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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0px;padding-top: 1.3em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: -16px;margin-left: 30%;margin-right: 30%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 30px;height: 30px;border-left: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-top: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 22px;height: 22px;margin: 2px;border-width: 2px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 16px;height: 16px;margin: 1px auto auto;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;margin: 1px auto auto;border-left: 12px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-bottom: 12px solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">点击上方“”可订阅哦！</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(58, 140, 226);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;padding: 15px 10px 25px;border-radius: 16px;margin-bottom: -30px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中规院(北京)规划设计公司规划二所主任工程师</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">苏海威</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">，中规院(北京)规划设计公司</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">胡章</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">，中规院(北京)规划设计公司规划二所主任工程师</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">李荣</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在《规划师》2018年第6期撰文，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">拆除重建类城市更新是超大城市释放土地潜能、优化城市结构、提升城市功能及破解发展瓶颈的主要途径之一。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">文章首先从多阶段微观博弈视角总结比较了深圳和北京的更新改造模式，并对不同模式的利弊及所面临的困境进行了剖析；</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其次提出市场主导的深圳更新模式宏观可控、微观高效，有利于快速推进城市更新，并形成了持续推进、动态博弈的制度优</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化系统，但是存在“挑肥拣瘦”、拆赔标准抬升及突破规划刚性等负外部性不断累积的困境；而政府主导的北京改造模式以</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“规划稳定和资金平衡”为前提，能有效保证规划落地实施和统一的安置标准，但是面对巨量的更新需求存在更新覆盖不足、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">可持续性差等困境；最后给出政府与市场共同参与的城市更新模式的改进建议。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 5px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]城市更新模式；拆除重建；政府主导；社会主</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(56, 30, 5);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文章编号]1006-0022(2018)06-0123-06　</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[中图分类号]TU984　</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文献标识码]B</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[引文格式]苏海威，胡章，李荣．拆除重建类城市更新的改造模式和困境对比[J]．规划师，2018(6)：123-128．</p></section></section></section></section><section style="height: 30px;border-bottom-width: 5px;border-bottom-style: solid;display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-radius: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/EicrqhutASjSfULzUo5ZwpMVXicIKqPc6iaPNcGl85QvdoGUQynkMaAgM6eMXTYdoUIHkxwoudeKoAIQ6ozKcbUyA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: left;border-top: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-left: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: right;border-top: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-right: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="margin: -5px 0px;padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 北京与深圳拆除重建类城市更新<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的发展历程</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: left;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-left: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 9px;float: right;border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-right: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: dashed;border-color: black;padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">北京拆除重建类城市更新的历史<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">脉络</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">北京的城市更新一直由政府主导，<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过拆除重建和保护性更新等方式不断</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">支撑城市发展，主要经历了四个阶段。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 第一个阶段为中华人民共和国<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">成立后到“文化大革命”时期，针对中</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">央办公设施布局等问题，城市更新主要</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在政府主导下以精华地区保护性改造和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">重点地区拆除性重建为主，如长安街拓</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">宽及沿线改造。这一阶段的改造相对忽</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">视市民改造需求迫切的旧城居住区和环</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">境恶劣地区。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 第二个阶段为“文化大革命”<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">结束后到 2003 年，面对城市功能重构</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与物质设施重建的巨大需求，以及不断</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">积累的旧城区居住和环境问题，政府重</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">点推进危旧房改造项目，尤其在 1990</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">年全面推行了“开发带危改”政策，使</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">拆除重建类城市更新规模急剧增大，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">并且从“改建”向“成片改造”转变。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">截至 2001 年底，开工改造危旧房小区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">220片，拆除危旧房屋682.9万平方米。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大规模的旧城拆除重建大幅提升了旧城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区的现代化水平和发展能级，却也大幅</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改变了城市既有的肌理和风貌，遭到社</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">会各界的质疑。