国匠城工作台

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<section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 15px;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/asWywjK0mIxeE5Xrf36lxVwjP0LDnIML0w26LaOUWbOs5r8icU1JCjEvRbLy8jDy4WENqJg71hrlyicYtgAbdJiaA/640?wx_fmt=gif");background-position: 75.0303% 15.3758%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 107.589%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHgW9AG2165PaSSl4FWgl1D7jVGhZp8G6OK8l4wsxWg2mQpxeUYo62PPA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/W4z3cdOaqhQkia6sccO3XgHdmBhZRf2kd2PxuhN2q4J65qFuRzdEYyJPozpmqfPlTW0fKU6oKSliaDkgCyj9gGiaA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 98%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 0px 10px 10px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 80%;border-width: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHg2D5HszGSg69WjTiaUbp5mp2xgwF8icFgpuiaLribBTJu5ZicXXzVmgsnucQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 80%;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHg5qYrFoGWfNtDznkY6CQWFvCcArdMMbPHgD6Itgk5ARYrF939hUgGJw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 30px 0% 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(220, 221, 221) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 6px;height: 6px;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;font-size: 15px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">编辑团队</strong></p></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 6px;height: 6px;border-radius: 100%;background-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 12px;padding: 0px;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 1.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(55, 120, 153);box-sizing: border-box;">原文</span>/ Richard Florida    </p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(55, 120, 153);box-sizing: border-box;">翻译</span>/ 郭晓东</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(55, 120, 153);box-sizing: border-box;">文献</span>/ 林堉卉   <span style="color: rgb(55, 120, 153);box-sizing: border-box;"> 校核</span>/ 赵鑫玮  </p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(55, 120, 153);box-sizing: border-box;">编辑</span>/ 众山小 <span style="color: rgb(55, 120, 153);box-sizing: border-box;">  排版</span>/ 徐逸菁</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0px 0% -26px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20%;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 1px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 13px;margin: 3px 0px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-color: rgb(61, 122, 171);text-align: center;width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20%;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 0px 0px 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 4px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20%;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 1px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 4px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">交通</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20%;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 0px 0px 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="font-size: 13px;margin: 3px 0%;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;background-color: rgb(61, 122, 171);text-align: center;width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">览</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="height: 5px;margin-bottom: 5px;background-color: rgb(218, 218, 218);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="padding: 10px;margin-top: -40px;margin-left: 1.5em;margin-right: 1.5em;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;border-style: groove;border-width: 1px;border-radius: 30px;border-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 45, 72, 0.65);line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align: center;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">导读</strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></strong></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgba(0, 45, 72, 0.65);box-sizing: border-box;">服务类是美国最为庞大的行业，占全部劳动力的45%左右。然而，美国的服务阶层大多处于不稳定、低技能、低薪的工作状态。数据显示，女性及少数民族在服务类工作中也更容易拿到更低的薪酬。最后作者指出，缩小美国经济鸿沟和重建中产阶级的唯一办法就是提升服务阶层工人的工资和工作条件，呼吁将服务业人员的工作改善为高薪，能养家的工作，重建美国的中产阶级。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 22px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(185, 167, 121);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHga27UNVzZzziafyJicZYeADjfDtB885gT1UBcibgpibJ4Zicmy4tmWCibQ3qQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 22px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(185, 167, 121);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHgJd9C9GHoFpVsicHYPPE1zsa2EcdIxvRkRKbxetmfCaywUIicvwwQyxiag/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图一、一名男子在拉斯维加斯的麦当劳前抗议工资15美元小时。