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撤县(市)设区不同划界模式对城市空间演变的影响研究
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2017-12-14 15:25:22
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<br /> <section style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miauWSZ69lcB3JebRia6WMTUd7lDiaQA2poIfBibkxp8eYAMpa4ecGCZGicYZDL8oMX6AbF8EnvKVYLDJA/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 70%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(153, 166, 171);line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.4;box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎点击以上蓝色字体</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">关注</p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miauWSZ69lcB3JebRia6WMTUd7lDiaQA2poIfBibkxp8eYAMpa4ecGCZGicYZDL8oMX6AbF8EnvKVYLDJA/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);float: left;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);float: right;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);padding: 10px;margin: -1px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="transform: rotateZ(344.54deg);-webkit-transform: rotateZ(344.54deg);-moz-transform: rotateZ(344.54deg);-o-transform: rotateZ(344.54deg);box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: -80px 0% 0px;font-size: 13px;transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 5em;height: 5em;margin: auto;display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;text-align: center;border-radius: 100%;box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 10px;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: table;width: 100%;height: 5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;line-height: 1.3;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 17px;padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">导语<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作者<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.28;text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>金陵科技学院肖萍，苏州科技学院环境科学与工程学院、苏州城乡一体化改革发展研究院副教授、 硕士生导师侯爱敏，苏州科技大学建筑与城市规划学院硕士研究生孟凡霄、马斌，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.28;text-indent: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在《规划师》2017年第8期撰文，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在全国各地撤县(市)设区广泛推进、引发城市空间重组的大背景下，文章从撤县(市)设区不同划界模式视角，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">剖析了区划调整对城市空间演变的影响。文章将撤县(市)设区归纳为3种划界模式 —— 整建制拼合式、整建制包围式和拆</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分包围式，并借助典型案例深入剖析不同划界模式对城市空间的影响：整建制拼合式推动中心城市空间由单中心向多中心演</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">变，但边界空间难以实现融合往往成为矛盾焦点；整建制包围式推动中心城区规模快速扩张，但空间调整依然受限，外围边</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">界空间被低效浪费，如果再佐以权力交接和体制改革的妥协折衷，对城市空间的发展难达到预期的效果；拆分包围式助推城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市空间由单中心向多中心、网状式的大都市区空间形态演化，城市空间与功能实现优化组合，原有边界空间相互融合，外围</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间品质得到提升，但也要注意是否会引起摊大饼式的城市空间格局。</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;text-indent: 2em;box-sizing: border-box;">发展提供借鉴。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);float: left;border-bottom-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px;height: 5px;border-top: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);float: right;border-right-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-style: solid;border-width: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 0.5em 0px;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 12px;padding-left: 5px;padding-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[关键词]撤县(市)设区；划界模式；空间演变机制</p></section><section style="border-top: 2px dotted rgb(95, 94, 102);width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文章编号] 1006-0022(2017)08-0092-06 </p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[中图分类号] TU984.11 + 9 </p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[文献标识码] B</p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">[引文格式]<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">肖萍，侯爱敏，孟凡霄，等．撤县(市)设区不同划界模式对城市空间演变的影响研究[J]．规划师，2017(8)：</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">92-97．</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/vTBV7oH90yOknLmZ2Q2sSwySdZyia2QNA7P9PRO8u6FrWAjVGpQtluCg6j5eia0icvAX6oZAUF6GnLhn47aRwibPgA/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一</strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 划界模式与城市空间的耦合机制<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.45;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 0.96;box-sizing: border-box;">生态景观资源丰富，自然环境</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 0.96;box-sizing: border-box;">敏感、脆弱</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市的行政边界作为一个空间概<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">念，其划界的不同自然会导致相应的城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市空间演变千差万别。撤县 ( 市 ) 设区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">调整的实质可以说是政区范围和政府权</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">力的组合调整。其中，城市政区范围的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">调整通过边界的变动实现，而县 ( 市 )</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">级政府与市一级政府之间权力的博弈最</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">终也会体现在边界的调整中，当城市的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发展与县 ( 市 ) 的发展处于强市弱县的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">状态时，市政府处于主导地位的撤县</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">( 市 ) 设区往往会选择与未来城市空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发展方向一致的边界划分方式，以实现</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市空间的优化重组。当县 ( 市 ) 级政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">府的发展对市中心的依附较弱，即“强</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">县弱市”的情况下市级政府对区边界的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">划分往往处于被动位置，也会产生不同</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的空间演变格局。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过梳理研究，笔者发现撤县(市)</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设区的形式多种多样。通过拆分的县</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(市)看，从县(市)边界是否变动可以</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分为整建制调整和拆分(或切块)调整。