间规划提供有益思路。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><br  /></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85983" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="min-height: 1em;white-space: normal;line-height: 1.6;font-size: 11px;text-align: center;"><strong><span data-txtless="spin" data-txtlessp="120" style="color:#e49dac;">◆ </span> <span style="color: #fad3ac;">◆ </span> <span data-txtless="spin" data-txtlessp="-120" style="color:#ffe9ea;">◆  <span data-txtless="spin" data-txtlessp="120" style="color:#7986af;">◆ </span> <span style="color:#11a3d7;">◆ </span> </span></strong></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;" data-color="#80b135" data-custom="#80b135"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221);margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;border-top-color: rgb(128, 177, 53);border-left-color: rgb(128, 177, 53);border-right-color: rgb(128, 177, 53);"><p style="padding-right: 5px;padding-bottom: 6px;padding-left: 5px;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(128, 177, 53);display: inline-block;margin-bottom: -1px;line-height: 1.1;font-size: 18px;border-top-color: rgb(128, 177, 53);border-left-color: rgb(128, 177, 53);border-right-color: rgb(128, 177, 53);margin-top: 25px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>我国土地利用分类体系的发展历程</strong></span></p></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="">建国初期，我国土地利用分类工作发展缓慢，改革开放以前几乎没有正式颁布使用的分类体系。直到20世纪80年代，土地管理部门才颁布了较统一的分类。从改革开放至今，国家机构数次改革，全国上下经历了三轮土地利用规划和城市总体规划的编制，完成了两次全国土地调查、一次全国地理国情普查、六次全国森林资源清查、两次全国湿地资源调查。与之相对应的各个阶段，各部门也出台了一系列土地利用分类体系。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;"><img class="" data-croporisrc="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy50d48bRmY41j1JcTPKOoXkgeogcEMF9icbI7DTExBwMCMEvCQQsT5oyQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-cropx1="0" data-cropx2="962.3076923076924" data-cropy1="0" data-cropy2="669.8076923076924" data-ratio="0.6964656964656964" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5F1ZOfRlEbsDPSpPQibvUsgDKib5zWSI1z6fPfULgPgFpJNMo3P9LzibkA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="962" style="caret-color: red;width: 556px;height: 387px;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;font-size: 15px;font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"">在自然资源部成立之前，由于我国空间资源分配和发展权管制分属各个部门，因此我国土地利用分类体系的制定和实施也涉及众多部门，主要有国土部门、住建部门、林业部门、海洋部门、测绘部门、农业部门、发改部门和环保部门。按地类体系划分，主要分为城乡规划地类体系、土地利用地类体系和其他部门地类体系三种。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: 微软雅黑, "Microsoft YaHei"">除此之外，中国科学院地理研究所从1980年代至今持续进行土地自然类型调查和制图，建立了中国土地资源分类系统。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;text-align: center;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="368" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="617" data-ratio="1.6790490341753344" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5h3TzHZeziaMah2GDEV1KGuRcpCyvr1EPN0UicyJFD9EH6OJlRedXd80g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="673" style="width: 368px;height: 618px;"  /></p><section data-role="paragraph" class="_135editor" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516" data-color="#3d8ed1" data-custom="#3d8ed1" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;"><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd;margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;border-top-color: #3d8ed1;border-left-color: #3d8ed1;border-right-color: #3d8ed1;"><p style="padding-right: 5px;padding-bottom: 6px;padding-left: 5px;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(61, 142, 209);display: inline-block;margin-bottom: -1px;line-height: 1.1;font-size: 18px;border-top-color: rgb(61, 142, 209);border-left-color: rgb(61, 142, 209);border-right-color: rgb(61, 142, 209);margin-top: 25px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>差异比较与问题分析</strong></span></p></section></section><p><br  /></p></section><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85988" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;" data-color="#3d8ed1" data-custom="#3d8ed1"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;border-width: initial;border-style: none;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: -2px;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: bold;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.7;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.5;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.3;font-family: 宋体;">></span></section><section style="margin-left: 10px;color: rgb(61, 142, 209);display: inline-block;"><p class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="color: inherit;"><strong><span style="">01 </span></strong><span style=""> <strong>土地利用地类体系</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">针对全国、全域的土地利用现状调查与规划分类标准，在成立国土部门之前，由中科院做过系列调研，全国农业区划委员会为第一次全国土地调查制定过技术规程。国土部门成立之后，近20年更新了数次。分类标准主要分为现状调查标准和规划标准两大类，规划分类始终按照《土地管理法》的要求分为三大类（农用地、建设用地、未利用地），现状调查及土地变更管理采用的分类虽然未归纳为三大类，但在逻辑上基本一致。