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【PD】微更新理念在西安老城更新中的运用
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（编号：1116）
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2017-01-24 02:44:21
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<br /> <section style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 15%; padding: 0px 5px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin: 10px 0%; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miam7yo0JL0LsicsdDDWhCbWjaFCGpSEDSjSjficribP1qIp4SvK3xKicpOkcg29U0ibtUy8FRSwEQgAibiaA/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 70%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 10px 0% 0px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(153, 166, 171); line-height: 1.4; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.4; box-sizing: border-box;">欢迎点击以上蓝色字体</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">关注</p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 15%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin: 10px 0%; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.91" data-w="100" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/j8bTq15u0miam7yo0JL0LsicsdDDWhCbWjaFCGpSEDSjSjficribP1qIp4SvK3xKicpOkcg29U0ibtUy8FRSwEQgAibiaA/0?wx_fmt=png" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 2px solid rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 12px; padding-left: 5px; padding-right: 5px; margin-bottom: 4px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">[ 关键词 ]微更新；模式；西安老城 </p></section><section style="border-top-width: 2px; border-top-style: dotted; border-top-color: rgb(95, 94, 102); width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文章编号]1006-0022(2016)12-0050-07</p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">[ 中图分类号]TU984.189 </p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">[ 文献标识码]B</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="border: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px; height: 5px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; float: left; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px; height: 5px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; float: right; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section style="padding: 0px 4px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215); padding: 10px; margin: -1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" transform: rotateZ(344.54deg); -webkit-transform: rotateZ(344.54deg); -moz-transform: rotateZ(344.54deg); -o-transform: rotateZ(344.54deg); box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: -80px 0% 0px; font-size: 14.4px; transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(-40px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 5em; height: 5em; margin: auto; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; border-radius: 100%; box-shadow: rgb(170, 170, 170) 0px 0px 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="display: table; width: 100%; height: 5em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; line-height: 1.3; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18.5142px; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">导语<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在现阶段经济发展的新常态下，面对日益复杂的城市问题，传统老城更新模式的弊端开始显露，已不能满足公众的需求。作为我国最具有代表性的历史文化名城之一，西安老城的整体格局保存较为完整，记录着西安城市的演进历程，承载着城市的历史情感、记忆和辉煌。作者东南大学建筑学院城市规划系 2015 级硕士研究生宁昱西，东南大学建筑学院城市规划系 2015 级硕士研究生吉倩妘，东南大学建筑学院副教授、副院长孙世界，东南大学建筑学院副教授王承慧在《规划师》2016年第12期撰文，文章以西安老城为例，对老城的发展现状进行分析，引入微更新理念，试图为西安老城的保护与发展提供一种全新的模式，也希望能对国内其他历史城区的更新保护带来一些启发。<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 5px; height: 5px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; float: left; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px; height: 5px; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; float: right; box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.36923076923076925" data-w="65" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/UA6ib7o1yQuFibphNb7qiaBo41GuGibbqFrIqRib6MLlllXK9Ap8Sh3nMFURf1IQSmeibJNkQ26ibTn8A43zYWNUSAU4w/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">宏观背景—我国老城更新存在的问题</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 20px; height: 10px; float: left; margin-top: -10px; margin-left: 26px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></section><section class="" style="width: 20px; height: 10px; float: right; margin-top: -10px; margin-right: 20px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">自1982年以来，国务院先后公布了我国125个<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">历史文化名城，每座历史文化名城中都有其特有的历</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">史城区，如果这些历史城区可以得到妥善的保护和升</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">级，势必将有益于城市经济的发展与文化的塑造。然而，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">对于正处于经济高速发展、城市化进程日益加快的我</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">国来说，这些历史城区大多遭受到了不同程度的破坏，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">表现出了历史文化名城保护和发展中所存在的种种矛</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">盾：①文化环境利益与其他利益的矛盾。文化环境、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">历史建筑保护与居民现代生活需求之间的巨大矛盾。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">②规划与开发的矛盾。开发商追求经济利益，政府追</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">求短期效益，当开发商利益与全局效益产生矛盾时，政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">府为了吸引投资，往往会放弃对规划原则的坚持。③保</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">护费用投入与资金短缺的矛盾。历史文化名城保护发展</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">中会涉及相当数量的居民外迁安置费、市政设施改造费</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">和历史风貌建筑的修缮维护费，这些资金如果仅靠政府</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">财政支出则难以为继。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">此外，对于已经划片登记的历史文化街区来说，<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">国内已经形成了完整的保护体系。然而，对于老城内一</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">些历史遗存较少但文化底蕴丰富的地段来说，并没有相</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">关的政策及法律对其进行有效保护。因此，本文拟以西</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">安老城为例，就如何保护城市特色、实现历史城区发展</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与保护的平衡展开讨论。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.36923076923076925" data-w="65" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/UA6ib7o1yQuFibphNb7qiaBo41GuGibbqFrIqRib6MLlllXK9Ap8Sh3nMFURf1IQSmeibJNkQ26ibTn8A43zYWNUSAU4w/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">现实困境—西安老城的发展</strong><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">现状与瓶颈</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 20px; height: 10px; float: left; margin-top: -10px; margin-left: 26px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></section><section class="" style="width: 20px; height: 10px; float: right; margin-top: -10px; margin-right: 20px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一、发展沿革</strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">西安自建城以来已有3100 多年的历<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">史。