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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahWfkYPiaX1Y9kN7jEeB5SIFlnwKqTicDsoRLZJPaDm7pTo3Wf2ibF7ib3xw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(24, 54, 118);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);margin-top: -30px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 24px;color: rgb(108, 139, 156);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">导 读</strong></em></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(108, 139, 156);line-height: 2;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源法律是调整人们在自然资源的开发、利用、保护和管理过程中形成的资源权属关系、资源流转关系、资源管理关系和其他经济社会关系的法律规范的总称。只有不断完善自然资源法律体系，才能为生态文明建设提供持久的动力和保障。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 2.6em;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em;height: 2.6em;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;line-height: 2.6em;text-align: center;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(45, 66, 87);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 50%;margin-top: 0.36em;margin-bottom: 0.35em;margin-left: 0.44em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em;width: 0px;border-top: 1.1em solid rgb(45, 66, 87);border-left: 1em solid transparent !important;border-right: 1.12em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;margin-bottom: -0.5em;margin-left: -1.5em;padding-right: 10px;border-bottom: 1px dashed rgb(45, 66, 87);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;margin-left: 1.3em;padding-left: 5px;line-height: 1.5;font-size: 21px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">现状                                </strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin: -10px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">为自然资源保护和管理提供法律保障</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源法律体系基本形成</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">我国一直十分重视自然资源立法工作，《共同纲领》和1954年宪法都有关于自然资源的专条表述。1982年现行宪法也明确规定自然资源属于国家所有，国家保障自然资源的合理利用，禁止任何组织或者个人用任何手段侵占或者破坏自然资源等。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">2018年通过的宪法修正案，将生态文明写入宪法，为新时代生态文明建设提供了根本法保障。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《物权法》</strong>完善了自然资源物权体系，建立了不动产统一登记制度，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">将资源有偿使用制度、用途管制制度等自然资源基本制度以民事基本法的形式确立下来</span>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《民法总则》</strong>也将绿色原则确立为民事活动应当遵循的基本原则，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">明确规定民事主体从事民事活动，应当有利于节约资源、保护生态环境</span>。这些都是自然资源法的重要渊源。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">随着<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">1984年我国第一部自然资源单行法《森林法》的出台，我国自然资源立法进入了一个快速发展的时期</span>。之后，国家陆续出台了《土地管理法》《矿产资源法》《草原法》《渔业法》《水法》《海域使用法》《节约能源法》《领海和毗连区法》等一大批自然资源单行法。适应经济发展和改革的深化，又对单行法进行了多次修改和完善。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding-right: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeah33hXB15wFwO5l31M8dILhIBPPUQ5CmlMic5fCjB6odib9CiaB0diaSaxtw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding-left: 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahEIM4lsmjHicSovPZGkZmIE1lc7ibpZUuCibL7CyibqSxb9aa5ZSAQKeZRA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">迄今为止，我国已制定颁布了20余部自然资源相关单行法，近百部涉及自然资源的行政法规和地方性法规，几百部部门规章和地方政府规章，加上我国参加的《气候变化框架公约》《生物多样性公约》《海洋法公约》《世界文化和自然遗产保护公约》等国际条约。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">可以说，我国已基本形成了<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">以《宪法》为根本法，以《物权法》《民法通则》《民法总则》为基础，以《土地管理法》《矿产资源法》《森林法》《草原法》《水法》《海域使用法》等单行法为主干，以多部行政法规和规章、地方性法规规章为补充的自然资源法律体系</span>，自然资源立法已经基本涵盖了我国自然资源开发、利用、保护和管理的主要方面，自然资源法制建设基本实现了有法可依、有章可循。