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整建制调整即县 ( 市 ) 级政区类型发生</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">变化，原有县 ( 市 ) 级政区的边界未发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">生变化，由县 ( 市 ) 级地域型空间转变</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为区级城市型空间，与城市的原辖区共</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">同成为城市的发展空间。而拆分 ( 或切</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">块)调整不仅县(市)政区类型发生变化，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">原行政区边界也发生了变动，其中一个</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">或多个县 ( 市 ) 级政区的部分或全部划</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">入另一个区。整建制和拆分的划分模式</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">通过县 ( 市 ) 级行政区边界是否变动来</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">研究对城市的影响。这也是目前大多数</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">学者普遍认可的划分模式。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">然而，上述划分模式并没有凸显存<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在“蛋黄结构”的城市是如何通过不同</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的撤县 ( 市 ) 设区划界模式来化解城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间发展受制约的问题，以及是如何影</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">响未来城市空间演变的。由于历史上我</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国采用切块设市的模式，中华人民共和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">国成立后不少城市为确保农产品的供应</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设立了“郊区”建制，强化了郊区包围</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市区的“蛋黄结构”，20 世纪 90 年代</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的撤县 ( 市 ) 设市更是强化了这一政区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">格局，“蛋黄结构”现象在撤县 ( 市 )</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设区的城市中较为普遍，因此有必要在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整建制和拆分式的基础上通过划界模式</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">明确原县 ( 市 ) 与城市中心城区之间的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间关系。这种空间关系可以概括为拼</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">合式与包围式。拼合式即指新设的区与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">原辖区之间在空间上紧邻，与原辖的一</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">个或几个区之间划界而治，除了拥有共</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">同边界之外，相互之间不会限制其他空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">间方向的发展。包围式与拼合式不同，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">最大的特征就在于原市建成区面积相对</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">较小，撤县 ( 市 ) 后形成的新区对原辖</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区空间上呈包围之势。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">综合起来，基本上可以将撤县(市)<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设区分为整建制拼合式、整建制包围式</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和拆分包围式3种模式。当然不排除现</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">实中还有其他特殊的变化模式，这里不</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">作重点考虑。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不同划界模式影响城市空间演变</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的机制</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding-right: 8px;padding-top: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-bottom: 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin: -7px -7px 0px 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">1.<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整建制拼合式对城市空间演变</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的影响</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="height: 8px;width: 100%;border-left: 1px solid rgb(192, 200, 209);transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: left bottom 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: left bottom 0px;-moz-transform-origin: left bottom 0px;-o-transform-origin: left bottom 0px;margin-top: -9px;margin-bottom: 4px;border-top-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);border-right-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);border-bottom-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整建制拼合式是在我国撤县 ( 市 )<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">设区中存在较为广泛的一种模式，这</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">种模式下原有县 ( 市 ) 级的行政边界未</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发生变动，县 ( 市 ) 级政区类型发生变</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化，由地域型空间转变为城市型空间，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与城市的原辖区共同成为城市的发展空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">间 ( 图 1)。整建制拼合式最大的特点就</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">是原县 ( 市 ) 政区边界未发生变动，容</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">易保障政区的稳定性和文化的传承，方</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">便撤县 ( 市 ) 设区前后地方政府的对接</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">工作，但是也容易造成原县 ( 市 ) 级政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">府在实现权力向市一级政府集中的过程</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中权力衔接不到位，撤县 ( 市 ) 设区过</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">程中的体制摩擦难以避免，同时还可能</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">带来城市整体空间的蔓延，导致被撤县</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(市)虚假城市化现象严重。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDcUWtDOUlNdOUKpnSGMkcwiax6ub5I5vUxbScyK1aicJcNHJTBD4cPW5w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在整建制拼合式模式下，城市的空<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">间形态被彻底颠覆，城市往往由单中心</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">走向双中心甚至多中心。同时，在新设</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区与城市原有辖区的边界地带，空间的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发展出现两种可能：一种是在市级政府</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与新设区政府的合力下，新设区与原城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市中心的空间逐渐融合，城市空间呈现</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">功能融合、结构优化和品质提升的演变</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">趋势，同时边界地区的空间由传统的城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡结合部跃升为城市中心地带；另一种</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">是，如果原边界未发生变动的情况下合</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">并的县区保持相对独立的权限 ( 规划、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">财政、人事等 )，一旦政府间存在制度</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">上的摩擦和权力对接不到位的问题，容</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">易造成边界地区的区位潜力得不到发挥</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">( 边界地区往往是重要的交通 / 设施走</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">廊 )，重大基础设施难以投入，重大功</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">能区难以形成，由此导致边界空间被低</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">效浪费，边远农村地区持续低水平城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化，虚假城市化现象凸显。