周朝时期，统治者在今西安西郊洋</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">河东西两岸建立统治中心，即世界上最</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">早的双子城—丰镐二京，后周平王迁</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">都洛邑，二京废弃。秦孝公十二年，秦</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">人于渭水北岸筑咸阳城。秦灭亡后，西</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">汉统治者于渭水南岸开始营建新都—</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">长安城，汉长安立城800年，至西晋末</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">年颓毁。由此，隋朝统治者在汉长安南</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">部择址再筑新城，隋开皇二年先建大兴</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">宫城，隋大业九年再修筑外郭城。唐朝</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">则在隋大兴城的基础上将其改名为唐长</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">安城。今天的西安就是建立在唐长安城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">旧址上，尽管城市在发展中不断向外扩</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">张，但其地理区位却没有再发生过变化。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">唐朝末年，长安城遭到毁灭性破坏，<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">留守长安的韩建弃宫城和外郭城，将皇</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城改建为新城，奠定了五代、北宋、金、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">元的城市格局。新城东、西、南三面利</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">用了原皇城城墙，北面则以原宫城的南</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">墙为墙。明朝时期，新城城垣得到扩建，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">除西南面保留新城位置外，北、东两面</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">各向外扩展约1/4。清朝的西安城市空</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">间格局较明朝发生了较大的变化，“满城”</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与“南城”的出现，使得整座城市东部</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">成为纯粹的军事防御区，城市西半部则</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">集中了全城大部分人口，成为经济重心。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">民国时期，“满城”与“南城”被打开，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">商业中心开始向东部转移(东大街)，原</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">“满城”也被重新规划(新城区)，城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">开始向东北方向发展，城市整体架构保</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">留至今。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.0203125" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Vslb0JPXycZgqGVqEGWHgZfiaHKYxErZLtDbnqgEO1rOGetbQib8RiamwzoPKMwm1P5zEMUVYa0lNNwN6hjRUrd2w/0?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%; max-height: 1.2em !important; box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" /> <section class="" style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin: -0.9em auto 0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-left: 1px; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>发展现状<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">功能结构</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">西安老城现状用地功能较为混合，居<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">住与服务并存，生活与旅游并重，传统与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">现代交织，用地面积为1282.83hm2</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">商业用地集中分布在南北、东西大街以<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">及解放路两侧，居住用地集中分布在沿</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城墙边缘地带，南部三学街地段和西部</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">回民街地段聚集着老城内大量的历史建</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">筑，绿地相对较少。西安老城整体呈现</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">出以钟鼓楼商圈、民乐园商圈和行政中</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">心为主中心，以大差市商圈、文化中心</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以及东西、南北大街商圈为次级中心的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">“两横三纵”的分布特点。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">历史资源</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">安老城的文化底蕴丰富，历史资<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">源点数量较多。就年代看，明朝之前的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">历史资源点有9个，明朝时期的历史资</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">源点有11个，清朝时期的历史资源点有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">4个，民国时期的历史资源点有11个。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">就等级看，全国重点文物保护单位有16</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">个，省级文物保护单位有16个，市级文</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">物保护单位有 10 个 ( 图 1)。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在空间上，西安老城西南部的古代<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">历史资源点偏多，东北部的近代历史资</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">源点较多，从一定程度上反映了西安老</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城的发展轨迹。此外，西安老城内还有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">北院门、三学街和七贤庄三片历史文化</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">街区，以及竹笆市、德福巷和湘子庙三</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">条历史街道。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.6953125" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgVHexhiaulg9UzkWBDXMpyuDKw2miafoxNSlr2b30AtUsszs7gPyshURa1PKck5toq0fQQ9sFdb6Rg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">街巷肌理</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">西安老城现状街道网络整体上保持<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">方格网的形态基础，形成了“两横三纵”</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的街道网络格局。其中，主次干道密度</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为 3.52km/km2</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">，公交站点分布比较密</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">集，但是在回民区和东大街南部地区内</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">部的公共交通设施比较匮乏。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">随着历史演变，西安老城内的街巷<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">格局在空间上呈现出多种街巷肌理交互</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">拼贴的特征。例如，东北角于民国时期</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">规划的新城区道路形成了细密方格网的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">肌理，西北部和南部建设的大量单位制</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">小区的地段呈现出了鱼骨式肌理结构，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">回民区及其周边传统风貌区则呈现出了</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">自由式的街巷肌理 ( 图 2)。