国匠城工作台

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<section style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 15px;line-height: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjTRiasSrPulrMUxRpHVZTibRXQibzE2zRQCHbpjFK1MXsibrRCGw1Ky5Aew/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 15px 0%;transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 15%;padding-right: 1px;padding-left: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);padding: 3px 5px;line-height: 1.6;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);font-size: 17px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">导</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">读</p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 85%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(97, 182, 204);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">中国进入新时期后发生了一些变化，一是城市规划更多从原来的增量规划转变为了现在的存量规划，所以现在老城区的问题越来越受到注目；二是在交通上，过去大家都更多在关注“车”是不是拥堵，现在则已经慢慢转向关注“人”的出行品质和出行体验。针对这两个问题，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">北京清华同规划设计研究院副总规划师黄伟</strong>在“北京土木建筑协会年会”上做了题为《破解老城区交通困局的规划思考》的主题报告，分享了自己关于老城区交通困局的规划思考。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0.5em;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="background-color: rgb(160, 160, 160);height: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">以下为报告全文（根据现场录音整理）</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">▼</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">总体来说，老城区的交通状况还是一个持续恶化的状态。</span>很多的城市，甚至包括越来越多的三四线城市，之前叫<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">“行车难、停车难”</span>，现在则已经变成了<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">“出门难”</span>。不止是开车的问题，连步行、自行车都已经不太方便了。所以人车交织、机非混杂、动静态交通相互干扰的问题非常突出，总体来说就是<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"> “无序、混乱、低效”</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjjqVbJoYfJ8ic710WJ77eyjKEqcMs0DxyAAAbef7MDgXSK4OL9DMND1w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在当前发展形势下，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">这种窘迫的老城区交通困境显然和当前人民群众对美好生活的需求已经有了明显差距</span>，或者说已经处于一个矛盾的状态。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">怎么去解决这个问题？</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">过去的思路很简单——不断拓宽道路，修路架桥，增加交通供给，也就是“交通追随型”解决方案。</span>但实际上，在交通领域里，大家都在说一个词——<span style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“亚当斯定律”</strong></span>，意思就是<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">新增的交通供给总是会诱发更新的交通需求，这种需求的规模到最后又会超过供给</span>，导致的结果就是交通拥堵程度的不停加重，所以单纯用不断加大供给的方式去解决交通拥堵的矛盾是行不通的。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjxRhCVSRNHsziaxgpzVOaubK78iazOyT4NwAheic5tCPCwibOlY5DekbcGA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;">到底应该怎么办？</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这里就要谈到<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"> “艾士比法则”</span></strong>，我们需要看到拥堵的复杂性和综合性。很多城市总想用一个妙招或是一个很新的交通工具（比如巴铁）去解决城市交通问题，但这基本上是不可行的。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">任何问题的解决方案，必须要和这个问题本身一样复杂才行。</span>也就是说，这个问题的成因如果很复杂，那就不可能用一个简单的方法去解决它。所以在分析老城区交通问题的时候首先要分析成因，然后针对性的提供一些解决对策，所以这个对策一定是综合性的、多方面的。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;">问题到底出在哪里？</span></strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">对此，我们做了很多思考，下图是我们项目组在西安街头拍的。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjVqRaVuZxoyGgcYgxLJ0V0E199Fs8vhjyqqiajNibwvo3ic9BtF6n9CTrA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">严重错位的道路交通——西安市劳动南路  </p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">很有意思，图片里所有的地方都是错位的，机动车逆行在公交专用道上，行人就走在非机动车道上，自行车没有办法，就骑到机动车道上，机动车则停在人行道上。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">为什么会造成这种情况？