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<section style="font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.66" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0m7k4kPdiapm7icJJxoqXUCXUpvX7TNJ2HoSfOBUZ0GmJxqKH4iavhWNV9w/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="900" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 15px 0%;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding-right: 1px;padding-left: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(227, 227, 227);padding: 3px 5px;line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">导</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">读</p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 85%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(97, 182, 204);line-height: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作为发展中国家，中国2017年城市化率58.52%，而发达国家平均城市化率高达80%。然而城市化率只是个数量标志，发展质量才是核心。本文作者通过研究亚洲典型城市（香港、新加坡等）的发展情况，认为紧凑型高密度都市既能最低程度减少对地球资源的消耗，又能打造宜居的步行城市，符合可持续发展的目标。本文将侧重介绍香港发达的公共交通和超级综合体项目。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 3px solid rgb(216, 213, 213);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;padding-left: 8px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);font-size: 13px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">内容来源：城市设计</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">原文标题：<span style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与其操心400年后的《流浪地球》，不如善待脚下这片土地 | 香港立体交通城探秘</span></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 3px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(7, 99, 151);display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: -1px;font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">香    港</strong></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(227, 227, 227);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(108, 105, 105);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">公交优先、高密度紧凑开发模式的典范  </strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">20世纪90年代，西方开始批判以汽车为主导的“郊区蔓延、城市空心化”模式，同时倡议“交通导向发展模式”（TOD: Transit-Oriented Development）。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">香港则于1980年代制定“全港发展策略”，明确订定以公共交通，特别是铁路（MRT）为骨干，协调土地利用及空间布局的发展原则。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">香港在公交优先、高密度紧凑开发之路上既是先行者，更是成功的典范。现在，每天约90%的香港市民和访客均使用公共交通工具，每天达1200万人次，比例之高为全球之冠，其中约40%是依靠铁路。2016年统计，全港共有11条重铁线 （包括机场快线）， 每天为共近470万人次提供服务，占本地公共交通乘客人次约 37%。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7175926" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mg7kTIz2wcj8ceiacXb43boMxHoXRhaYNHqjsc7VRQxE0oqBibayXEXsA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图01，香港的11条轨道交通线路覆盖了绝大部分已开发区域（港铁官网）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">由于彻底的推行“公交优先及高密度发展”，香港打造成一个<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">“步行友好”</span>的城市。香港轨道交通站点密集（全港共计94个地铁站），九龙及港岛的地铁站点基本可以步行到达。一般地，人们正常徒步500米距离所需时间为6~10分钟，是比较舒适的路程。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">全港约75%的商业及办公楼宇和约40%的住宅，都在铁路车站500米可步行的距离内。70%乘客在出门时都是步行去车站，极为人性化。只有3%的旅客需要采用某种其它交通形式去车站上车。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">根据新加坡的一项研究，香港使用公共交通工具的比例在全球27个大城市中最高。其余城市中，首尔的比例约70%，新加坡约60%，东京约50%，伦敦及纽约为30%。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.745694" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mgKk4y3OB0VF2tqtZaiafefibn6XRfzDOQb9TafKcjpUwS1uG96lD3nXg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="987" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图02，90%的香港市民和访客依赖公共交通出行（香港政府网）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">公共巴士以及非专营巴士是仅次于重铁（MTR）的公共交通工具。</span>巴士载客量高，服务较为灵活，能在较短时间内因应需求调整服务，因此可以作为路面行驶的集体载客运输工具，服务于铁路网络未能覆盖的地区。无缝接驳居住区至铁路网络，并提供跨区服务。2016年底，5间专营巴士公司下6个巴士专营权的车队共有约5900辆巴士，营运约580条巴士线，每日提供73000个班次，为共近410万人次提供服务，占公共交通乘客人次33%。