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">从总体上看，我国自然资源法律体系对保护生态平衡和生态安全，促进经济、社会和环境的协调发展起到了积极的作用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源法律制度的主要内容</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一是明确了自然资源所有权制度。</strong>《宪法》规定“<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">矿藏、水流、森林、山岭、草原、荒地、滩涂等自然资源，都属于国家所有，即全民所有</span>；由法律规定属于集体所有的森林、山岭、草原、荒地、滩涂除外。”《物权法》在《土地管理法》《森林法》等单行法律规定的基础上，进一步重申了自然资源的国家所有和集体所有，明确了国有自然资源的范围，规定了权利行使的程序和监督等重要事项，这对于抽象化的自然资源所有权制度是一个重要补充。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源所有权的主体是<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">国家和集体</strong>，自然资源的国家所有权由国务院代表行使，集体所有权由集体经济组织统一行使。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahtTkMPYQYRkdRkRnv1HyF6U8hyeCsSqqwsicUC3gWNLWGGCslyyBicic9w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二是确立了自然资源所有权使用权相分离的制度。</strong>这是自然资源产权制度的重要内容，是自然资源有偿使用的前提。长期以来，我国强调自然资源的国家所有，禁止自然资源进入市场流转。随着改革的深入，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">我国开始探索自然资源所有权和使用权相分离的制度安排，允许在所有权不变的前提下，实行使用权转让。</span>这种法律变动是从上个世纪九十年代开始的，包括《土地管理法》和一些单行自然资源法，逐步放开自然资源使用权的转让。《物权法》用益物权和担保物权两章都对自然资源使用权制度进行了规定，统一了自然资源这一类特定物的物权体系。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三是确立了自然资源有偿使用制度。</strong><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">我国国有自然资源有偿使用制度始于20世纪80年代初的国有建设用地</span>，1988年宪法修正案增加了“土地的使用权可以依照法律的规定转让”的条款，《土地管理法》修改增加了“国有土地和集体所有的土地的使用权可以依法转让”。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">1990年颁布的《中华人民共和国城镇国有土地使用权出让和转让暂行条例》和1994年颁布的《城市房地产管理法》对土地有偿使用制度作了较为全面的规定，拉开了自然资源有偿使用制度改革的序幕。</span>此后修改或制定的《矿产资源法》《森林法》《水法》《海域使用管理法》《海岛保护法》等分别确立了森林、林木、水资源、海域、海岛有偿使用的法律制度。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四是建立了自然资源开发利用的行政监管制度。</strong><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">《土地管理法》确立了以耕地保护为核心的土地用途管制制度，将土地按用途进行分类</span>，划分为农用地、建设用地和未利用地，将土地利用总体规划作为政府实施用途管制的重要依据，对农用地转为建设用地实行严格的控制。这一土地管理的根本制度，为其他自然资源开发利用的管理树立了典范。当前我国已建立了包括土地、森林、草原、水域等自然资源开发利用的行政监管制度，并对其中比较重要的区域划定了自然保护区、森林公园、地质公园等加以保护。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahfP6tibVU3MqKqkX1vgzHMoYFnYjJiaKSNTTOP2uHSQ9qITJZ7cCU5ZDg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 2.6em;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em;height: 2.6em;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;line-height: 2.6em;text-align: center;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(45, 66, 87);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 50%;margin-top: 0.36em;margin-bottom: 0.35em;margin-left: 0.44em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em;width: 0px;border-top: 1.1em solid rgb(45, 66, 87);border-left: 1em solid transparent !important;border-right: 1.12em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;margin-bottom: -0.5em;margin-left: -1.5em;padding-right: 10px;border-bottom: 1px dashed rgb(45, 66, 87);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;margin-left: 1.3em;padding-left: 5px;line-height: 1.5;font-size: 21px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">挑战                                       </strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin: -10px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">对生态文明体制改革指引、规范和支撑作用不足</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">我国自然资源法律体系的构建虽然为我国自然资源的保护和管理提供了相当的法律保障，但其体系的构成、原则的组成、制度的建设尚存在不系统、不完整、不适应、不科学的问题和缺陷，对当今生态文明体制改革的指引、规范和支撑作用显著不足，主要存在以下问题：</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">可持续发展的立法理念尚未建立</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">法律理念是对法律的本质及其发展规律的一种宏观的、整体的理性认识和把握，是认识论、方法论和本体论有机结合的产物。