国匠城工作台

当前：新闻编辑 | 格式化工具 | 查看本文

标题

分类

（编号：1116）

链接

作者

时间

政策

省

市

年

月

直播

主办：
协办：
时间：
会议室：
直播链接：

/h1

/h2

strong

/strong

<br />

<section style="line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1.5px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: dotted;border-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);padding: 3px 10px 3px 5px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(160, 160, 160) 0px 0px 0px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 35%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 80%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXSic9CBA8dpJic1ms1RjiccKO3qY3aq1DxiaPF6bufQcXib1HIvpJJodibweQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 65%;box-shadow: rgb(160, 160, 160) 0px 0px 0px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 5px;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">ID:</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 68.3688%;background-attachment: scroll;padding: 15px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXMSmn0rX05vL4tvwsWIY0tLm0nHIAvo77pA5u42gbr9lRQkjn4qm5ug/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;background-color: rgba(41, 112, 36, 0.21);box-sizing: border-box;">乡村在振兴，小城镇的发展似乎有些无人问津的意味，十分尴尬。今天的文章是作者在江苏省的实践与思考中写下的，对现下小城镇发展的“疑惑”与“解决之道”，欢迎大家在留言区共同探讨！</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇发展动力的基本要素是资源、区位和政策，全球化背景下，随着现代通讯技术和交通网络的完善，生产和消费水平的日益升级，巨大的区域经济发展水平差异，直接决定了小城镇发展环境和动力的巨大差异，<span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇发展呈现明显的地区和类型的差异，小城镇内部已经产生了巨大的分化。</strong></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXZdgTqvm6IWnFhCgej2gYd4CibCEuZ9KbgZnZTNPNu4WZolwjfCmkKzQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1024" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">截至2016年末，我国共有建制镇20883个，除去纳入城市、县城统计的城关镇外，我国小城镇数量约为1.81万个，常住人口1.62亿，约占全国城镇人口的20.5%。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">从2005年党的十六届五中全会提出“社会主义新农村”建设开始，国家对乡村地区的发展越来越重视，“新农村”“美好乡村”“美丽乡村”“最美乡村”“特色田园乡村”概念等层出不穷，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">唯独绕开了小城镇。</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">虽然2015年之后“特色小镇”成为热点，但从国家发改委等4部委发布的<span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《关于规范推进特色小镇和特色小城镇建设的若干意见》可以看出，特色小镇与特色小城镇是完全不同的两个概念。</strong></span>直到十九大提出乡村振兴战略，乡村热度达到顶点，映衬了小城镇的冷遇。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Part.1</strong></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">分化：镇村<span style="background-color: rgb(237, 210, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">冷热不均</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXz1G3MUXeu4qFWY9qYrTibSpZgWV2pOzDSCs4qP0Kv9eLO0xaMR8VJlQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1024" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村“热”和小城镇“冷”有其内在的逻辑诱因，这与两者在国家战略中的地位和作用有一定关联。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</section></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴为什么热？</p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴上升到国家战略，是国家城镇化发展到一定阶段后系统解决三农问题的必由之路和必然选择。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴是解决三农问题的必由之路</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">农民、农业、农村问题始终是党和国家高度重视的问题，连续多年的中央1号文件均直面三农问题。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴战略是十九大做出的重大战略部署，列出了目标和时间表，是全局性、系统性解决三农问题的必由之路</span></strong>。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴是城镇化过程中的必然选择</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴是我国城镇化水平超过50%以后（2017年全国城镇化率58.5%，江苏省城镇化率68.8%）做出的重大战略选择。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">经过多年的工业化和城镇化进程，农村为城镇化提供了必要的劳动力和农产品，为城镇化做出了巨大的贡献。