可能有四个方面的原因：</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(5px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(1, 1, 1);line-height: 1.8;padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">?</span><span style="color: rgb(142, 201, 101);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="line-height: 2;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">出行模式。</span><span style="line-height: 2;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(70, 127, 156);box-sizing: border-box;">这个城市可能更倾向于选择快速机动化的方式出行，所以大部分人都选择买车，出行方式也就优先选择小汽车，甚至出去买个菜也要开车，这显然是不需要的。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">?</span><span style="color: rgb(142, 201, 101);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="line-height: 2;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">基础设施的欠缺。</span><span style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(70, 127, 156);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;">不仅是道路，在城市里基础设施的欠缺更多体现在停车层面，尤其在老城区。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 2;font-size: 18px;color: rgb(255, 129, 36);box-sizing: border-box;">? </span><span style="line-height: 2;font-size: 15px;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">组织管理</span><span style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(70, 127, 156);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;">相对来说不够合理、不够科学、不够精细化。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(255, 129, 36);font-size: 18px;box-sizing: border-box;">?</span><span style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(70, 127, 156);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"> <span style="line-height: 2;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">规划设计</span>存在问题。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">结合一些实际案例以及我个人在规划工作中的一些思考，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">我今天重点谈谈第四个方面的问题，也就是如何改进规划设计的理念和技术方法，以在破解老城区交通问题中发挥一些作用。</strong>我会从定位、定量、定形三个方面和大家做个交流。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgba(62, 62, 62, 0.0980392);font-size: 98px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">01</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: -50px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;font-size: 21px;color: rgb(152, 152, 152);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">定位：规划理念的转变</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">规划设计需要重新回归到人的视角</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">定位里最重要的关键词就是“回归”。回归是什么？是指<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">规划设计要重新回归到人的视角</span>，对老城区来讲尤其如此。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">我们有很多视角，有空中鸟瞰的视角，也有直升机视角，但其实<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">平时大家更多接触到的是人的视角</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjPU3hak2QJ1qE5IibZmROibgzRp2iadThgiaJVsxOViaHb3MAFiaiacBdZwuYA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“车本交通”回归到“人本交通”</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">人大致1.7m的身高，步行速度大约5km/h，在这个高度和速度的尺度之下，人看到的是怎样一个城市？这就要求我们从<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">“车本交通”回归到“人本交通”</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjz3vAj8C5GodsSA3EZAeNUaQVmktapKVLLibicKbgSQyZ9wLppa25Y7Bg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">下图是故宫博物院里的院墙，在冬天的这个时间点刚好有一个方向是有阳光照射的，所以大家都自然的选择走在这边。反过来在夏天的时候也有遮荫的地方。就是这么一个很自然、和谐的尺度上，不高不宽，刚刚好，这就是尺度的重要性。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjkXYsXQVK1Ru58dXYpFMGQcHu3oxFvwqOwhdcCtxJDL3l2wQqwNAgSw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">对于老城区来说，空间和交通资源都是有限的，所以对于多种交通方式要设定优先级次序。</span>在老城区，要保持所有交通方式都不发生拥堵，往往是非常难的，但我们应当有所取舍，我们应<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">首先保证老城区的步行、自行车、公共交通不发生拥堵，最后才是小汽车</span>。比如在老城区，我个人就很赞同设置公交专用道，哪怕是在拥堵的次干路。换句话说，一条路如果本身都不拥堵，那又有什么必要设置公交专用道？