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<section class="xmteditor" style="display:none;" data-tools="gulangu" data-label="powered by gulangu"></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 20em;margin-right: auto;margin-left: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;border-right: 9em solid rgb(105, 143, 187);border-bottom: 0.5em solid rgb(105, 143, 187);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-left: 9em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="padding: 10px;background-color: rgba(160, 160, 160, 0.24);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">新时代村庄规划的使命和特点</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">——最新五部门发布“关于统筹推进村庄规划工作的意见”的解读</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;">杨贵庆</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 34px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(105, 143, 187);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: -24px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);padding: 0.1em 0.3em;background-color: rgb(105, 143, 187);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">  摘要  </p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">针对2019年1月4日国家五部门发布的“关于统筹推进村庄规划工作的意见”，对其意义和重点内容作了解读，剖析了其中20个“亮点”，以期对业界开展村庄规划工作提供参考借鉴。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 34px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: -24px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(105, 143, 187);padding: 0.1em 0.3em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">关键词</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">村庄规划 乡村振兴 千万工程</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 34px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(105, 143, 187);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(121, 118, 118);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0.544px;widows: 1;">杨贵庆，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院城市规划系主任，教授，博士生导师；中国城市规划学会山地城乡规划学术委员会副主任委员；同济-黄岩乡村振兴学院执行院长。</span><br  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 16%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(149, 216, 247);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);width: 3em;height: 3em;line-height: 2.6em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-right: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">01</strong></p></section><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 8px solid rgb(149, 216, 247);border-top: 5px solid transparent;border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 80%;background-color: rgb(189, 221, 244);padding: 5px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">总体认识<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/uAdgkdJAdQJuFtSZF783zGlKFibWH9LbJXOh8RBfFeV0arfOmPSsvd55UOuIOic1t4uIibP6qgfh2tfzgvmlBmYng/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 99.4573%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">最新发布的“中央农办、农业农村部、自然资源部、国家发展改革委、财政部关于统筹推进村庄规划工作的意见”（农规发[2019]1号）（以下简称“意见”），是2019年首个关于扎实推进乡村振兴战略下如何统筹推进村庄规划工作的纲领性文件，意义十分重大。它系统阐述了如何更高站位认识村庄规划工作的重要性，明确了村庄规划工作的总体要求，对合理划分县域村庄类型、统筹谋划村庄发展、充分发挥村民主体作用、组织动员社会力量开展规划服务，以及建立健全县级党委领导政府负责的工作机制等方面做了简明又深刻的规定。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><img class="raw-image" data-ratio="0.637963" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/uAdgkdJAdQJuFtSZF783zGlKFibWH9LbJfchseHHpYCxXw32NwL04xF9B8ibChntxgaZ9KU9ZHnVRFc4ibvVLvuew/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"  /></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 0em;">“意见”既具有高屋建瓴的战略眼光，同时又把握了一段时期以来全国村庄规划建设工作的先锋经验和存在问题，十分“接地气”。对于村庄规划编制和管理工作的地方政府和技术从业人员来说，它似雪中送炭。它不仅指出当前统筹推进村庄规划的责任主体，建构了村庄规划工作的总体框架，指出了村庄规划与县域层面规划的关系，而且还对其重点工作和如何开展编制提出了指导性要点，为村庄规划编制工作和建设实施指明了方向。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 0em;"><br  /></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 0em;">“意见”全文字数不多（约2600字），简明扼要，结构清晰，指向明确，亮点颇多。它由7部分组成，呈现出“1+3+3”结构。其中，第一部分是关于重要性认识，第二、三、四部分是关于编制内容和重点要求，第五、六、七部分是方法和机制。以下笔者将划出其20个亮点予以阐释，不当之处，恳请批评指正。