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3)第三个阶段为2004～2008年，<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在旧城改造转为渐进式更新后，拆除重</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建类城市更新以政府主导的城乡结合部</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区域的城中村改造为主。尤其在奥运会</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">等大事件的推动下，政府开始有计划、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分步骤、大规模地推进城中村改造，如</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2005 年提出要在三年内改造四环以内</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">及奥运场馆周边171个城中村。但是城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中村单一的拆除重建模式带来的“驱赶</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">流动人口”等社会问题引发争议。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(4)第四个阶段为2008年以后，在<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国家政策推动下，政府主导、市场参与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的棚户区改造成为北京拆除重建类城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新的主要模式。尤其在 2014 年北京</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发布专项政策 ( 京政发 [2014]18 号 ) 之</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">后，棚户区改造进入大规模推进期。截</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">至 2018 年初，北京共推出了 21.8 万户</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的棚户区改造计划；于 2015 年底累计</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">完成了 8.4 万户。这些项目主要采用拆</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">除重建的模式，而且70％的项目集中在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城六区范围，有效支撑了城六区人口和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">功能的疏解。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">深圳拆除重建类城市更新的历史<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">脉络</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">深圳的城市更新经历了由政府主导<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">到市场主导、从拆除重建到多元并行模</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">式的转变，为深圳破除土地、资源、人</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">口和环境“四个难以为继”的困境，推</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">动城市可持续发展起到了重要的支撑作</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用，但也因不断推高的建筑量而备受各</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">界质疑，主要分为三个时期。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 萌芽期：20 世纪 90 年代。由<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">于城市快速扩张留下的大量工业厂房、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">村集体居住用地等低效空间的土地级差</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">效益日益加大，政府开始限制特区内的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">工业发展，并主导加强对违法建筑的管</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">控力度，积极推动低效空间的城市更新。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">但是由于政府主导的改造手段相对单</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一，更新推进效果不明显，城市问题不</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">断累积。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2)起步探索期：2004～2009年。<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自2004年发布《深圳市城中村(旧村)</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改造暂行规定》以来，深圳城市更新进</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">入起步探索期，城中村和旧工业区成为</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这一时期的改造重点，并采取市场主导</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的拆除重建模式，以“村改居”和“工</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改居”为主，改造动力强，但更新政策</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">相对粗放，城市更新在不断探索中前行。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 多元化发展期：2009 年至今。<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2009年出台的《深圳市城市更新办法》</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">及随后的系列政策明确了从更新申报、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">立项、规划编制到项目建设交付等全流</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">程规范操作细则(图1)，并通过明确拆</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">除重建、功能改变和综合整治三类更新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">方式，引导多元化城市更新工作的全面</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">铺开。其中，拆除重建仍是这一时期的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主流模式，“十二五”期间深圳城市更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新供应土地约10km2，大大缓解了空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">压力。综合整治主要由政府主导，对原</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">特区内规划保留的城中村进行安全隐患</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">治理和环境改善。直到2014年出台的《关</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">于加强和改进城市更新实施工作的暂行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">措施》允许在旧工业区综合整治和功能</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改变过程中进行一定比例的拆除重建，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">“工改工”项目复合改造模式才逐步得</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">到市场认可，标志着深圳城市更新全面</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">进入多元化发展阶段。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.40625" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhAq2KziaYNwYA7O7iaibsUFgcdL3Lric51ZHlnXuVjXvxOibFQdicDxQh0UNbwEfbIc8R0ljsZxib7s2WbA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/EicrqhutASjSfULzUo5ZwpMVXicIKqPc6iaPNcGl85QvdoGUQynkMaAgM6eMXTYdoUIHkxwoudeKoAIQ6ozKcbUyA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 5px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: white;padding: 10px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">北京与深圳拆除重建类城市更新<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改造模式及差异比较</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">拆除重建类城市更新的两种模式</p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-right-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-left-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.