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.6530278" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mH46StlMiaACEwsT8WjMuaNW31fmtglK3GR4Lib1XjWLj9W3OB6prdWQg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="611" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图03，九龙巴士（简称九巴）由新鸿基控股，共3710部双层巴士，3万多名员工。全港共有5间专营巴士公司（网络图片）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">轻铁（LRT）是偏远的新界西北地区公共交通系统的重要辅助工具，担任双重角色，一方面为西铁线乘客提供接驳服务，另一方面也是新界西北区内（屯门及元朗）的重要路面轨道公共交通工具。</span>2016年，共有12条轻铁路线， 每天服务约49万乘客人次，占全港公共交通乘客人次约 3.9%。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.7893401" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0meMnaUQfNK5ALiciaibhkxWXwuM6WmrFEFW9qv8xhuR4zordxERkZPbGMQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="394" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图04，新界西北新市镇“天水围”的轻轨（红线）穿行在密集的住宅社区之间，出行便捷（Centamap）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.66625" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mmkKbfYkUWZZtdwZH4H2Be1oCUWqDWPIgFcJXauOd5ibNZPicscWnSRhQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="800" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图05，轻轨行走于屯门和元朗新市镇的地面上，使用开放式的站台?严奉焕</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">公共小巴为乘客较少或不宜使用高载客量交通工具的地区提供服务，担当辅助接驳服务的角色 。</span>2016年，全港共4350辆公共小巴，分为绿色专线小巴（3254辆）及红色小巴（1096辆）两类。专线小巴提供指定路线服务，现有共约530条路线。公共小巴每日接载超过180万乘客人次，占公共交通乘客人次约15%。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">香港城市偏重公共交通出行，体现了城市“精明增长”的规划理念。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.562963" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mzJ2ciauDzuibBG376QFAhZzwYoRYib6DW8Ng4JBzZMIkPusChYfWqTBZw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图06，关于道路运载效率的模拟实验表明，小汽车运输200人需要占用一公里道路，占用空间最大，运输时间最长，最不经济（刘宗岱《完整街道》）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 3px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(7, 99, 151);display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: -1px;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(108, 105, 105);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">亲历香港社区</strong></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(227, 227, 227);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(108, 105, 105);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">九龙站超级交通城综合体</strong><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">除了数量庞大、网络化密集覆盖的公共交通路线外，香港城市集约化、立体化发展的程度也是惊人的。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">行走在香港的大街小巷，印象最深刻的是那些上天入地、叠床架屋的空中廊桥连接着一座座摩天大楼和车站商场的场景，街区因此形成大量的空中街道和巨型多功能建筑，尤以繁华的中环最为典型。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">新老城区的“站城一体”开发的商业综合体，更像是一个个巨大的容器，里面容纳了店铺、商业、停车场、健身馆和电影院等休闲娱乐场所。裙楼上面则是巨型塔式住宅楼群，楼下架空层则是公共交通交汇处，地下运行的大运量的地铁为裙楼商业空间源源不断地集中输送客流。住宅区的一二层建筑往往接近全覆盖地面，裙楼顶部用作居民休憩的空中花园，人车分流。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0md1bmibOaa0j9871nHkDoarF4ric4nDY3BDDVdfUq7Y7DRq86h87iciagOQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图07，串连各个建筑的空中廊桥随处可见</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7175926" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mySKKXFKeatLaIrpLMZYkqibn2T1VQISklkibVk06LFxVqdY57cyoeicWA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图08，香港立体城市模型（《香港造城记》</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">作为“站城一体”模式发展的最新代表作，位于西九龙区的九龙站超级综合体项目可谓登峰造极之作，笔者曾亲身参访，下文与读者分享该案例。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7497393" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0m30fyZssn2jhzobL50G00pYQnIPf7GIIqdGEzuQjdibeI4LpOD1jQKkg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="959" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图09，九龙站超级综合体项目高标准打造，成为香港城市地标。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">九龙站超级综合体项目于2007年竣工投入使用，系香港有史以来最大复合建筑开发项目，项目定位和规划设计由英国大师Terry Farrell负责。