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.7265625" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgVHexhiaulg9UzkWBDXMpyubGESsRFNyFErPMw94dfLHr1EsVic4MOV7kNicdW2wB8RwiaGlVMJjZickw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">社会经济</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">西安老城现状总人口为42万，常<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">住人口占63％，暂住人口占37％，其</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">中解放门街道的暂住人口占总暂住人口</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的一半以上。近年来，西安老城内的人</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">口老龄化现象越发严重，老年人口所占</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">比例逐年上升。根据各个街道办的统</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">计数据，西安老城的老龄人口比例为</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">13.7％，其中青年路街道的老龄人口比</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">例达到 27％，老龄化现象尤为严重。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.0203125" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Vslb0JPXycZgqGVqEGWHgZfiaHKYxErZLtDbnqgEO1rOGetbQib8RiamwzoPKMwm1P5zEMUVYa0lNNwN6hjRUrd2w/0?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%; max-height: 1.2em !important; box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" /> <section class="" style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin: -0.9em auto 0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-left: 1px; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>发展困境<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">通过对西安老城现状的调研，可总<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">结出城市中存在的一系列问题，其中以</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">公共空间割裂、历史资源遭到破坏、社</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">会环境质量下降、产业发展单一和政策</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">支撑不足这五大问题最为突出。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">公共空间割裂</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">从西安老城用地功能构成可以看出：<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">①缺乏开放的绿地广场，集中的场地仅</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">有莲湖公园、革命公园、儿童公园及钟</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">鼓楼广场；②公共空间开放性低，老城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">内的公共空间缺乏连续性，在视线、交</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">通及整体的结构上都缺少联系；③明城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">墙利用率不足，虽然明城墙的登城口可</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以沟通环城公园和顺城巷，但是现状开</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">放的登城口较少，登城方式单一，其价</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">值未能充分体现。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">历史资源遭到破坏</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">尽管西安老城内有众多文化场所与<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">文化事件，文化内涵相对丰富，但是在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">历史演进的过程中，很多历史资源点没</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">有得到很好的保护和修缮。同时，由于</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">保护方式的不专业，很多历史资源点均</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">遭到了不同程度的破坏，加上历史资源</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">点本身空间分布不均、各历史片区间缺</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">乏联系和历史文化载体的遗失等因素，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">导致了老城特色不足，进而被过度地侵</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">蚀和消费。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">社会环境质量下降</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">由于历史原因，西安老城各历史文<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">化街区内的现状街道狭窄拥堵，基础设</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">施严重不足。随着外来人口的大量涌入，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以及老城内原住富裕居民的迁出，老城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">逐渐成为低收入人群的聚居之地，进而</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">导致大量房屋长年失修，社会环境质量</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">逐渐下降。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">产业发展单一</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">目前西安老城的产业以传统零售商<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">业为主，与老城丰富的传统文化资源联</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">系较弱，并存在着过度消费传统文化的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">现象。同时，老城内缺乏新兴的、能够</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">结合文化特质以及老城典型特征的创新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">产业来激发老城的活力。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">政策支撑不足</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">目前西安市的发展重点聚焦在东北<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">部浐灞地区，政府对于老城的更新发展</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">缺少有效的政策支撑，体现在两个方面：</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">一是没有足够的资金投入，老城内的基</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">础建设项目难以开展；二是在产业的招</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">商引资上缺少相应的优惠政策，导致产</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">业活力不足，新兴产业难以进驻。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">面对诸多困境，传统理念指导下旧</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城更新工作的开展困难重重。因此，本</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">文借鉴并采用一种全新的微更新理念，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">将其应用至城市规划领域，希望能对老</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城更新提供帮助。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.36923076923076925" data-w="65" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/UA6ib7o1yQuFibphNb7qiaBo41GuGibbqFrIqRib6MLlllXK9Ap8Sh3nMFURf1IQSmeibJNkQ26ibTn8A43zYWNUSAU4w/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">城市微更新理念及其应用</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 20px; height: 10px; float: left; margin-top: -10px; margin-left: 26px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></section><section class="" style="width: 20px; height: 10px; float: right; margin-top: -10px; margin-right: 20px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>微更新理念的源起<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">“微”这个概念出现于“互联网＋”<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">时代(随着互联网的发展，单位个体获</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">得资源的成本降低，个体潜力开始被发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">掘，交流方式更为简单)，继而出现了一</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">大批诸如微商、微博和微传媒等以“微”</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为核心概念的新产品与新理念。作为“微”</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">概念向城市建设方向的延伸，微更新理</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">念最早被运用于老城个别建筑的更新上。