北京：政府主导的城市更新模式</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-right-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-left-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">北京的城市更新一直由政府主导，<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府和企业、业主是主导与跟随的关系，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不存在博弈的空间。政府全程参与更新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发起、规则制定、规划编审、资金筹措</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">及土地出让的整个过程，建立起了一套</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">相对封闭的操作流程。企业通过招投标、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">PPP等方式参与到征地拆迁、基础设施</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建设和安置房建设等具体工程，获得相</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对固定的投资收益，而业主则只在安置</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">房设计环节具有一定的参与权(图2)。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9129353" data-w="402" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhAq2KziaYNwYA7O7iaibsUFgcx9kv5qrUPZXKSoeRY7K65iaXY5jXUW8r2nTujiabDBnicOdma3ZSZkicicg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以2013年以来北京着力推进的“政<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">府主导、企业为辅”的棚户区改造项目</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为例，城市更新流程主要分为“前期—</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">立项—实施—分配”四个阶段(图3)。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">①在项目前期阶段，政府以已出台文件</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">确定的相对统一的拆赔标准对拟实施改</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">造地块进行初步经济测算和筛选。②在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">项目立项阶段，拟参与棚户区改造项目</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的国有企业以“规划稳定、资金平衡”</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为目标编制实施方案，明确安置房建设</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地块和资金平衡地块，加强项目的可行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性研究，并经政府部门审查后纳入棚户</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区改造计划。③在项目实施阶段，政府</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与实施单位签订合同，委托企业在棚户</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区改造政策范围内筹措资金，进行拆迁、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">征地、补偿和基础设施与安置房建设。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">④在项目收益分配阶段，政府进行土地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">出让获得土地出让金，并按照合同约定，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">支付企业实施成本和固定比例收益。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.5046875" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhAq2KziaYNwYA7O7iaibsUFgcjT2ca1vhlSOYOAiaz2cxarRLTsEonWS85BRWtIykuIcWBNbJcX8t85A/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 40px;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-right-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-left-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding-left: 8px;padding-right: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.深圳：社会主导的城市更新模式</p></section><section style="width: 40px;text-align: right;margin-left: auto;height: 5px;line-height: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 30px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-right-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-left-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-radius: 50%;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在深圳的社会主导城市更新模式<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中，政府与企业、业主是裁判员和运动</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">员的关系。政府承担规则制定者和执行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">监督者的责任，在持续推进更新的过程</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中研究深化更新政策和制度，完善城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新的规则体系。业主与开发企业则在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府制定的更新规则下负责更新项目的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">各类具体事项，在满足政府要求的基础</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">上，使自身的利益最大化(图4)。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.9547739" data-w="398" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhAq2KziaYNwYA7O7iaibsUFgc3fadQ5w62AUia0ypVlfjfKRsBQuq60eWcfeUicnIkTQ8iavCGjVyAre3Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">根据深圳现行城市更新中占据主流<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的更新项目的更新流程(图5)，在项目</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">前期阶段，业主发起城市更新并选择开</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发商进行更新项目申报，核心是就拆赔</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">事项达成一致；在项目立项阶段，在项</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">目被纳入城市更新计划后，业主与开发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">商需要组织编制城市更新专项规划并通</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">过政府审批，核心是明确规划技术指标</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和涉及公共利益的用地；在项目实施阶</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">段，按照更新规范确定实施主体后，由</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其出资主导拆迁、征地、补偿及建设等</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">事宜，并按规定补缴地价；在项目收益</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分配阶段，在补缴地价、根据前期协议</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分配安置房之后，开发商获得商品房和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">按规定配建的保障性住房的出售收益。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.51875" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhAq2KziaYNwYA7O7iaibsUFgcK9vich0JSE39fns0Iib8ryV0wZnrWSwxuP9NjuzcOeGo5t17lnzfbfow/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">两种模式的差异比较分析</p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府主导的北京更新模式和社会<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主导的深圳更新模式在更新逻辑与实施</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">流程上的差异主要体现在城市更新立项</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权、更新规划话语权和增值收益分配权</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">三项权利的制度安排以及对应的拆赔博</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">弈、规划博弈和地价博弈三个博弈环节</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">上(表1)。