</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjzicbVFfRrUiabWAVVgFusx5LfIhH6IpKrneeY1g7BPJjRSxDBor49Tgg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">老城区多种交通方式的优先级次序</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">重新认识老城区的街道</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">另外，对于老城区的城市道路要有一个重新认识。这里我必须强调，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">街道不仅仅有交通的功能，它同时也是市民交往、休闲娱乐的重要城市公共空间，是维系老城区城市活力的重要载体</span>。但是现在大部分规划里所谈到的道路都是在讲交通功能，比如在衡量城市道路是否合理时所做的定量分析，都是在计算通行能力、饱和度，这些东西都是以车为观察对象的，一条道路几条车道，一小时通过多少辆车，有没有发生拥堵，饱和度是0.8还是0.9等等，我们所有关注的东西都是“车”，所以这需要有一个回归。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjnPYIAaB535ozyHNBEia3XJEbU2UD8RBDR8pepPF9jw7oNnvDiaz2TLFg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62);box-sizing: border-box;">这里我提出了一个概念，</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">把城区的道路分成“街”和“道”。</span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">“街”就是完全以人为本的城市道路</span></strong>，强调人的安全可达，提供给人的短距离的，慢速的交通出行，所以它对应的是生活性主干路、次干路，包括所有支路。所以讲“街”的时候，应该让“街”有合适的宽度，不能太宽，太宽的道路人过街会非常麻烦，两边的活力也不能聚集；在街上行驶的车也需要限速，不能太快；车的转弯半径可能要更小的半径等等。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“道”则是城市里主要提供给车使用的路</strong></span>，比如北京的快速路、环路。而这些道路的关键词就是如何能够让车连续、快速的通过，比如快速路是没有红绿灯的，它的体系也是相对封闭的，只有通过出入口才能上到辅路，所以它强调的是速度、效率。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjSUVcxAYjMJRUXOqG5J2ErVAu7uRwbeOZHkrstE7ysEA7nh9NxWZzibg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">按照这个逻辑，“街”与“道”在技术层面就应该有很大区别的，但<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">现在的技术体系对“街”与“道”并没有区别对待</span>，现在所有的技术规范，道路交叉口规范，城市交通规划规范都是把这两个概念混为一体，用一套指标去套用的，这自然会出现很多问题。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgba(62, 62, 62, 0.0980392);font-size: 98px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">02</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: -50px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;font-size: 21px;color: rgb(152, 152, 152);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">定量：技术指标的更新</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">“定位”反映了规划师的基本价值观，是方向性的选择问题。接下来就说说“定量”，也就是指标的问题。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">道路密度</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">按照现有规范，快速路以及主、次、支路加起来是7 km/km2左右，最近的中央城市工作会议将这个指标提高到了8km/km2，但这个指标更多是在针对整个城市而言。如果聚焦在老城区，我认为这个密度还要继续提高，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">至少要提到10km/km2甚至更高</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjkAVVq9u83PWpavIzcKyibYWUibhRNDXNp0ltiamfUA51wGoA1IcngqiaDA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">道路间距</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">密度高了，道路间距必然变小。所以<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">在不同地区，要根据具体需求采用不同的间距</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjmRkbrYC6PcFCeCsTAmm4MpIhiadWnI5kYpxkcIIKTXIh8tIQ5nsN5Uw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">机动车行车速度</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在老城区里，人比较多，比较重视慢行，所以需要对机动车进行限速，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">降低到30km/h以内</span>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">车道宽度</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在限速的前提下，一系列的技术指标又可以发生变化。规范中的道路宽度一般是3.5m，少一点是3.25米，高一点到3.75m，但是这些车道宽度对应的车速是小于等于60km/h的。但如果把3.5m的车道宽度照搬到一个机动车限速30km/h的老城区内，这个道路宽度显然就不合理了，我们完全<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">可以大幅度缩减道路宽度，甚至到2.5m到2.75m之间</span>。这样就有更多的空间满足我们的慢行需求。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjaYKiaNLrSg6olibRuEYzHVuIicV6MQt40eFpSjqr1icL33AnIDPqGFEEvQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">机动车道宽度组成部分示意图</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWj3Vc47EVsvFEOt37SIRMAavJCjWCUvPfUYhqZpghTzoBDOajopibiaSGA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">一条机动车车道最小宽度<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">《城市道路工程设计规范（CJJ37-2012）》</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">5</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">公交车道</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">按现行的公交专用车道设置标准公交车道宽度为3.25～3.75m，是基于公交车速为40km/h，车身宽度2.5m的条件提出。