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding-right: 8px;padding-top: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-bottom: 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin: -7px -7px 0px 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2.<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.28;box-sizing: border-box;">加强生态修复、保护，净化</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.28;box-sizing: border-box;">饮用水源</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="height: 8px;width: 100%;border-left: 1px solid rgb(192, 200, 209);transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: left bottom 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: left bottom 0px;-moz-transform-origin: left bottom 0px;-o-transform-origin: left bottom 0px;margin-top: -9px;margin-bottom: 4px;border-top-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);border-right-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);border-bottom-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整建制包围式的划界模式仍未打破<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">原有的行政边界，只是由县 ( 市 ) 级政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区类型转变为区级政区类型，之所以将</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">该模式与整建制拼合式区分开，是因为</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">该模式有一个明显的特点，即原县(市)</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在空间形态上对市中心城区呈包围之势</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">( 图 2)，由此带来城市空间的不同演变</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">过程，典型案例城市如常州武进、镇江</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">丹徒等。这类城市撤县 ( 市 ) 设区主要</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">是为了破除“蛋黄结构”城市空间结构</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">所带来的城市空间发展的限制问题。周</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">边的县 ( 市 ) 级政区对城市的建成区呈</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">半包围状，中心城市空间严重不足，该</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">模式一定程度上能破除城市空间的“蛋</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">黄结构”，将城市空间拓展至包围的县</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">( 市 ) 级政区空间，但也极易带来诸多</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间问题：由于该模式边界较长，原有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的县 ( 市 ) 空间对中心城区的包围之势</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">没有被打破，边界空间往往成为断裂带</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">和矛盾集中区，如果存在弱市强县或者</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市政府对新设区的规划不到位、权力交</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">接不顺的情况，那么城市的发展空间的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">拓展和发展方向的选择仍面临着阻碍，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">边界空间被低效浪费，相关体制机制与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新区的空间规划落实也会受到影响。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDSKlurAT64IiaSBNC7nDMWO4x6nNZ6VOG8NadomuOqrJVadBCN1XVdRw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding-right: 8px;padding-top: 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding-bottom: 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin: -7px -7px 0px 5px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">3.<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">拆分包围式对城市空间演化的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">影响</span></p></section></section></section></section></section><p><br /></p><section style="height: 8px;width: 100%;border-left: 1px solid rgb(192, 200, 209);transform: rotate(45deg);-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);-moz-transform: rotate(45deg);-o-transform: rotate(45deg);transform-origin: left bottom 0px;-webkit-transform-origin: left bottom 0px;-moz-transform-origin: left bottom 0px;-o-transform-origin: left bottom 0px;margin-top: -9px;margin-bottom: 4px;border-top-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);border-right-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);border-bottom-color: rgb(192, 200, 209);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><p><br /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;">拆分包围式与整建制包围式有同样</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">明显的特征，即原市中心城区面积相对</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">较小，原县 ( 市 ) 在空间形态上对城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的建成区呈包围之势，为了能破除城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间的“蛋黄结构”，通过撤县设区的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">调整将城市空间拓展至包围的县 ( 市 )</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">级政区空间。但拆分包围式与整建制包</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">围式最大的区别在于对原县 ( 市 ) 级政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区的边界进行了调整，打破原有行政建</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">制和空间上对中心城区的双包围之势，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">将原县 ( 市 ) 拆分成两个或多个区，同</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">时与原有辖区空间进行重新组合，城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间与功能实现优化组合，城市空间规</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">模迅速扩大。同时，原有边界的破碎空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">间整合，为今后空间资源的开发利用提</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">供明确的行政管理主体和职责，新设区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的外围空间城市化发展速度加快，城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间品质实现提升，但也要注意是否会</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">引起摊大饼式的城市空间格局(图3)。</span><br /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDl5ibqzu2AJu94DibVKNX2RGbN1cU3f04e6syKctYaGfIDaNjfKcT8E4w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/vTBV7oH90yOknLmZ2Q2sSwySdZyia2QNA7P9PRO8u6FrWAjVGpQtluCg6j5eia0icvAX6oZAUF6GnLhn47aRwibPgA/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="width: 100%;padding: 10px;background-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二 </strong></p><p style="clear: none;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 撤县(市)设区不同划界模式对</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市空间演变影响的实证解析</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: left;margin-top: -10px;margin-left: 26px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;float: right;margin-top: -10px;margin-right: 20px;border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);padding: 10px;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（一）<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 0.96;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>整建制拼合式——<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">佛山</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 0.96;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以下以佛山为例来开展对该种模式<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的实证研究。