法律理念作为法的最高价值目标和精神内核，是法之灵魂所在。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">现行的各自然资源单行法，有相当一部分是在计划经济体制下制定的，缺乏可持续发展的立法理念。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">可持续发展</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">是指既满足当代人的需要，又不对后代人满足其需要的能力构成危害的发展，</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">其核心是按自然规律办事</strong><span style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></span>与传统的发展观相比，可持续发展更加<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">强调人类的生态伦理道德，强调经济、社会、资源和环境保护的协调发展，强调既要达到发展经济的目的，又要保护好人类赖以生存的大气、淡水、海洋、土地、森林、矿产等自然资源和环境</span>，使子孙后代能够永续发展和安居乐业。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahHoOic55rIhy9D9ib2cfRemBhgpYn58IfZwU9cqEn2A0PETWFP2mV6lsQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">尊重和体现自然生态规律是自然资源立法必须遵循的基本原则。</span>我国的自然资源单行法尽管大多进行了修订，更加关注资源的合理利用和保护，但<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">总体来说，还没有树立可持续发展的立法理念</span>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">如在立法指导思想上重单一资源的开发管理、轻生态系统的综合保护；侧重于从国家角度对自然资源关系进行公法调整，疏于从民事角度对自然资源予以私法规制；重视行政权力调整，缺乏激励机制设计。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在制度设计、基本原则、法律责任上重义务规范、轻权利规范，重经济效益、轻产权保护，重行政手段调整、轻市场化配置方式，这都大大削弱了自然资源法律关系主体遵守和适用自然资源法律的利益驱动，需要根据生态文明体制改革的需要作出调整。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">资源立法领域还存在不少空白</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">主要体现在<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源基本法律缺位</span>，国土空间开发保护、自然资源资产管理、自然资源监管领域基础性法律还未制定，产权保护法律制度尚不健全，自然资源法律体系中一些支柱性法律的修改进程不甚理想，一些实践中行之有效的改革经验还未上升为法律，在自然资源管理技术规范和标准体系上，也存在一些空白。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源市场化配置机制未全面落实</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">主要体现在</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源有偿使用制度进展不平衡</span>，国有建设用地、探矿权采矿权、水、海域海岛已建立了相对完善的有偿使用制度，国有农用地和未利用地、国有森林、国有草原等资源有偿使用制度尚未建立，形成全民所有自然资源资产有偿使用制度双轨制，不利于国家所有者权益的保护。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">同时，由于受传统观念的影响，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">资源价格制度建设未予足够重视，资源的价值没有得到真实全面的反应</span>，加剧了资源利用效率低下、破坏浪费严重的局面，迫切需要加强相关自然资源立法改善这种局面。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahZ1fljwa6FekR5GA1yc967DcDJruo8xlP5ptSbRmUKWSNRqpsNXd1mA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源产权制度存在突出问题</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一是自然资源产权虚置，特别是全民所有自然资源资产产权主体代表缺乏明确法律规定。</strong>我国生态环境保护中存在的一些突出问题，一定程度上与体制不健全有关，原因之一是全民所有自然资源资产的所有权人不到位，所有权人权益不落实。根据我国现行法律规定，所有自然资源均归国家和集体所有，但<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">由于缺乏具体的资源产权主体代表，在制度上没有明确中央政府、地方政府、各相关部门的职责，形成众多资源利用、利益分配上的矛盾</span>，从而导致各种开发者都争夺资源开发权益而不顾自然资源可持续利用的严峻局面。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二是自然资源使用权权利体系不健全。</strong>国有农用地等部分全民所有自然资源使用权权利基础缺失，海域使用权等部分已有使用权权能不完整，不利于充分体现资源价值，也不利于保护产权主体财产权益。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源法律冲突大量存在</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">受体制机制的影响，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">目前我国多部自然资源单行法之间缺乏清晰明确的整体设计，调整对象交叉、内容重复</span>，相关法律法规的立法往往是割裂的、分散的、脱节的，自然资源法律的整合效应难以真正发挥。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">例如，《土地管理法》《森林法》《草原法》《水法》等法律法规在土地资源、森林资源、草原资源、水资源的调查和确权登记管理方面不衔接，在调整范围上有交叉，导致同一土地资源同时受到多个资源法律的调整，有关法律主体无所适从，执法部门之间相互推诿扯皮，从而影响土地资源的保护和管理。同一种野生植物，长在林地里和长在草原上或者其他土地上，也是由不同部门来管理。同是湿地，也要有七八个部门进行不同管理。