在城镇化进程进入到中后期，国家有能力也有责任反哺乡村，直面乡村衰落问题，实施乡村振兴战略。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴全面系统解决乡村这一基本“面”的问题</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">从空间尺度和覆盖面来看，如果广大的乡村地区是“面”，那么小城镇就是依附这一面域的“点”。乡村振兴正是着眼于乡村这一基本面，提高农民收入、改善农村人居环境，全面系统地解决乡村发展问题。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇遭受的冷遇</p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">处于城市和乡村之间的小城镇，一方面在与城市的资源竞争中处于下风，另一方面承担城乡之间“蓄水池”作用有限。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">等级管理忽略小城镇</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">基于我国等级化的城市管理体制，城市划分为直辖市、地级市和县级市。上一层级城市通过行政的方式调动资源，过多地把资源集中在大城市、特大城市，推动了大城市、特大城市发展，反而忽略了小城镇的发展。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇延续了等级化管理的模式。</span></strong>当前管理体制下，国家长期实行城市和镇分治，镇分为县城和其他镇，县城作为一种特殊类型的镇统一管理，但与其他小城镇完全处于不同的层级，资源支配能力不可相提并论，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">大量的财政资金、土地资源投向县城，小城镇的发展空间进一步受到压抑</span></strong>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">2016年，我国500万以上人口城市有16个（其中1000万以上人口的城市6个），建成区常住人口1.65亿人，而同期全国1.81万个小城镇建成区常住人口仅为1.62亿人，1544个县城建成区人口仅为1.45亿人。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">农村人口进城不进镇</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">费孝通先生提出的小城镇“蓄水池”的概念表明，理想的城镇化路径是，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">农村人口一部分进入城市，实现异地城镇化，另一部分则进入小城镇，实现本地城镇化</span></strong>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">根据<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">江苏省的实践</span></strong>，大量农村人口进入城市，但受制于房价、就业、社保等高门槛，难以真正落户大城市，而成为游荡于城乡之间的“候鸟”；另一方面，小城镇与县城相比，在公共服务和人居环境方面处于明显劣势，现代交通和通信技术又助长了“离土不离乡”，大量的乡村人口从事非农产业，但并不会离开乡村到小城镇居住，县城是农村人口进城的第二选择。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">政策下乡进村不过镇</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">为减少管理环节，避免小城镇对涉农政策执行偏差和资金的截留，当前中央等各级涉农资金和政策直接进村而不经过小城镇。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">对于传统农业服务型的小城镇来说，国家取消农业税直接导致镇级层面可用财力的大幅减少。国家有关三农扶持的政策也明确是直接落地农村，各项扶贫和补助资金直接进入农民账户，小城镇自身的资金支配能力难以得到有效提升。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Part.2</strong></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“惑”：乡村振兴凸显小城镇发展面临的<span style="background-color: rgb(237, 210, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">困境</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXcTJqgicWDibNRwn86QwibLDl7MsxpaY1IuF1RZGwszcJYA8z3ibHIMc9Sg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1024" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴是十九大确定的长期国家战略，随着乡村投入的逐步加大，小城镇资源配置能力进一步弱化，小城镇传统发展路径面临巨大的困惑。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</section></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴下小城镇传统发展路径迷失</p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在乡村振兴的新语境中，小城镇追逐工业化，一拥而上搞旅游，致力于“做大做强”，这些传统的发展路径面临挑战。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">工业化的惯性和产业转型的迟滞性</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴的核心是发展农业，发展路径相对清晰。</span></strong>大城市有科技创新的基础和强大的资本运作能力，可以做到创新驱动和产业转型，然而小城镇呢？<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">基于长期工业化主导下城镇化发展路径依赖，在当前行政考核机制下，江苏省小城镇普遍存在工业化路径惯性。江苏省土地开发强度达到21%，居全国各省（区）之首，接近土地开发强度的“天花板”，苏南地区几乎没有新增建设用地指标。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">然而，历史原因导致小城镇工业用地比例偏高，但受宏观经济环境影响，大量工业企业经营状况并不理想。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">产业转型背景下，小城镇资本运作能力限制，大量的闲置工业用地难以盘活周期偏长，存量土地闲置和新增土地供给不足长期困扰小城镇。</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">资源特色价值的理想与现实落差</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇资源禀赋和发展条件千差万别，《国家新型城镇化规划（2014—2020年）》明确指出，“有重点地发展小城镇，促进大中小城市和小城镇协调发展”。