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="2" data-cropselx2="554" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="156" data-ratio="0.2359375" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5duTka7OaD5IVh2aSl0JibpB9ZFP9ED1YaQ1lxibEl4UPYdJI6NIco0gg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="text-indent: 2em;caret-color: red;width: 556px;height: 131px;"  /></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85988" data-color="#3d8ed1" data-custom="#3d8ed1" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;border-width: initial;border-style: none;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: -2px;display: inline-block;"><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: bold;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.7;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.5;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.3;font-family: 宋体;">></span></section><section style="margin-left: 10px;color: rgb(61, 142, 209);display: inline-block;"><p class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="color: inherit;"><span style=""><strong>02 </strong> <strong>城乡规划地类体系</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-top: 15px;"><span style="">1961年建工部组织清华大学等四校，共同编写了新中国成立后的第一部教材《城乡规划》，将城市用地分为工业用地、生活居住用地、对外交通用地等8大类，形成了科学系统的土地利用分类的萌芽。在城市用地分类上，1990年第一部《城市规划法》的颁布，制定了《城市用地分类与规划建设用地标准》，并于2011年修订，于2018年再次修订（尚未正式发布）。这50多年来，城市用地分类基本没有较大的变动，主要变化在于个别地类的拆分与合并。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-top: 15px;text-indent: 0em;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="1" data-cropselx2="554" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="189" data-ratio="0.340625" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy54UicuUBwxUiapUYibr4DN1wfMQYtKEuVR6xLo3nvAcLicI2E08posuXbhw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="text-indent: 2em;caret-color: red;width: 555px;height: 189px;"  /></p><p style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-top: 15px;text-indent: 0em;text-align: center;margin-bottom: 15px;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="553" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="217" data-ratio="0.3921875" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5icvRJGDB4Mib4AsiakYvYbz92kL2bupVtJZTn4rBeFgXrU8EIKATOnz1A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="width: 553px;height: 217px;"  /></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85988" data-color="#3d8ed1" data-custom="#3d8ed1" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;border-width: initial;border-style: none;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: -2px;display: inline-block;"><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: bold;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.7;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.5;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.3;font-family: 宋体;">></span></section><section style="margin-left: 10px;color: rgb(61, 142, 209);display: inline-block;"><p class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="color: inherit;"><span style=""><strong>03 </strong> <strong>其他地类体系</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style="margin-top: 15px;text-indent: 2em;margin-bottom: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="">除以上城乡建设用地外，国土部门对耕地、园地、林地、草地、湿地/水域、未利用地/其他土地这些地类均采用与主管行业部门不尽相同的方式进行细分，并一直处于变化状态；而中科院的土地资源分类系统和原国家测绘局开展地理国情普查采用的分类均自成一体，互不相同。概括来说，国土部门重自然属性，主管行业部门重社会和经济属性，中科院重覆盖程度，地理国情过度重视自然属性。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="553" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="261" data-ratio="0.47265625" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5WSqwFAK6xJlvvh9MfnWyXicqicAl8e5Osic0yg87YuialVwze1OGfVUUfA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="text-align: center;caret-color: red;text-indent: 2em;width: 553px;height: 261px;"  /></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85988" data-color="#3d8ed1" data-custom="#3d8ed1" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;border-width: initial;border-style: none;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: -2px;display: inline-block;"><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: bold;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.7;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.5;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #3D8ED1;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.3;font-family: 宋体;">></span></section><section style="margin-left: 10px;color: rgb(61, 142, 209);display: inline-block;"><p class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="color: inherit;"><span style=""><strong>04 </strong> <strong>存在问题</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-top: 15px;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">①<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;font-stretch: normal;line-height: normal;"> </span>土地利用规划分类的研究存在不足</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">②<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;font-stretch: normal;line-height: normal;"> </span>分类出发点以部门自我为中心，归类逻辑混乱</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">③ 关注建设用地和农用地，缺乏对生态用地的整体考虑</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">④ 耕地、园地、林地、草地、湿地等地类的含义和边界模糊</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="">⑤ 城市建设用地方面，各层级规划采用统一的单一树状结构分类导致规划传导问题</span></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="86516" data-color="#e36a6c" data-custom="#e36a6c" style="font-size: 16px;white-space: normal;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: auto;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221);border-top-color: rgb(227, 106, 108);border-left-color: rgb(227, 106, 108);border-right-color: rgb(227, 106, 108);"><p style="margin-top: 25px;margin-bottom: -1px;padding-right: 5px;padding-bottom: 6px;padding-left: 5px;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(227, 106, 108);display: inline-block;line-height: 1.1;font-size: 18px;border-top-color: rgb(227, 106, 108);border-left-color: rgb(227, 106, 108);border-right-color: rgb(227, 106, 108);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong>基于市域国土空间规划的土地利用分类体系构建思路</strong></span></p></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 5px;"><br  /></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85988" data-color="#e27961" data-custom="#e27961" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;border-width: initial;border-style: none;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: -2px;display: inline-block;"><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: bold;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.7;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.5;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.3;font-family: 宋体;">></span></section><section style="margin-left: 10px;color: #e27961;display: inline-block;"><p class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="color: inherit;"><span style=""><strong>01 </strong> <strong>市域国土空间规划的工作重点</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">市域国土空间规划的重点是落实国家、省级规划的目标任务要求并向下分解，把握好不同区域、不同阶段的城市发展特征要求，明确自身内部的国土空间资源配置和发展方向，调整和优化城市空间开发格局。因此，构建蕴含“底线思维”、有利于“自然资源监管”和“国土空间资源配置”的土地利用分类体系，将通过国土空间用途管制对市域国土空间规划起到重要的支撑作用。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="1" data-cropselx2="554" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="165" data-ratio="0.29765625" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5pQgLiaqnvbDvAB1gOJFnt5Uf9zonPLCayv3W8kxJQMDgAndIg4xNYcw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="width: 554px;height: 165px;"  /></span></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85988" data-color="#e27961" data-custom="#e27961" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;border-width: initial;border-style: none;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: -2px;display: inline-block;"><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: bold;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.7;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.5;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.3;font-family: 宋体;">></span></section><section style="margin-left: 10px;color: #e27961;display: inline-block;"><p class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="color: inherit;"><span style=""><strong>02 </strong> <strong>构建思路</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-top: 15px;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">① 以陆海统筹、城乡统筹为目标</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">我国作为一个海岸线绵长、海域广阔的国家，东部沿海城市均为发达、较发达地区，土地利用分类应当将海洋领土的利用与保护放在与陆地同样重要的位置，对海洋的利用分类兼顾使用和保护；同时应当避免原国土部门“只重耕地”和住建部门“重城市、轻农村”、“重建设，轻非建”的固化思维，将全域的每一寸土地进行整体考虑，既要避免无主管理，又要避免多头管理，所有地类的概念和内涵解释清晰。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">② 以与现有分类有序衔接为主要手段</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">原国土部门、住建部门等的分类体系经过数十年的推敲打磨，已被普遍接受和熟练应用，市域国土空间规划的分类体系应尽可能充分的衔接现有主要分类体系，降低转换成本，提高可接受程度和可操作性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">③ 以可传导空间管控和发展引导要求为落脚点</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="">在<span style="color: rgb(217, 150, 148);"><strong>空间管控</strong></span>方面可效仿“基本农田、一般农田”的划定方法，突出二级管控级别，将耕地、园地、林地、草地、湿地等明确需要管控的资源从地类上区分为基本和一般，对“基本林地”“基本草地”“基本湿地”等重点要素实行静态划界并进行边界刚性管控（同时可引入动态占补平衡机制保证其弹性）；在<span style="color: rgb(217, 150, 148);"><strong>发展引导</strong></span>方面可借鉴近两年获批或进行试点的市域空间（城市总体）规划的地类经验，即主导功能区等类似概念。</span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 15px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.31484375" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5mU17wZWVabULQpYmLlyXEG1HMGb0atuHvr5ZOnAPSp2ovt3iaXibsAEg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style=""></span><br  /></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85988" data-color="#e27961" data-custom="#e27961" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;border-width: initial;border-style: none;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: -2px;display: inline-block;"><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: bold;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.7;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.5;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.3;font-family: 宋体;">></span></section><section style="margin-left: 10px;color: #e27961;display: inline-block;"><p class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="color: inherit;"><span style=""><strong>03 </strong> <strong>分类体系方案</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">本文构建的适用于市域国土空间规划的土地利用分类体系系统方案为“5+22+66”。具体包括5个一级类（农用地、生态用地、建设用地、使用用海、保护用海），22个二级类，66个三级类。