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.475" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0mhAq2KziaYNwYA7O7iaibsUFgcVw8XMws2icD6C5CbvKvIGKIes085kq6mh154S1FgJwibjhcD4vWQAAsw/640?wx_fmt=png" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="png"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 城市更新立项权与拆赔博弈的<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">差异。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新立项是城市更新开展的基<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">础，拆赔博弈是调动业主积极性的重要</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">手段，而北京与深圳的相关制度安排完</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">全不同。在北京的政府主导模式中，更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新项目由政府基于政绩考核、经济可行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性等标准筛选确定，拆赔标准由政府制</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">定，相对统一，业主基本没有话语权。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">而在深圳的社会主导模式中，政府将更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新立项权的发起环节交给业主及开发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">商，政府基于公开的政策文件对城市更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新立项材料进行审核，审核通过的项目</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">即可进入城市更新计划；同时，由于没</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有明确的拆赔标准，业主和合作开发商</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">可以就拆迁赔偿进行充分博弈，各自拥</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有一定的话语权。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 更新规划话语权与规划博弈的<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">差异。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市更新地区的法定规划是多方利<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">益博弈的重要平台，规划博弈的过程是</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多方利益协调的过程。北京和深圳在更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新规划话语权制度设计上的差异显著。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在北京的政府主导模式中，更新地区的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">法定规划由政府编制审批，且往往是法</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">定规划编制在前，更新实施方案制定在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">后，实现了法定规划对更新项目的引导</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作用。例如，“规划稳定”是北京棚户</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区改造实施方案立项的前提，更新业主</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和开发企业无法参与到规划博弈的过程</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中。而在深圳的社会主导模式中，政府</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在法定图则之外设置了城市更新专项规</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">划体系，并将其编制权交给业主及开发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">商，经政府审批后的更新专项规划可替</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">代原有法定图则。可见，社会主导模式</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">下的更新专项规划编制真正实现了业</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主、开发商和政府三方利益的充分博弈。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 增值收益分配权与地价博弈的<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">差异。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">增值收益分配机制是城市更新的内<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在驱动力，地价博弈是增值收益分配的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">核心，如何合理分配增值收益以调动市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">场各方的积极性，是城市更新制度安排</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的重要选项，也是两大模式最重要的差</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">异。在北京的政府主导模式中，政府是</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">增值收益分配的主导者，政府通过项目</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">启动前的棚户区改造实施方案，确保土</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地一级市场的经济平衡，并在土地二级</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市场择时拍卖土地，以实现地价的充分</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">博弈，使收益最大化。在整个增值收益</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分配中，业主和开发商属于从属关系，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">业主获得符合标准的拆迁赔偿和安置，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">开发商则获得固定比例的投资收益。在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">深圳的社会主导模式中，政府通过《深</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">圳市宗地地价测算规则(试行)》(深规</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">土[2013]12号)等一系列地价政策体系</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">限定政府收益，业主和开发商则根据第</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一阶段拆赔博弈确定的收益分配方式分</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">享大部分的土地增值收益。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/EicrqhutASjSfULzUo5ZwpMVXicIKqPc6iaPNcGl85QvdoGUQynkMaAgM6eMXTYdoUIHkxwoudeKoAIQ6ozKcbUyA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 5px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: white;padding: 10px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">两种模式的利弊分析<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">两种模式均能有效保障公共利益、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">解决历史遗留问题</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">两种模式均通过法定控规或者更新<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">专项规划的编制审批保障各类配套设施</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用地，并在更新过程中将各类设施配套</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建设交予更新实施单位，基本确保了更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新地区的公共利益。尤其是深圳的社会</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主导模式，通过制定容积率转移等政策，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">鼓励更新项目在提交固定比例的公共设</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">施用地的基础上，更多地增加公共空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和保障性住房。