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">国家通过一系列小城镇荣誉称号评选倡导小城镇走特色发展道路：</span></strong>国家七部委联合公布全国重点镇名录，住建部和国家旅游局组织评选全国特色景观旅游名镇，住建部和国家文物局组织评选中国历史文化名镇，环保部组织评选全国环境优美乡镇。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">现实情况是，尽管区域发展经济环境和资源条件各不相同，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">但凡有一定自然山水资源和历史文化资源的小城镇，无一例外定位于旅游小城镇</span></strong>。虽然旅游产业发展是国家和地方政府着力发展的产业，即便具备良好的资源条件，在全域旅游格局中小城镇旅游发展用地布局缺乏必要的空间安排，此外旅游发展所需要的社会资本和管理能力也制约了小城镇发展。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">做大做强意愿和服务农村能力的差距</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在以GDP为主导的小城镇考核机制引导下，小城镇普遍存在“做大做强”的发展冲动，进而带来盲目追求工业化和规模扩张的倾向，但小城镇基本的为农服务能力却长期欠账。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">虽然部分小城镇规模已经是小城市的规模，镇区高楼林立，早已不是传统小城镇面貌和格局，但仍按照小城镇进行管理，管理人员和能力、土地资源配置、财税政策等均难以适应小城镇实际发展的需求。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">要想实现从小城镇向“城市”的转变，仍面临巨大瓶颈。</span></strong>扩权强镇是为经济发达小城镇松绑的重要举措，希望通过行政管理体制改革赋予小城镇更多的发展自主权，各地也进行了普遍的探索，浙江温州甚至提出<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">“镇级市”</span></strong>概念。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">从江苏省小城镇发展实践来看，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇向城市转变的根本，并不是要一味做大规模，而应着眼于小城镇环境品质和服务能力的提升</span></strong>，但当前传统的考核管理机制一时难以适应小城镇发展思路的转变。大量小城镇应当承担的服务农村地区的能力受到了忽略，小城镇基本公共服务能力短板突出，与农村地区人口结构和服务需求之间的矛盾突出。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村和小城镇资源配置能力倒置的尴尬<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">随着乡村投入的不断加大，在高水平城镇化和经济发达地区，乡村在人口、资源和资本吸引等方面能力甚至出现反超小城镇的情况。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">人口回村不进镇</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴的核心是人。</span></strong>在乡村振兴的政策感召下，以农业为主导的一二三产融合发展加速，乡村地区在吸引人才方面甚至比小城镇更有优势。如在特大城市郊区或城镇化高水平发展地区部分乡村，临近大城市的特殊区位条件和优美的自然生态环境，加上便利的交通和通讯网络，乡村吸引了大量创业人员，大量民宿、乡村旅游点、创客基地等吸引人才直接进入农村，而并不会进入小城镇。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">美丽村庄和小城镇衰落的尴尬</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴背景下，各级政府高度重视乡村建设，以“美丽村庄”建设为主导的乡村建设如火如荼，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">村庄面貌迅速改善，甚至诞生了一批明星村。</span></strong>在村庄环境整治、美丽乡村建设等工作的基础上，江苏省首先在国内发布《江苏省特色田园乡村建设行动计划》，提出了建设“生态优、村庄美、产业特、农民富、集体强、乡风好”的特色田园乡村。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">值得一提的是，目前江苏省多数小城镇经历了撤乡并镇，一个小城镇往往由几个乡镇合并而成。合并之后，由于财力有限，小城镇往往重点发展主镇区，被撤并镇区往往处于被遗忘的角落，公共服务水平偏低、城镇建设风貌衰败等问题日益突出。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">资本运作和管理能力的落差</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">资金缺乏一直是困扰小城镇建设的重要因素。</span></strong>在大量资金支持下，部分村庄在土地、政策、资金等方面短时间内获得了极大的提升。与之相对应的，限于土地资本运作能力，大量的存量土地沉淀。相当部分小城镇则面临建设资金投入、土地资源配置供给不足，大量的集体建设土地难以获得必要的资本支持。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村治理以村民自治为基础，并不主张行政管理的过多干涉；小城镇则完全不同，作为基层政府，行政管理和社会服务职能繁杂，管理能力难以适应需要。由于财政支持有限，小城镇庞杂的管理和服务需求，与长期低水平的管理能力和人才供给之间的矛盾日益凸显。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXAnB5aicY3L1poSpbku2MNMMZXHYD4gHaJlwumtZX9CMB1jqCSLflriaQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1024" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</p></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇在空间规划体系中的边缘化危险<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">随着国家机构改革调整逐步到位，国家—省—市县三级空间规划体系面临重构。尤其是乡村振兴战略的实施，小城镇则进一步面临边缘化的危险。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">大量小城镇其实就是大农村</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">大量的小城镇没有经历工业化的历程，小城镇无法提供必要的就业岗位，人口大量外流，小城镇仅仅承担基本的为农服务和公共管理职能。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">由于缺乏必要的城镇建设资金和建设管理，大量小城镇建设活动以农民自发建设为主，小城镇与周边农村并无多大区别。</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“以镇带村”传统镇村体系受到挑战</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在乡村振兴背景下，空间规划体系面临重构，小城镇的“点”应融入乡村发展的“面”。传统的以镇带村的镇村体系，由于照搬城镇体系做法，孤立地看待乡村建设，缺乏对农业空间的关注而面临挑战。