2002 年底，广东省为实</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">现将佛山打造成广东省第三大区域性中</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">心城市的目标，将佛山下辖的顺德、三</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">水、高明和南海4个县级市调整为佛山</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的行政区，自此佛山市的五区格局得以</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">确立。其中，佛山原县级顺德市的行政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区域为原县市的行政区域，边界未发生</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">变动，属于典型的整建制拼合式的撤县</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">(市)设区划界模式。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">撤市设区前，佛山市城市空间结<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">构属于单核心圈层式结构，空间开发活</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">动主要集中于禅城区的7km2 行政范围</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">内。从撤并以后的空间结果看，顺德市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的撤并对整个佛山的空间演变的影响显</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">著(图4)。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从顺德看，由于佛山中心城市实力</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">偏弱，顺德市在撤市设区前经济实力远</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">超过行政级别略高的原佛山市区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2002 年底原顺德市 GDP 占佛山市域</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">GDP 的 37％ ，而原佛山市区 GDP 仅</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">占佛山市域的 11％，从全社会固定资</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">产投资额看，原佛山市区为原顺德市的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">79％。因此，新设顺德区在规划权、财</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政权和人事权等方面仍保持一定的自主</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权，由此导致的原顺德市与原佛山中心</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城区之间“弱中心、强周边”的尴尬局</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">面一直存在，加上距离佛山原中心较远，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">两者间体制摩擦较大，因此顺德市与禅</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城区的空间联系不断弱化，空间发展方</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">向一直向南拓展试图与广州市融合，沿</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">着 105 国道和 325 国道呈轴线扩展，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">呈现南向发展的空间演变形态(图5)。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDkgkQLE3pZQw3qGkCjd4iczbX6WmiciaONNQN5GBuON8SPtLIy4HLJCRuQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDzVuKsoqzSzyzn8nGUe817HfibM3ZpicPXUOTDQ2sAZicnZjCicx5YU20UA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">这种情况即使在撤市设区后依旧难以改<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">变，导致顺德区一直难以与禅城区融合</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发展，市边界换成区边界后，边界效应</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">并未减弱，两区之间的基础设施难以互</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">融互通，顺德区与禅城区边界地区空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的品质低下，景观长期保持城乡结合部</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">形态，品质提升困难。最终，顺德按照</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">规划形成了独立于原中心之外的“城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">副中心”，打破了佛山原有的单中心格</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">局(图6)。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDoibLv9ogTIaE1FRHon8icULkibtSZYicowKJ0q2Rica10rvc9SdlYlSz1vA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从这个案例可以看出，整建制拼合<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">式这种划界模式通常会打破城市原有的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间形态，使城市由单中心走向双中心</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">甚至多中心；若被撤县 ( 市 ) 保留更多</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的自主权、空间上与城市原中心有一定</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">距离，则往往能够成为城市新的空间增</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">长点，与原城市中心保持一定的分离状</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">态的边界地带往往会形成矛盾焦点。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（二）<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 0.96;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>整建制包围式——镇江<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 0.96;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">镇江丹徒的撤县设区模式可以说是<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整建制包围式的典型案例。镇江市位于</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">长江下游南岸，2002 年镇江获批撤销</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">丹徒县，设立镇江丹徒区，保持原丹徒</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">县的行政区域为丹徒区的行政区域，区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">人民政府驻谷阳镇，原丹徒县人民政府</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">驻镇江市润州区(图 7)。至此，镇江市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">形成了现在的三市三区格局。由于撤并</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">前的镇江中心城区空间狭窄、升级乏力，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">而丹徒虽有空间，却品质低下，因此丹</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">徒的撤并被寄予了拓展中心城市发展空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">间、提升空间品质效益和优化配置资源</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">等厚望。但撤并后的结果却未能如人所</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">愿。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDOtICJm0C8KWEbtFhL6mSicolpEFiavZHguweYDJ5MKic3Bn6qbH10cpZg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">首先，由于丹徒为整建制撤并，而<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">且体制在过渡期不变 ( 保持丹徒区“三</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">个不变”政策，即管理范围不变、管理</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">权限不变和干部人事不变 )，仅仅是</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">原有的县 ( 市 ) 边界变成了撤并后的区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">与区的边界，“行政区经济”的约束依</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">然存在，中心城区的两个老城区没能得</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">到急需的发展空间、依然无法把工业等</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">功能向外 ( 不属于自己辖区 ) 扩散，因</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">此腾不出空间来发展急需的服务业等功</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">能，中心城区功能升级依然乏力。