国匠城工作台

当前：新闻编辑 | 格式化工具 | 查看本文

/h1

/h2

strong

/strong

<br />

<section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center; font-size: 1em; vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 0px; border-top-width: 1.5em; border-top-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1.5em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(55, 74, 174); word-wrap: break-word !important; border-left-width: 1.5em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1.5em !important; border-right-style: solid !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="max-width: 100%; margin: -2.75em 1.65em; box-sizing: border-box; height: 0px; border-width: 1.3em; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255) transparent; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; margin: 0.45em 2.1em; box-sizing: border-box; height: 0px; vertical-align: middle; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1.1em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(55, 74, 174); word-wrap: break-word !important; border-left-width: 1.1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-right-width: 1.1em !important; border-right-style: solid !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: -0.5em; box-sizing: border-box; max-height: 1em; height: 1.6rem; color: rgb(254, 255, 253); font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1em; overflow: hidden; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆</strong></section></section></section></section><p><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/icj9kv8svkYySiah0SZ2iacrPvehn8CgZz8aTNo7CCmYziaSkluKSeGP8FaH9bMjIMxrLZFSFq9nczTn1IxqJBlPHA/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width:100%;" /><br  /></p><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icj9kv8svkYySiah0SZ2iacrPvehn8CgZz8youltu8OnPC2leN84mknF60J9o98WMbtuSgDo9QWNUevOxh7HrnBNg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="margin-right: 35px;margin-left: 35px;line-height: 33px"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong><span style="">【编者按】</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-right: 35px; margin-left: 35px; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 140%; text-align: justify;"><span style="  z-index:1;left:0px;margin-top:406.4167px;width:756.0000px;height:15.0000px "></span><span style=";font-family:楷体_GB2312;line-height:140%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312">生态博物馆作为一种全新的博物馆理念，强调人与环境的紧密结合和自然文化遗产的活态保护，打破了传统博物馆的</span>“展馆+藏品”的模式，从更大尺度上综合保护区域的自然人文特色资源，对当前城乡空间特色塑造与推动乡村地区传统文化遗产的保护发展都具有重要意义。自1985年生态博物馆理念被引入我国以来，其发展以由贵州、内蒙等地区向浙江、福建等沿海发达省份应用与推广，对于促进地域文化特色的传承和重塑起到了积极作用。本期信息参考简要介绍生态博物馆的产生、内涵与实践案例，梳理其在国内的发展历程与经验，以资借鉴。</span></p></section><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; height: 36px; display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; float: left; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87);">生态博物馆概念解析</section><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; height: 36px; vertical-align: top; border-left-width: 9px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border-top-width: 18px !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 18px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important;"></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><hr style="max-width: 100%; border-width: 5px 0px 0px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(101, 160, 233); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><h2 style="max-width: 100%; margin: 5px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; font-weight: bold; border-left-width: 5px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); line-height: 32px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆的产生与由来</h2></section><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">“生态博物馆”的概念及实践始于</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1970</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">年代的法国。</span></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1967</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">年，法国开始了创建以人与环境的紧密结合为特征的法国地方公园系统；</span></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1971</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: -3px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">—</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">—</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1974</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">年间，法国勒特索煤矿区也建立了生态博物馆，开创了工业社区建立生态博物馆的先河。