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">另一方面，随着新一代通信技术和电子商务的影响日益深入，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">大量的“淘宝村”出现</span></strong>。据研究，2020年全国将拥有5500个“淘宝村”，带来300万个就业岗位[7]。村庄通过互联网直接纳入全国乃至全球生产消费网络，传统的“以镇带村”空间组织结构受到挑战。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇“千镇一面”的问题日益突出</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村的发展强调与乡土文化的融合，乡村的风貌应体现地域文化特色，乡村要像乡村。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇则经受着所谓“现代化”观念的冲击</span></strong>，高楼、宽路、大公园等做法照搬城市，小城镇传统风貌和尺度的丧失，直接导致小城镇“千镇一面”的尴尬。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</p></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">回顾与展望</p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">回顾改革开放后小城镇发展之路，到今天面临发展的困惑，其根本是小城镇在国家快速城镇化的历史进程中，照搬城市的传统发展道路已经行不通，在面临乡村振兴战略冲击时又准备不足。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇之“惑”的历史原因</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">长期模仿大城市的发展模式，是小城镇传统发展路径迷失的重要原因。</span></strong>工业化带动城镇化是大城市规模集聚的主要动因，1998年房地产改革和2001年加入世贸组织之后，房地产和开发区成为城市规模快速扩张的背后推手。小城镇吸引外资困难，在工业和房地产招商中受到土地、资金和人才等制约，在政府考核机制引导下，模仿大城市的道路走的很难。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">县城与其他小城镇的资源争夺，是小城镇资源配置能力滞后的主要原因。</span></strong>在我国的管理体制中，县城是纳入小城镇管理体系的。但实际上，县城具有其他小城镇所不具备的公共资源配置能力，在县域内处于绝对核心地位。在快速城镇化进程中，有限的资源向县城集中，势必导致小城镇资源配置能力的滞后。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇规划标准滞后且难以适应区域差异，是小城镇在空间规划体系重构中面临边缘化的历史原因。</span></strong>改革开放后，小城镇规划标准长期缺失，直到《中华人民共和国城乡规划法》出台前的2007年才发布第一个《镇规划标准》，并实施至今。随着城乡融合发展，这一全国性的标准中用地分类等内容难以适应城乡一体化和空间规划“一张图”的改革需求。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇必须面对的发展趋势</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">国家快速城镇化和区域一体化的趋势。</span></strong>当前，我国尚处于快速城镇化的进程中，以长三角、珠三角、京津冀等为代表的城市群将成为未来城镇化的主力，轨道交通和信息技术将加速区域一体化进程。小城镇应抓住快速城镇化和区域一体化的趋势，找准定位，借力发展。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴战略持续发力的趋势。</span></strong>改革开放40年，是乡村振兴战略元年，是未来30年国家长期坚持的战略。小城镇应迅速调整与乡村互动发展的关系，借助乡村振兴战略，从产业、土地、资本等方面提高自身的资源配置能力。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">国家空间规划重构的趋势。</span></strong>随着国家机构改革逐步到位，国土空间规划体系重构成为大势所趋。国家、省、市、县、乡镇5级空间规划体系中，小城镇是最基层的空间单元，应在战略传导、底线管控、发展引领和服务乡村等方面发挥更重要的作用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Part.3</strong></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“道”：乡村振兴战略下小城镇的<span style="background-color: rgb(237, 210, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">发展路径</span></strong></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXicFCqXEvnbKibZibZibVImHicLXiaFk8MJ6piaef6236Jh8gibuGYMgR420gCw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1024" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">国家空间规划体系重构的背景下，基于乡村振兴战略，小城镇发展战略要有长远眼光，需要重新界定镇村关系，谋划小城镇发展新路径。</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</section></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">角色转变：区域空间格局小城镇的定位</p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇发展的困惑源于其城乡之间发展定位的迷失，因此解惑之道的首要是，应明确小城镇在区域空间格局中的定位。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">承担城市功能外溢和补充</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">扬子江城市群是长三角城市群的重要组成部分，集聚了江苏省特大城市、大城市，城镇化程度高，城镇密度高，现代化交通网络发达。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">城镇密集地区的小城镇，尤其是大城市郊区的小城镇，通过以轨道交通为主导的现代交通体系，拉近了与大城市的时空距离，直接承担城市功能的外溢和补充。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">高度城镇化地区人员和资本的流动非常频繁，很多小城镇承担了大量的区域产业功能。</span></strong>上海地铁已经延伸到昆山，工作在上海、居住在昆山成为现实。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规模集聚和特色发展叠合</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇的发展一直存在两种并行的诉求：</span></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">规模集聚和特色发展</span></strong>。