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px;text-align: center;margin-bottom: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="553" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="270" data-ratio="0.48828125" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5MydCKhAdtia70IxPFnyARDib9B7BVa6Gk3dOB2ibiag15wmeQPM477RSGQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="width: 553px;height: 270px;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">具体解释：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">① 用海分类为体现国土空间规划的指导性和约束性并存，将其拆分为使用用海和保护用海两大类。使用用海基本沿用《海域使用分类》，保护用海的类型依据《省级海洋功能区划编制技术要求》、《海洋特别保护区分类分级标准》等进行一定细化。在划定海陆分界线之后，用海分类与用地分类应以此为界，互不重叠。海岛作为海域范围内的陆地有其特殊性，但不宜单独分类，有居民海岛可直接采用陆域分类体系，无居民海岛采用海域分类体系；城镇建设填海造地用海也应采用陆域分类体系。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">② 农用地主要对应土地的农业生产功能，其中耕地和园地对应可食用农作物的种植生产功能，生产林地对应木材、薪材、林副特产品的生产功能，生产草地对应畜牧业生产功能，其他农用地囊括了其余直接用于农业生产的土地。按照“耕、园、林、草”的优先次序，将耕作层是否破坏作为耕地和园地的重要分界；将经济林木是否集约经营作为生产林地和园地的重要分界。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">③ 生态用地主要对应土地的生态保育功能，将林地、湿地、草地中具有生产属性的内容剥离之后，剩余的均应归入生态用地，其余不利用或无法利用、保留原有性状的土地也应归入。沼泽地类中，由于森林沼泽的主要意义在于森林覆盖，其他沼泽例如灌丛、草本、苔藓沼泽等对维护生物多样性的价值更大，因此森林沼泽归入生态林地，其他沼泽统一归入生态湿地。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">④ 建设用地主要对应土地的第二、第三产业生产功能和人居空间，重点镇、发展条件较好的镇、与城市建设用地连绵成片的镇应采用主导功能区的分类方式。一般镇、发展条件一般的镇、独立于城市建设用地以外的镇、乡直接归纳为“镇乡集中建设区”。待深入研究区是指城镇开发边界以内、规划期内尚未明确具体用途的区域；战略预留区是指城镇开发边界以内作为预留的有条件建设区域。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="">农用地、生态用地、建设用地的具体含义如下表所示：</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;text-align: center;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="556" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="393" data-ratio="0.69453125" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy534BBMFtZuoJ5CZXMQPfXHIeUKfJQXzf2iawCp4UCn3OApUT8I0nRwcQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style="width: 556px;height: 386px;"  /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;text-align: center;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="556" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="335" data-ratio="0.6401639344262295" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5CNmCxMzaTJj8D9bic53dyEe5h9JPrj64NHuibnc7YOD43SSWcPKEF5vg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1220" style="width: 556px;height: 356px;"  /></p><p style="margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;line-height: 1.75em;text-indent: 0em;text-align: center;"><img class="" data-copyright="0" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="556" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="426" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy53hsc6sYh1nAqst2mCVOZMwwTu746wbyBys637NTicQ7xSq4gYF1MNeg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" style="width: 556px;height: 448px;" data-ratio="0.8065217391304348" data-w="920"  /></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="85988" data-color="#e27961" data-custom="#e27961" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;border-width: initial;border-style: none;border-color: initial;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: -2px;display: inline-block;"><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: bold;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.7;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.5;font-family: 宋体;">></span><span style="color: #e27961;font-weight: 700;opacity: 0.3;font-family: 宋体;">></span></section><section style="margin-left: 10px;color: #e27961;display: inline-block;"><p class="135brush" data-brushtype="text" style="color: inherit;"><span style=""><strong>04 </strong> <strong>结语</strong></span></p></section></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;caret-color: red;">我国幅员辽阔，行政层级多，地理分异因素多，因此本分类方案紧紧立足于市域国土空间的用途管控和发展引导，仅采用三级分类，可因地制宜向下细分；城乡建设用地的三级类可按城市特色和需求进行增减，给地市级的国土空间规划编制预留一定的灵活性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;caret-color: red;"><br  /></span></p><section class="_135editor" data-tools="gulangu" data-id="93948" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;" data-width="100%"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: flex-end;"><section style="width:6em;"><img class="" data-ratio="0.22556390977443608" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5q5AsSxsPgArfkeibya9TfhYSUHzCcXPWic2O6pWHDuSFgiaWYulklJTzg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="133" data-width="100%" style="width:100%;display: block;"  /></section><section style="width: 100%;height: 1px;background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, #de907f, #fdf9f9);color: #ffffff;" data-width="100%"></section></section><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: normal;margin-top: 15px;"><span style="line-height: 18px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: 黑体, SimHei;font-size: 12px;">个人简介：周琳（1987- ），女，江苏，城市规划硕士，国家注册城乡规划师。现就职于青岛市城市规划设计研究院，城乡规划编制研究中心工程师。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-bottom: 5px;line-height: normal;margin-top: 5px;"><span style="line-height: 18px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: 黑体, SimHei;font-size: 12px;">第一部分整理工作因时间和部门跨度较大，知识水平有限，如有疏漏和</span><span style="line-height: 18px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: 黑体, SimHei;font-size: 12px;">不当之处，欢迎指出，邮箱119424107@qq.com。