图：John Locher/AP</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;text-align: left;width: 100%;padding-left: 1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;transform: rotate(0deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);-moz-transform: rotate(0deg);-o-transform: rotate(0deg);margin-left: -1em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 0px;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(253, 177, 89);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(253, 177, 89);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 0px;margin-top: -1em;margin-left: 0.2em;border-left: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-bottom: 0.8em solid rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top: 0.8em solid transparent !important;border-right: 0.8em solid transparent !important;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: 0.3em;padding-bottom: 1em;background-color: rgb(254, 209, 109);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-width: 0.2em;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(253, 177, 89);display: inline-block;width: 100%;margin-top: -1em;margin-left: -1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: center;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">服务类工作者值得更好的回报</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">美国的未来取决于我们能否给大部分劳动力提供稳定的、能养家的工作的能力。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">超过6500万美国人在不稳定、低工资的服务阶层岗位上，为我们准备和提供食物，在商店帮助我们，或者支持我们的办公和专业工作，照顾我们的孩子和年迈的父母。迄今为止，服务业是美国最庞大的行业，占全部劳动力的45％左右。就他们所从事的工作和经济收入而言，其成员在很多方面与二十一世纪老蓝领工人阶级十分相似。就像我们在战后几年改善那些曾经是肮脏，危险和低收入的制造业的工作一样，现在我们必须通过将服务岗位工作转化为高薪，能养家的工作来重建美国的中产阶级。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我和Martin Prosperity Institute的同事Karen King和Charlotta Mellander今天发布的一份新报告  ，标题为《如何打造6500万份好工作  Building 65 Million Good Jobs》<span style="color: rgb(36, 204, 218);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献1，如需下载请后台留言索取）</strong></span>。概述了美国服务类行业的规模和范围，并描述了我们如何开始改善他们的工作。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">下图显示了过去一个世纪以来美国劳动力的转型。在二十世纪初，工人阶级占美国员工的近60％。今天，它已经下降到大约五分之一的劳动力，而美国的另外两个主要阶层激增 - 高技能、高薪的创意阶层和服务阶层。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHgCeJfVSe9YRcnLYmjfhgVzmg7a8C8j2TMl2ibzlqIJUeFic0gibKJoiazWA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图二、1900年-2010年的美国劳动力结构变化(Martin Prosperity Institute)</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">服务阶层的成员平均每年的工资只有32272美元。比全国平均水平46440美元低30％，不到科技工作创意阶层（业务和管理; 艺术、媒体和文化; 以及医疗、教育和法律）平均75759美元的一半。服务阶层薪酬最低的成员 -在餐饮服务和个人护理工作中工作的1600万工作人员- 平均每年工资不到25000美元。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在服务类工作中，性别比例并不均衡，女性占比高达62％，而在其他各类工作岗位中，女性岗位占比不到50%。同时，服务类工作的性别薪酬差距也是十分巨大：服务类工作的女性平均薪酬只有男性的三分之二。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">另外，少数族群在服务类工作中的占比也与其人数不成比例。约一半的西班牙裔 - 拉丁裔工人和55％的黑人工人从事服务类工作，相比而言，白人只占45％，而亚洲裔只占40％。 </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">服务类别因地理位置而异，如下图所示。服务类工作占奥兰多，迈阿密，圣安东尼奥，坦帕，杰克逊维尔，布法罗，普罗维登斯，凤凰城和纽约等地的所有工作一半以上，拉斯维加斯的服务类工作占比高达62％，如下图所示。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHgdFtMF1Fm5WP2xDut4N2IRvtsvKvFicTsOjictYrx0ELw7yohKD4Lae4Q/640?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">图三、服务阶层劳动力占总劳动力的份额(Martin Prosperity Institute)</strong></em></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></em></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">服务阶层的工资也因城市而异。虽然服务阶层劳动力在旧金山和圣荷西昂贵的湾区城市能够赚取超过4万美元，但他们在美国其他近60％的都市区只赚了不到3万美元，这里面就包括五个大都会区：奥兰多、新奥尔良、圣安东尼奥、俄克拉何马州和弗吉尼亚。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHga2VxnPCqohu99Hjn0962mAccrv8giaX5MgJDGPNibQq09TzTz3Ciaa4pQ/640?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">图四、服务阶层的平均工资 (Martin Prosperity Institute)</em></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">但是服务阶层的员工，在收入上也受到其他都市区的挤压。在物价低廉经济实惠的城市里，他们的工资同样不高。而在昂贵的都市区，由于房产费用过高，有反过来蚕食了服务类人员获取较高薪酬的机会。在全国超过五分之一的城市地区，即82座城市里，服务类工作人员每年的薪酬除去住房支出后，剩余不到18000美元。这种情况在洛杉矶、圣地亚哥和华盛顿特区这类生活成本昂贵的城市地区如此，在奥兰多、迈阿密、杰克逊维尔和拉斯维加斯等次昂贵的阳光地带城市也一样。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">因此给美国6500万服务阶层工人的低工资，是该国日益严重的不平等，以及曾经牢不可破的中产阶级阶层以惊人的速度衰落的核心原因。然而几乎所有关于在美国创造良好工作的讨论，都集中在试图将更多的蓝领制造工作引入美国，或者利用教育将更多的低技能、低收入的服务人员提升为知识、专业、创意类工作。这两项策略虽然令人钦佩，但它永远不会为数以百万计需要好工作的美国人创造更好的就业机会。即使更多的工人继续进入创意产业领域，我们的经济仍然需要很多服务工人。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">缩小美国经济鸿沟和重建中产阶级的唯一办法就是提升服务阶层工人的工资和工作条件。而这其实曾经发生过。20世纪上半叶，美国成功地把工资较低的制造业提升为中产阶级工作。亨利·福特（Henry Ford）破天荒地发起了每天五美元的薪酬政策，蓝领工人即便在装配线上工作也能购买汽车。当时政府还制定了新的劳动法，帮助工人组织工会，集体帮助工人声讨工资。那些生产企业也制定战略帮助员工提高质量、生产效率并最终分享红利。这在当时创造了双赢的结果。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">今天，美国对于服务类工作的提升和改善，也同样可以做到和当年蓝领行业类似的改善。许多最好和最成功的服务公司，如Four Seasons，Zara、Whole Foods、Costco等大企业都接受了麻省理工学院的Zeynep Ton 教授的<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(36, 204, 218);box-sizing: border-box;">《好工作战略(Good Jobs Strategy)》(https://www.citylab.com/life/2014/03/case-paying-service-workers-more/8506/)</span></strong>。即当工人付出更多代价时，应给予其更多的参与决策的能力，更多的内部职业发展提升的机会，公司为此将能获得更多的一线创新、更好的客户服务、更高的生产力以及最终获得更高的利润。