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">随着这种模式的普及，有专业团队开始</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">将微更新理念扩展至社区乃至城市层</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">面。时至今日，面对日益复杂的城市问</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">题，想通过一次性规划面面俱到地去解</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">决变得十分困难，而微更新这一自下而</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">上的全新模式将非常适合未来老城更新</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的节奏。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.0203125" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Vslb0JPXycZgqGVqEGWHgZfiaHKYxErZLtDbnqgEO1rOGetbQib8RiamwzoPKMwm1P5zEMUVYa0lNNwN6hjRUrd2w/0?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%; max-height: 1.2em !important; box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" /> <section class="" style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin: -0.9em auto 0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-left: 1px; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>微更新理念的界定<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">城市是一种文化的容器，历史与未<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">来是共生的。旧城的有机更新，不但能</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">避免大拆大建，延长建筑的使用寿命，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">促进建材的循环使用，达到节能减排</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的目的，而且也是保护城市历史街区和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">历史文脉的基本路径。而微更新理念继</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">承了有机更新理论，即在整体保护老城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市肌理和风貌的基础上，强调通过自</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">下而上的动员和居民参与，尊重城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">内在的秩序和规律，把握地区各系统</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的核心问题，采用适当的规模、合理的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">尺度，对局部小地块进行更新以形成老</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城自主更新的连锁效应，创造出有影</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">响力、归属感和地域特色的文化及空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">形态。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.0203125" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Vslb0JPXycZgqGVqEGWHgZfiaHKYxErZLtDbnqgEO1rOGetbQib8RiamwzoPKMwm1P5zEMUVYa0lNNwN6hjRUrd2w/0?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%; max-height: 1.2em !important; box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" /> <section class="" style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin: -0.9em auto 0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-left: 1px; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>微更新理念的呈现方式<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在早期传统更新模式的影响下，城<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市更新的过程缺乏对公众利益的考虑，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">在塑造城市环境的同时，城市更新往往</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">成为体现政府意志、实现设计师个人价</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">值观及开发商获利的工具。随着社会的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">发展，城市有机更新模式开始关注公众</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">参与和非物质环境保护两个重要话题，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">但由于政府、开发商的强势干预以及公</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">众自身参与意识的不足，导致在整个城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市更新过程中，公众一直缺乏有效的手</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">段对应得利益进行保护。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">相较于外力干预下的城市更新，微<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">更新理念更倡导以内生动力为主的保护</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">内生模式，即将公众的更新需求作为核</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">心，结合专业化的保护方式，力求在保</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">护与发展中寻找平衡。与传统的城市更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">新模式相比，微更新模式弱化了开发商</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与政府的作用，强调自下而上的更新机</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">制，具体包括以下四种呈现方式：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)资金来源。传统城市更新的资金<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">主要来自政府补贴与开发商投资；而在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">微更新模式下，除了以上两种方式，还</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">可以联合NGO、NPO等组织，利用小</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">额信贷、社区基金等新型平台，使资金</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">来源更加多元。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)开发模式。传统城市更新的开发</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">模式流程简单(划出开发区—居民获得</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">赔偿后搬迁—区域夷平重建—注入商业，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">配套住宅办公)，但过于“粗暴”；而微</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">更新模式强调尊重开发地区的固有特质，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">由居民自主选择是否搬迁，仅在节点地</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">区考虑进行大规模开发，注重城市更新</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">在时间上的延续性。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)社区培育。传统城市社区是围绕</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">政府相关部门形成的，向心力弱，感知</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">度不高；微更新模式强调自下而上的新</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">型社区培育，围绕居民形成新社区，形</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">成社区自主更新机制。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(4)组织架构。传统城市更新模式是</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">由政府主导、开发商实施、设计师参与的，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">公众则游离于体系之外；而微更新模式</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">将公众放到核心地位，由设计师配合工</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">作并提供专业建议，政府实施管控以维</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">护公众权利，从而实现多方服务，保障</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; text-indent: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">公众利益。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.0203125" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Vslb0JPXycZgqGVqEGWHgZfiaHKYxErZLtDbnqgEO1rOGetbQib8RiamwzoPKMwm1P5zEMUVYa0lNNwN6hjRUrd2w/0?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%; max-height: 1.2em !important; box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" /> <section class="" style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin: -0.9em auto 0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-left: 1px; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">四、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>微更新理念的操作策略<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">微更新理念的具体操作主要包括以<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">下三个步骤：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)结合城市触媒理论，甄选更<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">新触媒。