</span></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1971</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">年</span></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">8</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">月，在巴黎举行的国际博物馆协会第</span></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">9</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">次大会上首次正式提出</span>“生态博</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">物馆</span>”一词，时任法国环境部长</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">R</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">·</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">普杰指出</span>“我们正在向一些</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">人所说的生态博物馆方向发展，这是一个动态的路径，通过它，公众首先是年轻人将能够重新认识人类、人的占有物及人的环境的基本原理的演变</span>”。会议提出“要建立一种与传统博物馆完全不同的新型博物馆，寻求掌握未来的各种文化和物质手段，服务于整个人类。”生态博物馆概念的提出是博物馆发展历史上重要的里程碑，标志着一场博物馆革新运动的开始。自</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1980</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">年代以来，生态博物馆被广泛传播与实践，目前世界上已有</span></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">300</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">多座生态博物馆。</span></span></p><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><h2 style="max-width: 100%; margin: 5px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; font-weight: bold; border-left-width: 5px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); line-height: 32px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆的内涵与特征</h2></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">国际博物馆协会（</span></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">International Council of Museums</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">）首任主席</span></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">G</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">·</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">H</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">·</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">里维埃曾将生态博物馆定义为：</span>“生态博物馆通过探究某个地域社会生活及其自然环境、社会环境的发展演变过程，进行自然遗产和文化遗产的就地保护、培育、展示，从而促进地区社会的</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">发展。</span>”法国博物馆界的思想家</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">H</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">·</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">戴瓦兰</span></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">在此基础上提出</span>“生态博物馆是居民参加社区发展计划的一种工具。”如法国《生态博物馆章程》把生态博物馆定义为：“生态博物馆是在一定的地域，鼓励原住民参与，把该地域自然和文化遗产作为研究保存与展示利用对象的文化机构。”</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1974</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">年，国际博物馆协会提出：</span>“生态博物馆是一个文化机构，这个文化机构以一种永久的方式，在一块特定的土地上，伴随着人们的参与，强调自然与文化遗产的整体保护，以展现其代表的某个区域及继承下来的生活方式。生态博物馆是文化保护的工具，是地方民众参与社区发展与规划未来的平台，是获取经济收益的资源和媒介”。从这些定义中，不难发现生态博物馆打破了传统博物馆围绕“藏品”开展的发展模式，转而围绕“社区</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">/</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">社群</span>”的发展开展工作，也不再被视为上层社会的俱乐部，被赋予了更多的社会责任和引领社会可持续发展的作用。英国学者</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">K</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">·赫德森（</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">K</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">·</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">Hudson</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">）在《有影响力的博物馆》一书中，曾评价生态博物馆给世界博物馆带来的最为重要的影响就是这种让地方的人们参与规划的</span>“双向沟通的制度”。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆的特征包括：</span></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; max-width: 100%; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（</span>1）注重自然与人文遗产的综合考量。</span></strong></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆将一个具有有形或无形边界的地方作为整体规划运作的载体，改变了传统博物馆“藏品+<span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">建筑</span>”的设计模式。生态博物馆旨在综合保护人类赖以生存的自然生态环境与当地的地域文化，将藏品至于其社会文化环境中，从而更加准确的表现文化遗产的文化内涵，保证文化遗产展示的原真性。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; max-width: 100%; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（2）注重遗产与人的关系的整体营造。</span></strong></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆打破了“人”是服务对象的固有模式，而将“原住民”视为博物馆中不可分割的构成部分、核心展示内容的构成部分，作为所有要素关联建立的前提和基础。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">（3）注重遗产的动态保护与活化传承。</span></strong></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆中的所有要素都是在特定背景环境中不断认知、互动和发展的，从而展现出一种基于传统又超越传统的新的生活方式和发展模式。</span></p><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/icj9kv8svkYySiah0SZ2iacrPvehn8CgZz8aTNo7CCmYziaSkluKSeGP8FaH9bMjIMxrLZFSFq9nczTn1IxqJBlPHA/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; height: 36px; display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; float: left; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(30, 155, 232);">国际生态博物馆的实践探索与发展经验</section><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; height: 36px; vertical-align: top; border-left-width: 9px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border-top-width: 18px !