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-top: 5px;line-height: normal;margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="line-height: 18px;letter-spacing: 0px;font-family: 黑体, SimHei;font-size: 12px;">原文被收录在《2018年中国土地学会学术年会论文集》并在《分会场八：新时代国土空间规划创新</span><span style="font-family: 黑体, SimHei;font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 2em;caret-color: red;">》作报告，本文根据原文及报告内容整理，参考文献不在此列出。</span></p><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: flex-start;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 1px;background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, #de907f, #fdf9f9);color: #ffffff;" data-width="100%"></section><section style="width:6em;"><img class="" data-ratio="0.13740458015267176" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ULpBSMbLm0OFk0FqhHJ7khSu60mqdicy5GH3tpPK0wpEEbia1Id5dibXCicDt8PLzXr6SUf6pF1S5pWZEnvHL5xoMA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="131" data-width="100%" style="width: 100%;display: block;"  /></section></section></section></section><p style="line-height:150%;"><br  /></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 15px;"><img class="rich_pages" data-copyright="0" data-ratio="0.5453125" data-s="300,640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ULpBSMbLm0Pk5XKvic4Yg5yTYy6DpOjbeTwxKbNBp66RVjGMzu8ycCiaQXeXf1Z130ugfl0jvKmC1ibCrsn6expBQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" style=""  /></p><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-align: left;font-family: 微软雅黑;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="padding: 15px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;width: 502.358px;vertical-align: top;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(197, 226, 224);border-radius: 5px;background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TbfTDrSBmDOIic7apQoPHAh15cLWCHzSyu0QL7m4BJKqtoYkYic7JJ3rCYUtmmJ6XNj0IiaurTa12eDibKNFIGoRicg/640?wx_fmt=png");background-attachment: scroll;background-size: 107.589%;background-position: 233.929% 1.8202%;background-repeat: repeat;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 23.2727px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">来源：青岛规划研究</span></span></p></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 23.2727px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;height: 1px;background-color: rgb(32, 84, 156);word-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: 23.2727px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;">新媒体编辑：肖莉</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;">审读：刘芳</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-align: left;font-family: 微软雅黑;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">声明：</span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">本文来源：</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 25.6px;color: rgb(122, 68, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);line-height: 25.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">授权转自</span><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">青岛规划研究</span><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">（ID：</span>qdbyzx<span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">）</span></span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">，版权归原作者所有，如需转载</span><strong style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 25.6px;color: rgb(122, 68, 66);box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);line-height: 25.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">请联系原公众号</span></strong></span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">。</span></span></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%;min-height: 1em;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;color: rgb(123, 12, 0);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;">《规划师》杂志社微信公众订阅号（ID：）为非盈利新媒体平台，所有转发的非原创图文来源于互联网及新媒体渠道，如果所转发图文作者或其他版权所有人认为违反了您的权益，请告知我们，我们会在24小时内删除。</span></strong></p><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 111.634px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" 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src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mgdpSVByt1ldJIZJtWjGDpclte0e9YI7eCFFxgFhia03tsJh0bSKzgQDkNq7AC5teW1RKfd8DOjedA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 300px !important;"  /></p></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="margin-bottom: 4px;padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;">《规划师》杂志社                                               </p></section><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 290px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;">地址：广西南宁市青秀区月湾路1号南国弈园6楼<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;">邮编：530029</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;">邮箱：planner@21cn.net</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;">网址：www.planners.com.cn</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;">电话：0771-2438012</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;clear: none;min-height: 1em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 17px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(132, 81, 21);word-wrap: break-word !important;">传真：0771-2436269</span></p><p><br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 15px;"><br  /></p></section>
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