国匠城工作台

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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 5px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 95%;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBH4SDZBPOmvFXib9iaMPnHBzRW5icVTeVibz0gIPcRca41qo82picXm4mf0A/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 95%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(178, 185, 192) 1px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 25px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 25px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);text-align: justify;white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" powered-by="gulangu" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="margin-bottom: 4px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;font-size: 18px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(250, 233, 153);"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">引言</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 60px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">波特兰位于美国西部的俄勒冈州，临近威拉米特河汇入哥伦比亚河的河口，是美国西北地区第二大城市，其独特的地理位置造就了波特兰特殊的气候。<span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);text-align: justify;">这样的气候非常适宜种植玫瑰，波兰特市内有许多玫瑰园，因此也有“玫瑰之城”的美誉。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">波特兰不仅被称为“玫瑰之城”，还因为拥有众多的河流和溪流而被称为“河城”。在这样一个降水充沛、河流密布的城市，雨洪管理系统的高效运作成为城市发展的重点。经过约半个世纪的发展，波特兰市形成了独特而又成熟的城市生态体系。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBHaBlHaKzWAyia14gXEzO7J2mPzcUB5k1eLIBxWscCowJ4JMJsnJs5ZA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰地理位置示意图</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">波特兰市由于临近太平洋，介于地中海气候和温带海洋性气候之间，冬天温暖多雨，夏天炎热干燥，全年气候适宜，降雨量丰沛。降雨天数约占全年天数的一半，而降雨水平相对较小，以中雨、小雨为主。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKB2ianY6fBsjAYJrIrhJWFawBodzsSkcdQFBNiatRkFp0iahfVkY098JYLQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰国际玫瑰试验园</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong><span style="color: rgb(48, 72, 128);">波特兰的生态环境政策可以追溯到20世纪70年代</span></strong>：早在1970 年代初期波特兰所在的俄勒冈州就建立了完善的州一级的土地利用规划体系；1973 年起全面推进<span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">“</span>城市增长边界”管理，州立法机关采纳了开创性的《参议院第100 号议案》（也称《俄勒冈土地利用法》），限制城市无序蔓延，保护森林和农田。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKB3aAZYA3YXYUGOJt69bichfN2ZS7xmqyyoN8BfAvbuqVXLAe9Iwml2XQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰2040成长概念地图</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">得益于此，波特兰保存了大量的城郊森林资源作为生态过滤屏障。同时，在密度不断提高的城市中心区域，波特兰还保留了许多公园及开放空间，大量的植被也削减了粉尘污染。此外，<span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">波特兰交通方面的措施也有效控制了地表径流污染源，增加了雨水回收的可行性。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKB3CeibYicqOicpNWQGwrAbBhBTic967yYIwFyFiczUVpvoODaBb4uzZG4fkQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰市的有轨电车</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">波特兰的交通系统以紧密接驳的公交系统和慢行系统为特色：有轨电车连接区域主要节点，辅以智能化的公交系统，削弱城市居民对私人汽车的依赖。波特兰市自1973年开始将自行车交通引入城市规划，建立起以自行车为主的慢行系统。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBOKIqM4Nh4XZiaMnXLK8pHHWskatP4T0qtE4Zn7sQ7hAQzbgqT1TibueA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">威拉米特河畔的慢行系统</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br  /></span></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBI9HAQgmEiaMPAQFxyRdb89WM3HicLDyoctvFSuzbU7Pzeu5pvszeZIzg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"></span><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰轻轨车厢设有单车停滞处，乘客可携带自行车乘轻轨</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">2005年，波特兰启动城市流域管理规划项目，涉及水文调控、水质改善、流域栖息地保护等多个层面。基于此，2008年波特兰市环境服务局负责的“Grey to Green”项目应运而生。“Grey to Green”项目为期五年，旨在通过市政府与社区的合作，推动波特兰绿色基础设施建设，辅助流域管理以改善城市河流水质、水文情况。<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">该项目不仅涉及建设新的绿色基础设施，还与可持续雨洪管理及公众教育活动有关，通过它们之间的紧密联系，组建起一套能够自我运行的城市生态系统。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(250, 233, 153);color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;margin-bottom: 4px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1.绿色基础设施建设</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">绿色基础设施（Green Infrastructure）是指可以通过植物和土壤收集并管理雨水的设施，包括绿色街道、生态屋顶和雨水花园等。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBqgZwbINWyibpyPT3u49wZicia8VN0enrCzdtNuoKhAo3gJUTy1VBMAdxA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰市的一些绿色基础设施</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">绿色基础设施还包括城市的自然资源，如树木、溪流、开放空间和自然湿地。