1989年，美国学者韦恩·奥</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">图(Wayne Atton)和唐·洛干(Donn </span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">Logan)在《美国都市建筑 —城市</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">设计的触媒》一书中提出了“城市触</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">媒”(Urban Catalysts)的概念。触媒并</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">非单一的最终产品，而是一个可以刺激</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与引导后续开发的元素，目的是促使城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市结构持续与渐进地发展。同理，在城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市更新过程中，首先进行更新改造的地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">段便有可能成为触媒点，进而促进周边</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">土地的更新改造。其难点在于对触媒地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">段的选择以及如何定位地段，从而激发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地段成为触媒点。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)空间落实及分期实施计划。行动<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">规划是将静态规划转变为动态规划，将</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">规划编制与规划管理实施、城市建设行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">动相结合的过程，以期从目标到策略、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">从方案到实施，为城市政府提供一揽子</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城市空间建设的解决方案，并通过弹性</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的设置，寻求出最适宜城市发展的现实</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">路径，尤其是可以为决策者和开发组织</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">者提供全程解决方案。而微更新模式</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">无法像传统更新模式那样一步到位，但</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">它具有很强的弹性与时间延续性，在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">具体的空间落实过程中，应按照实际</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">外部环境的变化，随时对分期实施计划</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">进行调整。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)构建更新机制。微更新理念的<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">更新机制包括实施机制与保障机制两方</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">面内容。实施机制主要是对具体实施计</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">划中每一步的开发模式、资金来源和担</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">责主体进行说明；保障机制主要是在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">节点开发结束后，通过自下而上的手段</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">构建自主更新机制，保证地段的可持续</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">发展。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.36923076923076925" data-w="65" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/UA6ib7o1yQuFibphNb7qiaBo41GuGibbqFrIqRib6MLlllXK9Ap8Sh3nMFURf1IQSmeibJNkQ26ibTn8A43zYWNUSAU4w/0?wx_fmt=gif" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="clear: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">创新尝试—西安老城微更新</strong></p><p style="clear: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">模式探讨</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="" style="width: 20px; height: 10px; float: left; margin-top: -10px; margin-left: 26px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></section><section class="" style="width: 20px; height: 10px; float: right; margin-top: -10px; margin-right: 20px; border-radius: 10px 10px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(254, 255, 255);"></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; border: 1px solid rgb(33, 71, 215); padding: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">一、 <span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>基于微更新理念的设计策略<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">结合微更新理念的操作策略，本文<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">将西安老城微更新的具体设计策略概括</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">如下(图3)：①在现状调研的基础上，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">根据空间特色、社会文化经济特色，对</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">西安老城进行地段划分，并对不同地段</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的特征、价值和问题进行总结；②在具</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">有不同文化特色的地段内寻找潜在触媒</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地块进行设计，尽量保证地块的选择具</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">有代表性和典型性，同时在设计过程中</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">着重分析现有的建设主体和土地权属的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">关系；③研究不同政策主体的需求和特</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">征，设计一套完整的更新机制及保障机</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">制，并为不同建设主体提供空间设计引</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">导；④将潜在触媒点的设计方法运用到</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">老城的其他地段，以点带线，以线促面，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">在历史城区内构筑完整的触媒系统，既</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">提升了城市空间环境质量，又保住了历</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">史城区的文脉。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="1.3872679045092837" data-w="377" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgVHexhiaulg9UzkWBDXMpyuRRCFKV5252eCrmLcuaJ0VA0XdLDhicibdeyADvbicZjEYo6hYOkdsFLUQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.0203125" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Vslb0JPXycZgqGVqEGWHgZfiaHKYxErZLtDbnqgEO1rOGetbQib8RiamwzoPKMwm1P5zEMUVYa0lNNwN6hjRUrd2w/0?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%; max-height: 1.2em !important; box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" /> <section class="" style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin: -0.9em auto 0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-left: 1px; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">二、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>潜在触媒设计<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">基于上述对西安老城现状问题的分<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">析以及对微更新理念的解析，本文针对</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">公共空间割裂、社会环境质量下降、历</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">史资源遭到破坏和产业发展单一这四个</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">典型问题，在西安老城内寻找典型的触</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">媒地块(以下分别用地块1、地块2、地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">块3和地块4表示)，对其设计进行探讨，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以此分别构筑“公共空间织补、传统社</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区活化、历史文化保护、多元市场实验”</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">四个更新主题，并结合实际情况制定相</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">应的更新机制 ( 图 4)。