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">两种模式均能够通过土地权属注<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">销、重划，以及地上建筑物的灭失，有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">效解决集体建设用地、两规用地、历史</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">出让用地以及用地内手续不全的建筑等</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">各类土地历史遗留问题，形成清晰的产</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权边界，实现资源上市流通，提高市场</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的有效性。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府主导模式整体可控、推进有序,<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">但更新弹性、效率较低</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府主导模式的优势主要体现在政<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">府的控制力上，以北京棚户区改造项目</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为例，主要体现在以下四个方面。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1)规划可控。棚户区改造项目基本<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不调整法定规划，规划落实效果好，有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">效地保障规划的权威性和政府的公信力。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 成本可控。基于统一的拆赔标<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">准和固定的实施企业投资收益等制度设</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">计，政府基本上可确保大部分项目成本</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">可控。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3) 单个项目推进速度可控。政府<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">可充分发挥行政资源优势，高效利用棚</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">户区改造等更新政策，并且棚户区居民</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对政府公信力较为认可，自发支持配合</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改造工作，因此更新推进速度更快，一</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">般在4～5年完工。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(4) 整体推进速度可控。政府通过<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">棚户区改造计划等城市更新计划，控制</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新项目的推进数量和周期，并主导每</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">个项目的进程，有利于城市更新工作的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整体有序推进。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府主导模式的劣势主要体现在更<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新弹性、效率方面，如北京各级政府要</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对棚户区改造等更新项目的资金兜底承</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">担巨大的金融风险；更新热点在危旧房</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改造、城中村改造之间切换，工业区大</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规模更新改造并未推开；政府对市场主</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体的激励不足，开发商更新动力不足，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">只有做大成本提高收益基数的冲动，更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新效率难以提高，城市更新市场的预期</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不稳定。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会主导模式宏观可控、微观高效，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">但刚性控制、政策落实较弱</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在社会主导模式中，政府和市场<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在持续不断地进行多轮动态博弈和再平</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">衡，社会主体的精细化需求倒逼政府形</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">成更加精细化的管理体系，构建了一套</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">宏观可控、微观高效的精细化弹性化动</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">态适应机制，以确保城市更新工作快速</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">有序推进。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在宏观可控方面，政府以全局更新<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规则的动态调整实现对城市更新的宏观</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">把控。首先，政府不运作具体的更新项</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">目，不涉及巨额资金投入，财政风险可</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">控。其次，政府通过调整各类不同性质</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的用地更新政策，引导城市向城中村改</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">造、工业区改造和旧住宅区改造等方向</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">推进。例如，深圳 2004 年出台《深圳</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市城中村 ( 旧村 ) 改造暂行规定》，开</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">启城市中最为棘手的城中村改造工作，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">推动了岗厦、蔡屋围等一大批城中村改</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">造；2014年出台《关于加强和改进城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新实施工作的暂行措施》，开启了“工</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改工”项目的综合改造热潮。最后，政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">府制定了系列宏观层面的规划和规章制</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">度，引导城市更新的项目向政府规划重</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">点区域集中。例如，为了进一步推进特</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区外城市更新，深圳于2017年在修订《深</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">圳市城市规划标准与准则》的密度分区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">时，增加了原特区外密度一区、二区的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">范围，并将各级中心区的核心地区分别</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">纳入密度一区、二区、三区，大幅提高</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">了原特区外地区的更新操作空间；截至</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2017 年 6 月，在列入城市更新计划的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">项目中，原特区外项目数量占比提高到</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">76％。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在微观高效方面，政府通过一整套<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">微观激励机制充分激发市场活力。首先，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府将项目层面的更新操作完全交给更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">高效的市场主体，合理地调和了自身与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市场的效率关系。