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在历史上最富有的社会，都能为其数以百万计的服务阶层就业者提供岗位应得的工资，使他们能够为其子女提供体面的生活、合理的通勤距离和时间，并为子女大学教育和自己退休存上足够的钱。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改善服务阶层的工作是我们时代最重大的挑战之一。我们的未来取决于它。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 22px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(185, 167, 121);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHga27UNVzZzziafyJicZYeADjfDtB885gT1UBcibgpibJ4Zicmy4tmWCibQ3qQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 22px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(185, 167, 121);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">特色研究报告简介<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(36, 204, 218);box-sizing: border-box;">（参考文献1，如需下载请后台留言索取）</span></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《打造6500万份工作: 低收入服务类工作的布局和升级》</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">by Richard Florida, Charlotta Mellander, and Karen M. King</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(110, 115, 117);letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本报告深入美国服务行业。服务阶层包括6500万工作者，他们在食品准备和供应，零售贸易，个人护理和文书及行政职位等领域处于不稳定、低技能、低薪的工作状态。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们的研究概述了服务阶层的急剧增长，用文献记录说明服务类工作人员工资较低的现状，用图表说明服务类工作者中妇女和少数民族占大部分。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">本研究的主要发现包括：</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">o    服务类工作是美国劳动力最庞大的行业，雇佣了6500万美国人，几乎占全部工作者的一半。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">o    服务阶层的成员在低薪工作中工作，平均水平略高于32,000美元，其中食品服务和个人护理行业的职位超过一千五百万个，其薪酬更低，约为25,000美元。这不到普通创意阶层工作者薪酬的一半，比蓝领工人阶级少了30％。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">o    服务阶层中女性岗位不成比例，低工资服务岗位中女性占60%以上。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">o    服务阶层，特别是黑人和西班牙裔美国人中，少数民族的集中度也很高，分别占服务类工作的15％和16％。</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">该报告概述了一套改善服务类工作的策略。最好和最具竞争力的公司支付更高的薪酬，提供更好的待遇，使他们提高生产力和改善客户服务。这一战略将好的运营和对工人本身的投资相结合。通过更高的薪酬和更大的参与度，公司能够利用工人的生产力和创新力，提高生产力，创造更大的利润。如果我们要克服经济鸿沟，重建中产阶级，就必须改善我们所拥有的6500万个低工资服务类的工作。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 22px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(185, 167, 121);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 90%;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHga27UNVzZzziafyJicZYeADjfDtB885gT1UBcibgpibJ4Zicmy4tmWCibQ3qQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 45%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 22px 0% 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="border-top: 1px dashed rgb(185, 167, 121);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHg6ReIg554BlOrwAu3qhpTbFoSUmOmib5dz6WavatibNYUbzpVj3ic1OnAQ/640?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/W4z3cdOaqhQkia6sccO3XgHdmBhZRf2kd2PxuhN2q4J65qFuRzdEYyJPozpmqfPlTW0fKU6oKSliaDkgCyj9gGiaA/640?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;padding: 0px;background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHglorkGAlpTDI08S0ia4qCcTsGcvfDXgIyHdmDLJDPQNSRNTXV7o6A02A/640?wx_fmt=gif");background-position: -158.133% -16.5054%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: 71.5024%;background-attachment: scroll;border-width: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 20px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;border-width: 6px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 10px;background-image: url("http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHgWOxzJZia1WMn5WaOicVZhHve6eGibO8W5icSmpQGnNYZx9fh9ldOeudQCA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg");background-position: 91.6694% 0%;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: 147.183%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 40px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 83%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: transparent;padding: 10px;background-color: rgba(46, 172, 197, 0.75);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 24%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-2px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;margin: auto;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;line-height: 1.3;max-width: 1.5em !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 6px;float: right;display: inline;white-space: normal;clear: none;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一览众山小●为本文提供</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 52%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;margin: auto;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 24px;line-height: 1.3;max-width: 1.5em !