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.8970840480274442" data-w="583" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgVHexhiaulg9UzkWBDXMpyuKgJC0JkiaTCicCfOTWgFWZhZQ67PyRKl0crPgaEFfOLypXGB8dkh9wPA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</section></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">公共空间织补</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">地块1位于西安老城城墙西南角，<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">周边以高层住宅和沿主干道商业建筑为</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">主，设计范围约为2.64hm2</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">。地块1具</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">有西安老城内面积最大的公共空间—</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">无极公园，且公园西南侧有登城口与城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">墙联通，公共空间品质极佳。然而，该</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">公园被周边商业建筑包围，入口隐蔽，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">使用率较低，再加之城墙登城口的封闭，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">导致开放空间割裂严重。地块1的具体</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">更新步骤如下：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)梳理产权，明确主体—划定设<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">计范围，明确设计范围内涉及到的产权</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">单位与利益主体。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)构建机制，激活空间—采取<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">政企合作的机制，进行优势互补。政府</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">部门利用开发商的经验，招商引资，促</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">进地块的经济增长，带动周边地区经济</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">效益的提升；开发商则利用政府的行政</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">优势，享受税收优惠政策，建立与政府</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">长期合作的关系。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)空间设计，立体链接—尊重<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">场地现有竖向关系，打造屋顶花园第五</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">立面，联系顺城巷及城墙的内外活动。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">同时，可借助设计手段提升商业空间品</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">质，升级现有商业业态。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">经过设计优化后的公园可同时为居<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">民、游客等多元主体提供服务。因此，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">公园应由社区与开发商协调进行综合</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">管理，通过公众参与预防公共空间私</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">有化，通过商业化管理维持公共空间的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">高品质。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> 传统社区活化</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">地块2位于西安老城回坊西部城墙<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">沿线区域，北至莲湖路，东至洒金桥路，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">南至西大街，西至环城西路，设计范围</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">约为 10.4hm2</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">。地块2所在的社区生活</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">氛围浓厚，但社区活动空间平庸化且缺</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">乏文化特质；教育资源丰富，但缺少艺</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">术氛围的渲染；公共绿地较多，但景观</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">资源不成体系，缺乏与周边文化空间的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">联系。针对这样的地块，设计希望从“精</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">神引领”和“机制支撑”两个角度出发，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">将传统文化根植于社区生活，营造与传</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">统文化、教育发展相结合的艺文社区。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地块 2 的具体更新步骤如下：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)利弊分析，构建更新机制—现<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">状建设存在组织机构单一、空间特色不</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">明显及利益分配不均等问题。为此，设</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">计提出社区的活化需要进行政策创新，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">建立新的更新机制，在政府主导的同时，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">更加注重“自下而上”，强化社区自治</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">组织、社区居民和社区志愿者的角色，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">并引入众筹商业机构、艺术家机构与联</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">盟等外来力量 ( 图 5)。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)机制引领，提出策略—完善<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">公共服务设施，植入社区活动中心；加</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">强社区文化体验，优化社区公共空间；</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">构建多元支持机构，激发艺文产业发展。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)现状评价，甄选触媒—对现<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">状建筑进行评价，梳理社区公共空间，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">进行用地调整，确定触媒项目，加强项</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">目与城墙、资源点之间的联系，并对现</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">状街巷进行梳理。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(4)项目确定，设计更新—具体<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">设计策略包括工作坊微插入、公共空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">微活化、公共设施微组合、居民自建房</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">微改造及街道微整治。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">通过更新机制的建立，对街巷进行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">梳理，保留历史资源，优化公共设施，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">选取触媒点，构建慢行系统，将地块与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">周边社区相融合，最终形成网状织补式</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的交通系统；以公共空间、触媒点进行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">带动，构建社会公共空间网络，串联文</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">化资源点，构建社区文化体验网络。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.6359375" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgVHexhiaulg9UzkWBDXMpyu3zAOgCicA0kEAtDBKaLu399Hd8xOnliaLKp6flkldMCSLJk30hxasYnQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">历史文化保护</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">地块3位于西安老城南部开通巷沿<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">线区域。开通巷位于西安三学街历史风</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">貌区东部，巷道北至东羊市，南至顺城</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">巷，设计范围约为7.5hm</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">2</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">。