例如，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">润州区良好的岸线资源缺乏纵深腹地支</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">撑，产业空间发展受限，而近邻丹徒区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">虽有广阔的腹地却无法依托长江岸线，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大片空间缺乏吸引力，沿江岸线的空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">资源处于低效开发利用阶段</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">。又如新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区的丁卯、大港片区被丹徒区边界隔断</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">包围(图8)，新区内部的空间重组仅局</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">限于内部用地空间，自身难以实现升级</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发展。其次，过长的行政边界线犬牙交</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">错，利益交织，造成了空间资源的极大</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">浪费，很多边界地区的战略资源受行政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">边界的限制被低效利用，甚至浪费。例</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">如，高铁站周边位于边界地区，就难以</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">形成高水平的高铁新城，造成巨大的浪</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">费，加上规划等权力交接整合的不到位，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">也使得边界地区的基础设施对接依然较</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为困难。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">最后，由于作为外围的丹徒得</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">不到中心城区的扩散带动效应，空间景</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">观品质不佳、低效利用的现象依然没有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">大的起色。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDwk8tyD5dhZTgu16Ssmt6VCMaLCFSib5brFjqfHIsXCyjuXhz9tibLEyA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从镇江这个案例看，整建制包围式<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的撤并，如果再佐以权力交接和体制改</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">革的妥协折衷，对城市空间的发展不仅</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">难以达到预期的效果，反而会带来更多</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的问题。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black;margin: 0.5em 0px;line-height: 1.2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;border-bottom: 6px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin-bottom: -1px;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-left-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">（三）<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 0.96;box-sizing: border-box;"></span>拆分包围式 ——苏州<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 0.96;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2001 年苏州吴县的撤县设区采取<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的就是典型的拆分包围式的划界模式。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">20 世纪 80 ～ 90 年代苏州实行的“市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">管县”和“撤县建市”体制大大增强了</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">苏州县级市的经济实力。“分税制”改</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">革进一步强化了各县级市的地方利益主</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">体意识，进一步加剧了各县级市同苏州</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中心城市的竞争态势。1995 年吴县升</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">格为县级市以后，吴县市与苏州市的同</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城化现象进一步加剧。同时，吴县对苏</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">州市区空间的包围之势限制了苏州中心</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城区的扩张，苏州跳出古城发展的空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">发展思路需要更多的空间来承载中心城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区的功能转移。为了避免同城化竞争，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">达到整合空间资源的目标，2001 年吴</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">县撤市后一分为四，南北部分分别设立</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">吴中区、相城区，东西部分则分别融进</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">了高新区和苏州工业园区(图9)，由此</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">迎来了苏州城市空间发展的大变革。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDwRqAKNLRwPLyoktiafgkNxHibPq1ZFozXsxoRO7KkUH1r3xkEXkVMu4g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">首先，吴县撤并后的苏州城市空间<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">突破了古城的空间格局，跳出古城逐渐</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">向东、南、西3个方向扩张、蔓延。从</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">城市中心城区的空间规模上，苏州主城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区从409km 2 扩大到 1650km2，苏州</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建成区面积从 2000 年的 86.5km2 扩展</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">到 2002 年的 129.14km2，此后扩展至</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">2014 年的 447.29km2 。城市的空间形</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">态也分别经历了古城新区的“双星”模</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">式、“东园西区、古城居中、一体两翼”</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">模式，“东进沪西、北拓平相、南优松</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">吴、西育太湖、中核主城”的和合战略，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以及目前的由东部中心和南北新轴构成</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的“三横、两纵、一轴”空间结构。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">其次，吴县的撤并也为外围城市<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间提供了发展的机会。由于苏州市中</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">心城区“一体两翼”的空间格局，苏州</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">工业园区和高新区的基础设施投入约占</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中心城区国家级开发区基础设施投入的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">60％，在各区的基础设施不断建设与财</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">政资金的持续投入下城市整体品质与功</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">能不断提升，尤其中心城区外围地区(城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">乡结合部 )的传统景观品质不断更新变</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">化。以苏州工业园区为例，吴县的撤并</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为苏州东进开发工业园区提供了发展的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间，也为苏州工业园区的资金投入落</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">实到具体的空间上消除了边界的壁垒。