政府加强监督，市场</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多点推动，大幅提高了全局的更新效率。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其次，深圳将更新立项权的发起环节完</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">全交由业主，业主具有发起更新和选择</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">合作开发商的权力，有效保障了业主参</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与更新并分享城市发展成果的权益。而</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自发发起的城市更新也有助于提高更新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">项目与更新需求的匹配程度，提高更新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">效率。再次，城市更新规划编制权和增</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">值收益的超额部分基本属于开发商，极</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大地激发了开发商的主观能动性。开发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">商在空间品质、形象魅力及产业业态等</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">方面的规划设计和招商中会倾尽全力提</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">高项目收益，进而提高城市空间品质和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">运营效率。最后，政府制定的相对稳定</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的更新制度体系，有利于形成相对稳定</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的更新预期，维持多元主体的参与热情</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和相对稳定的人才团队。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会主导模式的劣势主要体现在<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">刚性控制、政策落实方面，如深圳城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新专项规划的主要目标在于最大程度</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地调高规划容积率和实现土地改性，对</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">法定规划的刚性控制作用造成了极大冲</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">击；由于业主与开发主体就更新项目的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">获取存在博弈，更新项目的拆赔标准被</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不断抬升，更新成本也越来越高；更新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">工作的具体推进取决于市场，政府宏观</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">调控具有滞后性，一般而言项目实施周</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">期达到8年以上。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/EicrqhutASjSfULzUo5ZwpMVXicIKqPc6iaPNcGl85QvdoGUQynkMaAgM6eMXTYdoUIHkxwoudeKoAIQ6ozKcbUyA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 5px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: white;padding: 10px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">两种模式面临的困境分析</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">北京：巨量更新需求得不到释放，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市存量盘活进程受阻</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">北京由政府主导的城市更新模式在<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">微观激励机制上的缺失造成城市更新效</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">率偏低，随着城市居住区的不断老化和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">内部功能调整，城市内部积压了大量的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新需求，且在存量发展转型期表现得</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">尤为凸显。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 棚户区改造等居住区改造受制<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">于政府财力，大量棚户区更新需求被长</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">期压制。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">相较于深圳调动起全社会的资本和<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">力量参与城市更新，北京无论是 20 世</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">纪80～90年代的危旧房改造还是目前</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的棚户区改造，城市更新的数量和规模</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">始终受制于北京市政府财政资金的投入</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">能力以及中央政策的支持力度。然而，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在金融收紧和化解地方债的大背景下，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">北京市政府也不能过分承担城市更新所</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">带来的地方债务风险，导致更新的可持</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">续性不强，大量的危旧房片区和棚户区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改造需求无法进入政府的视野。例如，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经过20世纪90年代大规模危旧房改造</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">后，截至 2006 年底北京仍有 362 万平</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">方米的危旧房亟待改造。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2)在北京工业疏解的大背景下，工<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">业用地更新改造需求仍缺乏满足的途径。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">相比深圳积极在工业用地更新上调</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">动市场热情，北京工业用地更新途径仍</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">然相对单一，主要是通过政府收储并进</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">行招拍挂出让。由于收储的价格与企业</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">期望落差较大，且政府缺乏强有力的收</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">储政策支持，企业宁愿出租闲置也不愿</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">自有土地被收储。因此，在北京产业结</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">构持续调整、大量工业用地闲置或低效</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">使用的情况下，工业用地更新推进仍非</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">常缓慢，制约了城市效率的提升。随着</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">京津冀协同发展和北京疏解非首都核心</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">功能等战略的不断推进，北京城市内部</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大量待外迁的工业、物流用地将成为城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市更新的重点，急需加快更新政策创新。