开通巷所</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">在地段的历史氛围浓重，周边有包括碑</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">林、卧龙寺和关中书院在内的一系列文</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">物保护单位，同时开通巷两侧也拥有许</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">多历史院落。作为一条以居住功能为主</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的巷道，开通巷依旧保存着较为传统的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">建筑肌理与居民生活方式，但随着人口</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的增加、建筑的老化，加之基础设施供</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">应不足，该地块面临着居住环境恶化、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">历史资源被破坏等问题。针对这些问</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">题，设计对地块3进行微更新，具体步</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">骤如下：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)整理现状产权，寻找机会地块 <span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">—在梳理地块产权边界后发现，绝大</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">部分区域保持原有合院的用地范围，少</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">部分区域经过开发，传统产权边界已</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">不存在。通过对基地产权及建筑质量</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的调查，可以确定需要拆除整改的机会</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地块。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)梳理街巷空间，完善基础设施 <span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">—在原有街巷的基础上还原部分历史</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">街巷，开通部分新街巷，加强开通巷与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">碑林、书院门地段的连通性。在修整巷</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">道的同时，对地块上下水系统进行完善，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">满足居民最基本的生活需求。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)保护资源地块，改造机会地块 <span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">—对开通巷两侧16处传统院落进行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">保护，对不符合街巷风貌的建筑进行改</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">造，具体改造项目包括游客服务中心</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">( 原文昌门停车场)、开通巷民俗坊(原</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">卧龙小区)和创意文化展示中心(原开通</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">巷小学)。通过院落保护，彰显开通巷</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的文化特色；通过地块改造，激发新的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">活力。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(4)研究运作机制，培育新型社区 <span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">—政府主导地块更新并负责基础设施</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">整改，居民可以通过小额贷款筹集资金</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以改善住房条件，引进的NPO等组织</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">可以提供专业咨询，小地段的整改可向</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">开发商进行招商。在保障机制方面，应</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">设立与原有居委会平行的居民自治委员</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">会(成员由居民选举产生)，形成自下而</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">上的新社区与自主更新机制。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">从机制与空间两个层面对地块进行<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">更新，可以在保护开通巷周边历史建</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">筑的同时置入产业，改善居民居住条件</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">与收入状况。相较于整体地块开发模</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">式，这种方式更好地保留了地块的原真</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">性与完整性。此外，居民自治委员会</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">的成立也为地块日后的自主更新奠定了</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">基础。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 12.8px; box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="width: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 2.6em; height: 2.6em; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; line-height: 2.6em; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"><section style="width: 1.8em; height: 1.8em; line-height: 1.8em; border-radius: 50%; margin: 0.36em 0px 0.35em 0.44em; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section class="" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</p></section></section></section><section style="margin: -0.5em auto 0.3em; width: 0px; border-top-width: 1.1em; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); border-left-width: 1em !important; border-left-style: solid !important; border-left-color: transparent !important; border-right-width: 1.12em !important; border-right-style: solid !important; border-right-color: transparent !important; box-sizing: border-box;"></section></section><section class="" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 0px -0.5em -1.5em; padding-right: 10px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="display: inline-block; margin-left: 1.3em; padding-left: 5px; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 15.7539px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">多元市场实验</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">地块4为西安老城东南角的建国门<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">综合市场(西安老城内六个综合市场之</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">一)。该地块北临东大街，西至和平路，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">东、南方向紧邻明城墙，设计范围约为</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">10.3hm2</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">。地块4内拥有大量未利用的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">空地与19世纪50年代建设的工业厂</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">房，厂房停工空置，空间浪费严重。那</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">么能否将市场与工厂合二为一？针对这</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">个问题，设计尝试建立一个以市场所有</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">者为主体，吸纳政府和当地居民的市场</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">委员会，培育从生活到生产再到创意的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">多元化市场，并将整个地块更新过程分</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为三个时期：</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(1)现有市场整治期—疏散传统市<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">场、整治片区环境。由市场委员会负责</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">租用现有闲置空地，统一搭建流动市场，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">并监督市场运营；市场委员会可加强与</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">政府的合作，清理地块内大量空地上的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">垃圾，并利用空地在顺城巷周边增加开</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">放空间，改善街巷环境。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(2)创新市场实验期—改造工业<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">遗产、培育特色市场。