</span><br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 16%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(149, 216, 247);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);width: 3em;height: 3em;line-height: 2.6em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-right: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">02</p></section><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 8px solid rgb(149, 216, 247);border-top: 5px solid transparent;border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 80%;background-color: rgb(189, 221, 244);padding: 5px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">亮点解读<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/uAdgkdJAdQJuFtSZF783zGlKFibWH9LbJXOh8RBfFeV0arfOmPSsvd55UOuIOic1t4uIibP6qgfh2tfzgvmlBmYng/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 99.4573%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.1 关于背景和目的</strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（1）“深入学习推广浙江实施‘千村示范、万村整治’工程经验”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">浙江省自2003年以来开展“千万工程”，“一任接着一任干”，2018年荣获联合国“地球卫士奖”。美丽乡村、历史文化村落保护和利用工作等一系列政策和行动，使浙江乡村整体环境品质得到了巨大改善。因此，当前在全国推进村庄规划工作，确实应该系统化学习和推广浙江“千万工程”经验，抓住其精髓。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（2）“科学有序引导”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">既要强调村庄规划的科学性，认识并尊重乡村人居环境发展的客观规律，因地制宜地编制村庄规划，又要强调“有序”推进，不能一哄而上“搞运动式”地编制村庄规划。要根据村庄的区位发展实际情况和自身条件，轻重缓急地有序推进；不搞一个标准、一种模式，要结合村庄自身特点加以引导和创新发展。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.2 关于“切实提高村庄规划工作重要性的认识”</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（3）“从容建设”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这一用词呼应了前述“有序”两字，强调对接国家“实施乡村振兴战略”，要坚持“规划先行、有序推进，做到注重质量、从容建设”。此处再次提到学习浙江省“千万工程”以科学规划为先导，“一张蓝图绘到底，久久为功搞建设”。因此，“从容”就是要反对急于求成、反对无序建设，盲目大拆大建。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（4）“理清村庄发展思路”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">村庄发展思路是对村庄未来发展目标定位和路径的科学理性的认识。基于村庄发展思路，才能明确乡村振兴各项任务的优先序列，才能做到“发展有遵循、建设有抓手”，才能统筹安排乡村各类资源，集中力量并突出重点地进行建设谋划。</p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（5）“引导城镇基础设施和公共服务向农村延伸，促进城乡融合发展”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">明确村庄发展的目标和任务，发挥自身长处，从周边区域环境中主动寻找发展的机会，促进城镇要素对接村庄发展。特别是引导城镇基础设施和公共服务于村庄发展对接，使得城镇与乡村要素双向流动，发挥各自所长，形成机会互动，这样才能真正促进城乡融合发展。</p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（6）“善作善成，持之以恒”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">做一件事、成一件事，规划确定的事情要积极去做，并且要坚持做好。要本着“久久为功”的态度，以“钉钉子”精神，把村庄规划落到实处。如果没有持之以恒的精神，村庄规划所确定的项目往往因为种种原因半途而废，或在建设过程中随意更改，结果无法达到规划目标。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.3 关于“明确村庄规划工作的总体要求”</strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"></span><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（7）“坚持县域一盘棋”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">县域是村庄规划编制的重要层面。它不仅应对着县级党委政府的工作职能，而且也符合县域国土资源和历史人文等非物质要素资源的特征。在县域尺度，从村庄到全县的“自下而上”和“自上而下”对接反馈的效率比较高。因此，只有“县域一盘棋”，各类规划在村域层面才能更好地“多规合一”。</p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: left;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;">（8）“以多样化为美”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">“多样化”是一个非常重要的原则必须突出坚守。我国地域广阔，自然地理和人文特点多样，村庄物质空间多样性所反映的文化多样性互相支撑，体现出地方特点、文化特色和时代特征。因此，一定要保留、保护、传承各自的民居风貌、农业景观、乡土文化，杜绝一种标准、一个模式地照搬照抄，防止“千村一面”。</p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（9）“详略得当规划村庄发展”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这一提法比较新颖。因地制宜，一定要根据村庄的自身特点，有重点、有区别地予以规划干预。一些地方需要深入细致，而有些地方则予以总体控制和结构规划，不应过多人为建设和干预。此外，还需根据建设资金条件和当代村民需要，按照建设时序近、远期相结合。近期建设详细深入，远期规划则可“粗线条”。</p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（10）“坚持保护建设并重”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在建设的同时注意保护资源和环境，从而实现可持续发展目标；在保护资源和环境的基础上谋求村庄发展。这是一个辩证统一的理念。一个时期以来，由于片面重视开发而忽视保护，一些地方的村庄建设过程中对基本农田、生态环境和历史文化景观造成了破坏，导致了“建设性破坏”和“破坏性建设”。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（11）“结合国土空间规划编制在县域层面基本完成村庄布局工作”</strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这反映了村庄规划与国土空间规划编制的关系：即在县域层面编制国土空间规划，其中一项重要的内容是对县域村庄发展进行总体布局，把2019年底基本明确的村庄分类结果，反映到2020年底县域空间规划的成果中。因此，推理可见，2019年各地需要开展县域层面以村庄分类为目的的调研工作。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.4 关于“合理划分县域村庄类型”</strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（12）“合理划分县域村庄类型”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这是2019年底之前需要完成的重点任务，展开县域范围内村庄类型的特征调查，从而划定县域村庄三种主要类型：集聚提升类、城郊融合类、特色保护类。关键在于“合理划分”，村庄类型划分决定了村庄的总体走向，是村庄建设发展的重要依据。需要编制单位深入细致调查研究，对区域发展走势准确判断。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（13）“对于看不准的村庄，可暂不做分类，留出足够的观察论证时间”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">由于村庄周边区域环境变化要素较多，或者三种划分的类型概念尚无法直接套用到某一个情况复杂的案例，笔者称之为“无法分项类”，即第五种分类。也许在实际操作中，“无法分项类”可能还比较多。这一分类应该是严肃认真、客观合理的。另外，“留出足够的观察论证时间”不应该成为长时间不作为的借口。</p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（14）“统筹考虑县域产业发展、基础设施建设和公共服务配置”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">县域层面的国土空间规划，将会依据村庄类型划分的结果，统筹考虑在县域内的产业发展、基础设施和公共服务配置，对村庄发展提供较好的外部条件，利于城乡要素双向流动。因此，在县域国土空间规划整合县城、乡镇和村庄布局，实现产业规划、基础实施和公共服务配置“多规合一”的目标。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.5 关于“统筹谋划村庄发展”</strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（15）“尽可能把产业链留在乡村”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">乡村产业和就业是可持续发展的“造血机能”，须结合村庄资源禀赋，积极引导产业集聚发展，村民就近、就地就业增收。