具体来讲，就是重点镇和特色镇，但两者发展路径往往叠合。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">重点镇是国家和省集中力量发展的一部分小城镇。县域面积广阔，受制于经济发展水平和交通条件，除县城之外，在距离县城一定距离集中培育中心城镇，提供必要的公共服务，起到辐射带动周边一般小城镇发展的作用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">特色镇是一个宽泛的概念，产业特色镇、历史文化古镇、旅游小城镇等都属于此类，主要是希望利用既有的资源禀赋，走出小城镇发展的特色道路。</span></strong>当前热点“特色小镇”关注政策、运营与经营，是小城镇特色发展的重要机遇。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">成为乡村社区的一种形态</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">一般农业地区小城镇主要为农业服务，与乡村功能和风貌边界日益模糊，逐渐成为乡村社区的一种形态。从乡村社区构建的角度，重点完善小城镇基本公共服务功能，提供必要的生活休闲场所，为乡村社区网络搭建服务平台。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">大量被撤并乡镇属于这种类型，乡镇建设重点转移直接导致被撤并乡镇城镇建设的停滞，带来公共服务功能的弱化。江苏省《关于贯彻落实乡村振兴战略的实施意见》明确指出，被撤并乡镇的发展和功能提升是乡村振兴工作重要组成部分。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">顺势而为：借助乡村振兴提升资源配置</p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴势不可逆，小城镇应主动借助乡村振兴大战略，着力提升自身资源配置能力。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴吸引人口回流</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">乡村振兴的根本是乡村产业，人口回流的诱因是乡村能提供具有吸引力和竞争力的就业岗位。</span></strong>江苏省句容市依靠紧邻南京的区位优势，基于山水资源基础，重点从农业农村现代化做文章，吸引了大量人才到农村创业。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇应主动借助乡村振兴力量，为返乡创业人员提供必要的居住、生活条件，解除子女教育、社会保障、养老等后顾之忧。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">集体土地存量空间的利用</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">集体所有土地是乡村和小城镇地区的主要土地产权形态，据调查镇区内建设用地中集体土地占比在70%以上。从江苏省的实践来看，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">除必要的宅基地之外，小城镇大量的集体土地是以工业用地形式存在的。</span></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">国土资源部、住房城乡建设部印发《利用集体建设用地建设租赁住房试点方案》，集体土地制度改革逐步深入，经营性功能面临破冰。如江苏省宜兴市西渚镇，原养猪场用地功能置换为休闲农庄，乡镇企业转型发展乡村农家乐、民宿，矿坑复垦成为乡村旅游和自驾游基地。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">市场机制下多元资本的引入</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">政府财政长期支持乡村和小城镇建设。除直接支持重点中心镇和特色镇发展外，江苏省开展全省范围镇村布局规划[11]，将全省18万个自然村划分为重点村、特色村和一般村。通过村庄环境整治和人居环境改善行动计划，政府财政资金直接支持农村生活污水处理等项目，大大改善了乡村和小城镇人居环境。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">社会资本进入乡村和小城镇，正是瞄准了乡村和小城镇特色资源的市场价值，乡村旅游、古镇旅游等已经成为江苏省旅游产品的特色品牌。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">同时，苏南地区探索了乡村振兴的路径[12]。部分村庄集体经济发达，村庄本身就是具有强大经济实力的集团公司。如江苏常熟市蒋巷村，工业支撑了村庄集体经济的主体，又通过多元化的经营，发展休闲农业和乡村旅游，塑造了村庄形象和品牌。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXwSrJjJThWV26jELdk4kcRR3DWn5wqMQm4htWH6jHtU4SW4NsPkfV4g/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1024" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</p></section><section style="padding-right: 5px;padding-left: 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">镇村一体：空间规划体系重构的基本面</p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">当前正处于国家空间规划体系变革的关键时期，中央和国家机构改革框架已经明晰，省级和地方改革也明确了时间表，北京、上海、广州等城市总体规划陆续出台，空间规划改革已经全面展开。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">空间规划体系中，“三区三线”等核心内容基本已经形成共识。但是，小城镇在空间规划体系中何去何从？</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">全域：镇村空间管控一体化</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">当前小城镇总体规划的主要依据是《镇规划标准》（GB50188—2007），延续了城市总体规划的做法，分为镇区和镇域两个规划层次，重镇区而轻镇域。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">从江苏省的实践来看，相当部分小城镇经历过快速工业化的洗礼，镇域范围内存在大量分散的工业用地，小城镇呈现出居住用地比例明显偏高，人均用地指标明显偏高，人均建设用地远超国家法定指标的情况。镇域镇区分离的传统小城镇规划模式受到挑战。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">在当前空间规划体系重构的转型期，划分城镇、农业、生态三类空间，城镇开发边界应纳入县域空间规划体系。</span></strong>基于江苏省小城镇发展的实践，镇域“一张图”规划已经成为常见的做法。相应地，小城镇规划国家和地方标准应与时俱进，择机进行修订。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(87, 146, 90);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">分区：镇村空间功能的细化</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">传统小城镇规划重城镇轻乡村，乡村振兴战略下，小城镇规划要重视乡村、镇村并重，“回归田园”将成为小城镇规划的基本方向。