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 18px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important;"></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px;">不同国家、地区就生态博物馆的建设进行了许多实践，为我国生态博物馆的建设提供了参考借鉴。</span></p><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 32px; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; float: left; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 45px; color: rgb(247, 150, 70); word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1</p></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; line-height: 30px; text-align: center; border-color: rgb(247, 150, 70); display: inline-block; width: 395.754px; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(247, 150, 70); text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> 法国</strong></p></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">总体特征：</span></strong></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">法国是生态博物馆的发源地。目前，法国生态博物馆的类型可划分为三种：第一类是以社区发展为中心且位于中心地带的生态博物馆，吸引居民参与管理；第二类是与经济发展项目相关的生态博物馆，通过区域性丰富的传统遗产吸引旅游或文化项目，以教育和展示为目的、以展品和建筑物为中心、以居民管理与参与为手段；第三类是区域性科学研究和动植物保护型生态博物馆，一般由政府和专业机构建设。法国的生态博物馆多倡导将社区民众作为生态博物馆生存与发展的主导力量，在传承和重塑地方文化的同时，吸引更多对地方传统文化感兴趣的游客参与体验。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">典型案例：</span></strong></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">勒克鲁佐</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: -3px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">—</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">—蒙索生态博物馆。该生态博物馆位于<span style="max-width: 100%;">勃艮第南部勒克鲁佐煤矿区，是由五个展示馆组成的博物馆群。该博物馆以勒克鲁佐</span></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: -3px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">—</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">—蒙索市曾繁盛一时的工、矿产业作为环境资源，以人与工业博物馆为核心，形成包括砖厂、运河博物馆、学校博物馆、矿业博物馆等在内的博物馆群。博物馆群以构建美好社区为目标，鼓励当地社区居民参与博物馆的规划、保存、研究、诠释、展示、教育<span style="max-width: 100%;">等工作，寻求</span>“行动型”博物馆的变革。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 19px; line-height: 22.8px; text-indent: 28px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">可借鉴之处：</span></strong></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">充分调动社区自然和文化资源，通过多元化的活动策划，增进社区民众的地方情感与社会集体记忆，促进民众对社区发展的身践力行。</span></p><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 32px; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; float: left; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 45px; color: rgb(247, 150, 70); word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">2</p></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; line-height: 30px; text-align: center; border-color: rgb(247, 150, 70); display: inline-block; width: 395.754px; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(247, 150, 70); text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> 意大利</strong></p></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong style="font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">总体特征：</span></strong></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">以生态博物馆为核心，链接博物馆营建与社区活力发展，并重塑地区历史与现实关联；通过现代高速发展的网络将欧盟各成员国的生态博物馆联系起来，以定期举办研讨会的方式，交流与反馈生态博物馆营建经验。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 22.8px; font-size: 19px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">典型案例：</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;">意大利科尔泰米亚生态博物馆。该生态博物馆位于意大利的科尔泰米亚小镇。该镇早期以高质量的农业生产而闻名，</span>19世纪80年代末逐步衰落。1996年，小镇试图通过建立生态博物馆，改变因经济衰退和田地废弃而日渐衰退的命运。该镇以参与性活动和解释性主题展览的方式，促进对当地遗产资源的认知与理解；以恢复小镇广场、葡萄园、果园附近的农场以及烘焙栗子房等传统建筑，来赋予旧式建筑物新的生命；以干石墙、面包制作、果园修剪等技术的展示，来重建地方风貌特征。此外，科尔泰米亚生态博物馆还与全意大利21个生态博物馆构建了网络组织，强化了生态博物馆间的紧密合作和经验分享，形成“超级生态博物馆”。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">可借鉴之处：</span></strong></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">通过社区居民参与地方文化和生活方式的重建，增强居民文化认同感；构建与其他生态博物馆网络交流机制，强化生态博物馆建合作机制建设与经验分享。</span></p><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 32px; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; float: left; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 45px; color: rgb(247, 150, 70); word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">3</p></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; line-height: 30px; text-align: center; border-color: rgb(247, 150, 70); display: inline-block; width: 395.754px; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(247, 150, 70); text-align: left; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> 日本</strong></p></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 31px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">总体特征：</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;">日本的生态博物馆多以</span>“乡野环境博物馆”的形式建设。