如按实际各城市成熟地区很多道路所采用的中小型客车（车身2.2～2.3m），并且公交车速按20km/h（略低于平均车速） ，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">公交车道宽度也可缩减为2.75~3.25m</span>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">6</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">路内停车泊位宽度</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">现有停车规范中提出小汽车标准车位尺寸为2.5m×6.0m，是基于中型车辆（车身宽度2.5m）。老城区停放车辆基本为小汽车，车身宽度一般小于1.9m，也<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">可将路内停车泊位标准车位宽度缩小为2.0m左右</span>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">7</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">出入口间距</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">很多单位的出入口到交叉口的间距都直接套用规范，很多是60m以上，甚至到8m，这在老城区里同样可以缩减，基于对老城区车速的控制，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">老城区内的出入口与上下游交叉口的间距最低可低至20m</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjjJKgElDWI16gczvqsZCcIhUt0G7UInKetvaFmaEuTw0zEMXR2YnUYw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">车速与上下游交叉口距离关系</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">8</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">交叉口路缘石转弯半径</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">一直以来，《规范》设置交叉口路缘石转弯半径的目的是让车转起来不用减速太多，这样车能够比较舒服的转弯。但现在基于人的角度来看待这个问题，车就是相对次要的。老城区的低速条件完全可以突破现有的技术规范，设置较小的路缘石转弯半径，以控制机动车的转弯车速。试验表明，8m半径即足以满足公交车转弯要求，因此<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">路缘石半径可缩减至8m，过街流量特别大的路口，路缘石转弯半径可低至5m</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjHDWNtHGOHsFntvct8BtlA0t7VFscIglTVRmCiaGPMWcwhJlkB6dRXEQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">9</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">步行安全岛</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">当人行横道长度大于16m时，在分隔带或道路中心线附近的人行横道处应当设置行人二次过街安全岛，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">安全岛宽度不应小于2.0m，最低不小于1.5m</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWja03TDkp7Yq37nuMbD5LqE0jDzr0zWhiaZOR11s5msTE5IhKl3iaItM6w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">10</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">老城区停车配建</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">现在城市交通中很大的一个问题就是停车配建不足，但停车配建在所有的地区都是越多越好吗？我想这在老城区要另当别论。我认为<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">老城区应在满足基本停车需求的前提下，适当紧缩机动车的停车供给，同时提供充足的自行车停车泊位</span>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">之前我们在西安做过一个项目，在西安<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">古城内严格限制停车，我们设置的停车配建标准是最高限额</span>，也就是你甚至可以不建停车位，但绝不能超过这个限额。而<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">在其他地区，可以设置的量是在停车配建指标范围之内</span>。而<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">在外围地区，则是设置最低限额配建标准</span>，就是你可以做更多停车配建，但不能少于限额。这种<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">分区差别化的停车配建策略</span></strong>，是一个很重要的技术思路。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjA2YPwRZWqbXxD9u59MP1BTp1sDviaibxh03PgF0lMCjyeWY9uQAXRXzg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">西安市停车配建政策（中规院2012）</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">所以在老城区里，我们提出了一系列相对理想化的规划目标。当然这些目标不见得在所有中国的老城区里都能够实现，但<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">如果没有任何其他限制，这个目标是相对比较理想的</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjE8v54pVZEAHbeYPc2oEpnzqCq91bjIGBgwBuTttUmkmK4NwveREqFA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">理想化的规划目标</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgba(62, 62, 62, 0.0980392);font-size: 98px;line-height: 1;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">03</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: -50px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;font-size: 21px;color: rgb(152, 152, 152);line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">定形：道路空间的重构</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">那么，<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;">如何能实现上述的指标呢？