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">项目集交通、住宅、办公、商场、娱乐和酒店设施于一体，</span>由著名地标建筑环球贸易广场（ICC）、顶级超高层豪宅物业天玺、凯旋门、君临天下、豪华酒店公寓港景汇、丽思·卡尔顿酒店和W酒店、逾10万㎡大型时尚购物商场圆方等物业共同组成; 项目地上为住宅和商业办公，地面环形区域为休息、观光、娱乐、绿化空间，地下两层中底层为地铁站，站点上为公交、巴士出租车转乘站点，以及餐饮购物场所，称之为“超级交通城”实至名归。这里的住宅和酒店物业均是香港顶级物业，新鸿基开发的天玺售价更是高达50多万港元/平方米。（各物业情况详见下表）。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.3235602" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mbPcetep1ic7RiaysBnaqy14u6iauQskqVAW1iaFApAzeicXOJzNm6qfsV2w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="955" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">表01，九龙站超级交通城综合体物业详情统计表</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="1.0875" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mJHFeljnGqsKEfuMDj72SOjQk66NBN0tS8vfMRMeZStvJqtqrZqMichg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="640" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图10，九龙站联合广场物业分布平面图（Wikipedia）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">香港九龙站（Kowloon Station）是港铁“东涌线”与“机场快线”的一个枢纽站点，也是东涌线与机场快线穿越维多利亚港湾，前往香港岛的最后一个车站，项目东侧紧邻广深港(高铁)西九龙站和地铁西铁线的柯士甸站。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7549801" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0msSsjt4CY0EBXm8V7AAVMApnWWg4BSyxjiaWGoySzAWrliceickq32DO3g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1004" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图11，九龙站区域三面环海，地理位置和景观稀缺独特（作者绘制）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7037037" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mKgOy9zloRcaIe9ZDRE54QODItyOMkmSIq6ZI3J4nvmtMDgK2zc666Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图12，九龙站（Kowloon Station）地下站场布局图（港铁官网）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.5625" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mopkuPHXkRntotzzJ21S3oxrVGCYrM9MGRTCQYQ6ibibBmCjLDiaHHboZg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="800" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图13，新开通的香港高铁站经由地下进入香港，避免噪音扰民。左侧即是九龙站综合体，有空中廊桥相通。（图源：作者制图）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">九龙站超级综合体项目的特点表现为：</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">1、高容积率（8.1）开发；</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">2、混合业态（集住宅、商场、车站、酒店和写字楼于一体、商业比例高达44%）；</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">3、公共交通导向（打造地铁主导的超级交通枢纽站，交通无缝接驳）。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.32247" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mWoheBndoUGjjZ2s6NQKQLfAYsjhhj2hSvqpuFINhhJlPmdpf40XNUg/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="583" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">表02，九龙站超级综合体项目物业指标，土地利用效率极高。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">笔者在项目现场感受到这里的交通和建筑之间的联系极为紧凑便捷。从九龙地铁站出站后，转眼即进入时尚高端的“圆方商场（ELEMENTS）”；商场出地面后则是环境优美的大型开放式空中花园，通过花园中巧妙设计的隐藏式通道，则可以通向四围的各个商住建筑（私人物业均设门禁）。地下、地面及上盖物业之间的通行基本做到无障碍和有遮盖，人性化十足。空中花园四周虽然围绕着超高层建筑，但由于维多利亚海港近在咫尺，也不会有压迫之感。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.5839268" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mYbKexlLqtib9eib4qMnicFnoLjLGdVFV34BmJ3Jiatdt48htHrzBYfwCtQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="983" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图14，左：漾日居，中：凯旋门，右：君临天下</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mJXrPMaTDFcOzTpL9VRicM1hibmTAK9bpTYVh2Yd0NvP3IHofwFrm7ptg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="640" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图15，从地铁站上盖花园北眺擎天半岛楼群</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.6626263" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mpvpeylibsZicA4iaO7GMWNxwlgnuLVSGJQyL2MEEAkofnVXpPaibtoicNyw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="990" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图16，联合广场花园的有盖玻璃廊道</