绿色基础设施与下水管道、涵洞以及道路桥梁共同形成了较为成熟的雨洪管理设施系统，主要建设的内容为绿色街道与建筑单体雨洪管理。</p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(250, 233, 153);color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;margin-bottom: 4px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2.绿色街道策略</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBJYInqOv7RI2c1M4H1QJv6fKpEiaVIPLSO3t92Szf5f9vQxibgIfribJhA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰的街道</span></p><p><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">绿色街道的营造是对现状道路宽度、纵坡坡度、土壤排水性能、植被等<span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">进行</span>有相应限制条件地新建或改造。除街道设施的营造外，波特兰还在社区推广“绿色街道管理小组<span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">”</span>计划。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBicqJ67mUx0XccZkPAXXBuoFjqDr0lP5SgRgV6HV3lxF1EEl9WQlygqg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰NE Siskiyou绿色街道</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这项计划鼓励企业或个人协助照料街道绿化，从而美化社区；环境服务局负责监测基础设施性能并改进设计，并通过社区和政府的配合来降低维护成本。目前，波特兰市已成立867个绿色街道管理小组，更多的<span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">绿色街道管理</span>小组也在持续组建中。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKB5eNfjvNbcB24q0sAmaC6mRibUUHRic2IHXV5vV6RkJu90g9oGUsYWcKw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰蒙哥马利西南绿色街道</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(250, 233, 153);color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;margin-bottom: 4px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3.建筑单体与生态屋顶建设</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKB2WS7QbAcJuJrETiaUrcp6YqXDHz5RWqJrpia6rxCcibaga6zTc5NjQuUA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">生态屋顶与种植池</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">生态屋顶是在建筑屋面等构筑物表面进行绿化所营造出的特殊生态空间。<span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">自2008年以来，波特兰共有191个生态屋顶建成，面积约11英亩，相当于8个足球场大小。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBNTJKDKiau82NqtZ8gL2GnruL1o81c9D6IWy0O5CYibgesyICAUeWmuAA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰HOKE别墅</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">数百加仑的雨水会在到达地面之前被生态屋顶吸收，再通过落水管流入种植池或植草沟。目前，波特兰仍有300多处生态屋顶在设计建造当中，生态屋顶也将与光伏面板进行配对，或设计为鸟类栖息地，以最大限度地发挥其效益。</p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 2px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKB5ToYg8ibJWyQQHFygJPFhxxThVoiaiaf7O9yhS80VHyXJvNWw5xekNLPg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰日本禅意花园</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="background-color: rgb(250, 233, 153);color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;margin-bottom: 4px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4.种植庭院树与行道树</strong></p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在“Grey to Green”项目实施的五年内，波特兰市新增庭院树木以及行道树将近32,200多棵，这些树木成熟后，每年将会捕获超过1800万加仑的雨水。波特兰市环境服务局通过志愿者对绿化处程度较低的社区进行调研，结合居民的意见配置可用的种植空间。<span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">除此之外，波特兰市还对未开发的自然区域进行保护，收集天然雨水并净化水源，同时努力恢复原生植被、控制入侵植物。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBfIBAH7P30Q8KjvxicuSZ8L1nRAkNmxfKtXPaA1fSUfWBDB8h0v69Ukg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰詹姆森广场</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">“Grey to Green”项目不仅仅是基础设施的建设，还非常注重建成项目的宣传与雨洪管理理念的推广。通过策划游憩活动、组织公共讲座、展览宣传以及与学校合作等方式，提高“Grey to Green”的社会影响力。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBuiaUhPIx5ELgkOAXGfntkzV6uzKeT2qMwYic59CVNSTn14C2Lx9wbatg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰坦纳斯普林斯公园</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">针对已经建成的项目，波特兰市环境服务局策划了雨洪管理自行车游线和徒步游线，连接起绿色街道、生态屋顶典型案例等30余项，设置了配套的科普标示系统，形成完善的游憩路径。此外，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">在各个项目的推进过程中，也随处可见志愿者的身影。通过社会推广活动，“Grey to Green”的实践得以从公共设施拓展到私有场地，逐步提升雨洪管理绿色基础设施网络在波特兰市的覆盖密度。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKB7ut6bia6V7zm4YOkqYxtxoOoYxGIE6CrVecYvxKzW9m1fic6MZrdoJQg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰塔博尔山中学雨水花园</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">“Grey to Green”</span>是波特兰雨洪管理体系中非常重要的一环，通过对基础设施的建设与改造，建立起完善的雨洪管理系统，对改善水质，保护径流起到了关键作用。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBVNqicHHdMc8YAocjXs3jGCib8erIH8oQQqNT9zVbAt0gGB7DRE8K8tDg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">当地高中生在塔博尔山中学雨水花园观摩学习</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">“Grey to Green”<span style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;">项目</span>进行</span>过程中，在社区中的推广与宣传起到了重要作用。