在空间上如何定形？要做哪些事？对于一个老城区来说，它不是一个新城，所以它里面既有一些街区应该怎么办？</span></strong>对于这些，我们也做了一些思考。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">打开封闭的街区，加密老城区的路网</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在老城区开展专项梳理，摸清情况，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">视情况逐步打开封闭大院，积极推进“小街区、密路网”，加密中心城区的次支路建设</span>。单边长度超过500m的地块（超大街区）是必须要打开的，市政道路必须要通进去，帮助分流城市的社会车辆、公交车辆、自行车和步行交通。单边长度300-500m的封闭地块，可能不叫超大地块，但也偏大，可以选择引入部分道路，使公交车、自行车、慢行交通进入这种街区。对于更小的地块，如果具备开放的条件，也可以把慢行交通引入。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWj9AOIpHJMibribRF9guxrtRcgC3hvaGhoTZhj4AtDia3vt9KmiaPibEtJ06A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">某示范区加密路网示意图</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">其实很多时候，小区内部的人都很清楚，围墙后面一点点距离就有一个地铁站，但是那个地铁站和大门可能正好是反向的，大门在南面，地铁站在北面，所以每次去地铁站都要先走到南面出了大门再绕到北面。但实际上如果这是<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">一个开放街区，很多小区道路就变成了市政道路，相应的就会多出很多出口，这样从慢行的角度来说，就可以解决很多问题了</span>。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">2</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">重新分配老城区的道路空间资源</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">可以对老城区道路进行适度改造，按照步行、自行车、公交车、私人小汽车的优先次序，重新分配道路空间资源，形成连续、安全、机非隔离的老城区步行和自行车通行空间。</span>比如可以对很多道路做 “瘦身”，这个“瘦身”更多是在说对车行空间的缩减，把更多资源提供给步行交通和自行车交通。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjwUjFfNydVwibavyBBq9kTBDGbr3TO37vYPwGgXOmbKDxtBN5s3f4QRQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">地安门外大街人性化交通改造（北京市城市规划设计研究院）</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">下图是地安门大街，从左右两张图的对比就可以看出，台阶被去掉了，并对步行空间进行了一些优化，增加了一些栏杆，把机动车的通行空间和非机动车的通行空间进行了分离，这样<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">机动车、自行车和行人都各行其道，更加确保安全</span>。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWj3S4FianQ2GYSDufyRD1wpNbR8gCU10pDDKP0MlwK5DuQnnC3RqKJYIg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">步行空间的优化</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">下图是一个上海的案例，把原来车行为主的空间变成了以步行为主的空间，只允许少量汽车通过，比如一些出租车或小公交，其他大量的社会车辆就不允许进入这个区域。国外已经有非常多案例是这样处理的。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjibuhMGGG2stxib8l3SlAod0ssESAJ35SaYqcwT9I06iad2y1RMJCtzIDg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">案例来源：宇恒可持续交通研究中心</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0% 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">3</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">精细化的交通设计</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">a）限制老城区小汽车的过度使用</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">下图是地安门的交通改造，首先是限<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">制机动车的车速，从40km/h降低至30km/h</span>，然后把<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">人行过街道进行加密</span>，并<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">缩减了机动车道的宽度</span>。</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjDc6bmYBnu7GUbhJK7EvzUBWMooKibcroB1FRnNth0xlNeF1j5R5ibXbQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">地安门外大街人性化交通改造（北京市城市规划设计研究院）</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">b）支路设置停车并收窄路口，增强街道活力</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">通常交叉口渠化都是把路口拓宽，增加进口车道，北京80%、90%的交叉口渠化都是这种方式。</span>这种方式最大的好处就是增加了机动车的通行能力，但<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">带来的问题就是行人过街的长度变长了</span>。在中国，残疾人基本是不敢上街的，那之后，老龄化越来越严重，更多的老年人也不敢上街了，这是一个很严重的问题。