在县域空间规划体系基础上，镇域层面要深化尺度和表达内容，尤其是在涉及到旅游发展、乡村发展、特定廊道（高速公路沿线地区）等提出明确的分区发展要求。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">规划要从“增量”思维转向“增量”“存量”并重。</span></strong>从江苏省小城镇发展实践来看，苏南、苏中、苏北小城镇发展路径差异巨大，小城镇存量工业用地的利用，已经成为苏南相当部分小城镇必须面对和解决的问题。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 8%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 12px;height: 12px;padding: 2px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;height: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 92%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">特色：乡土文化的特色营造</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">特色发展是小城镇的基本方向。</strong>小城镇和乡村特色发展的核心要素是乡土文化，而不是追大求洋。基于江苏省小城镇发展的实践，《小城镇空间特色塑造指南》明确提出了小城镇空间特色塑造的6项核心内容，“传承地域文化脉络”是其中之一[15]。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">文化为魂，产业为形，资本的推手助力小城镇地域文化品牌塑造，是小城镇文化创新的重要路径。</span></strong>传统乡土文化的传承和发展，镇村风貌是物质空间表象，乡土材料和现代建筑技术相融合，是镇村特色营造的基本原则。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">注重小城镇的在地性规划，应充分尊重本地居民的诉求、本地产业的转型诉求，要理性植入一些“外来”功能，应注重镇村联动研究在地性设计策略。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 5px 0% -5px;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 8px 1px 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(73, 109, 75);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Part.4</strong></em></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color:#496d4b;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">小结与讨论</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXdicoY2ocmQhIhUJHcxiawjtpEdspx15RzAOK3VCOc1WF90sqYcTreBlw/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1024" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">基于江苏省实践，乡村振兴战略下小城镇发展面临被“城”“乡”边缘化之“惑”，国家空间规划重构语境下，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(73, 109, 75);box-sizing: border-box;">小城镇发展必须借助乡村振兴之“道”：</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">1、</span></strong>适应角色转变，从城市、乡村融合发展潮流中探索自身发展道路；</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">2、</span></strong>从发展动力机制角度，顺势而为，借助乡村振兴战略提升小城镇资源配置能力，吸引人口回流、挖掘利用集体土地和引入多元资本；</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(92, 89, 88);box-sizing: border-box;">3、</span></strong>从空间规划体系角度，承接并延伸县域空间规划体系，构建全域、分区和特色发展三位一体的镇域空间规划技术体系。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">国家空间规划体系中，国家—省—市（县）具有完整的事权，构成空间规划体系3个层级。小城镇则不同，地方差异巨大，且无独立的事权，建议授权各省级政府在国家空间规划体系的基础上灵活制定适应地方发展的小城镇规划标准。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章来源丨乡村与城镇建设（kongfuf）</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">作者信息丨 齐立博</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 投稿邮箱丨xjxtd@126.com</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">中规建业城市规划设计院   信息中心</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">重要的事情：</strong></span><span style="background-color: rgba(41, 112, 36, 0.21);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">亲爱的读者朋友，小编想知道最近你都在关注什么话题？最喜欢看哪一类型的文章？最想看哪一类型的文章？我们似乎还没有好好讨论过这些，希望你能后台留言告诉我！小编最近在设置一个新的专栏，希望能得到你的建议！</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 38%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(180, 179, 179);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 24%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(180, 179, 179);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章精选</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 38%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(180, 179, 179);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><a