志愿者的参与使项目节省了大量的资金，雨洪管理理念的推广也使项目能在一些私人庭园中顺利开展。市民自发参与绿色基础设施的保养维护，使街道设施受到了良好的保护，管理部门也能将更多的精力放在监测雨洪管理效果上。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><p><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/6sgdpe0MkOa18KFcDCUcOl1BcTDBApKBHjnqoKjJdoD1Vvgaic75Re0swscJJmeQYvoUGiaBk1s68mlUGbA1sfrw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 15px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">波特兰市民与刚刚落成的雨水花园</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">对波特兰的市民来说，<strong><span style="color: rgb(48, 72, 128);">雨水花园与城市生态维护不仅仅是报纸上的标题，还是一种举手投足间的生活方式</span></strong>。也正是在这种全民参与之下，波特兰众多的雨水花园才能数十年如一日地服务于这片土地。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" powered-by="gulangu" style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;line-height: 28.8px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px;display: inline-block;width: 533px;border-width: 2px;border-style: dotted;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);border-radius: 11px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" powered-by="gulangu" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding-right: 12px;padding-left: 12px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">参考资料：</strong><span style="text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;">[1]王思元,胡嘉诚.生态城市的规划实施和启示——以美国波特兰为例[J].风景园林,2016(05):27-34.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;">[2]刘家琳.波特兰市“Grey to Green”雨洪管理策略与实践探析[J].动感(生态城市与绿色建筑),2014(04):78-83.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0px;">[3]孙群郎,孙金龙.当代波特兰大都市区的增长管理及其启示[J].郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,46(06):153-158.</span></p><p><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">图片来源：</span></strong></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;">俄勒冈波特兰政府网站、Pinkbike@wild BLUE Bear、网易博客@晓林视界、花瓣网、筑龙网、百度贴吧园林吧、环球设计微信公众号</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.8;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br  /></p><hr  /></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" powered-by="gulangu" style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" powered-by="gulangu" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 2px 10px;text-align: justify;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(84, 84, 84);letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="line-height: 28.8px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" powered-by="gulangu" style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><p style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;line-height: 28.8px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0px;">编辑、排版 / 陈程</span></p><p style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;line-height: 28.8px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 16px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">头图 / </span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 16px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Folio Art</span><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 16px;text-align: justify;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">作品，来源于behance</span></span></p><p style="color: rgb(84, 84, 84);font-size: 18px;text-align: justify;white-space: normal;line-height: 28.8px;box-sizing: border-box;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 16px;">注:本内容授权转</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 16px;">自城市设计（ID：urban_insight）</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(165, 165, 165);font-size: 16px;">，转载请联系来源公众号，十分感谢作者的悉心编写与分享，版权归原作者所有，仅供交流学习使用。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;padding-right: 3px;padding-left: 3px;text-align: center;overflow: hidden;font-size: 13px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 2.6em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="transform: rotate(-45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(-45deg);-o-transform: rotate(-45deg);margin-top: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2em;height: 2em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 100%;border-left: 0.2em solid rgb(84, 84, 84);border-bottom: 0.2em solid rgb(84, 84, 84);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img 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