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">资料</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">下载</p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 24%;box-sizing: border-box;"> </section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 3px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="color: rgb(31, 163, 196);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">索取请电邮</span><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><em style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">Daizongliu@qq.com </span></em></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(31, 163, 196);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;">或微信号 <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </em>后台留言</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 30px 0% 10px;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(31, 163, 196);font-size: 14px;line-height: 2;padding: 0px 10px;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="line-height: 2;box-sizing: border-box;">1、《打造6500万份工作: 低收入服务类工作的布局和升级》</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHgfLETdr8B9u2SiaACpicDSFAfgbe2n3V5GpRMdRLUNQIiawVq5IF7VTbrQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHg3YWJK3FnYuEHMoaulCuaLVJLdH4lJIPZKDxpXdxflicEbiaPHy1aiceUQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHg1tURicsLDwMoK8EuVEvficyTYPiavKL104HtFEdYu3A7nbs0pvcREkldg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;border-width: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHgE0f8QJLhRP90OSfMhGV1NicUT5PO2BYjNtAJWaKSG5YeWHLHH28E5FA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHg8akOwmsX00e5Ou1kJpqgIu7dZpO9JSgAa7AopxkwHlCFf2fKf6iaOIA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 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0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;border-left: 1px solid rgb(160, 160, 160);border-right: 1px solid rgb(160, 160, 160);padding: 0px 5px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="display: inline-block;width: 1em;margin: 0px 0.2em;float: right;clear: none;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">资料</p><p style="clear: both;font-size: 0px;line-height: 0;min-height: 0px;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 85%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(97, 182, 204);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">免费索取英文原文资料：</p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">联系微信公众号 <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"></em><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">或电邮 <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Daizongliu@qq.com</em> </p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;border-style: none;border-right-width: 1px;border-radius: 0px;border-right-color: rgb(218, 214, 205);border-left-width: 1px;border-left-color: rgb(218, 214, 205);box-shadow: rgb(160, 160, 160) 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 45%;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/mee9Bdh9Tia9eibGnrj3iaAyib74UMibAyTHg5qYrFoGWfNtDznkY6CQWFvCcArdMMbPHgD6Itgk5ARYrF939hUgGJw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 80%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 3px;padding: 0px 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(117, 196, 200);box-sizing: border-box;">我们帮助</span><span style="background-color: rgb(117, 196, 200);box-sizing: border-box;">中国</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="background-color: rgb(117, 196, 200);box-sizing: border-box;">可持续发展</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市规划|城市交通|非机动交通</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">|活力街区与公共交通|</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">|量化城市与大数据|</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 10%;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-align:center"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/a4Tr9T9bUibRj6DSVuDGKfeW3y2FGR1kEcpfNW1fdt7VpB5CZp79ic8sQULE5DVtMYkawEKQFIp8ic37zvgx1JQOg/640?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;width: 80%;border-width: 1px;border-style: dashed;border-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 0px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20%;box-sizing: border-box;"> </section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 60%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 11px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">我们作为专业志愿者团体</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">秉承理想，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">帮助中国可持续发展，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">并为之贡献</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">? 理念与传播 ?</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">? 培训与教育 ?</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">? 实践与孵化 ?</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎加入我们</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="display: 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0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2014-2018 ? 转载请注明：<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  />源自公众号“”</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-gulangu V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="gulangu"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section>
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