所以<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">在有些交叉口渠化我们要反其道而行之，把进口收窄，让过街长度变短，这样更加安全</span></strong>，而且收窄了之后，哪怕是绿灯，由于车道突然变窄，车到了这个位置也必然要减速。这是我认为需要更多在老城区实现的。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjXfQZKb17wrWYuS4foicK88GEVrq2ibdWPGz6BOG2CfXp80ymWRicS5DDQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">路口拓宽式交叉口渠化</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjmhjocQFNU0YblbUfXmVWUlruyWPiayibX4YggOJMJj15VDvp6aFhslibQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">路段停车路口收窄国外案例(波特兰)</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">c）路口小半径转弯，保护过街安全</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">对于这个，现在规范很多还是在10m以上，我们在北川县城里面做了尝试，极限是2m，当然这个和车速有关。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjB7rbgZiaH4tDOlRP4JpTDq1O4aIvnSD0XUzC4zz043icgxUydCveRtlQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(160, 160, 160);font-size: 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">北川新县城交叉口设置较小缘石转弯半径实景</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">d）公交停靠站的优化</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这一项包括增加休息座椅，保证人行道和自行车的通行空间等等。地安门外大街人性化交通改造项目中，我们在一侧进行了站台设计，更多的占用了一些小汽车的通行空间，这就是<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">路权空间的重新分配</span>问题。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjGCmBFickDSGDicPtwAZbJXHxvgkJXqdicQnAmiaKk1C7tQs1UmV4saiaW0g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">e）稳静化的交通措施</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">对老城区来说，除了安全，稳静化就是最重要的。</span>营造安全、宁静、低碳的出行环境，保障街区的宁静，都有很多交通设计的措施。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWj4htShiaBt8gASOLNyUgGSP9LzvgpP6fw7NGqqPzCd9kvdh39ukNibdaQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">f）利用老城区窄而密的支路网组织单行交通</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在老城区相对比较窄而密的路网里，可以在交通组织上做更多工作，包括设置更多的单行线，把微循环设置得更加合理，增加通行效率。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjqhmJfia5bqZtsgDs6fvyPr2DmRgib2o6C6iay9DR5kFSjJ9e0pVQfgOlQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">老城区微循环交通组织方案示意图<br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">在间距比较小的间距（一两百米）上，可以成对的设置单行交通，这就是卡尔索普的“单向二分路”，这可以很大程度的提高交通通行能力，当然这种设计一定是有前提条件的。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjWMDETOWYKvHCsp6CxskUTZLJkfZvR5p9icNNib08mBSzCR8fb8qJEZRg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">“单向二分路”：<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;">即设置平行但反方向机动车单行的“二分路”，相邻两条二分路的间隔大约为100-200米（一个街区），在交叉口禁止机动车左转，同时在二分路设置步行和自行车通行空间。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">g）生活街巷管理</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">对于生活街巷来说，宽度并不是主要问题，所以不是说要拆多少房子把道路拓宽，更多的是要让街道变得有序。下图里的街道宽度并没有发生变化，但对摊贩区、行人通行区进行了界定，大家各行其道，增加相关设施，这样街道就变的更加有序、友好。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjoPzucicedCfBMdj7JfKKNJbmxD4nelcclOic7m3qECw6sAZ784cypD2w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">案例来源：宇恒可持续交通研究中心</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">4</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">友好、便捷、连续的公交和慢行系统</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">包括在老城区里加强一些支线公交和共享单车服务，还有一些良好的慢行环境、过街道的加密等</span>等。另一个就是<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">街道的街面</span>是很重要的，很多城市都有个不好的导向，就是新修一条道路后，都会要求退红线不低于多少米，好像退的越多越好，这样路两边的绿化就好实施，路看起来宽敞、气派。但对老城区而言这是需要控制的，并不是越宽越好，老城区很重要的一个体现就是有没有活力和人气，道路太宽对人气的聚集非常不利。所以我们也提出一些指标，包括<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">道路退让红线不大于10m，建筑的贴线率不小于70%</span>，也就是说沿着道路的边线，70%的范围里应该都是有建筑的，有很多店面，有很多的出入口，这是人气聚集很重要的方面。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">如果沿着道路内侧全都是围墙或者绿带，其实对老城区活力是非常不利的。