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 2px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 8px;margin-right: 5px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）</p></section><section style="padding: 0px 5px;display: inline-block;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">深圳：更新负外部性不断累积，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">急需寻找合理的解决途径</span></p></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">深圳的社会更新模式相对忽视更新<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的负外部性控制，随着更新项目的增多，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新的负外部性不断累积，急需梳理并</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">寻找合理的解决途径。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 拆赔博弈缺乏有效管控，大幅<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">提高更新项目实施难度。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">深圳城市更新的拆赔博弈不够透<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">明，虽能提高业主的参与热情，但负外</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">部性也非常突出。一方面，开发商在更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新项目上的竞争不断推高拆赔标准和更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新成本，导致很多原本具有经济可行性</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的待更新地区的更新实施难度提高，如</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城中村的拆赔比已经从最开始的 1 ∶ 1</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">提高到目前的 1 ∶ 1.3。另一方面，由</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">于开发商缺乏强制征收的手段，越是坚</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">持晚拆迁的业主越能得到更高的赔偿，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在长期的正向反馈下，钉子户将越来越</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多，大幅延长了城市更新的拆赔博弈周</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">期，提高了更新成本。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 更新立项阶段缺乏统筹，导致<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">开发商“挑肥拣瘦”和城市空间破碎化。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">深圳关于更新立项的系列安排虽<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">然提高了业主的热情和城市更新的速</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">度，但是在客观上也让开发商“挑肥拣</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">瘦”，造成待更新空间的破碎化。由《深</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">圳市城市更新办法实施细则》可知，城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市更新项目拆除范围下限规模过小，仅</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为 3000m2。因此，拥有拆除重建范</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">围划定权的开发商可以在成片的待更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新地区中遴选出经济可行性较高的更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新地块，而将拆除难度较大的地块及业</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">主排除在外。长此以往，剩下的待更新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地区往往是建筑密度大、更新成本高的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">地区，且与已更新地区犬牙交错，使城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市空间破碎化现象加剧。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3)更新专项规划存在合成谬误，城<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市基础设施承压大，存在城市安全隐患。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">深圳的城市更新专项规划作为修<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建性详细规划，在片区统筹上存在天然</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">缺陷。尽管政府在规划博弈阶段为保证</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划的科学性，严控拆建比，并进行交</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通影响评价、基础设施影响评价等各种</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划支撑研究，但是市场逐利的特性导</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">致更新专项规划以追求空间增量为核心</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">诉求，规划博弈的焦点在于突破法定图</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">则的建筑规模及后续弥补措施。单个城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市更新专项规划点状突破的影响或许可</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">控，但是不同时期批复的城市更新项目</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的合成谬误，将会导致实际建筑量突破</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">法定图则基于城市基础设施承载能力确</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">定的最大可建设量，造成城市基础设施</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">超负荷运转，给城市带来安全隐患。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><img data-ratio="0.3692308" data-w="65" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/EicrqhutASjSfULzUo5ZwpMVXicIKqPc6iaPNcGl85QvdoGUQynkMaAgM6eMXTYdoUIHkxwoudeKoAIQ6ozKcbUyA/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-type="gif"  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;margin: 0px 15%;width: 70%;height: 2em;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="line-height: 1;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);padding: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 240);font-size: 21px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">五    城市更新模式优化建议</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -1.6em;height: 2em;clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 25%;height: 0px;float: left;border-top: 1em solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-bottom: 1em solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-left: 1em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 25%;height: 0px;float: right;border-top: 1em solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-bottom: 1em solid rgb(33, 71, 215);border-right: 1em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: dashed;border-color: black;padding: 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为提高城市更新效率、降低政府风<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">险及满足大规模城市更新需求，建议处</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">于更新制度初创阶段的城市应充分借鉴</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">深圳和北京的经验，合理界定政府与市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">场的角色，处理好拆赔博弈、规划博弈</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和地价博弈三个核心环节中公权力与市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">场的关系，不断优化政府—业主—开发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">商三者动态博弈的规则，调动市场积极</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">性，规避市场负外部性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(1) 更新立项和拆赔博弈阶段宜授<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权于民，但应加强管控以规避负外部性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在更新立项阶段，建议借鉴深圳模<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">式，将更新立项权的发起环节交给业主，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">调动业主的参与热情，加速包括工业区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改造在内的城市更新进程；同时，为了</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规避深圳模式的负外部性，建议借鉴北</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">京模式加强公权力的介入力度。