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.665996" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mN6Ef1icu0mYODfZcuApzeVD3APTHokeAg129CJia9hIjSLuA3ZlibFwMg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="994" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图17，负一楼的大型商场ELEMENTS</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.75" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mxnCibXKn0ZZ8iaLjH8uqdosALAjl5R0csrv2ibQ7jDjiaBKAY5cahUoia7g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图18，豪宅下的空中花园为公共空间，对外开放</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 3px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(7, 99, 151);display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: -1px;font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">总  结</strong></p></section><section style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(227, 227, 227);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(108, 105, 105);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">香港建城模式思考与启发</strong> </p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">香港开埠前原本是海边荒岛，1841年，英国人登陆时发现香港岛根本不适宜居住，当时岛上仅有5450名华人渔民。时至今日，全港已发展为愈740万人口的大型现代化城市。历经170多年的变迁，从城市规划和发展的角度来看，香港是一个值得学习的成功典范。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">作为紧凑型高密度、公共交通导向发展的城市，香港社会展现出高效率运转、步行友好、自然环境优美、公共空间丰富的特点。访客最直观的感受是，香港城市道路并不宽敞，但极少塞车；核心商圈遍布，生活、购物非常便利。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">表面上看，香港地少人多，才会被动地珍惜每一寸土地，才没有出现象内地城市摊大饼式发展，才有了今天垂直发展的立体城市形态。但事实上，从港英执政到港人治港的不同历史时期，严格控制城市增长边界，保护自然生态的理念一直都很明确。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">《香港规划标准与准则》成为开发控制体系中的一项重要原则，通过提高建筑密度和容积率，高效利用城市的建设用地（即便相对偏远的新界北区及新发展区的容积率最高可达到6.5倍，见下表），并尽可能地保留城市周边大量的自然生态空间，以维持社会、经济及环境等的和谐发展，香港密度分区制度尤其关注公共设施对于开发强度的影响，其原则包括：</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">1、保证住宅发展密度与现有的和规划的基础设施供给保持平衡，并在环境容量范围之内；</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">2、注重公共交通设施对于发展密度的影响，高密度的住宅发展应当尽可能位于地铁车站及主要公共交通交汇点的周边，以减低对于地面交通的压力和依赖程度；<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">3、住宅发展的密度应随着与地铁车站及公共交通交汇处的距离增加而降低；</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.4166667" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0meRicrYsfqOh6GzAFQtBlcPqVN14libgg5hBfCv97tRByB0EBS8qTUeCw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">表03，《香港城市规划标准与准则》规定的发展密度分区原则，平均地积比（容积率）达到6.0以上</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.5417237" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mcqaKuC6ibJO5mAdwzRQPKiaYahylo5dkSShh8Gibeo5kwNlQiadIqUQ3kQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="731" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图20，香港规划署为发展新界东北区域设定的原则（1）（政府网站）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.8190661" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mSA5lUkYrdwCInUDN7Y8xxlfV4OwM95l29Licib6ia7cictQicSJ5Kze96mQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="514" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图21，香港规划署为发展新界东北区域设定的原则（2）（政府网站）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;margin-top: 15px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.4854369" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0myATEibiaWcwIQqZ2pIAfK3LVTL48JnRctflCFwcRI0Kdgu7kOS1V7Ofw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="515" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图22，香港规划署为发展新界东北区域设定的原则（3）（政府网站）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">值得一提的是，虽然香港是个重商主义的资本主义社会，但政府在房屋供应方面非常强势。</span>香港的房地产市场长期按6：4比例配置公营和私营占比开发，60%的房屋由政府建设，或低价出租给符合资格的人士，或以市场评估价的52%出售给符合资格的市民。此外，40%出售给私人公司的土地收入收归政府，基本可以平衡公屋建设投资。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">香港的房地产开发模式，要求开发商通过参与竞拍获得土地，涉及地铁上盖物业开发的，一般由港铁公司（政府持股76.1%）负责招标，参与竞标的财团报出合作开发条件，包括双方所占股权比例、配建物业面积等。这种开发模式很好地解决了站城一体开发的问题，避免公共交通站点及设施和物业相互脱节，便于运营管理，也极大地提升了商业物业利用率和商业价值，公交设施的客流量也得到保障。