在尊重当地历史和传统文化的前提下，以露天博物馆的形式，通过以小道相连的分散展示区域，展示传统自然环境、景观和传统文化。同时，鼓励当地居民积极参与建设与管理，启发当地人对景观和日常生活重要性的认识。此外，博物馆的管理与运行则根据地方情况，多委托给市政府或者半公共的企事业机构。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">典型案例：</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;">北海道洞爷湖地区生态博物馆。该生态博物馆的筹建源自</span>2000年3月的火山爆发和当地社区灾后振兴计划。该生态博物馆由当地六个社区和相关机构共同筹建，划分为“先人的历史与海的恩惠区”“大地的恩惠与文化区”“火山的恩惠区”三大区域，以反映当地历史资源特色，并以此营造综合性学习场所。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">可借鉴之处：</span></strong></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">借助地方政府的力量，挖掘、经营地方资源，开放、展示地方遗迹，促进地域振兴与增进社区合作发展推动新业态产业和旅游业的发展。</span></p><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icj9kv8svkYySiah0SZ2iacrPvehn8CgZz8rhuXIgu6zB6MBxbQmqEps6JnBAq3755hBjYOgP1V5tWJQbLhc9a9rQ/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p></section><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; height: 36px; display: inline-block; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 36px; float: left; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(30, 155, 232);">国内生态博物馆的发展历程与实践案例</section><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; height: 36px; vertical-align: top; border-left-width: 9px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; border-top-width: 18px !important; border-top-style: solid !important; border-top-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-width: 18px !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-color: transparent !important;"></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1985</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">年，生态博物馆的理念被引入中国，并由《中国博物馆》杂志承担传播推广工作。</span></span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1995</span><span style="line-height: 22.5882px; max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">年，我国第一个生态博物馆在贵州启动，揭开了我国开展生态博物馆建设的序幕。迄今，我国生态博物馆的探索和实践大致经历了三个阶段：</span></span><br  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">第一阶段，</span></strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">主要是以民族村寨为主要保护和展示对象的生态博物馆。如由中挪合作建设的贵州生态博物馆群；以民族村寨为中心建设若干博物馆的云南生态文化村和内蒙古生态博物馆群；以自治区民族博物馆为学术支撑和中心的广西生态博物馆群等。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">第二阶段，</span></strong></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">是指在东部发达地区保护和传承各类遗产资源和乡村遗产的生态博物馆。如依托历史文化街区，在城市中探索系统保护和展示有形或无形遗产与旅游、文创等理念相结合的综合模式的福州三坊七巷社区（生态）博物馆；结合美丽乡村建设，对乡村自然和人文遗产进行综合规划展示的浙江安吉生态博物馆。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 79, 121);">第三阶段，</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%;">是为促进乡村复兴和遗产活化的生态博物馆。如与扶贫工作相结合，探索遗产保护、展示与旅游、科普、乡村发展相结合的可持续发展新模式的山西</span>“太行三村生态博物馆”。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">经过十余年的努力，我国的生态博物馆在文化遗产保护与传承方面起到了不可替代的作用，推动了城市和乡村的传统文化保护和社会经济发展。</span></span></p><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><h2 style="max-width: 100%; padding-top: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(55, 74, 174); min-height: 32px; border-bottom-width: 1.5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(55, 74, 174); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; margin-right: 8px; padding: 4px 10px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: block; float: left; line-height: 20px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(55, 74, 174);">1</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; text-indent: 32px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: inherit; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">福州三坊七巷生态（社区）博物馆</strong></h2></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">福州三坊七巷历史街区是我国首个在城市中建设的社区（生态）博物馆，是</span>“地域</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">+</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">传统</span></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">+记忆+居民</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">的组织模式和</span>“一个中心展馆、各种类型展示馆、活动空间”并存的社区（生态）博物馆。中心展馆以解读坊巷为展示主线，通过里坊制度寻根、明清建筑探微、闽都名人追忆和非遗文化传承系统介绍社区居民的邻里生活，反映老福州社会生活，展现三坊七巷的个性和独特的历史文化内涵，是整个社区博物馆的信息中心及档案资料数据库；37个专题馆分别为名人故居、纪念馆、艺术馆、民俗馆、小型传统博物馆，通过这些多元性、综合性的专题馆展示社区的独特文化；24个展示点侧重展示社区居民息息相关的生活与习俗，如饮食、寺庙、宗祠、药铺、琴棋书画等。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">三坊七巷社区（生态）博物馆通过对历史文化街区的整体保护，实现对街区</span>“鱼骨状”的总体格局的修复、对传统建筑及街巷历史风貌的保护、对传统私家园林的整治，展现三坊七巷独特的街区风貌，凸显明清民居建筑博物馆的历史价值；通过对传统文化和风俗习惯的原地保护，确保了藏品的原地展示、民间手工艺和传统老字号的回归入驻、特色民俗节日和活动的开展、街市昔日繁华的重现以及街区历史发展轨迹的真实反映，从而形成福州传统文化的展示中心和交流平台；通过对历史文化遗产的活态保护，实现规划理念以物为中心向以人为中心的转变，确保街区的活力重塑与发展的可持续性，展示出三坊七巷“原汁原味”的社区文化；通过自我保护，引导社区居民积极参与规划、建设、管理与展示，尊重和发挥居民自治的力量，形成自上而下与自下而上相结合的管理机制；通过信息化保护，建立数字化信息平台，开展教育宣传、吸纳广泛意见，为社区的发展寻求更多的方法与路径。三坊七巷社区博物馆作为生态博物馆的发展延伸，为城市中历史文化街区和文化遗产的开放性保护、发展中保护和可持续性保护提供了实践经验。