由市场委员会出</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">面租用厂房，众筹集资，主导工厂改造</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">和开发，将工业厂房作为市场实验基地；</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">市场委员会以主办创业竞赛等方式收集</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">创意，吸纳人才，启动市场，监管实验</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">区的运营，负责对外宣传工作。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">(3)新市场片区成熟期—避免功<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">能单一，塑造市场社区。市场委员会作</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">为开发商，将地块内原有棚户区改建为</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">公租房，鼓励更多创业青年向此处迁居。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">以青年为主体，建设新型市场社区，并</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">通过厂房改造，引入新业态、新产品和</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">新理念。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">整个地块更新旨在盘活地块现有的<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">土地资源，提升市场产业等级，吸引高</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">素质人才就业，即通过市场与工厂的合</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">作，将厂房空地建设成为创新产业基地，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">并充分利用周边高校资源，引入高素质</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">人才，通过创新机制(市场委员会)的构</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">建，实现渐进式的地块产业转型与空间</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">更新 ( 图 6)。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.640625" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgVHexhiaulg9UzkWBDXMpyucBlZribwRGibRRVE4C3zYVUVYicRZJu56eHbRQmO6UEIhibYErqrUHEDfw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin: 0.5em 0px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.0203125" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Vslb0JPXycZgqGVqEGWHgZfiaHKYxErZLtDbnqgEO1rOGetbQib8RiamwzoPKMwm1P5zEMUVYa0lNNwN6hjRUrd2w/0?wx_fmt=png" style="width: 100%; max-height: 1.2em !important; box-sizing: border-box;" width="100%" /> <section class="" style="width: 0.6em; height: 0.6em; margin: -0.9em auto 0.9em; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-left: 1px; border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; background-color: rgb(33, 71, 215);"></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -moz-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); -o-transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px); box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="padding: 3px; display: inline-block; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: rgb(33, 71, 215); color: rgb(33, 71, 215); box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">三、<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span>老城系统构建<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">现状西安老城内各类资源点独立分<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">散，不成体系，并缺乏有效的方法对其</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">进行整合，而上文所述的四个主题触媒</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">则能够在老城内起到整合周边零散资源、</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">相互联动形成网络的作用。例如，开通</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">巷地块可与周边碑林、书院门及南门等</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">资源点进行联动；回坊西部城墙沿线地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">块可与回民街、贡院遗址和广仁寺等资</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">源点进行联动。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">同理，可以将微更新理念应用到西<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">安老城内更多拥有良好资源条件与发展</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">潜力的地块设计中。例如，东北部民乐</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">园地区可着重挖掘其民国文化；西北部</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">莲湖公园地区则可延续唐代文脉。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">除上文所述的四个主题外，微更新<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">理念还可以在其他主题上进行尝试，在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">西安老城内部构筑更多的触媒地块，并</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">利用触媒联动周边资源，以达到聚微成</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">网的效果，最终实现各类资源点间的相</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">互联通。整个过程可以抽象为三个阶段</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">(图7)：①阶段一 —当前阶段，各类</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">资源点间的联系度弱。该阶段需要通过</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">全方位调研，对老城现状问题进行摸底，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">并以此为依据制定发展战略，寻找触媒</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">地块。②阶段二—项目尝试阶段，对</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">不同触媒地块进行针对性更新。该阶段</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">在地块设计中需要贯彻微更新理念，关</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">键在于利用更新机制与保护机制的创新，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">保存地块固有文脉与特色。③阶段三—</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">自主更新阶段，通过机制推广与触媒联</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">动，在西安老城内形成一个有机生长的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">触媒网络，逐步实现老城的自主更新。</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">该阶段着重于弹性规划，并随着项目的</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">推进随时调整更新策略。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">总的来说，从触媒地块的更新到老<span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">城系统的形成是一个漫长而细致的过程，</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">需要从动态、微观的视角对整个老城更</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">新进行审视。同时，随着社会文明的发</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">展，公众自主参与多方利益协调也将在</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">未来的老城更新中占据越来越重要的地</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">位，这就需要规划师在规划工作中进行</span><span style="text-indent: 2em; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box;">统筹协调。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; " powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box; "><img class="" data-ratio="0.5265625" data-w="640" src="http://read.html5.qq.com/image?src=forum&q=5&r=0&imgflag=7&imageUrl=http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/j8bTq15u0mgVHexhiaulg9UzkWBDXMpyuD4y6KFOfuDcrPTTdwSMZiaUkuYFZAvlvdGK3iazyMKSgYshNzWaSJH9Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" style="max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; box-sizing: border-box;" /></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style="box-sizing: border-box;" powered-by="xiumi.us"><section class="" style=" box-sizing: border-box; "><section class="" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="Powered-by-XIUMI V5" style=" box-sizing: border-box; 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