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahBMDC7atV9L2FOgDokiaNibiaFfbD0AzhnaTYibm6Bje8ibTlmNvSoZuyAdg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">规划依照《土地管理法》《城乡规划法》等法律法规，土地利用总体规划、城乡规划等由多个不同部门编制，各部门分头管理，信息沟通不畅，衔接不够，规划目标、编制方法、技术标准存在差异，规划重叠和矛盾问题屡见不鲜，“种树的只管种树、治水的只管治水、护田的单纯护田”，不但<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">人为割裂了自然资源之间的有机联系，造成了职能交叉重复以及资源浪费，而且也不利于生态系统的有效保护</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">责任追究制度和监管机制不完善</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">地方政府及相关领导的责任追究制度在立法中亟待明确，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">对领导干部实行自然资源的离任审计和生态环境损害责任的终身追究制度有待全面落实</span>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">节约资源、保护生态环境的标准和考核评价机制不完善</span>，依靠经济手段、技术手段和法律手段的激励约束机制还未真正建立。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahtqMkL3hggucQOGdeXia9k4ezg9JFIJmHaMUYYM0mXGac4TQWXJhq4xA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 2.6em;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em;height: 2.6em;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;line-height: 2.6em;text-align: center;border-radius: 50%;background-color: rgb(45, 66, 87);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 50%;margin-top: 0.36em;margin-bottom: 0.35em;margin-left: 0.44em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%;height: 100%;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em;width: 0px;border-top: 1.1em solid rgb(45, 66, 87);border-left: 1em solid transparent !important;border-right: 1.12em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;margin-bottom: -0.5em;margin-left: -1.5em;padding-right: 10px;border-bottom: 1px dashed rgb(45, 66, 87);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;margin-left: 1.3em;padding-left: 5px;line-height: 1.5;font-size: 21px;color: rgb(45, 66, 87);text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">变革与重构                             </strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin: -10px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding-left: 50px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(45, 66, 87);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源法治建设须适应生态文明体制改革需要</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">新一轮机构改革，对自然资源和生态环境的管理体制进行了重大调整。此次<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">改革秉持整体性、系统性和重构性的原则，坚持一类事项由一个部门统筹，一件事情由一个部门负责，统一行使自然资源资产所有者职责，统一行使全民所有国土空间用途管制和生态保护修复职责</span>，这就对我国自然资源法治建设提出了更高要求，自然资源法治建设必须适应生态文明体制改革的需要，法治建设和法律体系的全面构建任重而道远。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">制定自然资源基本法</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">山水林田湖草生命共同体建设以及自然资源永续利用的要求，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源立法亟待解决的首要问题是制定一部自然资源基本法，将符合新时代生态文明建设要求的法律思想、法律理念、法律价值取向纳入基本法</span>，在法律内容上解决自然资源立法中的分散问题，明确自然资源管理的基本原则和通用制度，明确全民所有自然资源资产所有者职责和监管机制，保障自然资源管理的协同性、统一性和有序性。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahoSm3XQfcxPhoPmSbSw02hsibBcP5fZ3hyIlgN5tJNQpAdtpM2M0XzeQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">弥补自然资源立法空白</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">抓住机构改革的良好契机，落实生态文明体制改革的要求，从法律完善的角度查漏补缺和机制创新。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">可考虑制定<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">国土空间规划法</strong>，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">落实自然资源用途管制和空间规划制度</span>，以统一、协调、权威的国土空间规划为依据建立空间规划体系。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">制定<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源有偿使用法</strong>，扩大有偿使用范围、健全使用权权利体系、明确所有权具体代表、完善有偿使用规则等。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">制定<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源资产核算法</strong>，构建归属清晰、权责明确、监管有效的自然资源资产产权制度。