</span></p><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; margin: 10px auto; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding-right: 0.1em; box-sizing: border-box; width: 247.353px; display: inline-block; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/icj9kv8svkYySiah0SZ2iacrPvehn8CgZz8lQ2u3fH3s1yh7HiaPR9WruuXRzQeElWzoVeQhPpxbicUDpSCyMdCXuHw/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><section data-style="color:rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size:14px; text-align:inherit; text-decoration:inherit" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; text-decoration: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; line-height: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">三坊七巷社区博物馆中心展馆</span></p></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; padding-left: 0.1em; box-sizing: border-box; width: 247.353px; display: inline-block; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p><section data-style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px;" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 14px; font-weight: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p></section></section></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><h2 style="max-width: 100%; padding-top: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(55, 74, 174); min-height: 32px; border-bottom-width: 1.5px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(55, 74, 174); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; margin-right: 8px; padding: 4px 10px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: block; float: left; line-height: 20px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(55, 74, 174);">2</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; text-indent: 32px; white-space: pre-wrap; color: inherit; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">浙江安吉生态博物馆</strong></h2></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">目前为止，我国生态博物馆建设大多在乡村地域开展，逐步成为寻求乡村规划建设发展和乡村传统文化保护传承新路径的重要探索，成为寻求改善村落环境、提高村民生活质量、增加村民收入与保护文化遗产之间平衡点的重要实践。</span></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">浙江安吉生态博物馆是我国东部经济发达地区建设的首个生态博物馆，其采用</span>“一中心馆、十二个专题生态博物馆、多个村落文化展示点”的框架结构，形成村落—乡镇—整个县域“点线面”式的辐射网络，全面系统展示安吉地域文化特色和文化遗产。其中，中心馆集中展示安吉辉煌历史和传统民风民俗，具有陈列展览、信息资料管理、培训教育等功能，是融历史人文、自然生态和科学知识为一体的综合性博物馆。十二专题馆和村落文化展示馆则以展示乡镇茶文化、书画文化、畲民文化、蚕桑文化、军事文化、现代产业、扇文化、孝文化、尚书文化等多种地域文化为主，是乡村传统文化和风貌展示的重要窗口。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">安吉生态博物馆试图通过整体保护文化景观，展现农村社区及当地民众所有用的多样的生存智慧、人类与自然和谐相处的生活方式，展示具有当地文化特色的文物古迹、民居建筑、文物文献、民俗风情、传统技艺、乡土知识及其赖以产生与发展的环境；通过原状保护文化景观，将文物保留在文化的源生地，准确展示文化遗产的真正内涵，折射出人类与自然之间的内在联系和良好互动关系；通过动态保护文化景观，倡导尊重不同文化景观的演变特性，展示当地独特的人文活动、活的生产和动态生活；通过综合保护文化景观，倡导在文化遗产保护的同时，也进行基础设施完善和自然生态维护，构建多部门协作机制，为博物馆的建设提供保障；通过传承保护文化景观，以</span>“大竹海”和白茶园为依托，展示和延续安吉传统竹文化和茶文化，形成独居“安吉地方感觉”的博物馆模式；通过居民自我保护文化景观，凝聚社区民众的力量，建立有效、可持续的发展机制，确立和增强社区民众的文化认同感、自豪感和自觉性，实现社会参与的博物馆建设体制。可以说“安吉模式”是乡村文化遗产保护与富民强县有机结合的典范。</span></p><section class="editor" style="max-width: 100%; padding: 1px 5px; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><hr class="96wx-bdtc" style="max-width: 100%; border-width: 5px 0px 0px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(101, 160, 233); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></p><section class="editor" style="max-width: 100%; padding: 1px 5px; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="96wx-bdc" style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; width: 484.706px; display: inline-block; font-family: 微软雅黑; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; float: left; height: 36px; width: 8px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(30, 155, 232);"></section><section class="96wx-bgc" style="max-width: 100%; padding-right: 30px; padding-left: 10px; float: left; height: 36px; line-height: 36px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(30, 155, 232);"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: inherit; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">思考与经验借鉴</span></section></section><section class="96wx-bdrc 96wx-bdlc" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 0px; height: 0px; border-left-width: 15px; border-left-style: solid; border-color: transparent rgb(30, 155, 232); border-top-width: 18px; border-top-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 18px; border-bottom-style: solid; float: left; color: inherit; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></section><section class="96wx-bdc" style="max-width: 100%; margin-right: 15px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); color: inherit; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="96wx-bdc" style="max-width: 100%; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="96wx-bgc" style="max-width: 