在更新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">立项阶段，制定严格的立项规则，强化</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">拆除重建范围等核心要素的管控，注重</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新的片区统筹，实现“肥瘦搭配”。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在拆赔博弈阶段，制定统一的更新拆赔</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">上限标准，确保更新成本可控，同时保</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">留业主为了更快改善生活条件主动降低</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">拆赔要求的可能性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(2) 规划编制和规划博弈阶段宜加<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">强法定规划的动态适应性，实现法定规</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">划引领城市更新。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划博弈机制的确立建议借鉴深圳<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">经验，设立城市更新专项规划作为规划</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">博弈平台，但需制定法定规划宏观管控</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体系及落实机制，确保法定规划对城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">更新的引领地位。同时，为规避更新专</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">项规划对法定规划的过度冲击，建议加</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">强法定控规的更新统筹、经济可行性支</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">撑和技术指标的多情景模拟等研究，以</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">增强法定规划的动态适应性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(3)增值收益分配和地价博弈阶段，<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政府宜适度让利，以加快可行性较差地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区的更新。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在增值收益的分配上，北京和深圳<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分别处在两个极端，都没有建立起相对</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">完善的地价博弈框架。建议吸取两种模</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">式的长处，建立起政府适度让利的动态</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">博弈框架，加快城市更新的进程。在确</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">保市场可行的拆建比范围内，更新地价</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">适当降低可以提高更新的积极性，但是</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在超出市场合理拆建比的部分，需将容</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">积率增加部分阶梯式与保障性住房建设、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">补缴地价挂钩。而在业主更新意愿强烈</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">但经济可行性较 低的城市更新地块，建</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">议建立地价与拆赔比联动机制，做到拆</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">赔比越低、地价补缴越低，实现政府与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">业主共同让利，以推进城市更新。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 5px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);background-position: 233.929% 1.8202%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 107.589%;background-attachment: scroll;background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/zbwrmpEkYgvVibplicclmuAgAiaQ7hWp2lJZGtGZDY8cxP7zOmKbW1WReadx05ias2T2LxIT0E3icRa4vxcZd68FltA/640?wx_fmt=png");box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">来源：2018年06期<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;">杂志</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(132, 81, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(110, 110, 110);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新媒体编辑：肖莉</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">审读：郭敬锋<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 0px 1.5em;margin-bottom: -35px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;width: 100%;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2018年06期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>拆除重建类城市更新的改造模式和困境对比<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">》</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0.5em 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-radius: 0.5em 0.5em 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 14px;padding: 5px 10px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《规划师》近期好文推荐</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="border-radius: 0px 0px 0.5em 0.5em;border-right: 1px solid rgb(192, 200, 209);border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(192, 200, 209);border-left: 1px solid rgb(192, 200, 209);border-top: none rgb(192, 200, 209);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 5px 10px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛6】面向城市治理的北京朝阳区街区设计导则编制<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">33岁的《规划师》杂志改版：打造“全领域”规划类期刊<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">《规划师》2019年“规划师论坛”栏目主题新鲜出炉</p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛5】城市更新治理视角下的土地增值利益再分配 —— 广州交通设施用地再开发利用实践思考<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛4】城市治理价值塑型导向下的佛山近期建设规划创新<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛3】城市非正规性及其规划治理的中外研究比较评述<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛2】后增长主义时期社区社企合作空间治理 模式的思考<br style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);word-wrap: break-word !important;">【规划师论坛1】新马克思主义视角下我国治理型城市更新模式 —— 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