城乡资源要素流动的目的和结果，就是要通过基于地方特色的产业链把城市和乡村连接起来，成为乡村产业兴旺、产业振兴的基础。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（16）“依据人口规模和服务半径”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">基础设施配置和公共服务提供，需要根据村庄目前和未来人口规模和服务半径，充分发挥设施使用的效率和效益，强调精准性配置。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.6 关于“充分发挥村民主体作用”</strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（17）“紧紧依托村党组织和村民委员会，组成村庄规划编制工作组”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">村两委是村庄规划实施的重要层次，规划编制、村民诉求协调和规划实施运营等一系列工作，都离不开村两委的积极组织和主动工作。因此，村庄规划编制工作组要吸收村两委和村民代表，和乡镇党委政府、县（市）政府有关部门和规划设计单位一道，编制好能够落地的规划方案。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.7 关于“组织动员社会力量开展规划服务”</strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（18）“探索规划、建设、运营一体化”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">对于投资乡村建设的企业需要加以积极引导，共同参与村庄规划工作，结合地方实际，把规划过程、建设过程和运营管理结合起来，达到效率效益和社会公平有机结合，充分发挥各方主动性、积极性。</p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.8 关于“建立健全县级党委领导政府负责的工作机制”</strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（19）“乡村规划编制委员会”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">建立在县级层面的、由县级党委政府主要领导负责的乡村规划编制委员会，是一个工作机制创新。它将切实加强对村庄规划编制工作的领导作用，对当下扎实推进乡村振兴战略的实施提供了制度保障。</p><p style="text-indent: 2em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(105, 143, 187);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.9 关于责任分工</strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（20）“形成村庄规划工作合力”</strong></p><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这里按照顺序列举了“党委农村工作部门、农业农村、自然资源、发展改革、财政等部门”，要求这些部门在“同级党委政府的领导下”立足各自职能并密切配合，形成合力推进村庄规划工作。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 16%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;text-align: center;font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 3px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(149, 216, 247);display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);width: 3em;height: 3em;line-height: 2.6em;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-right: -1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">03</p></section><section style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-left: 8px solid rgb(149, 216, 247);border-top: 5px solid transparent;border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 80%;background-color: rgb(189, 221, 244);padding: 5px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">结语<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/uAdgkdJAdQJuFtSZF783zGlKFibWH9LbJXOh8RBfFeV0arfOmPSsvd55UOuIOic1t4uIibP6qgfh2tfzgvmlBmYng/640?wx_fmt=png");background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 99.4573%;background-attachment: scroll;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.8;color: rgb(53, 49, 49);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">当前我国各地村庄建设发展，不仅需要有村庄规划，更需要有“好的”村庄规划。“好的”村庄规划就需要因地制宜、切合实际，需要尊重历史人文传承文化。这对规划编制人员的规划水平、工作态度和作风提出更高要求。村庄规划编制人员需要对地方情况深入调研，对当地历史文化深入学习理解，并予以“创造性转化、创新性发展”。当务之急，各地需要培训优秀的村庄规划技术人才队伍。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 25.6px;white-space: normal;widows: 1;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(121, 118, 118);word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;">参考文献</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;">[1] 中央农办 农业农村部 自然资源部 国家发展改革委 财政部“关于统筹推进村庄规划工作的意见”农规发〔2019〕1号，2019年1月4日.</p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 25.6px;white-space: normal;widows: 1;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 25.6px;white-space: normal;widows: 1;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p></section></section></section><section powered-by="gulangu" style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;font-size: 16px;font-variant-numeric: normal;font-variant-east-asian: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 25.6px;white-space: normal;widows: 1;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: right;font-size: 12px;word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;">文案（<span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0px;word-wrap: break-word !important;">杨贵庆</span><span style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;letter-spacing: 0px;word-wrap: break-word !important;">）</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;">审阅（张立）编辑（王琳）</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;word-wrap: break-word !important;">文章转自：规划建设前沿</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><p><br  /></p>
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