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">随着苏州市的一次次行政区划调</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">整，苏州中心城区的空间规模也相应地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">一次次扩张 ( 图 10)，摊大饼式的空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">问题也逐渐凸显出来。各区政府将撤并</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">的土地资源进行不断的土地拍卖、规划</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建设，对土地资源进行大规模开发建设，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在这种外延式的空间发展过程中，建设</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">用地与生态环境、土地利用规划等的矛</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">盾逐渐凸显。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0miaZlTMtbLZpBNiat3ZcAcOTDymJ6iaVHicPch4Tg1IBaicNUD0ibw4z3ZepbEIC0Zhfa7q4c4TqWXEgsqw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从苏州这个案例看，拆分包围式<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">打破的不仅是原有行政建制和空间上对</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中心城区的双包围之势，还化解了原县</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">( 市 ) 级政府与市级政府之间一定程度</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">上存在的权力冲突，有助于城市空间与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">功能实现优化组合；城市空间规模迅速</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">扩大，同时原有边界的破碎空间整合，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">为今后空间资源的开发利用提供明确的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">行政管理主体和职责；新设区的外围空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">间城市化发展速度加快，城市空间品质</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">实现提升，但也要注意是否会引起摊大</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">饼式的城市空间格局。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/vTBV7oH90yOknLmZ2Q2sSwySdZyia2QNA7P9PRO8u6FrWAjVGpQtluCg6j5eia0icvAX6oZAUF6GnLhn47aRwibPgA/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 50px;height: 10px;border-left: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);border-right: 1px solid rgb(156, 94, 21);margin: auto;border-top-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-bottom-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section class="" style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);border-radius: 20px;background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);padding: 2px 15px;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(156, 94, 21);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 结论与讨论<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.28;box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(156, 94, 21);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">后现代地理学家苏贾认为，“空间<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在其本身也许是原始赐予的，但空间的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">组织和意义却是社会变化、社会转型和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">社会经验的产物” 。撤县 ( 市 ) 设区</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">从属于权力调整，隶属社会转型的范畴，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">进而解构与建构了城市空间。基于此，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">本文将撤县 ( 市 ) 设区归纳为 3 种划界</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">模式：整建制拼合式、整建制包围式和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">拆分包围式，深入剖析了不同划界模式</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">对城市空间演变的影响。研究认为，整</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">建制拼合式模式下被撤县 ( 市 ) 保留更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多的自主权、空间上与城市原中心有一</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">定距离，能够推动城市空间形态由单中</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">心向 多中心演变，但两者边界空间的难</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">以融合成为矛盾焦点；整建制包围式能</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">够推动中心城区的规模快速扩张，但城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">市的发展空间拓展和发展方向的选择仍</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">面临着阻碍，城市空间调整依然受限，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">中心城区升级乏力，不断强化的边界效</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">应导致边界空间被低效浪费，外围空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">低效扩张，如果再佐以权力交接和体制</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">改革的妥协折衷，对城市空间的发展不</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">仅难以达到预期的效果，反而会带来更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">多的问题；拆分包围式能够助推城市空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">间由单中心向多中心、网状式的大都市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">区空间形态演化，有助于城市空间与功</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">能实现优化组合、原有边界空间相互融</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">合、新设区的外围空间城市化发展速度</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">加快和城市空间品质实现提升，但也要</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">注意是否会引起摊大饼式的城市空间格</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">局。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">新世纪以来，区划重组在引致城市<span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">空间急剧变革，消解旧城空间的同时，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">又重塑新城空间结构。基于整合空间资</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">源的需求，区划调整极大提升了城市发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">展的竞争力。然而，还应看到的是：政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">府权力博弈所主导的行政区划调整亦存</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">在空间隐忧，并不是每一种调整都有利</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">于城市空间的良性发展，不同的边界划</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">分模式与体制变革、权力交接的不同组</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">合对调整后的城市空间演化存在巨大影</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">响。因此，在开展撤县 ( 市 ) 设区时，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em;letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">必须高度重视边界的划分模式。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img 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style="box-sizing: border-box;">文章全文详见《规划师》2017年8期</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">《<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">撤县 ( 市 ) 设区不同划界模式对城市空间演变的</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">影响研究</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;">》</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img 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