title="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU3ODQ1MzQ3OQ==&mid=2247492966&idx=1&sn=c8753e7ac0b1c5bccdf2abc21b611d6e&chksm=fd778feeca0006f8b9eae892d28828e99805d724289916ab74d7bba5ebc1db83b26d2f8b4335&token=1111599412&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect" formlinkparm=""https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU3ODQ1MzQ3OQ==&mid=2247492966&idx=1&sn=c8753e7ac0b1c5bccdf2abc21b611d6e&chksm=fd778feeca0006f8b9eae892d28828e99805d724289916ab74d7bba5ebc1db83b26d2f8b4335&token=1111599412&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect"" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU3ODQ1MzQ3OQ==&mid=2247492966&idx=1&sn=c8753e7ac0b1c5bccdf2abc21b611d6e&chksm=fd778feeca0006f8b9eae892d28828e99805d724289916ab74d7bba5ebc1db83b26d2f8b4335&token=1111599412&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box;" data-linktype="1"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 3.53553px 3.53553px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link" data-positionback="static" style="top: auto;left: auto;margin: 0px;right: auto;bottom: auto;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.4255556" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXiaN83Aj3EL83EK4m0FeMuqZzgfjCYJv2Sklt7lMY2Aic2c5PWfBeptvQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="900" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;margin: 0px;"></span></section></section></a></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 13px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">费孝通的远见：乡土社会的损蚀</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><a title="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU3ODQ1MzQ3OQ==&mid=2247493106&idx=1&sn=e3c2279e4a9783b3346b9773205f5036&chksm=fd778f7aca00066cd4ebb6488c60d787731dbbfe7288f7445e4b4824abf4eabe464d73714c7a&token=1111599412&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect" formlinkparm=""https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU3ODQ1MzQ3OQ==&mid=2247493106&idx=1&sn=e3c2279e4a9783b3346b9773205f5036&chksm=fd778f7aca00066cd4ebb6488c60d787731dbbfe7288f7445e4b4824abf4eabe464d73714c7a&token=1111599412&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect"" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU3ODQ1MzQ3OQ==&mid=2247493106&idx=1&sn=e3c2279e4a9783b3346b9773205f5036&chksm=fd778f7aca00066cd4ebb6488c60d787731dbbfe7288f7445e4b4824abf4eabe464d73714c7a&token=1111599412&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box;" data-linktype="1"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 3.53553px 3.53553px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link" data-positionback="static" style="top: auto;left: auto;margin: 0px;right: auto;bottom: auto;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.4255556" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNXWCmCnMtxECQCibEase08fDl9KABx1oSvSXzB701BhurxvAIoydAicvicQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="900" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;margin: 0px;"></span></section></section></a></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">中国未来城市大格局|聚合城市还是都市圈？</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><a