100%; margin-right: 5px; width: 8px; height: 18px; float: left; transform: skewX(40deg); color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(30, 155, 232);"></section></section><section class="96wx-bdc" style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; border-color: rgb(30, 155, 232); color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="96wx-bgc" style="max-width: 100%; margin-right: 5px; width: 8px; height: 18px; float: left; transform: skewX(-40deg); color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(30, 155, 232);"></section></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆作为一个以特定区域为单位、以其中整体的且相互关联的自然和人文遗产为对象，将包括当地人及其生产、生活的各种要素进行综合的动态的保护、展示和可持续利用并发展的没有围墙的</span></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">“</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">活体博物馆</span></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">”</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">，对重构自然与文化、遗产与人民、过去与现在的新型关系，推进文化遗产活态保护、乡土文化传承与重塑，城乡空间品质提升与乡村经济社会特色发展具有重要借鉴价值。</span></span></p><section class="editor" style="max-width: 100%; padding: 1px 5px; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><blockquote style="max-width: 100%; margin: 5px auto; padding-left: 0px; border: 0px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background: rgb(243, 243, 243);"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="96wx-bgc" style="max-width: 100%; float: left; text-align: center; border-radius: 4px; width: 30px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 153, 51);"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-left: 40px; font-size: 16px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; vertical-align: middle; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-weight: 700; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">以公共设施完善推动乡村人居环境改善</span></strong><br  /></section></section></section></blockquote></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; line-height: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆作为区域乡土文化特色彰显的新平台，可以对一定区域内的自然生态、乡土文化、传统特色手工业等地域特色要素进行统筹规划，集约配置城乡区域基础设施与公共服务设施，推动乡村人居环境进一步改善。通过深入挖掘乡村特色资源，保护与发展乡村传统风貌和文化特色，吸引更多资本和资源进入乡村，为乡村的特色发展开拓更加多元化的道路。</span></p><section class="editor" style="max-width: 100%; padding: 1px 5px; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><blockquote style="max-width: 100%; margin: 5px auto; padding-left: 0px; border: 0px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background: rgb(243, 243, 243);"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="96wx-bgc" style="max-width: 100%; float: left; text-align: center; border-radius: 4px; width: 30px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 153, 51);"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">2</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-left: 40px; font-size: 16px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; vertical-align: middle; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-weight: 700; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; text-indent: 32px; white-space: pre-wrap; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">以串点成面整合特色资源塑造空间特色</span></strong></section></section></section></blockquote></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">《江苏省</span>“十三五”规划》提出要“切实维护农村居住、生产、生态、文化等多种特色功能，充分彰显田园风光、乡村风情和乡土风韵。”“多展馆、无边界”的生态博物馆，以串点成面的规划建设模式，系统化、活态化、全方位地展现文化遗产和地域风貌特色，促进乡村特色资源整合和系统保护开发，有利于推动乡村区域空间文化特色的形成与彰显，推动传统文化遗产的保护与活化利用，促进传统乡村风貌的保护与持续发展。</span></p><section class="editor" style="max-width: 100%; padding: 1px 5px; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><blockquote style="max-width: 100%; margin: 5px auto; padding-left: 0px; border: 0px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background: rgb(243, 243, 243);"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="96wx-bgc" style="max-width: 100%; float: left; text-align: center; border-radius: 4px; width: 30px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 153, 51);"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">3</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-left: 40px; font-size: 16px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; vertical-align: middle; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-weight: 700; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; text-indent: 32px; white-space: pre-wrap; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">以塑造地域文化与价值观助推乡村发展</span></strong></section></section></section></blockquote></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">乡村是文化传承的主体，集聚着丰富多元的文化遗产。生态博物馆强调整体、动态、综合保护文化遗产，对乡村传统文化遗产的原址</span>“活态”展示具有积极作用。依托生态博物馆，构建完整的文化载体和动态的文化肌体，打造乡村地域文化和空间特色，并以此带动乡村旅游的发展，促进乡村产业的转型升级，增加村民收入水平和就业，吸引人才回流，使乡村成为“生态—业态—心态”等多方面动态协调适配的有机体，激发其内生活力，推动乡村可持续发展。