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">目前为止，港铁公司一直保持超过50%的盈利，是世界唯一不依赖政府补贴（如铁路上盖物业等）营运的城市轨道交通系统运营商。</span>2013年，港铁在香港的专利公共交通工具市场占有率为46.9%。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">此外，香港有各式各样的文娱、康乐及体育设施，这些公共设施大部分是由康乐及文化事务署（康文署）管理运营。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">康文署提供大量的康体设施，包括25个运动场、44座游泳池场馆、41个刊宪泳滩、99座体育馆、81个草地足球场、234个硬地小型足球场、521个篮球场、256个网球场、292个壁球场及640个康体场地设有儿童游乐场，另外还有曲棍球场、公众骑术学校及高尔夫球练习场等设施。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">康文署还管理五个水上活动中心及四个度假营。香港大球场、香港体育馆及伊利沙伯体育馆，均是举行大型室内体育活动的重要场馆。同时康文署还负责管理1500个公园和花园，面积大小不一，当中包括26个遍布香港各区的大型公园。香港原生态的郊野公园多达44个，遍布全港，这是城市的宝贵资源和财富。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">香港市民住宅之外的生活质量远高于内地北上广深一线城市，深层次的原因有如下几点：</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">1、紧凑型发展及坚持（TOD）公共交通导向，使得城市保留大量绿色公共空间；各个屋邨配套齐全，职住平衡，自给自足，减少出行频率；出行便利，减少对小汽车的依赖，；</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">2、60%的屋邨由政府开发租赁，重视弱势群体关怀；社团组织众多，各类群体有归宿感；社区立法会议员代言社区，下情上达，与政府沟通渠道畅通；</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">3、政府统管绝大多数公众康乐设施，大部分廉价有偿使用，管理有方；市民使用数量丰富、运转良好的运动场所，积极参与体育锻炼，纾解工作压力，延年益寿（香港人均寿命居全球之冠）；</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.7058824" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mORsWumnSV6ByTs3cVLKoLEg6fBR9R00tqSQSiaulThyr7g9Ib4Meovw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="816" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">图23，TOD模型图：社区围绕公交站点和商业区为核心布局，办公和住宅混合开发，打造全天候的活力社区，职住平衡，步行安全友好，提升商业价值。（马强《走向精明增长》）</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">反观中国内地城市发展现状，则令人感慨不已：</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">我国内地城市大规模快速开发始于上世纪80年代末（和香港提出“全港发展策略”相隔不久），短短30余年的历史，一二三线的城市格局已基本成型。应该说不完善的规划理念和土地批租模式造成了许多不可逆的遗憾。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">表现出来的后遗症主要有：城市过分依赖小汽车出行，功能分区单一化，职住分离，加重道路通勤压力，街道拥堵；社区封闭、商业空间不合理分布，大量裙楼商业空置，商业价值低；市民缺乏公共空间，人性化设施不够且不彻底；文化、教育、医疗等公共配套资源分布不合理……</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">借鉴海内外的经验，在促使城市走上紧凑可持续发展的道路时，我们要综合考虑土地、社会、经济、环境等因素，建立有效的开发强度控制体系。为了保证城市空间的良好形态，城市密度的控制应结合交通区位（如大容量轨道交通站点）、服务区位（如城市的商业中心）和环境区位（如城市的公共绿地）等条件，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">做到“站城一体化”规划建设，综合考虑自然条件和规划要求在城市内划分由高至低的多级密度空间分区，并结合相应的密度指标和要求，从而形成疏密有致的城市整体密度等级序列。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">遗憾的是，住建部于2018年12月开始实施的<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">《城市居住区规划设计标准》要求城市住宅用地容积率最高不超过3.1，建筑高度不超过80米</span>，理由是不利于消防救灾和控制城市风貌，这一点值得商榷。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">众所周知的，香港的住房问题仍然是社会主要矛盾，房价昂贵、轮候公屋时间长达5.5年、人均住房面积窄小等，但反过来想想，如果不是长期实施高密度公共交通导向的城市规划理念，会是怎样的局面，也许是另外一个孟买或达卡。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(7, 99, 151);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">相关链接</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(118, 118, 118);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">张国华：城市化与京津冀一体化——公共服务业定成败</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">永不拥堵，香港的城市规划之道</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">精致追梦——城市传统混合型街道的时代理想</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 12px;line-height: 1.5;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文头图为编辑自加，来源于网络；</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">文内图片由作者提供</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;max-width: 100%;"><section style="display: inline-block;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.60625" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5FAibApIUfhx7DPbMlVVR0mJcJYnewfKusG1hjU0OzJq54xLZqYM62wGhDpUZSShmfBVUGq5ftNJg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="640" style="vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section>
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