title="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU3ODQ1MzQ3OQ==&mid=2247493134&idx=1&sn=3df9bc805e657680686e66d9aa0e6ef6&chksm=fd778c86ca0005901921e7afe4602ae4f0cb2b28d59c1bc5cee73c3ea3692bdec360df6b1e6b&token=1111599412&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect" formlinkparm=""https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU3ODQ1MzQ3OQ==&mid=2247493134&idx=1&sn=3df9bc805e657680686e66d9aa0e6ef6&chksm=fd778c86ca0005901921e7afe4602ae4f0cb2b28d59c1bc5cee73c3ea3692bdec360df6b1e6b&token=1111599412&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect"" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU3ODQ1MzQ3OQ==&mid=2247493134&idx=1&sn=3df9bc805e657680686e66d9aa0e6ef6&chksm=fd778c86ca0005901921e7afe4602ae4f0cb2b28d59c1bc5cee73c3ea3692bdec360df6b1e6b&token=1111599412&lang=zh_CN&scene=21#wechat_redirect" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box;" data-linktype="1"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 95%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 3.53553px 3.53553px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link" data-positionback="static" style="top: auto;left: auto;margin: 0px;right: auto;bottom: auto;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.4255556" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNX2H0C9NfhBiazib3rne8CKWzTO5FenuqNRZaqyibAkfZNL5yet32ywKGSA/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="900" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;margin: 0px;"></span></section></section></a></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">浅析农村与景区污水处理模式</strong><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;margin-bottom: -2.5em;border-left: 2px solid rgb(193, 193, 193);border-top: 2px solid rgb(193, 193, 193);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="padding: 8px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);margin-right: -2.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 3px 8px;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">About Us</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 2.5em;height: 2.5em;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;border-right: 2px solid rgb(193, 193, 193);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(193, 193, 193);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;line-height: 0.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-top: 0.8em solid rgb(171, 211, 224);border-left: 0.7em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.7em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 202, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">中规建业城市规划设计院（北京）有限公司</strong></span></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(39, 39, 39);box-sizing: border-box;">为人与空间策划沟通的桥梁</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(39, 39, 39);box-sizing: border-box;">在城市、乡村、景区实践着我们的追求</span></strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 5px 0%;text-align: center;line-height: 0.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-top: 0.8em solid rgb(171, 211, 224);border-left: 0.7em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.7em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 5px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(105, 105, 105);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">中规建业城市规划设计院（北京）有限公司</strong></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">地址：</strong>北京市海淀区学清路9号汇智大厦B座</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">电话：</strong>010-86221338</p></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 100%;text-align: right;margin-top: -4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;height: 4px;background-color: rgb(125, 106, 96);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 70%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/KoH4xpDrnibDgzceo9b8JkCD9vbGffrNX5vj1iaBdnf5f6mc97qYpNapkeXbQCCEVpjsyszfnxLsGxVd3kyEAK9g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎关注“中规建业”微信公众号</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p>
                <br />