</span></p><section class="editor" style="max-width: 100%; padding: 1px 5px; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><blockquote style="max-width: 100%; margin: 5px auto; padding-left: 0px; border: 0px; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background: rgb(243, 243, 243);"><section style="max-width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><section class="96wx-bgc" style="max-width: 100%; float: left; text-align: center; border-radius: 4px; width: 30px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 153, 51);"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">4</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; margin-left: 40px; font-size: 16px; height: 30px; line-height: 30px; vertical-align: middle; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-weight: 700; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; text-indent: 32px; white-space: pre-wrap; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">以主体参与推动文化特色的保护与彰显</span></strong></section></section></section></blockquote></section><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">生态博物馆通过转变当地村民的角色，使其从单一的村民</span>“受众”的身份，转变为乡村建设、文化传承和博物馆展示的主体参与者，强化其作为乡村文化主人的主人翁意识，使得区域文化特色保护与彰显工作得到广大群众的支持，增强居民对本土历史文化的自信和自豪感，助推了“自上而下”和“自下而上”相结合的乡村治理模式的搭建。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-indent: 32px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: justify;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br  /></span></p><section class="editor" style="max-width: 100%; padding: 1px 5px; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><hr class="96wx-bdtc" style="max-width: 100%; border-width: 5px 0px 0px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(101, 160, 233); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></section><p><br  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">【参考文献】</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">[1]</span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">  </span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">单霁翔. 论生态博物馆的原生态环境保护[J]. 中国名城, 2011(4):4-11.</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">[2]</span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">  </span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">潘守永. 生态博物馆及其在中国的发展:历时性观察与思考[J]. 中国博物馆, 2011(z1):24-33.</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">[3]</span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">  </span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">谢菲. 生态博物馆社区发展实践及其困境——基于意大利和日本生态博物馆的思考[J]. 三峡论坛:三峡文学?理论版, 2015(5):74-79.</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">[4]</span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">  </span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">金露. 探寻生态博物馆之根——论生态博物馆的产生、发展和在中国的实践[J]. 生态经济(中文版), 2012(9):180-185.</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">[5]</span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">  </span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">单霁翔. 安吉生态博物馆建设的核心理念[J]. 今日浙江, 2011(2):56-57.</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">[6]</span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">  </span><span style="max-width: 100%; text-align: justify; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: 华文楷体; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">吴良镛.中国人居史[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2014.</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; margin-left: 20px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/icj9kv8svkYzK56JmB76T7qtiakocMt3TupJqfLcFMnqicrxHJCzoXhmSVl7QWAIIBPPfpj8yZfZT0BkYRdvhxqSg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width:100%;" /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; margin-left: 20px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span><br  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; margin-left: 20px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-top: 10px; margin-left: 20px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; font-size: 10px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"> </span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; text-indent: 28px; line-height: 16.9412px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p><br style="max-width: 100%; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; white-space: normal; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p style="max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: 'MicroSoft YaHei'; font-size: 14.1176px; line-height: 22.5882px; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"  /></p><p><br  /></p>
                <br />