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjQtOGpqOzs3K3rI1GvibqojbicvPiafEM2RNia23g0BBoM5ibxUlsxyFqialA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">建筑退线及贴线率</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWjy7JWzLYJDmLGdxJZqgGpKy1piaMqJGG6ictdBT0bTYRYia07p2d4l4uTA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;">街道界面开敞丰富</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin: 10px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 10%;border-style: solid;border-width: 2px 6px 2px 2px;border-radius: 0px;border-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: center;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">5</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: 90%;padding-left: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-top: 8px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="border-width: 0px 0px 1px;border-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(213, 181, 113);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(213, 181, 113);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">“加减乘除”的老城区停车规划和管理对策</strong></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">这一直是老城区交通问题里一个很头疼的方面。戴帅博士曾总结过应对停车问题的<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">“加减乘除”</span>法，也和大家做个分享。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">a）“加”就是增加停车泊位的有效供给</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">利用一切可以利用的空间，比如把胡同里的绿化做一个置换，把它移到屋顶，然后利用下面的空间增加车位等等。或是在一些立交桥下面增加车位。老城区的泊位缺口问题要得到重视，我们必须承认这个现实，然后想方法去弥补这个缺口。</p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;overflow: hidden !important;box-sizing: border-box;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW4fa8XgC1CXK5WibFGCZlSWj1L66ibjV0UBvuUauIBfbFRSibQMklMh5ibEyFcbC1yZ7scSddGTGldWQw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">b）“减”就是移植一些不合理的路内停车</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">大家都有感受，很多的路内停车都是违章停车，他们在没有划车位的地方随意停放，这一点应该得到重视。<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">在需要的地方可以施划更多的路内规范停车的泊位，但是在不需要的地方，一定要通过严管禁止停车。</span>另外就是要<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">避免多头管理</span>，有的城市路下是交警在负责，人行道上的停车又变成了城管部门管理，这种多头管理就一定要处理好，简政放权。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">c）“乘”就是要创新，提升一些路内泊位的利用效率</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">我们做过一些研究，发现<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">在很多城市，约有10%、20%的交通量都是小汽车在来回巡游，寻找停车位</span>，小汽车要到某个餐馆去，但找不到车位，就会来回转，造成了很多无谓的交通量的增长，也加剧了交通拥堵。所以要<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">给路内停车制定合理费率</span>，比如美国采用的15-85%的路边停车计价原则，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">针对路内停车位不同时段的需求浮动定价，使得路内停车位的占用率总是浮动在85%左右</span>，这样的好处是使路边停车泊位在高峰时间也只有85%的占用率，就可以让紧急的车主花稍多的钱总是能找到就近的车位，另外也大大减少了徘徊路边反复巡游的车辆。<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">我们要最高效的使用路内最宝贵的停车资源，让更多的车停到路外停车场，尤其是路外的地下停车设施里，而路内停车位一定是让车辆短时间停放的，不能让很多人大量的低成本的，甚至是零成本的停在路上。</strong></p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0%;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(7, 99, 151);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">d）“除”则是最大化消除路内违章停车</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;">一定要<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">严管、严罚</span>，而且要加大警力投放，<span style="color: rgb(255, 76, 0);box-sizing: border-box;">狠抓路内停车，消除违章停车</span>，这样才可能有助于解决老城区的停车问题。</p><p style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"  /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="font-size: 12px;line-height: 1.6;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">本文根据讲话速记整理，并经专家审阅</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">文中配图来源于黄伟老师PPT</strong></p></section></section></section></section><p><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/raykBSCslW5JWf40xeYA37ovvAJYd9qNGy2Vbs8eb4U0IUryP1Lk6jqNSYrT3RkwiaYVibCKIEsNpXTicFUuoFBibg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p>
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