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeaho3jQTtsbvbMIf2UkrULVZFz041zOtibnia4e4Aia7efZvicRN0faO2wAGQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">应当<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">立法落实自然资源严格保护与集约利用制度，自然资源开发利用和保护贯穿生态文明建设全过程</span>，坚持最严格的资源保护制度、落实最严格的资源节约制度，应包括落实耕地保护和占补平衡制度，健全草原、森林、湿地保护和占用补偿制度，建立生态保护红线、永久基本农田、城镇开发边界“三线”管控制度，创新节水、节地、节矿机制，完善建设围填海制度。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">应当<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">立法落实自然资源生态修复与补偿制度</span>。把治地、治矿、治水、治海、治山、治草、治林相结合，统筹推动山水林田湖草综合整治修复，切实提升资源环境承载能力。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">制定<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">自然资源监管法</strong>，构建监管统一、执法严明、多方参与的共治体系。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">加快推进单行法律修改</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">一方面要<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">积极推进正在进行的《土地管理法》《矿产资源法》《草原法》等自然资源单行法律修改</span>，将相关自然资源管理制度改革、农村土地制度改革成果及时吸收上升为法律。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">另一方面根据机构职责整合的要求，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">对《城市房地产管理法》《森林法》《森林法实施条例》中有关不动产登记的规定进行修改</span>，《城乡规划法》《村庄和集镇规划建设管理条例》中村庄和集镇规划的管理职能进行修改。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeah7VeeQyMhzg664ribv8xwkW8cqMeia1bMyCsmBKmazRpsmdG4P2gJO0GQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-17px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="margin-top: 4px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;line-height: 1;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">提高自然资源立法质量</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一是要加强法律的整合梳理。</strong>加快消除法律规范之间存在的不完整、不协调、不统一的现象，将自然资源法律体系变成协调统一的整体。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">法律规定有缺项的，及时补充。已有的法律规定，有些需要及时修改完善，有些需要进一步配套、解释，有些不合时宜的内容及时废止。不同法律之间监督管理内容相近重合的，及时整合调整。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二是加强法律的有效衔接。</strong>各自然资源单行法应当落实宪法、物权法的规定，统一制度设计，细化操作规范。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">各自然资源单行法之间，应当根据不同自然资源的不同属性，明确职责界限，区分调整重点。</span>各单行法与配套法规、部门规章之间，应当相互呼应、适当授权、及时补充，避免法律制度不到位，立法目的落空。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">国家立法与地方立法之间，应当适应地方自然资源管理和保护的需要，为地方立法留下空间。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三是加强法律的可操作性。</strong>提高立法技术，确保法律规范科学合理，各主体的权利义务明确对应，权责处罚相当，法律责任易于认定，增强法律的操作性与可执行性。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: 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0px;display: inline-block;opacity: 0.6;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="width: 0px;display: inline-block;border-left: 0.6em solid rgb(70, 127, 156);border-top: 0.5em solid transparent !important;border-bottom: 0.5em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;line-height: 1.2;padding-left: 3px;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(7, 99, 151);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">提升全社会保护和合理利用自然资源的法治意识</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" 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src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/q8sO8D8U37ye5AHWib5rpGSF60NDWfeahtcibGlkxhcmRZfdqEa1XibWzpz4mzUXK1U3urLcIkkOQtticrAnyloxfg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;padding-right: 15px;padding-left: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">要<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">向全社会宣传普及自然资源法律知识，把自然资源法律交给人民群众，教育人民群众尊法守法学法用法</span>。要加强自然资源法治文化建设，形成“保护资源，人人有责”的生态文化，让公民能够自觉保护资源，能够利用自然资源法律维护自身的权益，形成让资源违法者“无地自容”的良好社会氛围。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: 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